# BeaverCheck Audit Report — https://cochrane.org **Date:** April 22, 2026 **URL:** https://cochrane.org **Overall Grade:** C (74/100) **Report:** https://beavercheck.com/results/acae6da0-69b9-4f91-9f58-cf77ab85f7a2 ## Top Findings 1. **[CRITICAL]** Content-Security-Policy header is missing — Security > Security Headers 2. **[CRITICAL]** HSTS header is missing — Security > Security Headers 3. **[CRITICAL]** No Content-Security-Policy header found — Security > Content Security Policy 4. **[CRITICAL]** 1 control(s) without accessible label — Accessibility > Form Accessibility 5. **[CRITICAL]** 4 link(s) with no accessible text — Accessibility > Link & Button Quality --- ## Lighthouse Scores | Category | Score | |----------|-------| | Performance | 52 | | Accessibility | 87 | | Best Practices | 100 | | SEO | 92 | --- ## Security ### Security Headers (F — 5/100) *1 of 10 headers properly configured* - **[CRITICAL]** HSTS header is missing — Strict-Transport-Security forces browsers to use HTTPS, preventing downgrade attacks. Add the header with a max-age of at least 1 year. - **[WARNING]** X-Content-Type-Options header is missing — This header prevents MIME-type sniffing, which can lead to XSS attacks. Set it to 'nosniff'. - **[WARNING]** X-Frame-Options header is missing — This header prevents clickjacking by controlling who can embed your page in a frame. Set it to DENY or SAMEORIGIN. - **[WARNING]** Referrer-Policy header is missing — Controls how much referrer information is sent with requests. Set to 'strict-origin-when-cross-origin' or stricter. - **[WARNING]** Permissions-Policy header is missing — Controls which browser features (camera, microphone, geolocation) are allowed. Set it to restrict unused features. - **[CRITICAL]** Content-Security-Policy header is missing — CSP is the most important header for preventing XSS attacks. See the CSP section for detailed analysis. - **[WARNING]** Cross-Origin-Opener-Policy header is missing — COOP isolates your browsing context, preventing cross-origin side-channel attacks. Set to 'same-origin'. - **[WARNING]** Cross-Origin-Embedder-Policy header is missing — COEP prevents loading cross-origin resources without explicit permission. Required for SharedArrayBuffer and high-resolution timers. - **[PASS]** X-Powered-By header is not present - **[WARNING]** Server header reveals version information — The Server header discloses the software version, aiding attackers in targeting known vulnerabilities. Remove the version number. ### Content Security Policy (F — 0/100) *No enforcing CSP policy found* - **[CRITICAL]** No Content-Security-Policy header found — CSP is the most effective defense against XSS attacks. Add a Content-Security-Policy header to restrict resource loading. ### TLS & Certificates (A+ — 100/100) *TLS 1.2, 7 checks passed* - **[PASS]** TLS 1.2 is used - **[INFO]** TLS 1.3 is not negotiated — TLS 1.3 offers improved performance and security. Consider enabling it. - **[PASS]** Strong cipher suite is used - **[INFO]** HTTP/2 is not negotiated — HTTP/2 provides multiplexing and header compression for better performance. - **[PASS]** Certificate is valid (expires in 75 days) - **[PASS]** Certificate chain has 3 certificates - **[PASS]** Certificate uses modern signature algorithm - **[PASS]** Certificate covers 2 domain(s) - **[PASS]** Certificate is issued by a trusted CA ### Cookie Security (A+ — 100/100) *No cookies set — no cookie security risks* - **[PASS]** No cookies set — no cookie security risks --- ## Advanced Security ### Subresource Integrity (F — 20/100) *0 of 1 external resources have SRI* - **[WARNING]** External script from cdn.matomo.cloud lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code. ### JS Library Vulnerabilities (A+ — 100/100) *No known vulnerabilities* - **[PASS]** No known JavaScript library vulnerabilities detected ### Information Leakage (A+ — 100/100) *No exposures* - **[INFO]** No security.txt found — Consider adding a security.txt at /.well-known/security.txt. - **[PASS]** No sensitive files exposed ### Email Security (A — 85/100) *DMARC: quarantine* - **[PASS]** DMARC policy is quarantine — good protection ### Permissions-Policy (D — 40/100) *No header set* - **[WARNING]** No