# BeaverCheck Audit Report — https://colorado.edu **Date:** April 21, 2026 **URL:** https://colorado.edu **Overall Grade:** C (73/100) **Report:** https://beavercheck.com/results/dfa41167-7592-48d8-b670-a977c87730da ## Top Findings 1. **[CRITICAL]** Content-Security-Policy header is missing — Security > Security Headers 2. **[CRITICAL]** No Content-Security-Policy header found — Security > Content Security Policy 3. **[CRITICAL]** Page weighs 9.0 MB (4.0 MB transferred) — Performance > Page Weight Budget 4. **[CRITICAL]** 7 control(s) without accessible label — Accessibility > Form Accessibility 5. **[CRITICAL]** 8 link(s) with no accessible text — Accessibility > Link & Button Quality --- ## Lighthouse Scores | Category | Score | |----------|-------| | Performance | 42 | | Accessibility | 85 | | Best Practices | 81 | | SEO | 92 | --- ## Security ### Security Headers (F — 20/100) *2 of 10 headers properly configured* - **[WARNING]** HSTS max-age is too short (300s, should be ≥ 31536000s) — A short max-age leaves a window for downgrade attacks. Set max-age to at least 31536000 (1 year). - **[WARNING]** X-Content-Type-Options header is missing — This header prevents MIME-type sniffing, which can lead to XSS attacks. Set it to 'nosniff'. - **[WARNING]** X-Frame-Options header is missing — This header prevents clickjacking by controlling who can embed your page in a frame. Set it to DENY or SAMEORIGIN. - **[WARNING]** Referrer-Policy header is missing — Controls how much referrer information is sent with requests. Set to 'strict-origin-when-cross-origin' or stricter. - **[WARNING]** Permissions-Policy header is missing — Controls which browser features (camera, microphone, geolocation) are allowed. Set it to restrict unused features. - **[CRITICAL]** Content-Security-Policy header is missing — CSP is the most important header for preventing XSS attacks. See the CSP section for detailed analysis. - **[WARNING]** Cross-Origin-Opener-Policy header is missing — COOP isolates your browsing context, preventing cross-origin side-channel attacks. Set to 'same-origin'. - **[WARNING]** Cross-Origin-Embedder-Policy header is missing — COEP prevents loading cross-origin resources without explicit permission. Required for SharedArrayBuffer and high-resolution timers. - **[PASS]** X-Powered-By header is not present - **[PASS]** Server header is present without version info ### Content Security Policy (F — 0/100) *No enforcing CSP policy found* - **[CRITICAL]** No Content-Security-Policy header found — CSP is the most effective defense against XSS attacks. Add a Content-Security-Policy header to restrict resource loading. ### TLS & Certificates (A — 90/100) *TLS 1.2, 7 checks passed* - **[PASS]** TLS 1.2 is used - **[INFO]** TLS 1.3 is not negotiated — TLS 1.3 offers improved performance and security. Consider enabling it. - **[PASS]** Strong cipher suite is used - **[INFO]** HTTP/2 is not negotiated — HTTP/2 provides multiplexing and header compression for better performance. - **[PASS]** Certificate is valid (expires in 24 days) - **[WARNING]** Certificate expires soon (24 days remaining) — Renew the certificate before it expires to avoid browser warnings. - **[PASS]** Certificate chain has 2 certificates - **[PASS]** Certificate uses modern signature algorithm - **[PASS]** Certificate covers 1 domain(s) - **[PASS]** Certificate is issued by a trusted CA ### Cookie Security (A+ — 100/100) *No cookies set — no cookie security risks* - **[PASS]** No cookies set — no cookie security risks --- ## Advanced Security ### Subresource Integrity (F — 20/100) *0 of 28 external resources have SRI* - **[WARNING]** External link from fonts.googleapis.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code. - **[WARNING]** External script from pixel.byspotify.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code. - **[WARNING]** External script from snap.licdn.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code. - **[WARNING]** External script from www.googletagmanager.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code. - **[WARNING]** External script from analytics.tiktok.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code. - **[WARNING]** External script from analytics.tiktok.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code. - **[WARNING]** External script from tr.snapchat.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code. - **[WARNING]** External script from www.googletagmanager.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code. - **[WARNING]** External script from www.googletagmanager.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code. - **[WARNING]** External script from www.googletagmanager.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code. - **[WARNING]** External script from connect.facebook.net lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code. - **[WARNING]** External script from connect.facebook.net lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code. - **[WARNING]** External script from connect.facebook.net lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code. - **[WARNING]** External script from analytics.tiktok.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code. - **[WARNING]** External script from sc-static.net lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code. - **[WARNING]** External script from snap.licdn.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code. - **[WARNING]** External script from snap.licdn.