# BeaverCheck Audit Report — https://zhihu.com **Date:** April 16, 2026 **URL:** https://zhihu.com **Overall Grade:** D (68/100) **Report:** https://beavercheck.com/results/4a8d5ece-0e0b-49a0-a669-333459b974fd ## Top Findings 1. **[CRITICAL]** Content-Security-Policy header is missing — Security > Security Headers 2. **[CRITICAL]** HSTS header is missing — Security > Security Headers 3. **[CRITICAL]** No Content-Security-Policy header found — Security > Content Security Policy 4. **[CRITICAL]** 1 image-in-link without alt text — Accessibility > Alt Text Quality 5. **[CRITICAL]** 2 image(s) missing alt attribute — Accessibility > Alt Text Quality --- ## Lighthouse Scores | Category | Score | |----------|-------| | Performance | 31 | | Accessibility | 71 | | Best Practices | 77 | | SEO | 92 | --- ## Security ### Security Headers (F — 35/100) *4 of 10 headers properly configured* - **[CRITICAL]** HSTS header is missing — Strict-Transport-Security forces browsers to use HTTPS, preventing downgrade attacks. Add the header with a max-age of at least 1 year. - **[PASS]** X-Content-Type-Options is properly configured - **[PASS]** X-Frame-Options is properly configured - **[PASS]** Referrer-Policy is properly configured - **[WARNING]** Permissions-Policy header is missing — Controls which browser features (camera, microphone, geolocation) are allowed. Set it to restrict unused features. - **[CRITICAL]** Content-Security-Policy header is missing — CSP is the most important header for preventing XSS attacks. See the CSP section for detailed analysis. - **[WARNING]** Cross-Origin-Opener-Policy header is missing — COOP isolates your browsing context, preventing cross-origin side-channel attacks. Set to 'same-origin'. - **[WARNING]** Cross-Origin-Embedder-Policy header is missing — COEP prevents loading cross-origin resources without explicit permission. Required for SharedArrayBuffer and high-resolution timers. - **[PASS]** X-Powered-By header is not present - **[WARNING]** Server header reveals version information — The Server header discloses the software version, aiding attackers in targeting known vulnerabilities. Remove the version number. ### Content Security Policy (F — 0/100) *No enforcing CSP policy found* - **[CRITICAL]** No Content-Security-Policy header found — CSP is the most effective defense against XSS attacks. Add a Content-Security-Policy header to restrict resource loading. ### TLS & Certificates (A+ — 100/100) *TLS 1.2, 7 checks passed* - **[PASS]** TLS 1.2 is used - **[INFO]** TLS 1.3 is not negotiated — TLS 1.3 offers improved performance and security. Consider enabling it. - **[PASS]** Strong cipher suite is used - **[INFO]** HTTP/2 is not negotiated — HTTP/2 provides multiplexing and header compression for better performance. - **[PASS]** Certificate is valid (expires in 238 days) - **[PASS]** Certificate chain has 3 certificates - **[PASS]** Certificate uses modern signature algorithm - **[PASS]** Certificate covers 2 domain(s) - **[PASS]** Certificate is issued by a trusted CA ### Cookie Security (A+ — 95/100) *1 cookies analyzed, 2 checks passed* - **[PASS]** Cookie 'tgw_l7_route' has the Secure flag - **[WARNING]** Cookie 'tgw_l7_route' is missing the HttpOnly flag — Without HttpOnly, this cookie can be accessed by JavaScript, making it vulnerable to XSS-based theft. - **[PASS]** Cookie 'tgw_l7_route' has SameSite=None --- ## Advanced Security ### Subresource Integrity (F — 20/100) *0 of 26 external resources have SRI* - **[WARNING]** External link from static.zhihu.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code. - **[WARNING]** External link from static.zhihu.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code. - **[WARNING]** External link from static.zhihu.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code. - **[WARNING]** External link from static.zhihu.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code. - **[WARNING]** External script from unpkg.zhimg.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code. - **[WARNING]** External script from static.zhihu.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code. - **[WARNING]** External script from static.zhihu.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code. - **[WARNING]** External script from static.zhihu.