# BeaverCheck Audit Report — https://www.coursera.org

**Date:** April 7, 2026  
**URL:** https://www.coursera.org  
**Overall Grade:** C (76/100)  
**Report:** https://beavercheck.com/results/b4433154-a37f-372a-2cbe-ebcb573731b9

## Top Findings

1. **[CRITICAL]** Content-Security-Policy header is missing — Security > Security Headers
2. **[CRITICAL]** Cookie '__204u' is missing the Secure flag — Security > Cookie Security
3. **[CRITICAL]** No Content-Security-Policy header found — Security > Content Security Policy
4. **[CRITICAL]** 13 image-only link(s) without alt text — Accessibility > Link & Button Quality
5. **[WARNING]** 134 HTTP requests — consider bundling or reducing — Performance > Page Weight Budget

---

## Lighthouse Scores

| Category | Score |
|----------|-------|
| Performance | 38 |
| Accessibility | 97 |
| Best Practices | 73 |
| SEO | 100 |

---

## Security

### Security Headers (D — 45/100)

*4 of 10 headers properly configured*

- **[PASS]** Strict-Transport-Security is properly configured
- **[PASS]** X-Content-Type-Options is properly configured
- **[PASS]** X-Frame-Options is properly configured
- **[WARNING]** Referrer-Policy header is missing — Controls how much referrer information is sent with requests. Set to 'strict-origin-when-cross-origin' or stricter.
- **[WARNING]** Permissions-Policy header is missing — Controls which browser features (camera, microphone, geolocation) are allowed. Set it to restrict unused features.
- **[CRITICAL]** Content-Security-Policy header is missing — CSP is the most important header for preventing XSS attacks. See the CSP section for detailed analysis.
- **[WARNING]** Cross-Origin-Opener-Policy header is missing — COOP isolates your browsing context, preventing cross-origin side-channel attacks. Set to 'same-origin'.
- **[WARNING]** Cross-Origin-Embedder-Policy header is missing — COEP prevents loading cross-origin resources without explicit permission. Required for SharedArrayBuffer and high-resolution timers.
- **[WARNING]** X-Powered-By header reveals technology stack — This header discloses server technology (e.g. Express, PHP), helping attackers target known vulnerabilities. Remove it.
- **[PASS]** Server header is present without version info

### Content Security Policy (F — 0/100)

*No enforcing CSP policy found*

- **[CRITICAL]** No Content-Security-Policy header found — CSP is the most effective defense against XSS attacks. Add a Content-Security-Policy header to restrict resource loading.

### TLS & Certificates (A+ — 100/100)

*TLS 1.3, 7 checks passed*

- **[PASS]** TLS 1.3 is used
- **[PASS]** Strong cipher suite is used
- **[INFO]** HTTP/2 is not negotiated — HTTP/2 provides multiplexing and header compression for better performance.
- **[PASS]** Certificate is valid (expires in 182 days)
- **[PASS]** Certificate chain has 3 certificates
- **[PASS]** Certificate uses modern signature algorithm
- **[PASS]** Certificate covers 2 domain(s)
- **[PASS]** Certificate is issued by a trusted CA

### Cookie Security (B — 70/100)

*2 cookies analyzed, 2 checks passed*

- **[PASS]** Cookie 'CSRF3-Token' has the Secure flag
- **[WARNING]** Cookie 'CSRF3-Token' is missing the HttpOnly flag — Without HttpOnly, this cookie can be accessed by JavaScript, making it vulnerable to XSS-based theft.
- **[PASS]** Cookie 'CSRF3-Token' has SameSite=None
- **[CRITICAL]** Cookie '__204u' is missing the Secure flag — Without the Secure flag, this cookie can be sent over unencrypted HTTP, exposing it to interception.
- **[WARNING]** Cookie '__204u' is missing the HttpOnly flag — Without HttpOnly, this cookie can be accessed by JavaScript, making it vulnerable to XSS-based theft.
- **[WARNING]** Cookie '__204u' has no SameSite attribute — Without an explicit SameSite attribute, browser default behavior varies. Set SameSite=Lax or Strict.

