# BeaverCheck Audit Report — https://www.udemy.com **Date:** April 7, 2026 **URL:** https://www.udemy.com **Overall Grade:** D (69/100) **Report:** https://beavercheck.com/results/a2b79fbc-c610-6000-a560-1411be993c2c ## Top Findings 1. **[CRITICAL]** Content-Security-Policy header is missing — Security > Security Headers 2. **[CRITICAL]** HSTS header is missing — Security > Security Headers 3. **[CRITICAL]** No Content-Security-Policy header found — Security > Content Security Policy 4. **[CRITICAL]** Page weighs 9.5 MB (4.7 MB transferred) — Performance > Page Weight Budget 5. **[CRITICAL]** No
landmark found — Accessibility > Landmark Structure --- ## Lighthouse Scores | Category | Score | |----------|-------| | Performance | 26 | | Accessibility | 91 | | Best Practices | 77 | | SEO | 92 | --- ## Security ### Security Headers (F — 20/100) *3 of 10 headers properly configured* - **[CRITICAL]** HSTS header is missing — Strict-Transport-Security forces browsers to use HTTPS, preventing downgrade attacks. Add the header with a max-age of at least 1 year. - **[PASS]** X-Content-Type-Options is properly configured - **[WARNING]** X-Frame-Options header is missing — This header prevents clickjacking by controlling who can embed your page in a frame. Set it to DENY or SAMEORIGIN. - **[WARNING]** Referrer-Policy header is missing — Controls how much referrer information is sent with requests. Set to 'strict-origin-when-cross-origin' or stricter. - **[WARNING]** Permissions-Policy header is missing — Controls which browser features (camera, microphone, geolocation) are allowed. Set it to restrict unused features. - **[CRITICAL]** Content-Security-Policy header is missing — CSP is the most important header for preventing XSS attacks. See the CSP section for detailed analysis. - **[WARNING]** Cross-Origin-Opener-Policy header is missing — COOP isolates your browsing context, preventing cross-origin side-channel attacks. Set to 'same-origin'. - **[WARNING]** Cross-Origin-Embedder-Policy header is missing — COEP prevents loading cross-origin resources without explicit permission. Required for SharedArrayBuffer and high-resolution timers. - **[PASS]** X-Powered-By header is not present - **[PASS]** Server header is present without version info ### Content Security Policy (F — 0/100) *No enforcing CSP policy found* - **[CRITICAL]** No Content-Security-Policy header found — CSP is the most effective defense against XSS attacks. Add a Content-Security-Policy header to restrict resource loading. ### TLS & Certificates (A+ — 100/100) *TLS 1.3, 7 checks passed* - **[PASS]** TLS 1.3 is used - **[PASS]** Strong cipher suite is used - **[INFO]** HTTP/2 is not negotiated — HTTP/2 provides multiplexing and header compression for better performance. - **[PASS]** Certificate is valid (expires in 87 days) - **[PASS]** Certificate chain has 2 certificates - **[PASS]** Certificate uses modern signature algorithm - **[PASS]** Certificate covers 6 domain(s) - **[PASS]** Certificate is issued by a trusted CA ### Cookie Security (B — 75/100) *3 cookies analyzed, 4 checks passed* - **[PASS]** Cookie '__udmy_2_v57r' has the Secure flag - **[WARNING]** Cookie '__udmy_2_v57r' is missing the HttpOnly flag — Without HttpOnly, this cookie can be accessed by JavaScript, making it vulnerable to XSS-based theft. - **[WARNING]** Cookie '__udmy_2_v57r' has no SameSite attribute — Without an explicit SameSite attribute, browser default behavior varies. Set SameSite=Lax or Strict. - **[PASS]** Cookie 'ud_country_code' has the Secure flag - **[WARNING]** Cookie 'ud_country_code' is missing the HttpOnly flag — Without HttpOnly, this cookie can be accessed by JavaScript, making it vulnerable to XSS-based theft. - **[WARNING]** Cookie 'ud_country_code' has no SameSite attribute — Without an explicit SameSite attribute, browser default behavior varies. Set SameSite=Lax or Strict. - **[PASS]** Cookie '__cf_bm' has the Secure flag - **[PASS]** Cookie '__cf_bm' has the HttpOnly flag - **[WARNING]** Cookie '__cf_bm' has no SameSite attribute — Without an explicit SameSite attribute, browser default behavior varies. Set SameSite=Lax or Strict. --- ## Advanced Security ### Subresource Integrity (A+ — 100/100) *No external resources* - **[PASS]** No external resources to protect ### JS Library Vulnerabilities (A+ — 100/100) *No known vulnerabilities* - **[PASS]** No known JavaScript library vulnerabilities detected ### Information Leakage (A+ — 100/100) *No exposures* - **[INFO]** No security.txt found — Consider adding a security.txt at /.well-known/security.txt. - **[PASS]** No sensitive files exposed ### Email Security (F — 30/100) *No DMARC* - **[WARNING]** No DMARC record found — Without DMARC, email receivers have no policy for handling authentication failures. ### Permissions-Policy (D — 40/100) *No header set* - **[WARNING]** No Permissions-Policy header — Consider adding a Permissions-Policy header to restrict browser feature access from embedded content. ### CORS Configuration (B — 80/100) *No CORS headers* - **[PASS]** No CORS headers present — secure default --- ## Performance ### Page Weight Budget (F — 0/100) *4.7 MB transferred, 179 requests* - **[CRITICAL]** Page weighs 9.5 MB (4.7 MB transferred) - **[WARNING]** JavaScript is 1.8 MB — consider code splitting or lazy loading — Large JavaScript bundles delay interactivity. Split code by route or defer non-critical scripts. - **[WARNING]** Images are 1.6 MB — compress or use modern formats — Convert images to WebP/AVIF and resize to display dimensions to reduce transfer size. - **[INFO]** Fonts are 1.1 MB — consider subsetting or using system fonts — Subset fonts to include only used characters, or switch to system font stacks. - **[WARNING]** 179 HTTP requests — consider bundling or reducing — Each request adds latency. Bundle small files, use sprites, or eliminate unnecessary requests. - **[INFO]** Estimated 0.99 g CO2 per page load ### Third-Party Impact (D — 50/100) *96% third-party, 0 ms blocking* - **[WARNING]** Third-party code accounts for 96% of page weight (4.6 MiB of 4.7 MiB) - **[PASS]** Third-party blocking time is low (0 ms) ### Text Compression (A+ — 100/100) *All text resources are compressed* - **[PASS]** All text resources are compressed ### Image Optimization (C — 60/100) *41 images, 0 KB saveable* - **[WARNING]** https://frontends.udemycdn.com/frontends-homepage/... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift — Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS. - **[WARNING]** https://s.udemycdn.com/career-academies/product-ca... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift — Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS. - **[WARNING]** https://cms-images.udemycdn.com/96883mtakkm8/2tQm6... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift — Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS. - **[WARNING]** https://s.udemycdn.com/career-academies/product-ca... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift — Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS. - **[WARNING]** https://cms-images.udemycdn.com/96883mtakkm8/3Yzfv... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift — Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS. - **[WARNING]** https://cms-images.udemycdn.com/96883mtakkm8/1UUVZ... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift — Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS. - **[WARNING]** https://cms-images.udemycdn.com/96883mtakkm8/23Xnh... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift — Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS. - **[WARNING]** is missing width/height — may cause layout shift — Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS. - **[WARNING]** https://s.udemycdn.com/career-academies/product-ca... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift — Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS. - **[WARNING]** https://frontends.udemycdn.com/frontends-homepage/... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift — Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS. - **[WARNING]** https://cms-images.udemycdn.com/96883mtakkm8/2pNyD... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift — Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS. - **[WARNING]** https://cms-images.udemycdn.com/96883mtakkm8/7guDR... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift — Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS. - **[WARNING]** https://frontends.udemycdn.com/frontends-homepage/... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift — Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS. - **[WARNING]** https://cms-images.udemycdn.com/96883mtakkm8/3E0eI... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift — Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS. - **[WARNING]** https://cms-images.udemycdn.com/96883mtakkm8/1GoAi... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift — Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS. - **[WARNING]** https://frontends.udemycdn.com/staticx/udemy/image... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift — Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS. ### JS Execution Cost (F — 20/100) *11648ms total JS execution* - **[WARNING]** https://frontends.udemycdn.com/frontends-homepage/...: 2423ms CPU time - **[WARNING]** https://frontends.udemycdn.com/frontends-homepage/...: 2159ms CPU time - **[WARNING]** Unattributable: 1588ms CPU time - **[WARNING]** https://frontends.udemycdn.com/frontends-homepage/...: 956ms CPU time - **[WARNING]** https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=GTM-7BF...: 760ms CPU time - **[WARNING]** Third-party scripts: 10731ms (92% of total) ### Font Loading (A+ — 100/100) *6 fonts (1150 KB)* - **[INFO]** 6 font(s) use font-display: swap (FOUT risk but functional) ### JS Bundles (F — 20/100) *36 scripts, 729 KB unused* - **[WARNING]** https://frontends.udemycdn.com/frontends-homepage/...: 202 KB unused (63%) — Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code. - **[WARNING]** https://gtm.udemy.com/gtag/js?id=G-7YMFEFLR6Q: 129 KB unused (65%) — Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code. - **[WARNING]** https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-7YMF...: 76 KB unused (44%) — Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code. - **[WARNING]** https://frontends.udemycdn.com/frontends-homepage/...: 63 KB unused (41%) — Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code. - **[WARNING]** https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=AW-877...: 61 KB unused (42%) — Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code. - **[INFO]** Total unused JavaScript: 729 KB ### Resource Caching (A+ — 100/100) *All resources properly cached* - **[PASS]** No caching issues found ### Critical Rendering Path (A+ — 100/100) *No render-blocking resources* - **[PASS]** No render-blocking resources detected ### Resource Hints (A+ — 100/100) *No optimization needed* - **[PASS]** No resource hint issues ### Render-Blocking Resources (A+ — 100/100) *No render-blocking resources detected* - **[PASS]** No render-blocking resources detected in ### Third-Party Resources (A+ — 100/100) *No third-party resources detected* --- ## Content Quality ### Links (A+ — 100/100) *No links to check.* - **[PASS]** No links found on the page ### Mixed Content (A+ — 100/100) *No mixed content detected — all resources use HTTPS.* - **[PASS]** No mixed content detected — all resources use HTTPS ### Open Graph (F — 0/100) *No Open Graph tags found — social sharing previews will be generic.* - **[WARNING]** No Open Graph meta tags found — Without og:title, og:description, and og:image, social media platforms will generate a generic preview when your page is shared. ### Structured Data (C — 40/100) *No structured data (JSON-LD) found.* - **[INFO]** No structured data (JSON-LD) found — Adding structured data helps search engines understand your content and can enable rich results. --- ## Infrastructure ### DNS Records (A+ — 95/100) *2 A records, 34 ms lookup* - **[PASS]** Resolves to 2 IPv4 address(es) - **[PASS]** Has 2 IPv6 (AAAA) record(s) - **[INFO]** No NS records found - **[INFO]** No MX records — email not configured via DNS - **[INFO]** CAA records not checked — CAA record lookup requires a specialized DNS resolver. This check will be available in a future update. - **[PASS]** SPF record present in TXT - **[PASS]** DNS resolution time: 34 ms ### Redirect Chain (A+ — 100/100) *No redirects — direct access* - **[PASS]** No redirects — direct access ### IPv6 Readiness (A+ — 100/100) *IPv6 reachable (17 ms)* - **[PASS]** IPv6 is configured and reachable at 2606:4700::6810:8eed, 2606:4700::6810:8fed ### Crawlability (A+ — 100/100) *robots.txt present, sitemap with 4128 URLs* - **[PASS]** robots.txt is present - **[PASS]** sitemap.xml is present - **[PASS]** sitemap.xml is valid XML - **[PASS]** sitemap.xml contains 4128 entries - **[PASS]** Sitemap index with 4128 child sitemaps - **[PASS]** robots.txt references sitemap ### URL Variants (B — 75/100) *www/non-www, trailing slash, HTTP→HTTPS* - **[PASS]** www/non-www redirect configured correctly (preferred: www) - **[CRITICAL]** HTTP version does not redirect to HTTPS ### Domain Intelligence (A+ — 100/100) *udemy.com — via SafeNames Ltd., 16 years, 10 months old* - **[PASS]** Domain registered until Aug 13, 2027 (1 years, 4 months remaining) - **[PASS]** DNSSEC is enabled - **[PASS]** Registrar: SafeNames Ltd. --- ## Compliance ### WCAG Compliance (A+ — 100/100) *No testable criteria* ### Cookie Consent & Privacy (B — 80/100) *No consent signals detected* - **[WARNING]** No privacy policy link detected — A privacy policy page is recommended for transparency and may be legally required. - **[INFO]** No terms of service link detected - **[INFO]** No cookie consent banner detected - **[PASS]** 3 cookie(s) set on initial load (functional) - **[INFO]** This is an automated check, not legal advice — BeaverCheck detects technical indicators of consent management. This does not constitute a legal compliance assessment. Consult a privacy professional for GDPR/CCPA compliance. ### Language & i18n (A — 90/100) *Lang attribute present* - **[PASS]** attribute is present - **[PASS]** value is valid - **[INFO]** No Content-Language HTTP header - **[INFO]** Language signals are inconsistent — The attribute and Content-Language header should agree. ### Readability & Typography (A+ — 100/100) *Font sizes and tap targets checked* ### Viewport Configuration (F — 30/100) *No viewport meta tag* - **[CRITICAL]** No viewport meta tag found — Without a