# BeaverCheck Audit Report — https://www.ubuntu.com

**Date:** April 7, 2026  
**URL:** https://www.ubuntu.com  
**Overall Grade:** C (75/100)  
**Report:** https://beavercheck.com/results/73ed84e3-ac69-d711-c988-97dfa65f95c3

## Top Findings

1. **[CRITICAL]** Content-Security-Policy header is missing — Security > Security Headers
2. **[CRITICAL]** No Content-Security-Policy header found — Security > Content Security Policy
3. **[CRITICAL]** 10 image-only link(s) without alt text — Accessibility > Link & Button Quality
4. **[CRITICAL]** 2 link(s) with no accessible text — Accessibility > Link & Button Quality
5. **[WARNING]** Certificate expires soon (22 days remaining) — Security > TLS & Certificates

---

## Lighthouse Scores

| Category | Score |
|----------|-------|
| Performance | 41 |
| Accessibility | 100 |
| Best Practices | 100 |
| SEO | 92 |

---

## Security

### Security Headers (F — 15/100)

*1 of 10 headers properly configured*

- **[WARNING]** HSTS max-age is too short (15724800s, should be ≥ 31536000s) — A short max-age leaves a window for downgrade attacks. Set max-age to at least 31536000 (1 year).
- **[WARNING]** X-Content-Type-Options header is missing — This header prevents MIME-type sniffing, which can lead to XSS attacks. Set it to 'nosniff'.
- **[WARNING]** X-Frame-Options header is missing — This header prevents clickjacking by controlling who can embed your page in a frame. Set it to DENY or SAMEORIGIN.
- **[WARNING]** Referrer-Policy header is missing — Controls how much referrer information is sent with requests. Set to 'strict-origin-when-cross-origin' or stricter.
- **[WARNING]** Permissions-Policy header is missing — Controls which browser features (camera, microphone, geolocation) are allowed. Set it to restrict unused features.
- **[CRITICAL]** Content-Security-Policy header is missing — CSP is the most important header for preventing XSS attacks. See the CSP section for detailed analysis.
- **[WARNING]** Cross-Origin-Opener-Policy header is missing — COOP isolates your browsing context, preventing cross-origin side-channel attacks. Set to 'same-origin'.
- **[WARNING]** Cross-Origin-Embedder-Policy header is missing — COEP prevents loading cross-origin resources without explicit permission. Required for SharedArrayBuffer and high-resolution timers.
- **[PASS]** X-Powered-By header is not present
- **[WARNING]** Server header reveals version information — The Server header discloses the software version, aiding attackers in targeting known vulnerabilities. Remove the version number.

### Content Security Policy (F — 0/100)

*No enforcing CSP policy found*

- **[CRITICAL]** No Content-Security-Policy header found — CSP is the most effective defense against XSS attacks. Add a Content-Security-Policy header to restrict resource loading.

### TLS & Certificates (A — 90/100)

*TLS 1.3, 7 checks passed*

- **[PASS]** TLS 1.3 is used
- **[PASS]** Strong cipher suite is used
- **[INFO]** HTTP/2 is not negotiated — HTTP/2 provides multiplexing and header compression for better performance.
- **[PASS]** Certificate is valid (expires in 22 days)
- **[WARNING]** Certificate expires soon (22 days remaining) — Renew the certificate before it expires to avoid browser warnings.
- **[PASS]** Certificate chain has 2 certificates
- **[PASS]** Certificate uses modern signature algorithm
- **[PASS]** Certificate covers 2 domain(s)
- **[PASS]** Certificate is issued by a trusted CA

### Cookie Security (A+ — 100/100)

*No cookies set — no cookie security risks*

- **[PASS]** No cookies set — no cookie security risks

---

## Advanced Security

### Subresource Integrity (F — 20/100)

*0 of 1 external resources have SRI*

- **[WARNING]** External script from assets.ubuntu.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code.

### JS Library Vulnerabilities (A+ — 100/100)

*No known vulnerabilities*

- **[PASS]** No known JavaScript library vulnerabilities detected

### Information Leakage (A+ — 100/100)

*No exposures*

- **[INFO]** No security.txt found — Consider adding a security.txt at /.well-known/security.txt.
- **[PASS]** No sensitive files exposed

### Email Security (F — 30/100)

*No DMARC*

- **[WARNING]** No DMARC record found — Without DMARC, email receivers have no policy for handling authentication failures.

### Permissions-Policy (D — 40/100)

*No header set*

- **[WARNING]** No Permissions-Policy header — Consider adding a Permissions-Policy header to restrict browser feature access from embedded content.

