# BeaverCheck Audit Report — https://www.ethz.ch **Date:** April 7, 2026 **URL:** https://www.ethz.ch **Overall Grade:** C (70/100) **Report:** https://beavercheck.com/results/a8d1b9be-2598-c3ad-5934-43ad43723435 ## Top Findings 1. **[CRITICAL]** Content-Security-Policy header is missing — Security > Security Headers 2. **[CRITICAL]** HSTS header is missing — Security > Security Headers 3. **[CRITICAL]** No Content-Security-Policy header found — Security > Content Security Policy 4. **[CRITICAL]** 1 image-only link(s) without alt text — Accessibility > Link & Button Quality 5. **[CRITICAL]** 2 image(s) missing alt attribute — Accessibility > Alt Text Quality --- ## Lighthouse Scores | Category | Score | |----------|-------| | Performance | 20 | | Accessibility | 92 | | Best Practices | 100 | | SEO | 83 | --- ## Security ### Security Headers (F — 10/100) *2 of 10 headers properly configured* - **[CRITICAL]** HSTS header is missing — Strict-Transport-Security forces browsers to use HTTPS, preventing downgrade attacks. Add the header with a max-age of at least 1 year. - **[WARNING]** X-Content-Type-Options header is missing — This header prevents MIME-type sniffing, which can lead to XSS attacks. Set it to 'nosniff'. - **[WARNING]** X-Frame-Options header is missing — This header prevents clickjacking by controlling who can embed your page in a frame. Set it to DENY or SAMEORIGIN. - **[WARNING]** Referrer-Policy header is missing — Controls how much referrer information is sent with requests. Set to 'strict-origin-when-cross-origin' or stricter. - **[WARNING]** Permissions-Policy header is missing — Controls which browser features (camera, microphone, geolocation) are allowed. Set it to restrict unused features. - **[CRITICAL]** Content-Security-Policy header is missing — CSP is the most important header for preventing XSS attacks. See the CSP section for detailed analysis. - **[WARNING]** Cross-Origin-Opener-Policy header is missing — COOP isolates your browsing context, preventing cross-origin side-channel attacks. Set to 'same-origin'. - **[WARNING]** Cross-Origin-Embedder-Policy header is missing — COEP prevents loading cross-origin resources without explicit permission. Required for SharedArrayBuffer and high-resolution timers. - **[PASS]** X-Powered-By header is not present - **[PASS]** Server header is present without version info ### Content Security Policy (F — 0/100) *No enforcing CSP policy found* - **[CRITICAL]** No Content-Security-Policy header found — CSP is the most effective defense against XSS attacks. Add a Content-Security-Policy header to restrict resource loading. ### TLS & Certificates (A+ — 100/100) *TLS 1.3, 7 checks passed* - **[PASS]** TLS 1.3 is used - **[PASS]** Strong cipher suite is used - **[INFO]** HTTP/2 is not negotiated — HTTP/2 provides multiplexing and header compression for better performance. - **[PASS]** Certificate is valid (expires in 138 days) - **[PASS]** Certificate chain has 3 certificates - **[PASS]** Certificate uses modern signature algorithm - **[PASS]** Certificate covers 2 domain(s) - **[PASS]** Certificate is issued by a trusted CA ### Cookie Security (A+ — 100/100) *No cookies set — no cookie security risks* - **[PASS]** No cookies set — no cookie security risks --- ## Advanced Security ### Subresource Integrity (F — 20/100) *0 of 3 external resources have SRI* - **[WARNING]** External script from cdn.cookielaw.org lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code. - **[WARNING]** External script from www.googletagmanager.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code. - **[WARNING]** External script from cdn.cookielaw.org lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code. ### JS Library Vulnerabilities (A+ — 100/100) *No known vulnerabilities* - **[PASS]** No known JavaScript library vulnerabilities detected ### Information Leakage (A+ — 100/100) *No exposures* - **[PASS]** security.txt is present — good practice - **[PASS]** No sensitive files exposed ### Email Security (F — 30/100) *No DMARC* - **[WARNING]** No DMARC record found — Without DMARC, email receivers have no policy for handling authentication failures. ### Permissions-Policy (D — 40/100) *No header set* - **[WARNING]** No Permissions-Policy header — Consider adding a Permissions-Policy header to restrict browser feature access from embedded content. ### CORS Configuration (B — 80/100) *No CORS headers* - **[PASS]** No CORS headers