viewport meta tag, the page will not render correctly on mobile devices. ### Third-Party Trackers (A+ — 100/100) *No third-party trackers detected* - **[PASS]** No third-party trackers detected --- ## Legal ### Legal Page Ecosystem (F — 0/100) *0 of 7 expected legal pages detected* - **[WARNING]** Privacy Policy not detected — No link matching common Privacy Policy URL patterns or link text was found. Most websites are expected to have a Privacy Policy, especially those collecting user data. - **[WARNING]** Terms of Service not detected — No link matching common Terms of Service URL patterns or link text was found. Most websites are expected to have a Terms of Service, especially those collecting user data. - **[INFO]** Cookie Policy not detected — No link matching common Cookie Policy URL patterns or link text was found. Most websites are expected to have a Cookie Policy, especially those collecting user data. - **[INFO]** Accessibility Statement not detected — No link matching common Accessibility Statement URL patterns or link text was found. Most websites are expected to have a Accessibility Statement, especially those collecting user data. - **[INFO]** DMCA / Copyright Notice not detected — No link matching common DMCA / Copyright Notice URL patterns or link text was found. Most websites are expected to have a DMCA / Copyright Notice, especially those collecting user data. - **[INFO]** Refund / Returns Policy not detected — No link matching common Refund / Returns Policy URL patterns or link text was found. Most websites are expected to have a Refund / Returns Policy, especially those collecting user data. - **[INFO]** Acceptable Use Policy not detected — No link matching common Acceptable Use Policy URL patterns or link text was found. Most websites are expected to have a Acceptable Use Policy, especially those collecting user data. ### Copyright Notice (C — 55/100) *No copyright notice detected* - **[INFO]** No copyright notice detected — No copyright notice detected in the page content. While not legally required in most jurisdictions (copyright exists automatically), a notice is standard practice and signals site ownership. ### Regulatory Indicators *0 regulatory indicator(s) detected* - **[INFO]** This is a technical scan, not a legal assessment — BeaverCheck detects technical indicators that may suggest regulatory relevance. This is not a compliance audit and should not be relied upon for legal decisions. Consult qualified legal counsel for compliance assessments. - **[INFO]** No specific regulatory indicators detected — No strong signals for GDPR, CCPA, ADA, PCI, HIPAA, or COPPA were found. This does not mean these regulations don't apply — it means we didn't detect common technical indicators. ### Third-Party Data Sharing *1 third-party service(s) detected* - **[INFO]** Data inventory for transparency purposes — This inventory identifies third-party services that receive data from your site visitors. Under regulations like GDPR (Article 30), maintaining records of data processing activities is commonly considered a best practice. This automated scan provides a starting point — it may not capture all data flows. - **[INFO]** 1 third-party services across 1 categories — 1 third-party services detected across 1 categories: CDN (1). Each of these services receives some user data from your site visitors. - **[INFO]** Cloudflare (CDN) — Detected via cookie name. Typically collects: IP address (transient), Request metadata. Privacy policy: https://www.cloudflare.com/privacypolicy/. Data Processing Agreement available. ### Compliance Badges (C — 55/100) *0 compliance badge(s) detected* - **[INFO]** No compliance badges detected — No recognized compliance certification badges or seals were found. This is common — many sites do not display compliance badges. --- ## Availability ### CDN & Delivery (A+ — 100/100) *Cloudflare (HIT)* - **[PASS]** Site is served via Cloudflare CDN (edge: CDG) - **[PASS]** CDN cache status: HIT ### HTTP Caching (B — 75/100) *s-maxage=14400, stale-while-revalidate* - **[PASS]** Cache-Control header is set - **[PASS]** CDN TTL: 4 hours (s-maxage=14400) - **[INFO]** No ETag or Last-Modified header — Conditional requests (304 Not Modified) are not possible without validators. ### Transport Security (B — 75/100) *HTTP/3, HSTS, and TLS version analysis* - **[INFO]** HTTP/3 (QUIC) not advertised — HTTP/3 eliminates head-of-line blocking. If your CDN supports it, consider enabling it. - **[WARNING]** Missing Strict-Transport-Security header — HSTS tells browsers to only use HTTPS, preventing SSL stripping attacks. - **[PASS]** TLS 1.3 in use (fastest handshake, 1-RTT) --- ## Accessibility ### Landmark Structure (D — 40/100) *No landmarks* - **[CRITICAL]** No
landmark found — Screen reader users cannot quickly navigate to the primary content. Wrap your main content in
. - **[WARNING]** No