# BeaverCheck Audit Report — https://codesandbox.io

**Date:** April 7, 2026  
**URL:** https://codesandbox.io  
**Overall Grade:** C (76/100)  
**Report:** https://beavercheck.com/results/40247afa-7664-2e18-7e11-1e79b161ef4f

## Top Findings

1. **[CRITICAL]** /.env is publicly accessible — Security > Information Leakage
2. **[CRITICAL]** Content-Security-Policy header is missing — Security > Security Headers
3. **[CRITICAL]** HSTS header is missing — Security > Security Headers
4. **[CRITICAL]** No Content-Security-Policy header found — Security > Content Security Policy
5. **[CRITICAL]** No <main> landmark found — Accessibility > Landmark Structure

---

## Lighthouse Scores

| Category | Score |
|----------|-------|
| Performance | 54 |
| Accessibility | 95 |
| Best Practices | 77 |
| SEO | 92 |

---

## Security

### Security Headers (F — 5/100)

*1 of 10 headers properly configured*

- **[CRITICAL]** HSTS header is missing — Strict-Transport-Security forces browsers to use HTTPS, preventing downgrade attacks. Add the header with a max-age of at least 1 year.
- **[WARNING]** X-Content-Type-Options header is missing — This header prevents MIME-type sniffing, which can lead to XSS attacks. Set it to 'nosniff'.
- **[WARNING]** X-Frame-Options header is missing — This header prevents clickjacking by controlling who can embed your page in a frame. Set it to DENY or SAMEORIGIN.
- **[WARNING]** Referrer-Policy header is missing — Controls how much referrer information is sent with requests. Set to 'strict-origin-when-cross-origin' or stricter.
- **[WARNING]** Permissions-Policy header is missing — Controls which browser features (camera, microphone, geolocation) are allowed. Set it to restrict unused features.
- **[CRITICAL]** Content-Security-Policy header is missing — CSP is the most important header for preventing XSS attacks. See the CSP section for detailed analysis.
- **[WARNING]** Cross-Origin-Opener-Policy header is missing — COOP isolates your browsing context, preventing cross-origin side-channel attacks. Set to 'same-origin'.
- **[WARNING]** Cross-Origin-Embedder-Policy header is missing — COEP prevents loading cross-origin resources without explicit permission. Required for SharedArrayBuffer and high-resolution timers.
- **[WARNING]** X-Powered-By header reveals technology stack — This header discloses server technology (e.g. Express, PHP), helping attackers target known vulnerabilities. Remove it.
- **[PASS]** Server header is present without version info

### Content Security Policy (F — 0/100)

*No enforcing CSP policy found*

- **[CRITICAL]** No Content-Security-Policy header found — CSP is the most effective defense against XSS attacks. Add a Content-Security-Policy header to restrict resource loading.

### TLS & Certificates (A+ — 100/100)

*TLS 1.3, 7 checks passed*

- **[PASS]** TLS 1.3 is used
- **[PASS]** Strong cipher suite is used
- **[INFO]** HTTP/2 is not negotiated — HTTP/2 provides multiplexing and header compression for better performance.
- **[PASS]** Certificate is valid (expires in 84 days)
- **[PASS]** Certificate chain has 2 certificates
- **[PASS]** Certificate uses modern signature algorithm
- **[PASS]** Certificate covers 2 domain(s)
- **[PASS]** Certificate is issued by a trusted CA

### Cookie Security (A+ — 95/100)

*2 cookies analyzed, 5 checks passed*

- **[PASS]** Cookie '__cf_bm' has the Secure flag
- **[PASS]** Cookie '__cf_bm' has the HttpOnly flag
- **[WARNING]** Cookie '__cf_bm' has no SameSite attribute — Without an explicit SameSite attribute, browser default behavior varies. Set SameSite=Lax or Strict.
- **[PASS]** Cookie '_cfuvid' has the Secure flag
- **[PASS]** Cookie '_cfuvid' has the HttpOnly flag
- **[PASS]** Cookie '_cfuvid' has SameSite=None

