# BeaverCheck Audit Report — https://www.ruby-lang.org

**Date:** April 4, 2026  
**URL:** https://www.ruby-lang.org  
**Overall Grade:** C (72/100)  
**Report:** https://beavercheck.com/results/1f0e49c1-0260-48d6-afc1-ae48ec345a89

## Top Findings

1. **[CRITICAL]** Content-Security-Policy header is missing — Security > Security Headers
2. **[CRITICAL]** HSTS header is missing — Security > Security Headers
3. **[CRITICAL]** No Content-Security-Policy header found — Security > Content Security Policy
4. **[CRITICAL]** 1 button(s) with no accessible text — Accessibility > Link & Button Quality
5. **[CRITICAL]** No <main> landmark found — Accessibility > Landmark Structure

---

## Lighthouse Scores

| Category | Score |
|----------|-------|
| Performance | 54 |
| Accessibility | 88 |
| Best Practices | 100 |
| SEO | 100 |

---

## Security

### Security Headers (F — 10/100)

*2 of 10 headers properly configured*

- **[CRITICAL]** HSTS header is missing — Strict-Transport-Security forces browsers to use HTTPS, preventing downgrade attacks. Add the header with a max-age of at least 1 year.
- **[WARNING]** X-Content-Type-Options header is missing — This header prevents MIME-type sniffing, which can lead to XSS attacks. Set it to 'nosniff'.
- **[WARNING]** X-Frame-Options header is missing — This header prevents clickjacking by controlling who can embed your page in a frame. Set it to DENY or SAMEORIGIN.
- **[WARNING]** Referrer-Policy header is missing — Controls how much referrer information is sent with requests. Set to 'strict-origin-when-cross-origin' or stricter.
- **[WARNING]** Permissions-Policy header is missing — Controls which browser features (camera, microphone, geolocation) are allowed. Set it to restrict unused features.
- **[CRITICAL]** Content-Security-Policy header is missing — CSP is the most important header for preventing XSS attacks. See the CSP section for detailed analysis.
- **[WARNING]** Cross-Origin-Opener-Policy header is missing — COOP isolates your browsing context, preventing cross-origin side-channel attacks. Set to 'same-origin'.
- **[WARNING]** Cross-Origin-Embedder-Policy header is missing — COEP prevents loading cross-origin resources without explicit permission. Required for SharedArrayBuffer and high-resolution timers.
- **[PASS]** X-Powered-By header is not present
- **[PASS]** Server header is present without version info

### Content Security Policy (F — 0/100)

*No enforcing CSP policy found*

- **[CRITICAL]** No Content-Security-Policy header found — CSP is the most effective defense against XSS attacks. Add a Content-Security-Policy header to restrict resource loading.

### TLS & Certificates (A+ — 100/100)

*TLS 1.3, 7 checks passed*

- **[PASS]** TLS 1.3 is used
- **[PASS]** Strong cipher suite is used
- **[INFO]** HTTP/2 is not negotiated — HTTP/2 provides multiplexing and header compression for better performance.
- **[PASS]** Certificate is valid (expires in 51 days)
- **[PASS]** Certificate chain has 2 certificates
- **[PASS]** Certificate uses modern signature algorithm
- **[PASS]** Certificate covers 2 domain(s)
- **[PASS]** Certificate is issued by a trusted CA

### Cookie Security (A+ — 100/100)

*No cookies set — no cookie security risks*

- **[PASS]** No cookies set — no cookie security risks

---

## Advanced Security

### Subresource Integrity (F — 20/100)

*0 of 1 external resources have SRI*

- **[WARNING]** External link from fonts.googleapis.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code.

### JS Library Vulnerabilities (A+ — 100/100)

*No known vulnerabilities*

- **[PASS]** No known JavaScript library vulnerabilities detected

### Information Leakage (A+ — 100/100)

*No exposures*

- **[INFO]** No security.txt found — Consider adding a security.txt at /.well-known/security.txt.
- **[PASS]** No sensitive files exposed

### Email Security (F — 30/100)

*No DMARC*

- **[WARNING]** No DMARC record found — Without DMARC, email receivers have no policy for handling authentication failures.