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code. - **[WARNING]** External script from static.zhihu.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code. - **[WARNING]** External script from static.zhihu.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code. - **[WARNING]** External script from static.zhihu.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code. - **[WARNING]** External script from static.zhihu.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code. - **[WARNING]** External script from static.zhihu.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code. - **[WARNING]** External script from static.zhihu.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code. - **[WARNING]** External script from static.zhihu.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code. - **[WARNING]** External script from static.zhihu.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code. - **[WARNING]** External script from static.zhihu.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code. - **[WARNING]** External script from static.zhihu.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code. - **[WARNING]** External script from static.zhihu.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code. - **[WARNING]** External script from static.zhihu.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code. - **[WARNING]** External script from static.zhihu.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code. - **[WARNING]** External script from static.zhihu.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code. - **[WARNING]** External script from hm.baidu.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code. - **[WARNING]** External link from unpkg.zhimg.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code. - **[WARNING]** External script from unpkg.zhimg.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code. - **[WARNING]** External script from cstaticdun.126.net lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code. ### JS Library Vulnerabilities (A+ — 100/100) *No known vulnerabilities* - **[PASS]** No known JavaScript library vulnerabilities detected ### Information Leakage (A+ — 100/100) *No exposures* - **[INFO]** No security.txt found — Consider adding a security.txt at /.well-known/security.txt. - **[PASS]** No sensitive files exposed ### Email Security (A — 85/100) *DMARC: quarantine* - **[PASS]** DMARC policy is quarantine — good protection ### Permissions-Policy (D — 40/100) *No header set* - **[WARNING]** No Permissions-Policy header — Consider adding a Permissions-Policy header to restrict browser feature access from embedded content. ### CORS Configuration (B — 80/100) *No CORS headers* - **[PASS]** No CORS headers present — secure default --- ## Performance ### Page Weight Budget (F — 19/100) *3.3 MB transferred, 120 requests* - **[WARNING]** Page weighs 9.3 MB (3.3 MB transferred) - **[WARNING]** JavaScript is 2.1 MB — consider code splitting or lazy loading — Large JavaScript bundles delay interactivity. Split code by route or defer non-critical scripts. - **[WARNING]** 120 HTTP requests — consider bundling or reducing — Each request adds latency. Bundle small files, use sprites, or eliminate unnecessary requests. - **[INFO]** Estimated 0.69 g CO2 per page load ### Third-Party Impact (D — 50/100) *100% third-party, 0 ms blocking* - **[WARNING]** Third-party code accounts for 100% of page weight (3.3 MiB of 3.3 MiB) - **[PASS]** Third-party blocking time is low (0 ms) ### Text Compression (A+ — 100/100) *All text resources are compressed* - **[PASS]** All text resources are compressed ### Image Optimization (B — 75/100) *11 images, 0 KB saveable* - **[PASS]** All images are well-optimized ### JS Execution Cost (F — 20/100) *7180ms total JS execution* - **[WARNING]** https://static.zhihu.com/heifetz/mobile.app.b35ba6...: 1662ms CPU time - **[WARNING]** https://static.zhihu.com/event/wza/4633_1/aria.js?...: 1023ms CPU time - **[WARNING]** https://static.zhihu.com/event/react-dom@17.0.2/um...: 862ms CPU time - **[WARNING]** Unattributable: 813ms CPU time - **[WARNING]** https://www.zhihu.com/: 656ms CPU time - **[WARNING]** Third-party scripts: 7180ms (100% of total) ### Font Loading (A+ — 