# BeaverCheck Audit Report — https://dukeupress.edu **Date:** April 22, 2026 **URL:** https://dukeupress.edu **Overall Grade:** B (81/100) **Report:** https://beavercheck.com/results/0a6f070c-5857-4cf6-9dbf-6d1780696173 ## Top Findings 1. **[WARNING]** 46 third-party resources (77% of weight) — Performance > Page Weight Inventory 2. **[WARNING]** Cross-Origin-Embedder-Policy header is missing — Security > Security Headers 3. **[WARNING]** DMARC policy is none — monitoring only — Security > Email Security 4. **[WARNING]** External link from cdnjs.cloudflare.com lacks integrity attribute — Security > Subresource Integrity 5. **[WARNING]** External link from fonts.googleapis.com lacks integrity attribute — Security > Subresource Integrity --- ## Lighthouse Scores | Category | Score | |----------|-------| | Performance | 83 | | Accessibility | 94 | | Best Practices | 96 | | SEO | 92 | --- ## Security ### Security Headers (A — 85/100) *8 of 10 headers properly configured* - **[PASS]** Strict-Transport-Security is properly configured (consider adding preload) - **[PASS]** X-Content-Type-Options is properly configured - **[WARNING]** X-Frame-Options header is missing — This header prevents clickjacking by controlling who can embed your page in a frame. Set it to DENY or SAMEORIGIN. - **[PASS]** Referrer-Policy is properly configured - **[PASS]** Permissions-Policy is set - **[PASS]** Content-Security-Policy is present - **[PASS]** Cross-Origin-Opener-Policy is properly configured - **[WARNING]** Cross-Origin-Embedder-Policy header is missing — COEP prevents loading cross-origin resources without explicit permission. Required for SharedArrayBuffer and high-resolution timers. - **[PASS]** X-Powered-By header is not present - **[PASS]** Server header is present without version info ### Content Security Policy (B — 75/100) *3 of 10 CSP checks passed* - **[INFO]** Raw CSP policy - **[WARNING]** default-src directive is missing — default-src provides a fallback for other directives. Set it to restrict default resource loading. - **[INFO]** No script-src or default-src to check for 'unsafe-inline' - **[INFO]** No script-src or default-src to check for 'unsafe-eval' - **[INFO]** No script-src or default-src to check for wildcard - **[PASS]** object-src falls back to default-src - **[WARNING]** base-uri directive is missing — Without base-uri, attackers can inject a tag to hijack relative URLs. Set it to 'self' or 'none'. - **[PASS]** frame-ancestors directive is set - **[WARNING]** form-action directive is missing — form-action restricts where forms can submit data, preventing form hijacking. - **[PASS]** upgrade-insecure-requests is enabled ### TLS & Certificates (A+ — 100/100) *TLS 1.3, 7 checks passed* - **[PASS]** TLS 1.3 is used - **[PASS]** Strong cipher suite is used - **[INFO]** HTTP/2 is not negotiated — HTTP/2 provides multiplexing and header compression for better performance. - **[PASS]** Certificate is valid (expires in 179 days) - **[PASS]** Certificate chain has 4 certificates - **[PASS]** Certificate uses modern signature algorithm - **[PASS]** Certificate covers 2 domain(s) - **[PASS]** Certificate is issued by a trusted CA ### Cookie Security (A+ — 100/100) *No cookies set — no cookie security risks* - **[PASS]** No cookies set — no cookie security risks --- ## Advanced Security ### Subresource Integrity (F — 20/100) *0 of 4 external resources have SRI* - **[WARNING]** External link from cdnjs.cloudflare.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code. - **[WARNING]** External link from fonts.googleapis.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code. - **[WARNING]** External link from fonts.googleapis.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code. - **[WARNING]** External script from www.googletagmanager.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code. ### JS Library Vulnerabilities (A+ — 100/100) *No known vulnerabilities* - **[PASS]** No known JavaScript library vulnerabilities detected ### Information Leakage (A+ — 100/100) *No exposures* - **[INFO]** No security.txt found — Consider adding a security.txt at /.well-known/security.txt. - **[PASS]** No sensitive files exposed ### Email Security (D — 50/100) *DMARC: none* - **[WARNING]** DMARC policy is none — monitoring only — This only monitors, it doesn't block spoofed emails. Change to p=quarantine or p=reject. ### Permissions-Policy (A+ — 100/100) *29 directives, 0 missing* - **[PASS]** accelerometer=() — blocked