present — secure default --- ## Performance ### Page Weight Budget (F — 8/100) *3.6 MB transferred, 43 requests* - **[WARNING]** Page weighs 9.3 MB (3.6 MB transferred) - **[WARNING]** Images are 2.0 MB — compress or use modern formats — Convert images to WebP/AVIF and resize to display dimensions to reduce transfer size. - **[WARNING]** JavaScript is 1.2 MB — consider code splitting or lazy loading — Large JavaScript bundles delay interactivity. Split code by route or defer non-critical scripts. - **[INFO]** Fonts are 219 KB — consider subsetting or using system fonts — Subset fonts to include only used characters, or switch to system font stacks. - **[PASS]** 43 HTTP requests - **[INFO]** Estimated 0.77 g CO2 per page load ### Third-Party Impact (D — 50/100) *100% third-party, 0 ms blocking* - **[WARNING]** Third-party code accounts for 100% of page weight (3.6 MiB of 3.6 MiB) - **[PASS]** Third-party blocking time is low (0 ms) ### Text Compression (A+ — 100/100) *All text resources are compressed* - **[PASS]** All text resources are compressed ### Image Optimization (C — 60/100) *19 images, 0 KB saveable* - **[WARNING]** https://ethz.ch/etc/designs/ethz/img/icons/svg/lin... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift — Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS. - **[WARNING]** https://ethz.ch/de/news-und-veranstaltungen/eth-ne... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift — Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS. - **[WARNING]** is missing width/height — may cause layout shift — Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS. - **[WARNING]** https://ethz.ch/etc/designs/ethz/img/icons/svg/ins... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift — Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS. - **[WARNING]** https://ethz.ch/etc/designs/ethz/img/icons/svg/you... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift — Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS. - **[WARNING]** https://ethz.ch/etc/designs/ethz/img/icons/svg/tik... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift — Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS. - **[WARNING]** https://ethz.ch/etc/designs/ethz/img/icons/svg/fac... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift — Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS. - **[WARNING]** https://ethz.ch/etc/designs/ethz/img/icons/svg/rss... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift — Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS. ### JS Execution Cost (F — 20/100) *4408ms total JS execution* - **[WARNING]** https://ethz.ch/etc/designs/ethz/js/default.js: 2218ms CPU time - **[WARNING]** https://ethz.ch/de.html: 863ms CPU time - **[WARNING]** https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=GTM-5KC...: 593ms CPU time - **[WARNING]** Unattributable: 377ms CPU time - **[WARNING]** https://cdn.cookielaw.org/scripttemplates/202511.1...: 293ms CPU time - **[WARNING]** Third-party scripts: 4408ms (100% of total) ### Font Loading (A+ — 100/100) *4 fonts (219 KB)* - **[INFO]** 4 font(s) use font-display: swap (FOUT risk but functional) ### JS Bundles (F — 20/100) *4 scripts, 540 KB unused* - **[WARNING]** https://ethz.ch/etc/designs/ethz/js/default.js: 406 KB unused (42%) — Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code. - **[WARNING]** https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=GTM-5KC...: 69 KB unused (39%) — Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code. - **[WARNING]** https://cdn.cookielaw.org/scripttemplates/202511.1...: 66 KB unused (53%) — Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code. - **[INFO]** Total unused JavaScript: 540 KB ### Resource Caching (A+ — 100/100) *All resources properly cached* - **[PASS]** No caching issues found ### Critical Rendering Path (A+ — 100/100) *No render-blocking resources* - **[PASS]** No render-blocking resources detected ### Resource Hints (A+ — 100/100) *No optimization needed* - **[PASS]** No resource hint issues ### Render-Blocking Resources (A+ — 100/100) *No render-blocking resources detected* - **[PASS]** No render-blocking resources detected in ### Third-Party Resources (A+ — 100/100) *No third-party resources detected* --- ## Content Quality ### Links (A — 90/100) *125 links checked, 123 healthy, 2 broken* - **[WARNING]** 123 of 125 links are healthy - **[CRITICAL]** Broken link: https://www.linkedin.com/school/eth-zurich/ — Found in . Returns HTTP 999. - **[CRITICAL]** Broken link: https://www.instagram.com/ethzurich/ — Found in . Returns HTTP 429. ### Mixed Content (A+ — 100/100) *No mixed content detected — all resources use HTTPS.