### Permissions-Policy (D — 40/100)

*No header set*

- **[WARNING]** No Permissions-Policy header — Consider adding a Permissions-Policy header to restrict browser feature access from embedded content.

### CORS Configuration (C — 60/100)

*Origin: **

- **[INFO]** Access-Control-Allow-Origin: * — unrestricted — Any website can read this resource's response. Appropriate for public APIs but not for user-specific content.
- **[INFO]** Origin reflection not testable with a single request — Some servers reflect the request Origin header. This requires manual testing with a crafted Origin header.

---

## Performance

### Page Weight Budget (F — 25/100)

*3.1 MB transferred, 71 requests*

- **[WARNING]** Page weighs 4.0 MB (3.1 MB transferred)
- **[INFO]** Fonts are 2.3 MB — consider subsetting or using system fonts — Subset fonts to include only used characters, or switch to system font stacks.
- **[INFO]** 71 HTTP requests
- **[INFO]** Estimated 0.65 g CO2 per page load

### Third-Party Impact (D — 50/100)

*79% third-party, 0 ms blocking*

- **[WARNING]** Third-party code accounts for 79% of page weight (2.4 MiB of 3.1 MiB)
- **[PASS]** Third-party blocking time is low (0 ms)

### Text Compression (A+ — 100/100)

*All text resources are compressed*

- **[PASS]** All text resources are compressed

### Image Optimization (B — 70/100)

*44 images, 0 KB saveable*

- **[WARNING]** https://www.ruby-lang.org/images/footer/happy-hack... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift — Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.

### JS Execution Cost (D — 40/100)

*2815ms total JS execution*

- **[WARNING]** https://www.ruby-lang.org/en/: 1790ms CPU time
- **[WARNING]** Unattributable: 918ms CPU time
- **[INFO]** https://www.ruby-lang.org/javascripts/hero-animati...: 107ms CPU time
- **[INFO]** Third-party scripts: 918ms (33% of total)

### Font Loading (A+ — 100/100)

*15 fonts (2374 KB)*

- **[INFO]** 15 font(s) use font-display: swap (FOUT risk but functional)

### JS Bundles (A+ — 100/100)

*6 scripts, 0 KB unused*


### Resource Caching (A+ — 100/100)

*All resources properly cached*

- **[PASS]** No caching issues found

### Critical Rendering Path (A+ — 100/100)

*No render-blocking resources*

- **[PASS]** No render-blocking resources detected

### Resource Hints (A+ — 100/100)

*2 hints, 0 missing preconnects*

- **[PASS]** Page uses 2 resource hint(s)

---

## Content Quality

### Links (A — 90/100)

*120 links checked, 118 healthy, 2 broken*

- **[WARNING]** 118 of 120 links are healthy
- **[WARNING]** Broken link: https://fonts.googleapis.com — Found in <link href>. Returns HTTP 404.
- **[WARNING]** Broken link: https://fonts.gstatic.com — Found in <link href>. Returns HTTP 404.

### Mixed Content (A+ — 100/100)

*No mixed content detected — all resources use HTTPS.*

- **[PASS]** No mixed content detected — all resources use HTTPS

### Open Graph (A+ — 100/100)

*Open Graph tags are well configured for social sharing.*

- **[INFO]** og:description is short (26 characters) — Ideal length is 55–200 characters for social sharing previews.

### Structured Data (C — 40/100)

*No structured data (JSON-LD) found.*

- **[INFO]** No structured data (JSON-LD) found — Adding structured data helps search engines understand your content and can enable rich results.

---

## Infrastructure

### DNS Records (B — 80/100)

*4 A records, 30 ms lookup*

- **[PASS]** Resolves to 4 IPv4 address(es)
- **[PASS]** Has 4 IPv6 (AAAA) record(s)
- **[WARNING]** CNAME record at zone apex — A CNAME at the zone apex can break MX and NS records. Use ALIAS/ANAME or A records instead.
- **[INFO]** No NS records found
- **[INFO]** No MX records — email not configured via DNS
- **[INFO]** CAA records not checked — CAA record lookup requires a specialized DNS resolver. This check will be available in a future update.
- **[INFO]** No SPF record found in TXT records — SPF helps prevent email spoofing. Add a TXT record starting with 'v=spf1'.
- **[PASS]** DNS resolution time: 30 ms