---

## Advanced Security

### Subresource Integrity (D — 40/100)

*1 of 21 external resources have SRI*

- **[WARNING]** External link from d3njjcbhbojbot.cloudfront.net lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code.
- **[WARNING]** External script from d3njjcbhbojbot.cloudfront.net lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code.
- **[WARNING]** External script from d3njjcbhbojbot.cloudfront.net lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code.
- **[WARNING]** External script from d3njjcbhbojbot.cloudfront.net lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code.
- **[WARNING]** External script from d3njjcbhbojbot.cloudfront.net lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code.
- **[WARNING]** External script from d3njjcbhbojbot.cloudfront.net lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code.
- **[WARNING]** External script from d3njjcbhbojbot.cloudfront.net lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code.
- **[WARNING]** External script from d3njjcbhbojbot.cloudfront.net lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code.
- **[WARNING]** External script from d3njjcbhbojbot.cloudfront.net lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code.
- **[WARNING]** External script from d3njjcbhbojbot.cloudfront.net lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code.
- **[WARNING]** External script from d3njjcbhbojbot.cloudfront.net lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code.
- **[WARNING]** External script from d3njjcbhbojbot.cloudfront.net lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code.
- **[WARNING]** External script from d3njjcbhbojbot.cloudfront.net lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code.
- **[WARNING]** External script from d3njjcbhbojbot.cloudfront.net lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code.
- **[WARNING]** External script from d3njjcbhbojbot.cloudfront.net lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code.
- **[WARNING]** External script from d3njjcbhbojbot.cloudfront.net lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code.
- **[WARNING]** External script from d3njjcbhbojbot.cloudfront.net lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code.
- **[WARNING]** External script from d3njjcbhbojbot.cloudfront.net lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code.
- **[WARNING]** External script from d3njjcbhbojbot.cloudfront.net lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code.
- **[WARNING]** External script from d3njjcbhbojbot.cloudfront.net lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code.
- **[PASS]** script from browser.sentry-cdn.com has SRI protection

### JS Library Vulnerabilities (A+ — 100/100)

*No known vulnerabilities*

- **[PASS]** No known JavaScript library vulnerabilities detected

### Information Leakage (A+ — 100/100)

*No exposures*

- **[INFO]** No security.txt found — Consider adding a security.txt at /.well-known/security.txt.
- **[PASS]** No sensitive files exposed

### Email Security (F — 30/100)

*No DMARC*

- **[WARNING]** No DMARC record found — Without DMARC, email receivers have no policy for handling authentication failures.

### Permissions-Policy (D — 40/100)

*No header set*

- **[WARNING]** No Permissions-Policy header — Consider adding a Permissions-Policy header to restrict browser feature access from embedded content.

### CORS Configuration (B — 80/100)

*No CORS headers*

- **[PASS]** No CORS headers present — secure default

---

## Performance

### Page Weight Budget (D — 44/100)

*2.4 MB transferred, 134 requests*

- **[INFO]** Page weighs 7.7 MB (2.4 MB transferred)
- **[WARNING]** JavaScript is 1.8 MB — consider code splitting or lazy loading — Large JavaScript bundles delay interactivity. Split code by route or defer non-critical scripts.
- **[WARNING]** 134 HTTP requests — consider bundling or reducing — Each request adds latency. Bundle small files, use sprites, or eliminate unnecessary requests.
- **[INFO]** Estimated 0.51 g CO2 per page load

### Third-Party Impact (D — 50/100)

*95% third-party, 0 ms blocking*

- **[WARNING]** Third-party code accounts for 95% of page weight (2.3 MiB of 2.4 MiB)
- **[PASS]** Third-party blocking time is low (0 ms)