Permissions-Policy header — Consider adding a Permissions-Policy header to restrict browser feature access from embedded content. ### CORS Configuration (B — 80/100) *No CORS headers* - **[PASS]** No CORS headers present — secure default --- ## Performance ### Page Weight Budget (F — 25/100) *3.1 MB transferred, 62 requests* - **[WARNING]** Page weighs 6.7 MB (3.1 MB transferred) - **[WARNING]** JavaScript is 1.8 MB — consider code splitting or lazy loading — Large JavaScript bundles delay interactivity. Split code by route or defer non-critical scripts. - **[WARNING]** Images are 1.0 MB — compress or use modern formats — Convert images to WebP/AVIF and resize to display dimensions to reduce transfer size. - **[INFO]** 62 HTTP requests - **[INFO]** Estimated 0.64 g CO2 per page load ### Third-Party Impact (D — 50/100) *100% third-party, 0 ms blocking* - **[WARNING]** Third-party code accounts for 100% of page weight (3.1 MiB of 3.1 MiB) - **[PASS]** Third-party blocking time is low (0 ms) ### Text Compression (A+ — 100/100) *All text resources are compressed* - **[PASS]** All text resources are compressed ### Image Optimization (C — 65/100) *20 images, 0 KB saveable* - **[WARNING]** https://www.cochrane.org/themes/custom/cochrane_hs... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift — Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS. - **[WARNING]** https://www.cochrane.org/themes/custom/cochrane_hs... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift — Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS. ### JS Execution Cost (C — 60/100) *1963ms total JS execution* - **[WARNING]** https://www.cochrane.org/: 512ms CPU time - **[WARNING]** https://www.cochrane.org/libraries/fontawesome/js/...: 324ms CPU time - **[WARNING]** Unattributable: 310ms CPU time - **[WARNING]** https://www.cochrane.org/libraries/fontawesome/js/...: 290ms CPU time - **[WARNING]** https://cdn.matomo.cloud/cochrane-org.matomo.cloud...: 266ms CPU time - **[WARNING]** Third-party scripts: 1963ms (100% of total) ### Font Loading (A+ — 100/100) *6 fonts (80 KB)* - **[INFO]** 6 font(s) use font-display: swap (FOUT risk but functional) ### JS Bundles (A — 90/100) *24 scripts, 30 KB unused* - **[WARNING]** https://cdn.matomo.cloud/cochrane-org.matomo.cloud...: 30 KB unused (53%) — Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code. - **[WARNING]** https://www.cochrane.org/core/misc/drupal.js?v=10....: unminified — 5 KB could be saved - **[INFO]** Total unused JavaScript: 30 KB ### Resource Caching (A+ — 100/100) *All resources properly cached* - **[PASS]** No caching issues found ### Critical Rendering Path (A+ — 100/100) *No render-blocking resources* - **[PASS]** No render-blocking resources detected ### Resource Hints (A+ — 100/100) *No optimization needed* - **[PASS]** No resource hint issues ### Page Weight Inventory (D — 45/100) *62 resources · 3.1 MB · 30 KB savings available* - **[WARNING]** Page weight 2.1 MB over 1MB target - **[WARNING]** 61 third-party resources (100% of weight) - **[INFO]** 4 resources over 200KB ### Render-Blocking Resources (A+ — 100/100) *No render-blocking resources detected* - **[PASS]** No render-blocking resources detected in ### Third-Party Resources (A+ — 100/100) *No third-party resources detected* --- ## Content Quality ### Links (B — 86/100) *107 links checked, 103 healthy, 2 broken* - **[WARNING]** 103 of 107 links are healthy - **[INFO]** Long redirect chain: https://cochrane.org/cochranelogin (3 hops) - **[CRITICAL]** Broken link: https://www.cochranelibrary.com/ — Found in . Returns HTTP 412. - **[CRITICAL]** Broken link: https://www.cochranelibrary.com — Found in . Returns HTTP 412. - **[INFO]** Long redirect chain: https://links.cochrane.org/youtube (3 hops) ### Mixed Content (A+ — 100/100) *No mixed content detected — all resources use HTTPS.* - **[PASS]** No mixed content detected — all resources use HTTPS ### Open Graph (F — 55/100) *Open Graph tags need attention — social sharing previews may be incomplete.