100/100) *1 fonts (18 KB)* - **[INFO]** 1 font(s) use font-display: swap (FOUT risk but functional) ### JS Bundles (F — 20/100) *69 scripts, 1.0 MB unused* - **[WARNING]** https://static.zhihu.com/heifetz/682.app.858f080ce...: 551 KB unused (71%) — Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code. - **[WARNING]** https://static.zhihu.com/heifetz/mobile.app.b35ba6...: 234 KB unused (66%) — Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code. - **[WARNING]** https://static.zhihu.com/heifetz/chunks/shared-a7a...: 115 KB unused (83%) — Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code. - **[WARNING]** https://static.zhihu.com/event/wza/4633_1/aria.js?...: 85 KB unused (73%) — Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code. - **[WARNING]** https://static.zhihu.com/heifetz/chunks/shared-826...: 38 KB unused (93%) — Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code. - **[INFO]** Total unused JavaScript: 1.0 MB ### Resource Caching (A+ — 100/100) *All resources properly cached* - **[PASS]** No caching issues found ### Critical Rendering Path (A+ — 100/100) *No render-blocking resources* - **[PASS]** No render-blocking resources detected ### Resource Hints (A+ — 100/100) *8 hints, 0 missing preconnects* - **[PASS]** Page uses 8 resource hint(s) ### Page Weight Inventory (F — 20/100) *120 resources · 3.3 MB · 1.0 MB savings available* - **[WARNING]** Page weight 2.3 MB over 1MB target - **[INFO]** ~1.0 MB of savings available - **[WARNING]** 119 third-party resources (100% of weight) - **[INFO]** 4 resources over 200KB ### Render-Blocking Resources (A+ — 100/100) *No render-blocking resources detected* - **[PASS]** No render-blocking resources detected in ### Third-Party Resources (A+ — 100/100) *No third-party resources detected* --- ## Content Quality ### Links (F — 40/100) *65 links checked, 49 healthy, 16 broken* - **[CRITICAL]** 49 of 65 links are healthy - **[WARNING]** Broken link: https://static.zhimg.com — Found in . Get "https://static.zhimg.com": resolve static.zhimg.com: lookup static.zhimg.com: no such host - **[WARNING]** Broken link: https://pica.zhimg.com — Found in . Returns HTTP 404. - **[WARNING]** Broken link: https://picx.zhimg.com — Found in . Returns HTTP 404. - **[WARNING]** Broken link: https://pic1.zhimg.com — Found in . Returns HTTP 404. - **[WARNING]** Broken link: https://pic2.zhimg.com — Found in . Returns HTTP 404. - **[WARNING]** Broken link: https://pic3.zhimg.com — Found in . Returns HTTP 404. - **[WARNING]** Broken link: https://pic4.zhimg.com — Found in . Returns HTTP 404. - **[CRITICAL]** Broken link: https://zhihu.com/org/signup — Found in . Returns HTTP 403. - **[CRITICAL]** Broken link: https://zhihu.com/roundtable — Found in . Returns HTTP 403. - **[CRITICAL]** Broken link: https://zhihu.com/explore — Found in . Returns HTTP 403. - **[CRITICAL]** Broken link: https://zhihu.com/app — Found in . Returns HTTP 403. - **[CRITICAL]** Broken link: https://zhihu.com/contact — Found in . Returns HTTP 403. - **[CRITICAL]** Broken link: https://beian.miit.gov.cn/ — Found in . Returns HTTP 521. - **[CRITICAL]** Broken link: http://www.beian.gov.cn/portal/registerSystemInfo?recordc... — Found in . Get "http://www.beian.gov.cn/portal/registerSystemInfo?recordcode=11010802020088": blocked: www.beian.gov.cn resolves to private/reserved IP 127.0.0.1 - **[CRITICAL]** Broken link: https://zhihu.com/term/child-jubao — Found in . Returns HTTP 403. - **[CRITICAL]** Broken link: https://zhihu.com/term/algorithm-recommend-report — Found in . Returns HTTP 403. ### Mixed Content (A+ — 100/100) *No mixed content detected — all resources use HTTPS.* - **[PASS]** No mixed content detected — all resources use HTTPS ### Open Graph (F — 50/100) *Open Graph tags need attention — social sharing previews may be incomplete.* - **[WARNING]** Missing og:title — The og:title tag controls the title shown in social sharing previews. - **[WARNING]** Missing og:image — The og:image tag provides a preview image for social sharing. - **[INFO]** og:description is long (217 characters) — Descriptions over 200 characters may be truncated in social sharing previews. - **[INFO]** Missing og:url — The og:url tag specifies the canonical URL for the shared content. - **[INFO]** Missing og:type — The og:type tag helps social platforms categorize the content. - **[INFO]** Missing og:site_name — The og:site_name tag displays the website name in social previews. - **[INFO]** Missing twitter:card — Without twitter:card, Twitter falls back to Open Graph tags. Adding it gives you more control. ### Structured Data (C — 40/100) *No structured data (JSON-LD) found.