### Text Compression (A+ — 100/100)

*All text resources are compressed*

- **[PASS]** All text resources are compressed

### Image Optimization (C — 60/100)

*75 images, 0 KB saveable*

- **[WARNING]** https://d3njjcbhbojbot.cloudfront.net/api/utilitie... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift — Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.
- **[WARNING]** https://d3njjcbhbojbot.cloudfront.net/api/utilitie... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift — Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.
- **[WARNING]** https://d3njjcbhbojbot.cloudfront.net/api/utilitie... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift — Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.
- **[WARNING]** https://d3njjcbhbojbot.cloudfront.net/api/utilitie... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift — Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.
- **[WARNING]** https://d3njjcbhbojbot.cloudfront.net/api/utilitie... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift — Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.
- **[WARNING]** https://d3njjcbhbojbot.cloudfront.net/api/utilitie... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift — Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.
- **[WARNING]** https://d3njjcbhbojbot.cloudfront.net/api/utilitie... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift — Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.
- **[WARNING]** https://d3njjcbhbojbot.cloudfront.net/api/utilitie... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift — Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.
- **[WARNING]** https://d3njjcbhbojbot.cloudfront.net/api/utilitie... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift — Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.
- **[WARNING]** https://d3njjcbhbojbot.cloudfront.net/api/utilitie... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift — Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.
- **[WARNING]** https://d3njjcbhbojbot.cloudfront.net/api/utilitie... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift — Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.
- **[WARNING]** https://d3njjcbhbojbot.cloudfront.net/api/utilitie... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift — Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.
- **[WARNING]** https://d3njjcbhbojbot.cloudfront.net/api/utilitie... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift — Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.
- **[WARNING]** https://d3njjcbhbojbot.cloudfront.net/api/utilitie... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift — Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.
- **[WARNING]** https://d3njjcbhbojbot.cloudfront.net/api/utilitie... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift — Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.

### JS Execution Cost (F — 20/100)

*10177ms total JS execution*

- **[WARNING]** https://d3njjcbhbojbot.cloudfront.net/webapps/r2-b...: 3611ms CPU time
- **[WARNING]** https://www.coursera.org/: 3440ms CPU time
- **[WARNING]** Unattributable: 905ms CPU time
- **[WARNING]** https://d3njjcbhbojbot.cloudfront.net/webapps/r2-b...: 659ms CPU time
- **[WARNING]** https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=GTM-5JK...: 630ms CPU time
- **[WARNING]** Third-party scripts: 6738ms (66% of total)

### Font Loading (A+ — 100/100)

*1 fonts (29 KB)*

- **[INFO]** 1 font(s) use font-display: swap (FOUT risk but functional)

### JS Bundles (F — 20/100)

*26 scripts, 699 KB unused*

- **[WARNING]** https://d3njjcbhbojbot.cloudfront.net/webapps/r2-b...: 153 KB unused (36%) — Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code.
- **[WARNING]** https://d3njjcbhbojbot.cloudfront.net/webapps/r2-b...: 113 KB unused (49%) — Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code.
- **[WARNING]** https://d3njjcbhbojbot.cloudfront.net/webapps/r2-b...: 102 KB unused (36%) — Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code.
- **[WARNING]** https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=GTM-5JK...: 71 KB unused (31%) — Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code.
- **[WARNING]** https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client: 70 KB unused (76%) — Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code.
- **[INFO]** Total unused JavaScript: 699 KB

### Resource Caching (A+ — 100/100)

*All resources properly cached*

- **[PASS]** No caching issues found

### Critical Rendering Path (A+ — 100/100)

*No render-blocking resources*

- **[PASS]** No render-blocking resources detected

### Resource Hints (A+ — 100/100)

*7 hints, 0 missing preconnects*

- **[PASS]** Page uses 7 resource hint(s)

### Render-Blocking Resources (A+ — 100/100)

*No render-blocking resources detected*

- **[PASS]** No render-blocking resources detected in <head>

### Third-Party Resources (A+ — 100/100)

*No third-party resources detected*


---

## Content Quality

### Links (B — 84/100)

*200 links checked, 195 healthy, 2 broken*

- **[WARNING]** 195 of 200 links are healthy
- **[WARNING]** Broken link: https://d3njjcbhbojbot.cloudfront.net — Found in <link href>. Returns HTTP 404.
- **[CRITICAL]** Broken link: https://www.coursera.org/search?partners=Amazon Web Servi... — Found in <a href>. Returns HTTP 400.
- **[INFO]** Long redirect chain: https://www.coursera.community (3 hops)
- **[INFO]** Long redirect chain: https://learner.coursera.help/hc (3 hops)
- **[INFO]** Long redirect chain: https://learner.coursera.help/hc/articles/36005... (3 hops)