for all origins - **[PASS]** ambient-light-sensor=() — blocked for all origins - **[PASS]** autoplay=() — blocked for all origins - **[PASS]** battery=() — blocked for all origins - **[PASS]** camera=() — blocked for all origins - **[PASS]** display-capture=() — blocked for all origins - **[PASS]** document-domain=() — blocked for all origins - **[PASS]** encrypted-media=() — blocked for all origins - **[PASS]** fullscreen=() — blocked for all origins - **[PASS]** gamepad=() — blocked for all origins - **[PASS]** geolocation=() — blocked for all origins - **[PASS]** gyroscope=() — blocked for all origins - **[INFO]** layout-animations=(self) - **[INFO]** legacy-image-formats=(self) - **[PASS]** magnetometer=() — blocked for all origins - **[PASS]** microphone=() — blocked for all origins - **[PASS]** midi=() — blocked for all origins - **[INFO]** oversized-images=(self) - **[PASS]** payment=() — blocked for all origins - **[PASS]** picture-in-picture=() — blocked for all origins - **[PASS]** publickey-credentials-get=() — blocked for all origins - **[PASS]** speaker-selection=() — blocked for all origins - **[INFO]** sync-xhr=(self) - **[INFO]** unoptimized-images=(self) - **[INFO]** unsized-media=(self) - **[PASS]** usb=() — blocked for all origins - **[PASS]** screen-wake-lock=() — blocked for all origins - **[PASS]** web-share=() — blocked for all origins - **[PASS]** xr-spatial-tracking=() — blocked for all origins ### CORS Configuration (B — 80/100) *No CORS headers* - **[PASS]** No CORS headers present — secure default --- ## Performance ### Page Weight Budget (B — 73/100) *1.4 MB transferred, 59 requests* - **[PASS]** Page weighs 1.8 MB (1.4 MB transferred) - **[INFO]** Fonts are 349 KB — consider subsetting or using system fonts — Subset fonts to include only used characters, or switch to system font stacks. - **[INFO]** 59 HTTP requests - **[INFO]** Estimated 0.30 g CO2 per page load ### Third-Party Impact (D — 50/100) *77% third-party, 0 ms blocking* - **[WARNING]** Third-party code accounts for 77% of page weight (1.1 MiB of 1.4 MiB) - **[PASS]** Third-party blocking time is low (0 ms) ### Text Compression (A+ — 100/100) *All text resources are compressed* - **[PASS]** All text resources are compressed ### Image Optimization (A — 90/100) *37 images, 0 KB saveable* - **[PASS]** All images are well-optimized ### JS Execution Cost (B — 80/100) *952ms total JS execution* - **[WARNING]** https://dukeupress.edu/: 487ms CPU time - **[INFO]** Unattributable: 236ms CPU time - **[INFO]** https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-0FJ5...: 229ms CPU time - **[INFO]** Third-party scripts: 465ms (49% of total) ### Font Loading (A+ — 100/100) *4 fonts (349 KB)* - **[INFO]** 4 font(s) use font-display: swap (FOUT risk but functional) ### JS Bundles (B — 80/100) *10 scripts, 141 KB unused* - **[WARNING]** https://dukeupress.edu/dist/vendor.bundle.js?v=BHA...: 75 KB unused (88%) — Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code. - **[WARNING]** https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-0FJ5...: 65 KB unused (41%) — Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code. - **[INFO]** Total unused JavaScript: 141 KB ### Resource Caching (A+ — 100/100) *All resources properly cached* - **[PASS]** No caching issues found ### Critical Rendering Path (A+ — 100/100) *No render-blocking resources* - **[PASS]** No render-blocking resources detected ### Resource Hints (A+ — 100/100) *2 hints, 0 missing preconnects* - **[PASS]** Page uses 2 resource hint(s) ### Page Weight Inventory (D — 45/100) *59 resources · 1.4 MB · 141 KB savings available* - **[WARNING]** Page weight 427 KB over 1MB target - **[INFO]** ~141 KB of savings available - **[WARNING]** 46 third-party resources (77% of weight) - **[INFO]** 1 resources over 200KB ### Render-Blocking Resources (A+ — 100/100) *No render-blocking resources detected* - **[PASS]** No render-blocking resources detected in ### Third-Party Resources (A+ — 100/100) *No third-party resources detected* --- ## Content Quality ### Links (A — 90/100) *159 links checked, 157 healthy, 2 broken* - **[WARNING]** 157 of 159 links are healthy - **[WARNING]** Broken link: https://fonts.googleapis.com — Found in . Returns HTTP 404. - **[WARNING]** Broken link: https://fonts.gstatic.com — Found in . Returns HTTP 404. ### Mixed Content (A+ — 100/100) *No mixed content detected — all resources use HTTPS.