### CORS Configuration (B — 80/100)

*No CORS headers*

- **[PASS]** No CORS headers present — secure default

---

## Performance

### Page Weight Budget (D — 53/100)

*2.1 MB transferred, 62 requests*

- **[INFO]** Page weighs 6.5 MB (2.1 MB transferred)
- **[WARNING]** JavaScript is 1.6 MB — consider code splitting or lazy loading — Large JavaScript bundles delay interactivity. Split code by route or defer non-critical scripts.
- **[INFO]** Fonts are 293 KB — consider subsetting or using system fonts — Subset fonts to include only used characters, or switch to system font stacks.
- **[INFO]** 62 HTTP requests
- **[INFO]** Estimated 0.44 g CO2 per page load

### Third-Party Impact (D — 50/100)

*100% third-party, 0 ms blocking*

- **[WARNING]** Third-party code accounts for 100% of page weight (2.1 MiB of 2.1 MiB)
- **[PASS]** Third-party blocking time is low (0 ms)

### Text Compression (A+ — 100/100)

*All text resources are compressed*

- **[PASS]** All text resources are compressed

### Image Optimization (B — 80/100)

*13 images, 0 KB saveable*

- **[PASS]** All images are well-optimized

### JS Execution Cost (F — 20/100)

*4193ms total JS execution*

- **[WARNING]** Unattributable: 662ms CPU time
- **[WARNING]** https://ubuntu.com/: 608ms CPU time
- **[WARNING]** https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/destination?...: 446ms CPU time
- **[WARNING]** https://ubuntu.com/static/js/src/navigation.js?v=6...: 362ms CPU time
- **[WARNING]** https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/destination?...: 340ms CPU time
- **[WARNING]** Third-party scripts: 4193ms (100% of total)

### Font Loading (A+ — 100/100)

*4 fonts (293 KB)*

- **[INFO]** 4 font(s) use font-display: swap (FOUT risk but functional)

### JS Bundles (F — 20/100)

*20 scripts, 683 KB unused*

- **[WARNING]** https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-PGQQ...: 115 KB unused (66%) — Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code.
- **[WARNING]** https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-5LTL...: 107 KB unused (62%) — Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code.
- **[WARNING]** https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/destination?...: 70 KB unused (40%) — Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code.
- **[WARNING]** https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/destination?...: 69 KB unused (51%) — Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code.
- **[WARNING]** https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/destination?...: 66 KB unused (49%) — Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code.
- **[INFO]** Total unused JavaScript: 683 KB

### Resource Caching (A+ — 100/100)

*All resources properly cached*

- **[PASS]** No caching issues found

### Critical Rendering Path (A+ — 100/100)

*No render-blocking resources*

- **[PASS]** No render-blocking resources detected

### Resource Hints (A+ — 100/100)

*9 hints, 0 missing preconnects*

- **[PASS]** Page uses 9 resource hint(s)

### Render-Blocking Resources (A+ — 100/100)

*No render-blocking resources detected*

- **[PASS]** No render-blocking resources detected in <head>

### Third-Party Resources (A+ — 100/100)

*No third-party resources detected*


---

## Content Quality

### Links (B — 85/100)

*200 links checked, 197 healthy, 3 broken*

- **[WARNING]** 197 of 200 links are healthy
- **[WARNING]** Broken link: https://res.cloudinary.com — Found in <link href>. Returns HTTP 404.
- **[WARNING]** Broken link: https://www.googletagmanager.com — Found in <link href>. Returns HTTP 404.
- **[WARNING]** Broken link: https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com — Found in <link href>. Returns HTTP 404.

### Mixed Content (A+ — 100/100)

*No mixed content detected — all resources use HTTPS.*

- **[PASS]** No mixed content detected — all resources use HTTPS

### Open Graph (A — 90/100)

*Open Graph tags are well configured for social sharing.*

- **[CRITICAL]** og:image is not reachable — The og:image URL could not be fetched. Social platforms won't be able to display it.

### Structured Data (C — 40/100)

*No structured data (JSON-LD) found.*

- **[INFO]** No structured data (JSON-LD) found — Adding structured data helps search engines understand your content and can enable rich results.