### Mixed Content (A+ — 100/100)

*No mixed content detected — all resources use HTTPS.*

- **[PASS]** No mixed content detected — all resources use HTTPS

### Open Graph (B — 85/100)

*Open Graph tags are partially configured — some improvements recommended.*

- **[CRITICAL]** og:image is not reachable — The og:image URL could not be fetched. Social platforms won't be able to display it.
- **[INFO]** og:title is long (65 characters) — Titles over 60 characters may be truncated in social sharing previews.
- **[INFO]** Missing twitter:card — Without twitter:card, Twitter falls back to Open Graph tags. Adding it gives you more control.

### Structured Data (A+ — 100/100)

*2 JSON-LD block(s) found — structured data is well configured.*

- **[PASS]** 2 JSON-LD blocks found

---

## Infrastructure

### DNS Records (B — 80/100)

*4 A records, 33 ms lookup*

- **[PASS]** Resolves to 4 IPv4 address(es)
- **[INFO]** No IPv6 (AAAA) records
- **[WARNING]** CNAME record at zone apex — A CNAME at the zone apex can break MX and NS records. Use ALIAS/ANAME or A records instead.
- **[INFO]** No NS records found
- **[INFO]** No MX records — email not configured via DNS
- **[INFO]** CAA records not checked — CAA record lookup requires a specialized DNS resolver. This check will be available in a future update.
- **[INFO]** No SPF record found in TXT records — SPF helps prevent email spoofing. Add a TXT record starting with 'v=spf1'.
- **[PASS]** DNS resolution time: 33 ms

### Redirect Chain (A+ — 100/100)

*No redirects — direct access*

- **[PASS]** No redirects — direct access

### IPv6 Readiness (C — 60/100)

*No IPv6 support*

- **[INFO]** No IPv6 (AAAA) records found — IPv6 support is increasingly important for global accessibility. About 40% of internet users have IPv6 connectivity.

### Crawlability (A+ — 100/100)

*robots.txt present, sitemap with 18 URLs*

- **[PASS]** robots.txt is present
- **[PASS]** sitemap.xml is present
- **[PASS]** sitemap.xml is valid XML
- **[PASS]** sitemap.xml contains 18 entries
- **[PASS]** Sitemap index with 18 child sitemaps
- **[PASS]** robots.txt references sitemap

### URL Variants (A+ — 100/100)

*www/non-www, trailing slash, HTTP→HTTPS*

- **[PASS]** www/non-www redirect configured correctly (preferred: www)
- **[PASS]** HTTP correctly 301-redirects to HTTPS

### Domain Intelligence (A+ — 100/100)

*coursera.org — via GoDaddy.com, LLC, 14 years, 5 months old, hosted on AWS*

- **[PASS]** Domain registered until Jan 12, 2027 (9 months remaining)
- **[INFO]** DNSSEC is not enabled — DNSSEC protects against DNS spoofing attacks. While not required, enabling DNSSEC adds an additional layer of security. Contact your DNS provider to enable it.
- **[PASS]** Registrar: GoDaddy.com, LLC
- **[PASS]** Hosting: AWS

---

## Compliance

### WCAG Compliance (A+ — 100/100)

*No testable criteria*


### Cookie Consent & Privacy (B — 80/100)

*No consent signals detected*

- **[WARNING]** No privacy policy link detected — A privacy policy page is recommended for transparency and may be legally required.
- **[INFO]** No terms of service link detected
- **[INFO]** No cookie consent banner detected
- **[PASS]** 2 cookie(s) set on initial load (functional)
- **[INFO]** This is an automated check, not legal advice — BeaverCheck detects technical indicators of consent management. This does not constitute a legal compliance assessment. Consult a privacy professional for GDPR/CCPA compliance.