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code. - **[WARNING]** External script from www.googletagmanager.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code. - **[WARNING]** External script from www.googletagmanager.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code. - **[WARNING]** External link from www.gstatic.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code. - **[WARNING]** External script from translate.googleapis.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code. - **[WARNING]** External script from mx.technolutions.net lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code. - **[WARNING]** External script from mx.technolutions.net lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code. - **[WARNING]** External script from translate.google.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code. - **[WARNING]** External script from calendar.colorado.edu lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code. - **[WARNING]** External script from ugrad.apply.colorado.edu lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code. - **[WARNING]** External script from grad.apply.colorado.edu lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code. - **[WARNING]** External script from js.ipredictive.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code. ### JS Library Vulnerabilities (A+ — 100/100) *No known vulnerabilities* - **[PASS]** No known JavaScript library vulnerabilities detected ### Information Leakage (A+ — 100/100) *No exposures* - **[INFO]** No security.txt found — Consider adding a security.txt at /.well-known/security.txt. - **[PASS]** No sensitive files exposed ### Email Security (A+ — 100/100) *DMARC: reject* - **[PASS]** DMARC policy is reject — strongest protection ### Permissions-Policy (D — 40/100) *No header set* - **[WARNING]** No Permissions-Policy header — Consider adding a Permissions-Policy header to restrict browser feature access from embedded content. ### CORS Configuration (B — 80/100) *No CORS headers* - **[PASS]** No CORS headers present — secure default --- ## Performance ### Page Weight Budget (F — 0/100) *4.0 MB transferred, 105 requests* - **[CRITICAL]** Page weighs 9.0 MB (4.0 MB transferred) - **[WARNING]** JavaScript is 2.1 MB — consider code splitting or lazy loading — Large JavaScript bundles delay interactivity. Split code by route or defer non-critical scripts. - **[WARNING]** Images are 1.6 MB — compress or use modern formats — Convert images to WebP/AVIF and resize to display dimensions to reduce transfer size. - **[WARNING]** 105 HTTP requests — consider bundling or reducing — Each request adds latency. Bundle small files, use sprites, or eliminate unnecessary requests. - **[INFO]** Estimated 0.85 g CO2 per page load ### Third-Party Impact (D — 50/100) *100% third-party, 0 ms blocking* - **[WARNING]** Third-party code accounts for 100% of page weight (4.0 MiB of 4.0 MiB) - **[PASS]** Third-party blocking time is low (0 ms) ### Text Compression (A+ — 100/100) *All text resources are compressed* - **[PASS]** All text resources are compressed ### Image Optimization (C — 60/100) *31 images, 0 KB saveable* - **[WARNING]** https://www.colorado.edu/today/sites/default/files... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift — Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS. - **[WARNING]** https://www.colorado.edu/today/sites/default/files... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift — Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS. - **[WARNING]** https://cdn.colorado.edu/static/brand-assets/live/... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift — Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS. - **[WARNING]** https://www.colorado.edu/today/sites/default/files... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift — Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS. - **[WARNING]** https://www.colorado.edu/today/sites/default/files... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift — Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS. - **[WARNING]** https://cdn.colorado.edu/static/brand-assets/live/... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift — Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS. - **[WARNING]** https://www.colorado.edu/today/sites/default/files... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift — Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS. - **[WARNING]** https://www.colorado.edu/today/sites/default/files... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift — Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS. ### JS Execution Cost (F — 20/100) *5484ms total JS execution* - **[WARNING]** https://www.colorado.edu/: 1453ms CPU time - **[WARNING]** Unattributable: 693ms CPU time - **[WARNING]** https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=GTM-M3D...: 540ms CPU time - **[WARNING]** https://www.colorado.edu/modules/custom/ucb_third_...: 367ms CPU time - **[WARNING]** https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-WW2L...: 301ms CPU time - **[WARNING]** Third-party scripts: 5484ms (100% of total) ### Font Loading (A+ — 100/100) *2 fonts (82 KB)* - **[INFO]** 2 font(s) use font-display: swap (FOUT risk but functional) ### JS Bundles (F — 20/100) *32 scripts, 632 KB unused* - **[WARNING]** https://translate.googleapis.com/_/translate_http/...: 