---

## Infrastructure

### DNS Records (A — 90/100)

*3 A records, 32 ms lookup*

- **[PASS]** Resolves to 3 IPv4 address(es)
- **[PASS]** Has 3 IPv6 (AAAA) record(s)
- **[INFO]** No NS records found
- **[INFO]** No MX records — email not configured via DNS
- **[INFO]** CAA records not checked — CAA record lookup requires a specialized DNS resolver. This check will be available in a future update.
- **[INFO]** No SPF record found in TXT records — SPF helps prevent email spoofing. Add a TXT record starting with 'v=spf1'.
- **[PASS]** DNS resolution time: 32 ms

### Redirect Chain (A — 90/100)

*1 redirect(s), 207 ms total*

- **[PASS]** Single redirect
- **[INFO]** WWW normalization redirect

### IPv6 Readiness (A+ — 100/100)

*IPv6 reachable (23 ms)*

- **[PASS]** IPv6 is configured and reachable at 2620:2d:4000:1::27, 2620:2d:4000:1::28, 2620:2d:4000:1::26

### Crawlability (A+ — 100/100)

*robots.txt present, sitemap with 15 URLs*

- **[PASS]** robots.txt is present
- **[PASS]** sitemap.xml is present
- **[PASS]** sitemap.xml is valid XML
- **[PASS]** sitemap.xml contains 15 entries
- **[PASS]** Sitemap index with 15 child sitemaps
- **[PASS]** robots.txt references sitemap

### URL Variants (B — 75/100)

*www/non-www, trailing slash, HTTP→HTTPS*

- **[CRITICAL]** Both www and non-www versions serve content
- **[PASS]** HTTP correctly 301-redirects to HTTPS

### Domain Intelligence (A — 90/100)

*ubuntu.com — via MarkMonitor Inc., 22 years, 2 months old*

- **[WARNING]** Domain expires in 51 days — Consider enabling auto-renewal to prevent accidental expiration.
- **[INFO]** DNSSEC is not enabled — DNSSEC protects against DNS spoofing attacks. While not required, enabling DNSSEC adds an additional layer of security. Contact your DNS provider to enable it.
- **[PASS]** Registrar: MarkMonitor Inc.

---

## Compliance

### WCAG Compliance (A+ — 100/100)

*No testable criteria*


### Cookie Consent & Privacy (B — 80/100)

*No consent signals detected*

- **[WARNING]** No privacy policy link detected — A privacy policy page is recommended for transparency and may be legally required.
- **[INFO]** No terms of service link detected
- **[INFO]** No cookie consent banner detected
- **[INFO]** This is an automated check, not legal advice — BeaverCheck detects technical indicators of consent management. This does not constitute a legal compliance assessment. Consult a privacy professional for GDPR/CCPA compliance.

### Language & i18n (A — 90/100)

*Lang attribute present*

- **[PASS]** <html lang> attribute is present
- **[PASS]** <html lang> value is valid
- **[INFO]** No Content-Language HTTP header
- **[INFO]** Language signals are inconsistent — The <html lang> attribute and Content-Language header should agree.

### Readability & Typography (A+ — 100/100)

*Font sizes and tap targets checked*


### Viewport Configuration (A+ — 100/100)

*Viewport properly configured*

- **[PASS]** Viewport meta tag is present
- **[PASS]** width=device-width is set
- **[PASS]** User zooming is allowed

### Third-Party Trackers (C — 55/100)

*1 trackers detected*

- **[INFO]** 1 third-party trackers detected — Found 0 analytics, 0 advertising, 0 marketing, 1 tag manager trackers.
- **[WARNING]** Trackers detected but no cookie policy found — This page loads 1 trackers but no cookie policy was detected. GDPR requires disclosure when using tracking cookies.
- **[WARNING]** Trackers detected but no privacy policy found — Most data protection regulations require a privacy policy when collecting user data via trackers.

---

## Legal

### Legal Page Ecosystem (B — 75/100)

*3 of 7 expected legal pages detected*

- **[PASS]** Privacy Policy detected — Found at https://canonical.com/legal/data-privacy.
- **[PASS]** Terms of Service detected — Found at https://canonical.com/legal/data-privacy/contact.
- **[PASS]** Cookie Policy detected — Found at https://canonical.com/legal/data-privacy?cp=hide#cookies, linked from footer.
- **[INFO]** Accessibility Statement not detected — No link matching common Accessibility Statement URL patterns or link text was found. Most websites are expected to have a Accessibility Statement, especially those collecting user data.
- **[INFO]** DMCA / Copyright Notice not detected — No link matching common DMCA / Copyright Notice URL patterns or link text was found. Most websites are expected to have a DMCA / Copyright Notice, especially those collecting user data.
- **[INFO]** Refund / Returns Policy not detected — No link matching common Refund / Returns Policy URL patterns or link text was found. Most websites are expected to have a Refund / Returns Policy, especially those collecting user data.
- **[INFO]** Acceptable Use Policy not detected — No link matching common Acceptable Use Policy URL patterns or link text was found. Most websites are expected to have a Acceptable Use Policy, especially those collecting user data.