---

## Advanced Security

### Subresource Integrity (A+ — 100/100)

*1 of 1 external resources have SRI*

- **[PASS]** script from static.cloudflareinsights.com has SRI protection

### JS Library Vulnerabilities (A+ — 100/100)

*No known vulnerabilities*

- **[PASS]** No known JavaScript library vulnerabilities detected

### Information Leakage (B — 70/100)

*Critical exposure detected*

- **[CRITICAL]** /.env is publicly accessible — Configuration file is accessible from the web. This may expose database credentials, API keys, or other secrets.
- **[PASS]** security.txt is present — good practice

### Email Security (A — 85/100)

*DMARC: quarantine*

- **[PASS]** DMARC policy is quarantine — good protection

### Permissions-Policy (D — 40/100)

*No header set*

- **[WARNING]** No Permissions-Policy header — Consider adding a Permissions-Policy header to restrict browser feature access from embedded content.

### CORS Configuration (B — 80/100)

*No CORS headers*

- **[PASS]** No CORS headers present — secure default

---

## Performance

### Page Weight Budget (F — 5/100)

*3.8 MB transferred, 58 requests*

- **[WARNING]** Page weighs 5.5 MB (3.8 MB transferred)
- **[INFO]** Fonts are 3.0 MB — consider subsetting or using system fonts — Subset fonts to include only used characters, or switch to system font stacks.
- **[WARNING]** JavaScript is 637 KB — consider code splitting or lazy loading — Large JavaScript bundles delay interactivity. Split code by route or defer non-critical scripts.
- **[INFO]** 58 HTTP requests
- **[INFO]** Estimated 0.79 g CO2 per page load

### Third-Party Impact (A+ — 100/100)

*2% third-party, 0 ms blocking*

- **[INFO]** Third-party code accounts for 2% of page weight (58.8 KiB of 3.8 MiB)
- **[PASS]** Third-party blocking time is low (0 ms)

### Text Compression (A+ — 100/100)

*All text resources are compressed*

- **[PASS]** All text resources are compressed

### Image Optimization (B — 75/100)

*18 images, 0 KB saveable*

- **[PASS]** All images are well-optimized

### JS Execution Cost (F — 20/100)

*5658ms total JS execution*

- **[WARNING]** https://codesandbox.io/: 2715ms CPU time
- **[WARNING]** https://codesandbox.io/_next/static/chunks/7157-f1...: 837ms CPU time
- **[WARNING]** https://codesandbox.io/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/...: 501ms CPU time
- **[WARNING]** https://codesandbox.io/_next/static/chunks/3a1fbd1...: 469ms CPU time
- **[WARNING]** Unattributable: 414ms CPU time
- **[INFO]** Third-party scripts: 621ms (11% of total)

### Font Loading (A+ — 100/100)

*3 fonts (3089 KB)*

- **[INFO]** 3 font(s) use font-display: swap (FOUT risk but functional)

### JS Bundles (D — 40/100)

*26 scripts, 317 KB unused*

- **[WARNING]** https://codesandbox.io/_next/static/chunks/9230-85...: 85 KB unused (96%) — Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code.
- **[WARNING]** https://codesandbox.io/_next/static/chunks/9331-ab...: 69 KB unused (55%) — Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code.
- **[WARNING]** https://codesandbox.io/_next/static/chunks/ec0da94...: 45 KB unused (90%) — Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code.
- **[WARNING]** https://codesandbox.io/_next/static/chunks/2409-a2...: 36 KB unused (73%) — Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code.
- **[WARNING]** https://codesandbox.io/_next/static/chunks/ef9c525...: 34 KB unused (77%) — Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code.
- **[INFO]** Total unused JavaScript: 317 KB

### Resource Caching (A+ — 100/100)

*All resources properly cached*

- **[PASS]** No caching issues found

### Critical Rendering Path (A+ — 100/100)

*No render-blocking resources*

- **[PASS]** No render-blocking resources detected

### Resource Hints (A+ — 100/100)

*2 hints, 0 missing preconnects*

- **[PASS]** Page uses 2 resource hint(s)