* - **[WARNING]** Missing og:title — The og:title tag controls the title shown in social sharing previews. - **[WARNING]** Missing og:description — The og:description tag controls the description in social sharing previews. - **[INFO]** Missing og:url — The og:url tag specifies the canonical URL for the shared content. - **[INFO]** Missing og:type — The og:type tag helps social platforms categorize the content. - **[INFO]** Missing og:site_name — The og:site_name tag displays the website name in social previews. ### Structured Data (C — 40/100) *No structured data (JSON-LD) found.* - **[INFO]** No structured data (JSON-LD) found — Adding structured data helps search engines understand your content and can enable rich results. --- ## Infrastructure ### DNS Records (A+ — 95/100) *1 A records, 27 ms lookup* - **[PASS]** Resolves to 1 IPv4 address(es) - **[INFO]** Single A record — no DNS redundancy — Multiple A records provide failover if one server goes down. - **[INFO]** No IPv6 (AAAA) records - **[PASS]** 4 nameserver(s) configured - **[PASS]** 1 mail exchanger(s) configured - **[INFO]** CAA records not checked — CAA record lookup requires a specialized DNS resolver. This check will be available in a future update. - **[PASS]** SPF record present in TXT - **[PASS]** DNS resolution time: 27 ms ### Redirect Chain (A — 90/100) *1 redirect(s), 252 ms total* - **[PASS]** Single redirect - **[INFO]** WWW normalization redirect ### IPv6 Readiness (C — 60/100) *No IPv6 support* - **[INFO]** No IPv6 (AAAA) records found — IPv6 support is increasingly important for global accessibility. About 40% of internet users have IPv6 connectivity. ### Crawlability (A+ — 95/100) *robots.txt present, sitemap with 36 URLs* - **[PASS]** robots.txt is present - **[PASS]** sitemap.xml is present - **[PASS]** sitemap.xml is valid XML - **[PASS]** sitemap.xml contains 36 entries - **[PASS]** Sitemap index with 36 child sitemaps - **[INFO]** robots.txt does not reference a sitemap — Add a 'Sitemap:' directive to robots.txt so search engines can discover your sitemap. ### URL Variants (B — 75/100) *www/non-www, trailing slash, HTTP→HTTPS* - **[CRITICAL]** Both www and non-www versions serve content - **[PASS]** HTTP correctly 301-redirects to HTTPS ### Domain Intelligence (A+ — 100/100) *cochrane.org — via Tucows Domains Inc., 29 years, 8 months old, hosted on AWS* - **[PASS]** Domain registered until Jan 21, 2028 (1 years, 9 months remaining) - **[INFO]** DNSSEC is not enabled — DNSSEC protects against DNS spoofing attacks. While not required, enabling DNSSEC adds an additional layer of security. Contact your DNS provider to enable it. - **[PASS]** Registrar: Tucows Domains Inc. - **[WARNING]** Registrar lock is NOT enabled — The domain can be transferred without an unlock step. Enable registrar lock (clientTransferProhibited) in your registrar's control panel to protect against unauthorized or accidental transfers. - **[PASS]** Hosting: AWS --- ## Compliance ### WCAG Compliance (A+ — 100/100) *No testable criteria* ### Cookie Consent & Privacy (B — 80/100) *No consent signals detected* - **[WARNING]** No privacy policy link detected — A privacy policy page is recommended for transparency and may be legally required. - **[INFO]** No terms of service link detected - **[INFO]** No cookie consent banner detected - **[INFO]** This is an automated check, not legal advice — BeaverCheck detects technical indicators of consent management. This does not constitute a legal compliance assessment. Consult a privacy professional for GDPR/CCPA compliance. ### Language & i18n (A — 90/100) *Lang attribute present* - **[PASS]** attribute is present - **[PASS]** value is valid - **[INFO]** No Content-Language HTTP header - **[INFO]** Language signals are inconsistent — The attribute and Content-Language header should agree. ### Readability & Typography (A+ — 100/100) *Font sizes and tap targets checked* ### Viewport Configuration (A+ — 100/100) *Viewport properly configured* - **[PASS]** Viewport meta tag is present - **[PASS]** width=device-width is set - **[PASS]** User zooming is allowed ### Third-Party Trackers (C — 55/100) *4 trackers detected* - **[INFO]** 4 third-party trackers detected — Found 4 analytics, 0 advertising, 0 marketing, 0 tag manager trackers. - **[WARNING]** Trackers detected but no cookie policy found — This page loads 4 trackers but no cookie policy was detected. GDPR requires disclosure when using tracking cookies. - **[WARNING]** Trackers