### Language & i18n (A — 90/100)

*Lang attribute present*

- **[PASS]** <html lang> attribute is present
- **[PASS]** <html lang> value is valid
- **[INFO]** No Content-Language HTTP header
- **[INFO]** Language signals are inconsistent — The <html lang> attribute and Content-Language header should agree.

### Readability & Typography (A+ — 100/100)

*Font sizes and tap targets checked*


### Viewport Configuration (A+ — 100/100)

*Viewport properly configured*

- **[PASS]** Viewport meta tag is present
- **[PASS]** width=device-width is set
- **[PASS]** User zooming is allowed

### Third-Party Trackers (C — 55/100)

*1 trackers detected*

- **[INFO]** 1 third-party trackers detected — Found 1 analytics, 0 advertising, 0 marketing, 0 tag manager trackers.
- **[WARNING]** Trackers detected but no cookie policy found — This page loads 1 trackers but no cookie policy was detected. GDPR requires disclosure when using tracking cookies.
- **[WARNING]** Trackers detected but no privacy policy found — Most data protection regulations require a privacy policy when collecting user data via trackers.

---

## Legal

### Legal Page Ecosystem (B — 70/100)

*3 of 7 expected legal pages detected*

- **[PASS]** Privacy Policy detected — Found at https://www.coursera.org/about/privacy, linked from footer.
- **[PASS]** Terms of Service detected — Found at https://www.coursera.org/about/terms, linked from footer.
- **[INFO]** Cookie Policy not detected — No link matching common Cookie Policy URL patterns or link text was found. Most websites are expected to have a Cookie Policy, especially those collecting user data.
- **[PASS]** Accessibility Statement detected — Found at https://learner.coursera.help/hc/articles/360050668591-Accessibility-Statement, linked from footer.
- **[INFO]** DMCA / Copyright Notice not detected — No link matching common DMCA / Copyright Notice URL patterns or link text was found. Most websites are expected to have a DMCA / Copyright Notice, especially those collecting user data.
- **[INFO]** Refund / Returns Policy not detected — No link matching common Refund / Returns Policy URL patterns or link text was found. Most websites are expected to have a Refund / Returns Policy, especially those collecting user data.
- **[INFO]** Acceptable Use Policy not detected — No link matching common Acceptable Use Policy URL patterns or link text was found. Most websites are expected to have a Acceptable Use Policy, especially those collecting user data.

### Copyright Notice (A+ — 100/100)

*© 2026 Coursera Inc*

- **[PASS]** Copyright notice is up to date — Copyright notice is up to date: © 2026 Coursera Inc
- **[PASS]** Copyright holder: Coursera Inc

### Regulatory Indicators

*2 regulatory indicator(s) detected*

- **[INFO]** This is a technical scan, not a legal assessment — BeaverCheck detects technical indicators that may suggest regulatory relevance. This is not a compliance audit and should not be relied upon for legal decisions. Consult qualified legal counsel for compliance assessments.
- **[INFO]** GDPR indicators detected (moderate confidence) — Indicators suggesting GDPR may be relevant: Privacy policy page found. EU General Data Protection Regulation — governs collection and processing of personal data of EU residents.
- **[INFO]** ADA indicators detected (moderate confidence) — Indicators suggesting ADA may be relevant: Accessibility link found: Accessibility. Americans with Disabilities Act / Section 508 — requires digital accessibility for people with disabilities.

### Third-Party Data Sharing

*1 third-party service(s) detected*

- **[INFO]** Data inventory for transparency purposes — This inventory identifies third-party services that receive data from your site visitors. Under regulations like GDPR (Article 30), maintaining records of data processing activities is commonly considered a best practice. This automated scan provides a starting point — it may not capture all data flows.
- **[INFO]** 1 third-party services across 1 categories — 1 third-party services detected across 1 categories: Error Tracking (1). Each of these services receives some user data from your site visitors.
- **[INFO]** Sentry (Error Tracking) — Detected via script URL. Typically collects: Error reports, Stack traces, User context, Device info. Privacy policy: https://sentry.io/privacy/. Data Processing Agreement available.