### Render-Blocking Resources (A+ — 100/100)

*No render-blocking resources detected*

- **[PASS]** No render-blocking resources detected in <head>

### Third-Party Resources (A+ — 100/100)

*No third-party resources detected*


---

## Content Quality

### Links (A — 95/100)

*100 links checked, 99 healthy, 1 broken*

- **[WARNING]** 99 of 100 links are healthy
- **[CRITICAL]** Broken link: https://www.codesandbox.community/ — Found in <a href>. Get "https://www.codesandbox.community/": remote error: tls: handshake failure

### Mixed Content (A+ — 100/100)

*No mixed content detected — all resources use HTTPS.*

- **[PASS]** No mixed content detected — all resources use HTTPS

### Open Graph (A+ — 100/100)

*Open Graph tags are well configured for social sharing.*


### Structured Data (C — 40/100)

*No structured data (JSON-LD) found.*

- **[INFO]** No structured data (JSON-LD) found — Adding structured data helps search engines understand your content and can enable rich results.

---

## Infrastructure

### DNS Records (A+ — 100/100)

*2 A records, 32 ms lookup*

- **[PASS]** Resolves to 2 IPv4 address(es)
- **[PASS]** Has 2 IPv6 (AAAA) record(s)
- **[PASS]** 2 nameserver(s) configured
- **[PASS]** 5 mail exchanger(s) configured
- **[INFO]** CAA records not checked — CAA record lookup requires a specialized DNS resolver. This check will be available in a future update.
- **[PASS]** SPF record present in TXT
- **[PASS]** DNS resolution time: 32 ms

### Redirect Chain (A+ — 100/100)

*No redirects — direct access*

- **[PASS]** No redirects — direct access

### IPv6 Readiness (A+ — 100/100)

*IPv6 reachable (17 ms)*

- **[PASS]** IPv6 is configured and reachable at 2a06:98c1:3103::ac40:90f7, 2a06:98c1:310a::6812:2b09

### Crawlability (A+ — 95/100)

*robots.txt present, sitemap with 1 URLs*

- **[PASS]** robots.txt is present
- **[PASS]** sitemap.xml is present
- **[PASS]** sitemap.xml is valid XML
- **[PASS]** sitemap.xml contains 1 entries
- **[PASS]** Sitemap index with 1 child sitemaps
- **[INFO]** robots.txt does not reference a sitemap — Add a 'Sitemap:' directive to robots.txt so search engines can discover your sitemap.

### URL Variants (A+ — 100/100)

*www/non-www, trailing slash, HTTP→HTTPS*

- **[PASS]** www/non-www redirect configured correctly (preferred: non-www)
- **[PASS]** HTTP correctly 301-redirects to HTTPS

### Domain Intelligence (A+ — 100/100)

*codesandbox.io — via NameCheap, Inc., 9 years, 6 months old*

- **[PASS]** Domain registered until Nov 23, 2029 (3 years, 8 months remaining)
- **[PASS]** Registrar: NameCheap, Inc.

---

## Compliance

### WCAG Compliance (A+ — 100/100)

*No testable criteria*


### Cookie Consent & Privacy (B — 80/100)

*No consent signals detected*

- **[WARNING]** No privacy policy link detected — A privacy policy page is recommended for transparency and may be legally required.
- **[INFO]** No terms of service link detected
- **[INFO]** No cookie consent banner detected
- **[PASS]** 2 cookie(s) set on initial load (functional)
- **[INFO]** This is an automated check, not legal advice — BeaverCheck detects technical indicators of consent management. This does not constitute a legal compliance assessment. Consult a privacy professional for GDPR/CCPA compliance.

### Language & i18n (A — 90/100)

*Lang attribute present*

- **[PASS]** <html lang> attribute is present
- **[PASS]** <html lang> value is valid
- **[INFO]** No Content-Language HTTP header
- **[INFO]** Language signals are inconsistent — The <html lang> attribute and Content-Language header should agree.