### Copyright Notice (A+ — 100/100)

*© 2026 Canonical Ltd*

- **[PASS]** Copyright notice is up to date — Copyright notice is up to date: © 2026 Canonical Ltd
- **[PASS]** Copyright holder: Canonical Ltd

### Regulatory Indicators

*2 regulatory indicator(s) detected*

- **[INFO]** This is a technical scan, not a legal assessment — BeaverCheck detects technical indicators that may suggest regulatory relevance. This is not a compliance audit and should not be relied upon for legal decisions. Consult qualified legal counsel for compliance assessments.
- **[INFO]** GDPR indicators detected (weak confidence) — Indicators suggesting GDPR may be relevant: Text mentions: gdpr. EU General Data Protection Regulation — governs collection and processing of personal data of EU residents.
- **[INFO]** HIPAA indicators detected (strong confidence) — Indicators suggesting HIPAA may be relevant: Text mentions: hipaa; Text mentions: phi. Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act — protects sensitive patient health information.

### Third-Party Data Sharing

*0 third-party service(s) detected*

- **[INFO]** Data inventory for transparency purposes — This inventory identifies third-party services that receive data from your site visitors. Under regulations like GDPR (Article 30), maintaining records of data processing activities is commonly considered a best practice. This automated scan provides a starting point — it may not capture all data flows.
- **[INFO]** No recognized third-party data-sharing services detected — This page does not appear to load external tracking, analytics, or advertising scripts.

### Compliance Badges (B — 70/100)

*1 compliance badge(s) detected*

- **[PASS]** TRUSTe / TrustArc badge detected — Found via body text: 'truste'. Note: the presence of a badge does not verify the certification is current or valid.

---

## Availability

### CDN & Delivery (D — 50/100)

*No CDN detected*

- **[WARNING]** No CDN detected — A CDN can significantly improve load times for users around the world by caching content at edge nodes closer to them.

### HTTP Caching (F — 30/100)

*No cache headers*

- **[WARNING]** No Cache-Control header found — Browsers will use heuristic caching, which can be unpredictable. Set explicit cache headers.

### Transport Security (B — 75/100)

*HTTP/3, HSTS, and TLS version analysis*

- **[INFO]** HTTP/3 (QUIC) not advertised — HTTP/3 eliminates head-of-line blocking. If your CDN supports it, consider enabling it.
- **[WARNING]** HSTS max-age is short: 182 days — HSTS max-age should be at least 1 year (31536000 seconds).
- **[INFO]** HSTS missing includeSubDomains — Without includeSubDomains, HSTS only protects the exact domain.
- **[PASS]** TLS 1.3 in use (fastest handshake, 1-RTT)

---

## Accessibility

### Landmark Structure (A — 90/100)

*10 landmarks*

- **[PASS]** <main> landmark present
- **[PASS]** 5 <nav> landmark(s) found
- **[WARNING]** 2 of 5 <nav> elements are unlabeled — Multiple navigations need aria-label to distinguish them for screen readers.
- **[PASS]** Skip navigation link present

### Heading Hierarchy (C — 65/100)

*45 headings, 1 skip(s)*

- **[WARNING]** Multiple H1 headings (2 found) — A page should have only one H1. Multiple H1s dilute the document outline.
- **[WARNING]** Heading level skipped: H1 → H4 (missing H2) — Skipping heading levels breaks the document outline. Screen readers may interpret missing levels as structural errors.
- **[WARNING]** 2 empty heading(s) — Empty headings appear in the document outline but provide no information.

### Alt Text Quality (A+ — 100/100)

*All 72 images OK*

- **[PASS]** 22 decorative image(s) correctly marked
- **[PASS]** 50 image(s) with good alt text

### Form Accessibility (A+ — 100/100)

*All 50 controls labeled*

- **[PASS]** 50 control(s) properly labeled

### Link & Button Quality (C — 60/100)

*2 issue(s) across 314 links and 15 buttons*

- **[CRITICAL]** 2 link(s) with no accessible text — Links without text are announced as raw URLs by screen readers.
- **[CRITICAL]** 10 image-only link(s) without alt text
- **[PASS]** 302 link(s) with descriptive text

---

## UX

### 404 Error Page (A — 90/100)

*HTTP 404, custom page*

- **[PASS]** Correct 404 status code returned
- **[PASS]** Custom styled 404 page
- **[PASS]** Navigation links present on 404 page
- **[PASS]** Homepage link present on 404 page
- **[PASS]** Search form present on 404 page