### Compliance Badges (B — 70/100)

*1 compliance badge(s) detected*

- **[PASS]** TRUSTe / TrustArc badge detected — Found via body text: 'truste'. Note: the presence of a badge does not verify the certification is current or valid.

---

## Availability

### CDN & Delivery (A — 85/100)

*AWS CloudFront (Miss from cloudfront)*

- **[PASS]** Site is served via AWS CloudFront CDN (edge: ZRH52-P1)
- **[INFO]** CDN cache status: Miss from cloudfront

### HTTP Caching (D — 45/100)

*no-store (uncacheable)*

- **[INFO]** Cache-Control: no-store prevents all caching — Intentional for dynamic content, but increases server load for every page view.
- **[PASS]** ETag present — enables conditional (304) responses

### Transport Security (A — 90/100)

*HTTP/3, HSTS, and TLS version analysis*

- **[INFO]** HTTP/3 (QUIC) not advertised — HTTP/3 eliminates head-of-line blocking. If your CDN supports it, consider enabling it.
- **[PASS]** HSTS enabled (includeSubDomains, preload)
- **[PASS]** HSTS preload enabled
- **[PASS]** TLS 1.3 in use (fastest handshake, 1-RTT)

---

## Accessibility

### Landmark Structure (B — 70/100)

*13 landmarks*

- **[PASS]** <main> landmark present
- **[PASS]** 3 <nav> landmark(s) found
- **[WARNING]** 2 of 3 <nav> elements are unlabeled — Multiple navigations need aria-label to distinguish them for screen readers.
- **[INFO]** No banner (header) landmark
- **[WARNING]** Skip navigation link is missing (WCAG 2.4.1) — Add a skip link as the first focusable element so keyboard users can bypass repeated navigation.

### Heading Hierarchy (A+ — 100/100)

*35 headings*

- **[PASS]** Single H1 present
- **[INFO]** 3 hidden heading(s) (aria-hidden)

### Alt Text Quality (A+ — 100/100)

*All 36 images OK*

- **[PASS]** 21 decorative image(s) correctly marked
- **[PASS]** 15 image(s) with good alt text

### Form Accessibility (A+ — 100/100)

*All 1 controls labeled*

- **[PASS]** 1 control(s) properly labeled

### Link & Button Quality (C — 68/100)

*162 links, 41 buttons — all OK*

- **[CRITICAL]** 13 image-only link(s) without alt text
- **[WARNING]** 11 link(s) open in new tab without warning — Add '(opens in new tab)' to link text or aria-label.
- **[PASS]** 138 link(s) with descriptive text

---

## UX

### 404 Error Page (B — 80/100)

*HTTP 404, custom page*

- **[PASS]** Correct 404 status code returned
- **[PASS]** Custom styled 404 page
- **[PASS]** Navigation links present on 404 page
- **[PASS]** Homepage link present on 404 page

### Favicon & Branding (B — 80/100)

*21 icon(s) detected*

- **[PASS]** favicon.ico present at site root
- **[PASS]** HTML icon links detected
- **[PASS]** Apple touch icon present
- **[PASS]** Multiple icon sizes detected

### Web Manifest (B — 80/100)

*PWA-ready*

- **[PASS]** Meets PWA install criteria
- **[PASS]** Name present: Coursera
- **[PASS]** 192x192 icon present
- **[PASS]** Display mode: standalone

### Dark Mode Support (B — 70/100)

*Dark mode detected*

- **[PASS]** Dark-specific theme-color detected — A theme-color with media='(prefers-color-scheme: dark)' adapts the browser toolbar for dark mode.
- **[PASS]** prefers-color-scheme CSS detected in inline styles
- **[INFO]** Detection limited to meta tags and inline styles — External CSS files may contain prefers-color-scheme rules not visible to this scan.

### Print Stylesheet (D — 40/100)

*No print styles*

- **[INFO]** No print-specific styles detected — When users print this page, they get the screen layout including navigation and non-essential elements. Add @media print rules to hide navigation and optimize layout for paper.