### Redirect Chain (A+ — 100/100)

*No redirects — direct access*

- **[PASS]** No redirects — direct access

### IPv6 Readiness (A+ — 100/100)

*IPv6 reachable (1 ms)*

- **[PASS]** IPv6 is configured and reachable at 2606:50c0:8002::153, 2606:50c0:8003::153, 2606:50c0:8000::153, 2606:50c0:8001::153

### Crawlability (B — 75/100)

*no robots.txt, no sitemap*

- **[INFO]** No robots.txt found — robots.txt is optional but recommended. It tells search engine crawlers which pages to index.
- **[INFO]** No sitemap.xml found — A sitemap helps search engines discover and index your pages more efficiently.

### URL Variants (B — 75/100)

*www/non-www, trailing slash, HTTP→HTTPS*

- **[PASS]** www/non-www redirect configured correctly (preferred: www)
- **[CRITICAL]** HTTP version does not redirect to HTTPS

### Domain Intelligence (A+ — 100/100)

*ruby-lang.org — via Japan Registry Services Co., Ltd., 26 years, 11 months old, hosted on Fastly*

- **[PASS]** Domain registered until Sep 16, 2027 (1 years, 5 months remaining)
- **[INFO]** DNSSEC is not enabled — DNSSEC protects against DNS spoofing attacks. While not required, enabling DNSSEC adds an additional layer of security. Contact your DNS provider to enable it.
- **[PASS]** Registrar: Japan Registry Services Co., Ltd.
- **[PASS]** Hosting: Fastly

---

## Compliance

### WCAG Compliance (A+ — 100/100)

*No testable criteria*


### Cookie Consent & Privacy (B — 80/100)

*No consent signals detected*

- **[WARNING]** No privacy policy link detected — A privacy policy page is recommended for transparency and may be legally required.
- **[INFO]** No terms of service link detected
- **[INFO]** No cookie consent banner detected
- **[INFO]** This is an automated check, not legal advice — BeaverCheck detects technical indicators of consent management. This does not constitute a legal compliance assessment. Consult a privacy professional for GDPR/CCPA compliance.

### Language & i18n (A — 90/100)

*Lang attribute present*

- **[PASS]** <html lang> attribute is present
- **[PASS]** <html lang> value is valid
- **[INFO]** No Content-Language HTTP header
- **[INFO]** Language signals are inconsistent — The <html lang> attribute and Content-Language header should agree.

### Readability & Typography (A+ — 100/100)

*Font sizes and tap targets checked*


### Viewport Configuration (A+ — 100/100)

*Viewport properly configured*

- **[PASS]** Viewport meta tag is present
- **[PASS]** width=device-width is set
- **[PASS]** User zooming is allowed

---

## Legal

### Legal Page Ecosystem (F — 0/100)

*0 of 7 expected legal pages detected*

- **[WARNING]** Privacy Policy not detected — No link matching common Privacy Policy URL patterns or link text was found. Most websites are expected to have a Privacy Policy, especially those collecting user data.
- **[WARNING]** Terms of Service not detected — No link matching common Terms of Service URL patterns or link text was found. Most websites are expected to have a Terms of Service, especially those collecting user data.
- **[INFO]** Cookie Policy not detected — No link matching common Cookie Policy URL patterns or link text was found. Most websites are expected to have a Cookie Policy, especially those collecting user data.
- **[INFO]** Accessibility Statement not detected — No link matching common Accessibility Statement URL patterns or link text was found. Most websites are expected to have a Accessibility Statement, especially those collecting user data.
- **[INFO]** DMCA / Copyright Notice not detected — No link matching common DMCA / Copyright Notice URL patterns or link text was found. Most websites are expected to have a DMCA / Copyright Notice, especially those collecting user data.
- **[INFO]** Refund / Returns Policy not detected — No link matching common Refund / Returns Policy URL patterns or link text was found. Most websites are expected to have a Refund / Returns Policy, especially those collecting user data.
- **[INFO]** Acceptable Use Policy not detected — No link matching common Acceptable Use Policy URL patterns or link text was found. Most websites are expected to have a Acceptable Use Policy, especially those collecting user data.