detected but no privacy policy found — Most data protection regulations require a privacy policy when collecting user data via trackers. ### Cookie & Tracker Inventory (A+ — 100/100) *0 cookies · 4 trackers · 0 pre-consent* - **[INFO]** 4 third-party tracker(s) detected on page --- ## Legal ### Legal Page Ecosystem (D — 50/100) *2 of 7 expected legal pages detected* - **[PASS]** Privacy Policy detected — Found at /privacy-policy#disclaimer, linked from footer. - **[WARNING]** Terms of Service not detected — No link matching common Terms of Service URL patterns or link text was found. Most websites are expected to have a Terms of Service, especially those collecting user data. - **[PASS]** Cookie Policy detected — Found at /privacy-policy#cookies-policy, linked from footer. - **[INFO]** Accessibility Statement not detected — No link matching common Accessibility Statement URL patterns or link text was found. Most websites are expected to have a Accessibility Statement, especially those collecting user data. - **[INFO]** DMCA / Copyright Notice not detected — No link matching common DMCA / Copyright Notice URL patterns or link text was found. Most websites are expected to have a DMCA / Copyright Notice, especially those collecting user data. - **[INFO]** Refund / Returns Policy not detected — No link matching common Refund / Returns Policy URL patterns or link text was found. Most websites are expected to have a Refund / Returns Policy, especially those collecting user data. - **[INFO]** Acceptable Use Policy not detected — No link matching common Acceptable Use Policy URL patterns or link text was found. Most websites are expected to have a Acceptable Use Policy, especially those collecting user data. ### Copyright Notice (A+ — 100/100) *© 2026 The Cochrane Collaboration Website Terms & Conditi* - **[PASS]** Copyright notice is up to date — Copyright notice is up to date: © 2026 The Cochrane Collaboration Website Terms & Conditi - **[PASS]** Copyright holder: The Cochrane Collaboration Website Terms & Conditi ### Regulatory Indicators *1 regulatory indicator(s) detected* - **[INFO]** This is a technical scan, not a legal assessment — BeaverCheck detects technical indicators that may suggest regulatory relevance. This is not a compliance audit and should not be relied upon for legal decisions. Consult qualified legal counsel for compliance assessments. - **[INFO]** GDPR indicators detected (moderate confidence) — Indicators suggesting GDPR may be relevant: Privacy policy page found. EU General Data Protection Regulation — governs collection and processing of personal data of EU residents. ### Third-Party Data Sharing *0 third-party service(s) detected* - **[INFO]** Data inventory for transparency purposes — This inventory identifies third-party services that receive data from your site visitors. Under regulations like GDPR (Article 30), maintaining records of data processing activities is commonly considered a best practice. This automated scan provides a starting point — it may not capture all data flows. - **[INFO]** No recognized third-party data-sharing services detected — This page does not appear to load external tracking, analytics, or advertising scripts. ### Compliance Badges (B — 70/100) *1 compliance badge(s) detected* - **[PASS]** TRUSTe / TrustArc badge detected — Found via body text: 'truste'. Note: the presence of a badge does not verify the certification is current or valid. --- ## Availability ### CDN & Delivery (A+ — 100/100) *Varnish (HIT)* - **[PASS]** Site is served via Varnish CDN - **[PASS]** CDN cache status: HIT ### HTTP Caching (F — 30/100) *No cache headers* - **[WARNING]** No Cache-Control header found — Browsers will use heuristic caching, which can be unpredictable. Set explicit cache headers. ### Transport Security (B — 75/100) *HTTP/3, HSTS, and TLS version analysis* - **[INFO]** HTTP/3 (QUIC) not advertised — HTTP/3 eliminates head-of-line blocking. If your CDN supports it, consider enabling it. - **[WARNING]** Missing Strict-Transport-Security header — HSTS tells browsers to only use HTTPS, preventing SSL stripping attacks. --- ## Accessibility ### Landmark Structure (A — 85/100) *3 landmarks* - **[PASS]**
landmark present - **[WARNING]** No