* - **[INFO]** No structured data (JSON-LD) found — Adding structured data helps search engines understand your content and can enable rich results. --- ## Infrastructure ### DNS Records (A+ — 95/100) *1 A records, 35 ms lookup* - **[PASS]** Resolves to 1 IPv4 address(es) - **[INFO]** Single A record — no DNS redundancy — Multiple A records provide failover if one server goes down. - **[INFO]** No IPv6 (AAAA) records - **[PASS]** 2 nameserver(s) configured - **[PASS]** 2 mail exchanger(s) configured - **[INFO]** CAA records not checked — CAA record lookup requires a specialized DNS resolver. This check will be available in a future update. - **[PASS]** SPF record present in TXT - **[PASS]** DNS resolution time: 35 ms ### Redirect Chain (B — 70/100) *1 redirect(s), 1618 ms total* - **[PASS]** Single redirect - **[INFO]** WWW normalization redirect - **[WARNING]** Redirect overhead: 1618 ms total ### IPv6 Readiness (C — 60/100) *No IPv6 support* - **[INFO]** No IPv6 (AAAA) records found — IPv6 support is increasingly important for global accessibility. About 40% of internet users have IPv6 connectivity. ### Crawlability (B — 75/100) *no robots.txt, no sitemap* - **[INFO]** No robots.txt found — robots.txt is optional but recommended. It tells search engine crawlers which pages to index. - **[INFO]** No sitemap.xml found — A sitemap helps search engines discover and index your pages more efficiently. ### URL Variants (A+ — 100/100) *www/non-www, trailing slash, HTTP→HTTPS* - **[PASS]** HTTP correctly 301-redirects to HTTPS ### Domain Intelligence (A+ — 100/100) *zhihu.com — via DNSPod, Inc., 19 years, 1 months old, hosted on Tencent Cloud* - **[PASS]** Domain registered until Sep 29, 2029 (3 years, 6 months remaining) - **[INFO]** DNSSEC is not enabled — DNSSEC protects against DNS spoofing attacks. While not required, enabling DNSSEC adds an additional layer of security. Contact your DNS provider to enable it. - **[PASS]** Registrar: DNSPod, Inc. - **[WARNING]** Registrar lock is NOT enabled — The domain can be transferred without an unlock step. Enable registrar lock (clientTransferProhibited) in your registrar's control panel to protect against unauthorized or accidental transfers. - **[PASS]** Hosting: Tencent Cloud --- ## Compliance ### WCAG Compliance (A+ — 100/100) *No testable criteria* ### Cookie Consent & Privacy (A+ — 100/100) *privacy policy found* - **[PASS]** Privacy policy link found - **[PASS]** Terms of service link found - **[INFO]** No cookie consent banner detected - **[PASS]** 1 cookie(s) set on initial load (functional) - **[INFO]** This is an automated check, not legal advice — BeaverCheck detects technical indicators of consent management. This does not constitute a legal compliance assessment. Consult a privacy professional for GDPR/CCPA compliance. ### Language & i18n (A — 90/100) *Lang attribute present* - **[PASS]** attribute is present - **[PASS]** value is valid - **[INFO]** No Content-Language HTTP header - **[INFO]** Language signals are inconsistent — The attribute and Content-Language header should agree. ### Readability & Typography (A+ — 100/100) *Font sizes and tap targets checked* ### Viewport Configuration (C — 60/100) *Viewport prevents zooming* - **[PASS]** Viewport meta tag is present - **[PASS]** width=device-width is set - **[CRITICAL]** Viewport prevents user zooming — user-scalable=no or maximum-scale < 2 prevents users from zooming. This is a WCAG 1.4.4 (Level AA) failure and an accessibility barrier for users with low vision. ### Third-Party Trackers (A+ — 95/100) *3 trackers detected* - **[INFO]** 3 third-party trackers detected — Found 3 analytics, 0 advertising, 0 marketing, 0 tag manager trackers. ### Cookie & Tracker Inventory (A+ — 100/100) *1 cookies · 3 trackers · 0 pre-consent* - **[INFO]** 1 cookie(s) could not be classified - **[INFO]** 3 third-party tracker(s) detected