* - **[PASS]** No mixed content detected — all resources use HTTPS ### Open Graph (B — 80/100) *Open Graph tags are partially configured — some improvements recommended.* - **[WARNING]** Missing og:image — The og:image tag provides a preview image for social sharing. - **[INFO]** og:title is short (21 characters) — Ideal length is 25–60 characters for social sharing previews. - **[INFO]** og:description is long (317 characters) — Descriptions over 200 characters may be truncated in social sharing previews. - **[INFO]** Missing og:site_name — The og:site_name tag displays the website name in social previews. ### Structured Data (C — 40/100) *No structured data (JSON-LD) found.* - **[INFO]** No structured data (JSON-LD) found — Adding structured data helps search engines understand your content and can enable rich results. --- ## Infrastructure ### DNS Records (A+ — 95/100) *1 A records, 132 ms lookup* - **[PASS]** Resolves to 1 IPv4 address(es) - **[INFO]** Single A record — no DNS redundancy — Multiple A records provide failover if one server goes down. - **[INFO]** No IPv6 (AAAA) records - **[PASS]** 3 nameserver(s) configured - **[PASS]** 1 mail exchanger(s) configured - **[INFO]** CAA records not checked — CAA record lookup requires a specialized DNS resolver. This check will be available in a future update. - **[PASS]** SPF record present in TXT - **[PASS]** DNS resolution time: 132 ms ### Redirect Chain (A+ — 100/100) *No redirects — direct access* - **[PASS]** No redirects — direct access ### IPv6 Readiness (C — 60/100) *No IPv6 support* - **[INFO]** No IPv6 (AAAA) records found — IPv6 support is increasingly important for global accessibility. About 40% of internet users have IPv6 connectivity. ### Crawlability (A+ — 95/100) *robots.txt present, sitemap with 2 URLs* - **[PASS]** robots.txt is present - **[PASS]** sitemap.xml is present - **[PASS]** sitemap.xml is valid XML - **[PASS]** sitemap.xml contains 2 entries - **[PASS]** Sitemap index with 2 child sitemaps - **[INFO]** robots.txt does not reference a sitemap — Add a 'Sitemap:' directive to robots.txt so search engines can discover your sitemap. ### URL Variants (B — 75/100) *www/non-www, trailing slash, HTTP→HTTPS* - **[CRITICAL]** Both www and non-www versions serve content - **[PASS]** HTTP correctly 301-redirects to HTTPS ### Domain Intelligence (A+ — 100/100) *dukeupress.edu — 26 years, 9 months old, hosted on Microsoft Azure* - **[PASS]** Domain registered until Jul 31, 2026 (3 months remaining) - **[PASS]** Hosting: Microsoft Azure --- ## Compliance ### WCAG Compliance (A+ — 100/100) *No testable criteria* ### Cookie Consent & Privacy (B — 80/100) *No consent signals detected* - **[WARNING]** No privacy policy link detected — A privacy policy page is recommended for transparency and may be legally required. - **[INFO]** No terms of service link detected - **[INFO]** No cookie consent banner detected - **[INFO]** This is an automated check, not legal advice — BeaverCheck detects technical indicators of consent management. This does not constitute a legal compliance assessment. Consult a privacy professional for GDPR/CCPA compliance. ### Language & i18n (A — 90/100) *Lang attribute present* - **[PASS]** attribute is present - **[PASS]** value is valid - **[INFO]** No Content-Language HTTP header - **[INFO]** Language signals are inconsistent — The attribute and Content-Language header should agree. ### Readability & Typography (A+ — 100/100) *Font sizes and tap targets checked* ### Viewport Configuration (A+ — 100/100) *Viewport properly configured* - **[PASS]** Viewport meta tag is present - **[PASS]** width=device-width is set - **[PASS]** User zooming is allowed ### Third-Party Trackers (C — 55/100) *4 trackers detected* - **[INFO]** 4 third-party trackers detected — Found 3 analytics, 0 advertising, 0 marketing, 1 tag manager trackers. - **[WARNING]** Trackers detected but no cookie policy found — This page loads 4 trackers but no cookie policy was detected. GDPR requires disclosure when using tracking cookies. - **[WARNING]** Trackers detected but no privacy policy found — Most data protection regulations require a privacy policy when collecting user data via trackers. ### Cookie & Tracker Inventory (A+ — 100/100) *0 cookies · 4 trackers · 0 pre-consent* - **[INFO]** 4 third-party tracker(s) detected on page --- ## Legal ### Legal Page Ecosystem (B — 70/100) *3 of 7 expected legal pages detected* - **[PASS]** Privacy Policy detected — Found at /legal/privacy, linked from footer. - **[PASS]** Terms