### Readability & Typography (A+ — 100/100)

*Font sizes and tap targets checked*


### Viewport Configuration (A+ — 100/100)

*Viewport properly configured*

- **[PASS]** Viewport meta tag is present
- **[PASS]** width=device-width is set
- **[PASS]** User zooming is allowed

### Third-Party Trackers (C — 55/100)

*1 trackers detected*

- **[INFO]** 1 third-party trackers detected — Found 1 analytics, 0 advertising, 0 marketing, 0 tag manager trackers.
- **[WARNING]** Trackers detected but no cookie policy found — This page loads 1 trackers but no cookie policy was detected. GDPR requires disclosure when using tracking cookies.
- **[WARNING]** Trackers detected but no privacy policy found — Most data protection regulations require a privacy policy when collecting user data via trackers.

---

## Legal

### Legal Page Ecosystem (F — 30/100)

*1 of 7 expected legal pages detected*

- **[WARNING]** Privacy Policy not detected — No link matching common Privacy Policy URL patterns or link text was found. Most websites are expected to have a Privacy Policy, especially those collecting user data.
- **[PASS]** Terms of Service detected — Found at /legal/terms, linked from footer.
- **[INFO]** Cookie Policy not detected — No link matching common Cookie Policy URL patterns or link text was found. Most websites are expected to have a Cookie Policy, especially those collecting user data.
- **[INFO]** Accessibility Statement not detected — No link matching common Accessibility Statement URL patterns or link text was found. Most websites are expected to have a Accessibility Statement, especially those collecting user data.
- **[INFO]** DMCA / Copyright Notice not detected — No link matching common DMCA / Copyright Notice URL patterns or link text was found. Most websites are expected to have a DMCA / Copyright Notice, especially those collecting user data.
- **[INFO]** Refund / Returns Policy not detected — No link matching common Refund / Returns Policy URL patterns or link text was found. Most websites are expected to have a Refund / Returns Policy, especially those collecting user data.
- **[INFO]** Acceptable Use Policy not detected — No link matching common Acceptable Use Policy URL patterns or link text was found. Most websites are expected to have a Acceptable Use Policy, especially those collecting user data.

### Copyright Notice (A+ — 100/100)

*© 2026 CodeSandbox BV*

- **[PASS]** Copyright notice is up to date — Copyright notice is up to date: © 2026 CodeSandbox BV
- **[PASS]** Copyright holder: CodeSandbox BV

### Regulatory Indicators

*2 regulatory indicator(s) detected*

- **[INFO]** This is a technical scan, not a legal assessment — BeaverCheck detects technical indicators that may suggest regulatory relevance. This is not a compliance audit and should not be relied upon for legal decisions. Consult qualified legal counsel for compliance assessments.
- **[INFO]** GDPR indicators detected (moderate confidence) — Indicators suggesting GDPR may be relevant: Privacy policy page found. EU General Data Protection Regulation — governs collection and processing of personal data of EU residents.
- **[INFO]** HIPAA indicators detected (weak confidence) — Indicators suggesting HIPAA may be relevant: Text mentions: phi. Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act — protects sensitive patient health information.

### Third-Party Data Sharing

*1 third-party service(s) detected*

- **[INFO]** Data inventory for transparency purposes — This inventory identifies third-party services that receive data from your site visitors. Under regulations like GDPR (Article 30), maintaining records of data processing activities is commonly considered a best practice. This automated scan provides a starting point — it may not capture all data flows.
- **[INFO]** 1 third-party services across 1 categories — 1 third-party services detected across 1 categories: CDN (1). Each of these services receives some user data from your site visitors.
- **[INFO]** Cloudflare (CDN) — Detected via cookie name. Typically collects: IP address (transient), Request metadata. Privacy policy: https://www.cloudflare.com/privacypolicy/. Data Processing Agreement available.

### Compliance Badges (B — 70/100)

*1 compliance badge(s) detected*

- **[PASS]** TRUSTe / TrustArc badge detected — Found via body text: 'truste'. Note: the presence of a badge does not verify the certification is current or valid.