on page --- ## Legal ### Legal Page Ecosystem (F — 0/100) *0 of 7 expected legal pages detected* - **[WARNING]** Privacy Policy not detected — No link matching common Privacy Policy URL patterns or link text was found. Most websites are expected to have a Privacy Policy, especially those collecting user data. - **[WARNING]** Terms of Service not detected — No link matching common Terms of Service URL patterns or link text was found. Most websites are expected to have a Terms of Service, especially those collecting user data. - **[INFO]** Cookie Policy not detected — No link matching common Cookie Policy URL patterns or link text was found. Most websites are expected to have a Cookie Policy, especially those collecting user data. - **[INFO]** Accessibility Statement not detected — No link matching common Accessibility Statement URL patterns or link text was found. Most websites are expected to have a Accessibility Statement, especially those collecting user data. - **[INFO]** DMCA / Copyright Notice not detected — No link matching common DMCA / Copyright Notice URL patterns or link text was found. Most websites are expected to have a DMCA / Copyright Notice, especially those collecting user data. - **[INFO]** Refund / Returns Policy not detected — No link matching common Refund / Returns Policy URL patterns or link text was found. Most websites are expected to have a Refund / Returns Policy, especially those collecting user data. - **[INFO]** Acceptable Use Policy not detected — No link matching common Acceptable Use Policy URL patterns or link text was found. Most websites are expected to have a Acceptable Use Policy, especially those collecting user data. ### Copyright Notice (A+ — 100/100) *© 2026 知乎 京ICP证110745号 京ICP备13052560号-1 京…* - **[PASS]** Copyright notice is up to date — Copyright notice is up to date: © 2026 知乎 京ICP证110745号 京ICP备13052560号-1 京公网安备 11010802020 - **[PASS]** Copyright holder: 知乎 京ICP证110745号 京ICP备13052560号-1 京公网安备 11010802020 ### Regulatory Indicators *1 regulatory indicator(s) detected* - **[INFO]** This is a technical scan, not a legal assessment — BeaverCheck detects technical indicators that may suggest regulatory relevance. This is not a compliance audit and should not be relied upon for legal decisions. Consult qualified legal counsel for compliance assessments. - **[INFO]** GDPR indicators detected (moderate confidence) — Indicators suggesting GDPR may be relevant: Privacy policy page found. EU General Data Protection Regulation — governs collection and processing of personal data of EU residents. ### Third-Party Data Sharing *0 third-party service(s) detected* - **[INFO]** Data inventory for transparency purposes — This inventory identifies third-party services that receive data from your site visitors. Under regulations like GDPR (Article 30), maintaining records of data processing activities is commonly considered a best practice. This automated scan provides a starting point — it may not capture all data flows. - **[INFO]** No recognized third-party data-sharing services detected — This page does not appear to load external tracking, analytics, or advertising scripts. ### Compliance Badges (C — 55/100) *0 compliance badge(s) detected* - **[INFO]** No compliance badges detected — No recognized compliance certification badges or seals were found. This is common — many sites do not display compliance badges. --- ## Availability ### CDN & Delivery (D — 50/100) *No CDN detected* - **[WARNING]** No CDN detected — A CDN can significantly improve load times for users around the world by caching content at edge nodes closer to them. ### HTTP Caching (F — 30/100) *No cache headers* - **[WARNING]** No Cache-Control header found — Browsers will use heuristic caching, which can be unpredictable. Set explicit cache headers. ### Transport Security (B — 75/100) *HTTP/3, HSTS, and TLS version analysis* - **[INFO]** HTTP/3 (QUIC) not advertised — HTTP/3 eliminates head-of-line blocking. If your CDN supports it, consider enabling it. - **[WARNING]** Missing Strict-Transport-Security header — HSTS tells browsers to only use HTTPS, preventing SSL stripping attacks. --- ## Accessibility ### Landmark Structure (B — 70/100) *3 landmarks* - **[PASS]**
landmark present - **[WARNING]** No