of Service detected — Found at /legal, linked from footer. - **[INFO]** Cookie Policy not detected — No link matching common Cookie Policy URL patterns or link text was found. Most websites are expected to have a Cookie Policy, especially those collecting user data. - **[PASS]** Accessibility Statement detected — Found at /legal/accessibility, linked from footer. - **[INFO]** DMCA / Copyright Notice not detected — No link matching common DMCA / Copyright Notice URL patterns or link text was found. Most websites are expected to have a DMCA / Copyright Notice, especially those collecting user data. - **[INFO]** Refund / Returns Policy not detected — No link matching common Refund / Returns Policy URL patterns or link text was found. Most websites are expected to have a Refund / Returns Policy, especially those collecting user data. - **[INFO]** Acceptable Use Policy not detected — No link matching common Acceptable Use Policy URL patterns or link text was found. Most websites are expected to have a Acceptable Use Policy, especially those collecting user data. ### Copyright Notice (C — 60/100) *© 2024 Duke University Press* - **[INFO]** Copyright year is 2024 (2 year(s) behind) — Copyright year is 2024 — 2 year(s) behind. While copyright protection doesn't depend on the year being current, an outdated notice may suggest the site is not actively maintained. Update to © 2026 or use a range like © 2024–2026. - **[PASS]** Copyright holder: Duke University Press ### Regulatory Indicators *3 regulatory indicator(s) detected* - **[INFO]** This is a technical scan, not a legal assessment — BeaverCheck detects technical indicators that may suggest regulatory relevance. This is not a compliance audit and should not be relied upon for legal decisions. Consult qualified legal counsel for compliance assessments. - **[INFO]** GDPR indicators detected (moderate confidence) — Indicators suggesting GDPR may be relevant: Privacy policy page found. EU General Data Protection Regulation — governs collection and processing of personal data of EU residents. - **[INFO]** ADA indicators detected (moderate confidence) — Indicators suggesting ADA may be relevant: Accessibility statement page found. Americans with Disabilities Act / Section 508 — requires digital accessibility for people with disabilities. - **[INFO]** HIPAA indicators detected (weak confidence) — Indicators suggesting HIPAA may be relevant: Text mentions: phi. Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act — protects sensitive patient health information. ### Third-Party Data Sharing *1 third-party service(s) detected* - **[INFO]** Data inventory for transparency purposes — This inventory identifies third-party services that receive data from your site visitors. Under regulations like GDPR (Article 30), maintaining records of data processing activities is commonly considered a best practice. This automated scan provides a starting point — it may not capture all data flows. - **[INFO]** 1 third-party services across 1 categories — 1 third-party services detected across 1 categories: Analytics (1). Each of these services receives some user data from your site visitors. - **[INFO]** Google Analytics (Analytics) — Detected via script URL. Typically collects: Page views, User behavior, Demographics, Device info, IP address. Privacy policy: https://policies.google.com/privacy. Data Processing Agreement available. ### Compliance Badges (C — 55/100) *0 compliance badge(s) detected* - **[INFO]** No compliance badges detected — No recognized compliance certification badges or seals were found. This is common — many sites do not display compliance badges. --- ## Availability ### CDN & Delivery (D — 50/100) *No CDN detected* - **[WARNING]** No CDN detected — A CDN can significantly improve load times for users around the world by caching content at edge nodes closer to them. ### HTTP Caching (F — 30/100) *No cache headers* - **[WARNING]** No Cache-Control header found — Browsers will use heuristic caching, which can be unpredictable. Set explicit cache headers. ### Transport Security (A — 90/100) *HTTP/3, HSTS, and TLS version analysis* - **[INFO]** HTTP/3 (QUIC) not advertised — HTTP/3 eliminates head-of-line blocking. If your CDN supports it, consider enabling it. - **[PASS]** HSTS enabled (includeSubDomains) - **[PASS]** TLS 1.3 in use (fastest handshake, 1-RTT) --- ## Accessibility ### Landmark Structure (B — 75/100) *5 landmarks* - **[PASS]**
landmark present - **[PASS]** 2