---

## Availability

### CDN & Delivery (A — 85/100)

*Cloudflare (DYNAMIC)*

- **[PASS]** Site is served via Cloudflare CDN (edge: CDG)
- **[INFO]** CDN cache status: DYNAMIC

### HTTP Caching (B — 75/100)

*s-maxage=31536000, stale-while-revalidate*

- **[PASS]** Cache-Control header is set
- **[PASS]** CDN TTL: 52 weeks (s-maxage=31536000)
- **[INFO]** No ETag or Last-Modified header — Conditional requests (304 Not Modified) are not possible without validators.

### Transport Security (A — 85/100)

*HTTP/3, HSTS, and TLS version analysis*

- **[PASS]** HTTP/3 (QUIC) supported — The server advertises HTTP/3 via Alt-Svc for faster connections on mobile networks.
- **[WARNING]** Missing Strict-Transport-Security header — HSTS tells browsers to only use HTTPS, preventing SSL stripping attacks.
- **[PASS]** TLS 1.3 in use (fastest handshake, 1-RTT)

---

## Accessibility

### Landmark Structure (D — 50/100)

*4 landmarks*

- **[CRITICAL]** No <main> landmark found — Screen reader users cannot quickly navigate to the primary content. Wrap your main content in <main>.
- **[PASS]** 2 <nav> landmark(s) found
- **[WARNING]** 2 of 2 <nav> elements are unlabeled — Multiple navigations need aria-label to distinguish them for screen readers.
- **[WARNING]** Skip navigation link is missing (WCAG 2.4.1) — Add a skip link as the first focusable element so keyboard users can bypass repeated navigation.

### Heading Hierarchy (B — 70/100)

*22 headings, 2 skip(s)*

- **[PASS]** Single H1 present
- **[WARNING]** Heading level skipped: H2 → H4 (missing H3) — Skipping heading levels breaks the document outline. Screen readers may interpret missing levels as structural errors.
- **[WARNING]** Heading level skipped: H2 → H4 (missing H3) — Skipping heading levels breaks the document outline. Screen readers may interpret missing levels as structural errors.

### Alt Text Quality (A — 85/100)

*40 of 64 images have issues*

- **[WARNING]** 40 image(s) with generic alt text
- **[PASS]** 24 image(s) with good alt text

### Form Accessibility (A+ — 100/100)

*No form controls*

- **[PASS]** No form controls on this page

### Link & Button Quality (B — 83/100)

*1 issue(s) across 59 links and 0 buttons*

- **[WARNING]** 1 link(s) with generic text — Generic link text like 'click here' doesn't describe the destination.
- **[WARNING]** 16 link(s) open in new tab without warning — Add '(opens in new tab)' to link text or aria-label.
- **[PASS]** 42 link(s) with descriptive text

---

## UX

### 404 Error Page (F — 20/100)

*Soft 404 detected*

- **[CRITICAL]** Soft 404: server returns HTTP 200 for non-existent pages — The server returns HTTP 200 for a path that does not exist. Search engines will index these pages, diluting your real content. Configure your server to return a proper 404 status code for missing pages.

### Favicon & Branding (C — 65/100)

*11 icon(s) detected*

- **[PASS]** favicon.ico present at site root
- **[PASS]** HTML icon links detected
- **[INFO]** No apple-touch-icon detected — iOS devices use this when users add your site to their home screen. Add <link rel='apple-touch-icon' sizes='180x180' href='/apple-touch-icon.png'>.
- **[PASS]** Multiple icon sizes detected

### Web Manifest (B — 80/100)

*Valid manifest*

- **[PASS]** Name present: CodeSandbox
- **[WARNING]** No 192x192 icon — A 192px icon is required for PWA installation.
- **[PASS]** 512x512 icon present
- **[PASS]** Display mode: standalone

### Dark Mode Support (D — 40/100)

*No dark mode signals*

- **[INFO]** No dark mode signals detected — Consider adding CSS with @media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) and <meta name='color-scheme' content='light dark'>.
- **[INFO]** Detection limited to meta tags and inline styles — External CSS files may contain prefers-color-scheme rules not visible to this scan.