### Copyright Notice (C — 55/100)

*No copyright notice detected*

- **[INFO]** No copyright notice detected — No copyright notice detected in the page content. While not legally required in most jurisdictions (copyright exists automatically), a notice is standard practice and signals site ownership.

### Regulatory Indicators

*1 regulatory indicator(s) detected*

- **[INFO]** This is a technical scan, not a legal assessment — BeaverCheck detects technical indicators that may suggest regulatory relevance. This is not a compliance audit and should not be relied upon for legal decisions. Consult qualified legal counsel for compliance assessments.
- **[INFO]** HIPAA indicators detected (weak confidence) — Indicators suggesting HIPAA may be relevant: Text mentions: phi. Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act — protects sensitive patient health information.

### Third-Party Data Sharing

*0 third-party service(s) detected*

- **[INFO]** Data inventory for transparency purposes — This inventory identifies third-party services that receive data from your site visitors. Under regulations like GDPR (Article 30), maintaining records of data processing activities is commonly considered a best practice. This automated scan provides a starting point — it may not capture all data flows.
- **[INFO]** No recognized third-party data-sharing services detected — This page does not appear to load external tracking, analytics, or advertising scripts.

### Compliance Badges (C — 55/100)

*0 compliance badge(s) detected*

- **[INFO]** No compliance badges detected — No recognized compliance certification badges or seals were found. This is common — many sites do not display compliance badges.

---

## Availability

### CDN & Delivery (A+ — 100/100)

*Fastly (HIT)*

- **[PASS]** Site is served via Fastly CDN
- **[PASS]** CDN cache status: HIT

### HTTP Caching (A+ — 100/100)

*max-age=600 (10 minutes)*

- **[PASS]** Cache-Control header is set
- **[PASS]** Effective TTL: 10 minutes (max-age=600)
- **[PASS]** ETag present — enables conditional (304) responses
- **[PASS]** Last-Modified header present

---

## Accessibility

### Landmark Structure (D — 50/100)

*5 landmarks*

- **[CRITICAL]** No <main> landmark found — Screen reader users cannot quickly navigate to the primary content. Wrap your main content in <main>.
- **[PASS]** 3 <nav> landmark(s) found
- **[WARNING]** 3 of 3 <nav> elements are unlabeled — Multiple navigations need aria-label to distinguish them for screen readers.
- **[WARNING]** Skip navigation link is missing (WCAG 2.4.1) — Add a skip link as the first focusable element so keyboard users can bypass repeated navigation.

### Heading Hierarchy (B — 75/100)

*18 headings*

- **[CRITICAL]** No H1 heading found — Every page should have one H1 that describes the page content.

### Alt Text Quality (A+ — 100/100)

*All 94 images OK*

- **[PASS]** 40 decorative image(s) correctly marked
- **[PASS]** 54 image(s) with good alt text

### Form Accessibility (A+ — 100/100)

*No form controls*

- **[PASS]** No form controls on this page

### Link & Button Quality (B — 78/100)

*1 issue(s) across 62 links and 3 buttons*

- **[WARNING]** 5 link(s) open in new tab without warning — Add '(opens in new tab)' to link text or aria-label.
- **[CRITICAL]** 1 button(s) with no accessible text
- **[PASS]** 57 link(s) with descriptive text

---

## UX

### 404 Error Page (B — 80/100)

*HTTP 404, custom page*

- **[PASS]** Correct 404 status code returned
- **[PASS]** Custom styled 404 page
- **[PASS]** Navigation links present on 404 page
- **[PASS]** Homepage link present on 404 page

### Favicon & Branding (B — 70/100)

*4 icon(s) detected*

- **[PASS]** favicon.ico present at site root
- **[PASS]** HTML icon links detected
- **[PASS]** Apple touch icon present
- **[PASS]** Multiple icon sizes detected

### Web Manifest (D — 40/100)

*Not found*

- **[INFO]** No web manifest found — No manifest at standard paths (/manifest.json, /site.webmanifest). A manifest is optional but enables PWA features like home screen installation and standalone display.