### Favicon & Branding (C — 65/100)

*6 icon(s) detected*

- **[WARNING]** No favicon.ico at site root — Some older browsers, bookmark tools, and RSS readers look for /favicon.ico. Add one as a fallback.
- **[PASS]** HTML icon links detected
- **[PASS]** Apple touch icon present
- **[PASS]** Multiple icon sizes detected

### Web Manifest (B — 80/100)

*Valid manifest*

- **[PASS]** Name present: Canonical Ubuntu
- **[PASS]** 192x192 icon present
- **[PASS]** 512x512 icon present
- **[PASS]** Display mode: standalone

### Dark Mode Support (D — 40/100)

*No dark mode signals*

- **[INFO]** No dark mode signals detected — Consider adding CSS with @media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) and <meta name='color-scheme' content='light dark'>.
- **[INFO]** Detection limited to meta tags and inline styles — External CSS files may contain prefers-color-scheme rules not visible to this scan.

### Print Stylesheet (A+ — 100/100)

*Print styles detected*

- **[PASS]** External print stylesheet detected

### Navigation UX (D — 40/100)

*2 navigation pattern(s)*

- **[PASS]** Skip navigation link detected
- **[PASS]** Back-to-top link detected
- **[PASS]** 5 navigation landmark(s) detected

---

## SEO

### Canonical URL (A — 90/100)

*Minor issues*

- **[PASS]** Canonical tag present
- **[WARNING]** Canonical does not match final URL (https://ubuntu.com/)

### Meta Tags (A+ — 95/100)

*Title optimized*

- **[PASS]** Page title is set
- **[PASS]** Title length (45 chars) is optimal
- **[INFO]** Title and H1 have very different wording — Alignment helps users confirm they've reached the right page.

### Content Depth (A+ — 100/100)

*2931 words, Very Difficult*

- **[PASS]** Page has 2931 words — good depth for search engines
- **[INFO]** Reading level: Very Difficult (grade 17)

### Internal Links (A+ — 95/100)

*195 internal, 119 external*

- **[PASS]** 195 internal links (62%)
- **[PASS]** 99% of links use descriptive anchor text
- **[INFO]** Page has 314 links — consider reducing
- **[INFO]** 195 internal / 119 external links

### Image SEO (A+ — 100/100)

*72 images, 72 descriptive filenames*

- **[PASS]** All images have descriptive filenames

### Hreflang

*0 hreflang tags*


---

## Sustainability

### CO2 Per Page Load (B — 70/100)

*0.60g CO2 per view*

- **[INFO]** 0.60g CO2 per page view — This page transfers 2.1 MB, producing an estimated 0.60g of CO2 per visit using the Sustainable Web Design model (v4). Breakdown: data center 0.11g, network 0.10g, end-user device 0.38g.
- **[INFO]** At 10,000 monthly views: 71.4 kg CO2/year — With 10,000 page views per month, this page would generate approximately 71.4 kg of CO2 annually — equivalent to charging 8927 smartphones.

### Green Hosting (D — 50/100)

*Unknown*

- **[INFO]** Hosting provider could not be identified — Without knowing the provider, we cannot determine their energy sourcing. Check with your hosting provider about their renewable energy commitments.
- **[INFO]** Green hosting status based on known provider commitments — Green hosting detection uses a curated database of provider renewable energy commitments. This is not a real-time verification. For authoritative checks, visit thegreenwebfoundation.org.

### Repeat Visit Weight (A+ — 100/100)

*98% cached*

- **[PASS]** 98% reduction on repeat visits — Returning visitors download only 37 KB (vs 2151 KB first visit). 61 of 62 resources are served from browser cache, saving 0.58g CO2 per repeat visit.
- **[INFO]** Repeat visit: 0.01g CO2 (first visit: 0.60g)

### Carbon Budget (B — 70/100)

*49th percentile*

- **[INFO]** 0.60g CO2 — below the median website (0.60g) — Better than an estimated 51% of websites, but above the sustainability target of 0.50g. Reducing page weight would help reach the target.
- **[INFO]** Estimated 49th percentile — Compared to: top 10% = 0.20g, target = 0.50g, median = 0.60g per page view.

### Transfer Efficiency (C — 60/100)

*68% efficient*

- **[WARNING]** Transfer efficiency: 68% — An estimated 682 KB (32%) could be eliminated: 0 KB via better compression, 0 KB via modern image formats, 682 KB of unused JavaScript. This wasted data produces 0.19g of unnecessary CO2 per page view.

---

---

*Generated by [BeaverCheck](https://beavercheck.com) — https://beavercheck.com/results/73ed84e3-ac69-d711-c988-97dfa65f95c3*