* - **[PASS]** No mixed content detected — all resources use HTTPS ### Open Graph (B — 80/100) *Open Graph tags are partially configured — some improvements recommended.* - **[WARNING]** Missing og:description — The og:description tag controls the description in social sharing previews. - **[INFO]** og:title is short (21 characters) — Ideal length is 25–60 characters for social sharing previews. - **[INFO]** Missing og:type — The og:type tag helps social platforms categorize the content. ### Structured Data (C — 40/100) *No structured data (JSON-LD) found.* - **[INFO]** No structured data (JSON-LD) found — Adding structured data helps search engines understand your content and can enable rich results. --- ## Infrastructure ### DNS Records (A — 85/100) *1 A records, 105 ms lookup* - **[PASS]** Resolves to 1 IPv4 address(es) - **[INFO]** Single A record — no DNS redundancy — Multiple A records provide failover if one server goes down. - **[PASS]** Has 1 IPv6 (AAAA) record(s) - **[INFO]** No NS records found - **[INFO]** No MX records — email not configured via DNS - **[INFO]** CAA records not checked — CAA record lookup requires a specialized DNS resolver. This check will be available in a future update. - **[INFO]** No SPF record found in TXT records — SPF helps prevent email spoofing. Add a TXT record starting with 'v=spf1'. - **[PASS]** DNS resolution time: 105 ms ### Redirect Chain (B — 70/100) *2 redirect(s), 841 ms total* - **[WARNING]** 2 redirects before reaching final URL — Each redirect adds latency. Try to minimize the chain to 1 hop. - **[INFO]** WWW normalization redirect - **[INFO]** Redirect overhead: 841 ms total ### IPv6 Readiness (A+ — 100/100) *IPv6 reachable (87 ms)* - **[PASS]** IPv6 is configured and reachable at 2001:67c:10ec:254::216 ### Crawlability (B — 75/100) *no robots.txt, no sitemap* - **[INFO]** No robots.txt found — robots.txt is optional but recommended. It tells search engine crawlers which pages to index. - **[INFO]** No sitemap.xml found — A sitemap helps search engines discover and index your pages more efficiently. ### URL Variants (A+ — 100/100) *www/non-www, trailing slash, HTTP→HTTPS* - **[PASS]** www/non-www redirect configured correctly (preferred: www) - **[PASS]** HTTP correctly 301-redirects to HTTPS ### Domain Intelligence *Domain intelligence data not available* --- ## Compliance ### WCAG Compliance (A+ — 100/100) *No testable criteria* ### Cookie Consent & Privacy (A — 85/100) *No consent signals detected* - **[WARNING]** No privacy policy link detected — A privacy policy page is recommended for transparency and may be legally required. - **[PASS]** Terms of service link found - **[INFO]** No cookie consent banner detected - **[INFO]** This is an automated check, not legal advice — BeaverCheck detects technical indicators of consent management. This does not constitute a legal compliance assessment. Consult a privacy professional for GDPR/CCPA compliance. ### Language & i18n (A — 90/100) *Lang attribute present* - **[PASS]** attribute is present - **[PASS]** value is valid - **[INFO]** No Content-Language HTTP header - **[INFO]** Language signals are inconsistent — The attribute and Content-Language header should agree. ### Readability & Typography (A+ — 100/100) *Font sizes and tap targets checked* ### Viewport Configuration (A+ — 100/100) *Viewport properly configured* - **[PASS]** Viewport meta tag is present - **[PASS]** width=device-width is set - **[PASS]** User zooming is allowed ### Third-Party Trackers (C — 55/100) *1 trackers detected* - **[INFO]** 1 third-party trackers detected — Found 0 analytics, 0 advertising, 0 marketing, 1 tag manager trackers. - **[WARNING]** Trackers detected but no cookie policy found — This page loads 1 trackers but no cookie policy was detected. GDPR requires disclosure when using tracking cookies. - **[WARNING]** Trackers detected but no privacy policy found — Most data protection regulations require a privacy policy when collecting user data via trackers. --- ## Legal ### Legal Page Ecosystem (F — 35/100) *1 of 7 expected legal pages detected* - **[PASS]** Privacy Policy detected — Found at /de/footer/datenschutz.html, linked from footer. - **[WARNING]** Terms of Service not detected — No link matching common Terms of Service URL patterns or link text was found. Most websites are expected to have a Terms of Service, especially those collecting user data. - **[INFO]** Cookie Policy not detected — No link matching common Cookie Policy URL patterns or link text was found. Most websites are expected to have a Cookie Policy, especially those collecting user data. - **[INFO]** Accessibility Statement not detected — No link matching common Accessibility Statement URL patterns or link text was found. Most websites are expected to have a Accessibility Statement, especially those collecting user data. - **[INFO]** DMCA / Copyright Notice not detected — No link matching common DMCA / Copyright Notice URL patterns or link text was found. Most websites are expected to have a DMCA / Copyright Notice, especially those collecting user data. - **[INFO]** Refund / Returns Policy not detected — No link matching common Refund / Returns Policy URL patterns or link text was found. Most websites are expected to have a Refund / Returns Policy, especially those collecting user data. - **[INFO]** Acceptable Use Policy not detected — No link matching common Acceptable Use Policy URL patterns or link text was found. Most websites are expected to have a Acceptable Use Policy, especially those collecting user data. ### Copyright Notice (A+ — 100/100) *© 2026 Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich JavaSc* - **[PASS]** Copyright notice is up to date — Copyright notice is up to date: © 2026 Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich JavaSc - **[PASS]** Copyright holder: Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich JavaSc ### Regulatory Indicators *1 regulatory indicator(s) detected* - **[INFO]** This is a technical scan, not a legal assessment — BeaverCheck detects technical indicators that may suggest regulatory relevance. This is not a compliance audit and should not be relied upon for legal decisions. Consult qualified legal counsel for compliance assessments. - **[INFO]** GDPR indicators detected (strong confidence) — Indicators suggesting GDPR may be relevant: Consent management platform detected: cookielaw.org; Privacy policy page found. EU General Data Protection Regulation — governs collection and processing of personal data of EU residents. ### Third-Party Data Sharing *1 third-party service(s) detected* - **[INFO]** Data inventory for transparency purposes — This inventory identifies third-party services that receive data from your site visitors. Under regulations like GDPR (Article 30), maintaining records of data processing activities is commonly considered a best practice. This automated scan provides a starting point — it may not capture all data flows. - **[INFO]** 1 third-party services across 1 categories — 1 third-party services detected across 1 categories: Tag Management (1). Each of these services receives some user data from your site visitors. - **[INFO]** Google Tag Manager (Tag Management) — Detected via script URL. Typically collects: Orchestrates other tracking scripts, Page views. Privacy policy: https://policies.google.com/privacy. Data Processing Agreement available. ### Compliance Badges (C — 55/100) *0 compliance badge(s) detected* - **[INFO]** No compliance badges detected — No recognized compliance certification badges or seals were found. This is common — many sites do not display compliance badges. --- ## Availability ### CDN & Delivery (D — 50/100) *No CDN detected* - **[WARNING]** No CDN detected — A CDN can significantly improve load times for users around the world by caching content at edge nodes closer to them. ### HTTP Caching (F — 30/100) *No cache headers* - **[WARNING]** No Cache-Control header found — Browsers will use heuristic caching, which can be unpredictable. Set explicit cache headers. ### Transport Security (B — 75/100) *HTTP/3, HSTS, and TLS version analysis* - **[INFO]** HTTP/3 (QUIC) not advertised — HTTP/3 eliminates head-of-line blocking. If your CDN supports it, consider enabling it. - **[WARNING]** Missing Strict-Transport-Security header — HSTS tells browsers to only use HTTPS, preventing SSL stripping attacks. - **[PASS]** TLS 1.3 in use (fastest handshake, 1-RTT) --- ## Accessibility ### Landmark Structure (D — 50/100) *18 landmarks* - **[CRITICAL]** No
landmark found — Screen reader users cannot quickly navigate to the primary content. Wrap your main content in
. - **[PASS]** 8