### Print Stylesheet (D — 40/100)

*No print styles*

- **[INFO]** No print-specific styles detected — When users print this page, they get the screen layout including navigation and non-essential elements. Add @media print rules to hide navigation and optimize layout for paper.

### Navigation UX (F — 15/100)

*No navigation patterns*

- **[PASS]** 2 navigation landmark(s) detected
- **[INFO]** No breadcrumbs, search, or skip link detected — These navigation aids help users orient themselves and find content efficiently, especially on large sites.

---

## SEO

### Canonical URL (B — 80/100)

*Minor issues*

- **[WARNING]** No canonical tag found — Search engines will determine the canonical URL themselves, which may cause duplicate content issues.

### Meta Tags (A+ — 95/100)

*Title optimized*

- **[PASS]** Page title is set
- **[PASS]** Title length (51 chars) is optimal
- **[INFO]** Title and H1 have very different wording — Alignment helps users confirm they've reached the right page.

### Content Depth (C — 65/100)

*907 words, Difficult*

- **[PASS]** Page has 907 words of content
- **[INFO]** Text-to-HTML ratio is 1% — Very low ratio suggests heavy framework overhead or boilerplate.
- **[INFO]** Reading level: Difficult (grade 10)

### Internal Links (A+ — 100/100)

*50 internal, 9 external*

- **[PASS]** 50 internal links (85%)
- **[PASS]** 98% of links use descriptive anchor text
- **[INFO]** 50 internal / 9 external links

### Image SEO (B — 80/100)

*64 images, 9 descriptive filenames*

- **[WARNING]** 86% of images have non-descriptive filenames — Search engines use filenames as a signal. Rename to descriptive names like 'team-photo.jpg'.

### Hreflang

*0 hreflang tags*


---

## Sustainability

### CO2 Per Page Load (D — 50/100)

*0.89g CO2 per view*

- **[INFO]** 0.89g CO2 per page view — This page transfers 3.8 MB, producing an estimated 0.89g of CO2 per visit using the Sustainable Web Design model (v4). Breakdown: data center 0.02g, network 0.18g, end-user device 0.68g.
- **[INFO]** At 10,000 monthly views: 106.8 kg CO2/year — With 10,000 page views per month, this page would generate approximately 106.8 kg of CO2 annually — equivalent to charging 13347 smartphones.
- **[PASS]** Green hosting reduces data center emissions

### Green Hosting (A+ — 100/100)

*Green (both)*

- **[PASS]** Both hosting and CDN use renewable energy
- **[INFO]** Google Cloud: Verified by the Green Web Foundation
- **[INFO]** Cloudflare: 100% renewable energy for global network since 2019
- **[INFO]** Green hosting status based on known provider commitments — Green hosting detection uses a curated database of provider renewable energy commitments. This is not a real-time verification. For authoritative checks, visit thegreenwebfoundation.org.

### Repeat Visit Weight (A+ — 100/100)

*99% cached*

- **[PASS]** 99% reduction on repeat visits — Returning visitors download only 37 KB (vs 3849 KB first visit). 57 of 58 resources are served from browser cache, saving 0.88g CO2 per repeat visit.
- **[INFO]** Repeat visit: 0.01g CO2 (first visit: 0.89g)

### Carbon Budget (D — 50/100)

*58th percentile*

- **[WARNING]** 0.89g CO2 — above the median website (0.60g) — Heavier than an estimated 42% of websites. Reducing page weight, optimizing images, and removing unused JavaScript would lower the carbon footprint. See the Performance tab.
- **[INFO]** Estimated 58th percentile — Compared to: top 10% = 0.20g, target = 0.50g, median = 0.60g per page view.

### Transfer Efficiency (A+ — 100/100)

*92% efficient*

- **[PASS]** Transfer efficiency: 92% — Only 317 KB of potential savings identified. Your page is well-optimized for size.

---

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*Generated by [BeaverCheck](https://beavercheck.com) — https://beavercheck.com/results/40247afa-7664-2e18-7e11-1e79b161ef4f*