### Dark Mode Support (B — 70/100)

*Dark mode detected*

- **[PASS]** prefers-color-scheme CSS detected in inline styles
- **[INFO]** Detection limited to meta tags and inline styles — External CSS files may contain prefers-color-scheme rules not visible to this scan.

### Print Stylesheet (D — 40/100)

*No print styles*

- **[INFO]** No print-specific styles detected — When users print this page, they get the screen layout including navigation and non-essential elements. Add @media print rules to hide navigation and optimize layout for paper.

### Navigation UX (F — 15/100)

*No navigation patterns*

- **[PASS]** 3 navigation landmark(s) detected
- **[INFO]** No breadcrumbs, search, or skip link detected — These navigation aids help users orient themselves and find content efficiently, especially on large sites.

---

## SEO

### Canonical URL (A — 90/100)

*Minor issues*

- **[PASS]** Canonical tag present
- **[WARNING]** Canonical does not match final URL (https://www.ruby-lang.org)
- **[PASS]** Canonical target returns 200

### Meta Tags (A — 90/100)

*Title: 25 chars*

- **[PASS]** Page title is set
- **[WARNING]** Title is only 25 characters — consider expanding

### Content Depth (B — 80/100)

*976 words, Fairly Difficult*

- **[PASS]** Page has 976 words of content
- **[INFO]** Reading level: Fairly Difficult (grade 8)

### Internal Links (A+ — 100/100)

*57 internal, 5 external*

- **[PASS]** 57 internal links (92%)
- **[PASS]** 100% of links use descriptive anchor text
- **[INFO]** 57 internal / 5 external links

### Image SEO (B — 80/100)

*94 images, 44 descriptive filenames*

- **[WARNING]** 53% of images have non-descriptive filenames — Search engines use filenames as a signal. Rename to descriptive names like 'team-photo.jpg'.

### Hreflang

*0 hreflang tags*


---

## Sustainability

### CO2 Per Page Load (B — 70/100)

*0.73g CO2 per view*

- **[INFO]** 0.73g CO2 per page view — This page transfers 3.1 MB, producing an estimated 0.73g of CO2 per visit using the Sustainable Web Design model (v4). Breakdown: data center 0.02g, network 0.15g, end-user device 0.56g.
- **[INFO]** At 10,000 monthly views: 87.5 kg CO2/year — With 10,000 page views per month, this page would generate approximately 87.5 kg of CO2 annually — equivalent to charging 10938 smartphones.
- **[PASS]** Green hosting reduces data center emissions

### Green Hosting (A+ — 100/100)

*Green (both)*

- **[PASS]** Both hosting and CDN use renewable energy
- **[INFO]** GitHub Pages: Hosted on Azure/GitHub with Microsoft carbon-negative commitment
- **[INFO]** Fastly: 100% renewable energy for edge network
- **[INFO]** Green hosting status based on known provider commitments — Green hosting detection uses a curated database of provider renewable energy commitments. This is not a real-time verification. For authoritative checks, visit thegreenwebfoundation.org.

### Repeat Visit Weight (A+ — 100/100)

*100% cached*

- **[PASS]** 100% reduction on repeat visits — Returning visitors download only 13 KB (vs 3155 KB first visit). 69 of 71 resources are served from browser cache, saving 0.73g CO2 per repeat visit.
- **[INFO]** Repeat visit: 0.00g CO2 (first visit: 0.73g)

### Carbon Budget (D — 50/100)

*53th percentile*

- **[WARNING]** 0.73g CO2 — above the median website (0.60g) — Heavier than an estimated 47% of websites. Reducing page weight, optimizing images, and removing unused JavaScript would lower the carbon footprint. See the Performance tab.
- **[INFO]** Estimated 53th percentile — Compared to: top 10% = 0.20g, target = 0.50g, median = 0.60g per page view.

### Transfer Efficiency (A+ — 100/100)

*100% efficient*

- **[PASS]** Transfer efficiency: 100% — Only 0 KB of potential savings identified. Your page is well-optimized for size.

---

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*Generated by [BeaverCheck](https://beavercheck.com) — https://beavercheck.com/results/1f0e49c1-0260-48d6-afc1-ae48ec345a89*