### Navigation UX (F — 20/100)

*No navigation patterns*

- **[PASS]** 3 navigation landmark(s) detected
- **[PASS]** Hamburger menu detected (responsive design)
- **[INFO]** No breadcrumbs, search, or skip link detected — These navigation aids help users orient themselves and find content efficiently, especially on large sites.

---

## SEO

### Canonical URL (A+ — 100/100)

*Properly configured*

- **[PASS]** Canonical tag present
- **[PASS]** Canonical is self-referencing
- **[PASS]** Canonical matches final URL after redirects
- **[PASS]** Canonical target returns 200

### Meta Tags (A+ — 95/100)

*Title: 65 chars*

- **[PASS]** Page title is set
- **[INFO]** Title is 65 characters — may be truncated in search results
- **[INFO]** Title and H1 have very different wording — Alignment helps users confirm they've reached the right page.

### Content Depth (A — 85/100)

*1399 words, Very Difficult*

- **[PASS]** Page has 1399 words — good depth for search engines
- **[INFO]** Text-to-HTML ratio is 1% — Very low ratio suggests heavy framework overhead or boilerplate.
- **[INFO]** Reading level: Very Difficult (grade 16)

### Internal Links (A+ — 100/100)

*142 internal, 20 external*

- **[PASS]** 142 internal links (88%)
- **[PASS]** 100% of links use descriptive anchor text
- **[INFO]** 142 internal / 20 external links

### Image SEO (A+ — 100/100)

*36 images, 33 descriptive filenames*

- **[INFO]** 3 image(s) have hash/generic filenames

### Hreflang

*0 hreflang tags*


---

## Sustainability

### CO2 Per Page Load (B — 70/100)

*0.69g CO2 per view*

- **[INFO]** 0.69g CO2 per page view — This page transfers 2.4 MB, producing an estimated 0.69g of CO2 per visit using the Sustainable Web Design model (v4). Breakdown: data center 0.13g, network 0.12g, end-user device 0.44g.
- **[INFO]** At 10,000 monthly views: 82.6 kg CO2/year — With 10,000 page views per month, this page would generate approximately 82.6 kg of CO2 annually — equivalent to charging 10326 smartphones.

### Green Hosting (D — 40/100)

*Not green*

- **[INFO]** No confirmed renewable energy commitment detected — Consider providers like Cloudflare, Google Cloud, or Vercel that match 100% of their energy use with renewables.
- **[INFO]** AWS: Renewable energy varies by region; committed to 100% by 2025
- **[INFO]** AWS CloudFront: Renewable varies by edge location
- **[INFO]** Green hosting status based on known provider commitments — Green hosting detection uses a curated database of provider renewable energy commitments. This is not a real-time verification. For authoritative checks, visit thegreenwebfoundation.org.

### Repeat Visit Weight (A+ — 100/100)

*96% cached*

- **[PASS]** 96% reduction on repeat visits — Returning visitors download only 102 KB (vs 2489 KB first visit). 133 of 134 resources are served from browser cache, saving 0.66g CO2 per repeat visit.
- **[INFO]** Repeat visit: 0.03g CO2 (first visit: 0.69g)

### Carbon Budget (D — 50/100)

*52th percentile*

- **[WARNING]** 0.69g CO2 — above the median website (0.60g) — Heavier than an estimated 48% of websites. Reducing page weight, optimizing images, and removing unused JavaScript would lower the carbon footprint. See the Performance tab.
- **[INFO]** Estimated 52th percentile — Compared to: top 10% = 0.20g, target = 0.50g, median = 0.60g per page view.

### Transfer Efficiency (C — 60/100)

*72% efficient*

- **[WARNING]** Transfer efficiency: 72% — An estimated 699 KB (28%) could be eliminated: 0 KB via better compression, 0 KB via modern image formats, 699 KB of unused JavaScript. This wasted data produces 0.19g of unnecessary CO2 per page view.

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*Generated by [BeaverCheck](https://beavercheck.com) — https://beavercheck.com/results/b4433154-a37f-372a-2cbe-ebcb573731b9*