94 KB unused (79%) — Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code. - **[WARNING]** https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=GTM-M3D...: 73 KB unused (38%) — Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code. - **[WARNING]** https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-WW2L...: 64 KB unused (38%) — Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code. - **[WARNING]** https://analytics.tiktok.com/i18n/pixel/static/mai...: 64 KB unused (54%) — Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code. - **[WARNING]** https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=AW-958...: 64 KB unused (44%) — Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code. - **[INFO]** Total unused JavaScript: 632 KB ### Resource Caching (A+ — 100/100) *All resources properly cached* - **[PASS]** No caching issues found ### Critical Rendering Path (A+ — 100/100) *No render-blocking resources* - **[PASS]** No render-blocking resources detected ### Resource Hints (A+ — 100/100) *No optimization needed* - **[PASS]** No resource hint issues ### Page Weight Inventory (F — 30/100) *105 resources · 4.0 MB · 632 KB savings available* - **[WARNING]** Page weight 3.0 MB over 1MB target - **[INFO]** ~632 KB of savings available - **[WARNING]** 104 third-party resources (100% of weight) - **[INFO]** 3 resources over 200KB ### Render-Blocking Resources (A+ — 100/100) *No render-blocking resources detected* - **[PASS]** No render-blocking resources detected in ### Third-Party Resources (A+ — 100/100) *No third-party resources detected* --- ## Content Quality ### Links (C — 73/100) *179 links checked, 173 healthy, 5 broken* - **[CRITICAL]** 173 of 179 links are healthy - **[WARNING]** Broken link: https://cdn.colorado.edu/static/brand-assets/live/images/... — Found in . Get "https://cdn.colorado.edu/static/brand-assets/live/images/cu-boulder-logo-text-white.svg": tls: failed to verify certificate: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority - **[WARNING]** Broken link: https://cdn.colorado.edu/static/brand-assets/live/images/... — Found in . Get "https://cdn.colorado.edu/static/brand-assets/live/images/search-white.svg": tls: failed to verify certificate: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority - **[INFO]** Long redirect chain: https://canvas.colorado.edu/ (5 hops) - **[CRITICAL]** Broken link: https://outreach.colorado.edu/ — Found in . Get "https://outreach.colorado.edu/": tls: failed to verify certificate: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority - **[WARNING]** Broken link: https://cdn.colorado.edu/static/brand-assets/live/images/... — Found in . Get "https://cdn.colorado.edu/static/brand-assets/live/images/be-boulder-white.svg": tls: failed to verify certificate: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority - **[CRITICAL]** Broken link: https://www.linkedin.com/school/cuboulder — Found in . Returns HTTP 999. ### Mixed Content (A+ — 100/100) *No mixed content detected — all resources use HTTPS.* - **[PASS]** No mixed content detected — all resources use HTTPS ### Open Graph (C — 75/100) *Open Graph tags are partially configured — some improvements recommended.* - **[WARNING]** Missing og:image — The og:image tag provides a preview image for social sharing. - **[INFO]** og:title is short (4 characters) — Ideal length is 25–60 characters for social sharing previews. - **[INFO]** Missing og:url — The og:url tag specifies the canonical URL for the shared content. - **[INFO]** Missing og:type — The og:type tag helps social platforms categorize the content. ### Structured Data (C — 40/100) *No structured data (JSON-LD) found.* - **[INFO]** No structured data (JSON-LD) found — Adding structured data helps search engines understand your content and can enable rich results. --- ## Infrastructure ### DNS Records (A+ — 100/100) *4 A records, 43 ms lookup* - **[PASS]** Resolves to 4 IPv4 address(es) - **[PASS]** Has 4 IPv6 (AAAA) record(s) - **[PASS]** 6 nameserver(s) configured - **[PASS]** 1 mail exchanger(s) configured - **[INFO]** CAA records not checked — CAA record lookup requires a specialized DNS resolver. This check will be available in a future update. - **[PASS]** SPF record present in TXT - **[PASS]** DNS resolution time: 43 ms ### Redirect Chain (A — 90/100) *1 redirect(s), 44 ms total* - **[PASS]** Single redirect - **[INFO]** WWW normalization redirect ### IPv6 Readiness (A+ — 100/100) *IPv6 reachable (1 ms)* - **[PASS]** IPv6 is configured and reachable at 2a04:4e42:600::645, 2a04:4e42:200::645, 2a04:4e42:400::645, 2a04:4e42::645 ### Crawlability (A+ — 95/100) *robots.txt present, sitemap with 1406 URLs* - **[PASS]** robots.txt is present - **[PASS]** sitemap.xml is present - **[PASS]** sitemap.xml is valid XML - **[PASS]** sitemap.xml contains 1406 entries - **[INFO]** robots.txt does not reference a sitemap — Add a 'Sitemap:' directive to robots.txt so search engines can discover your sitemap. ### URL Variants (B — 75/100) *www/non-www, trailing slash, HTTP→HTTPS* - **[CRITICAL]** Both www and non-www versions serve content - **[PASS]** HTTP correctly 301-redirects to HTTPS ### Domain Intelligence (A+ — 100/100) *colorado.edu — 40 years, 5 months old* - **[PASS]** Domain registered until Jul 31, 2026 (3 months remaining) --- ## Compliance ### WCAG Compliance (A+ — 100/100) *No testable criteria* ### Cookie Consent & Privacy (B — 80/100) *No consent signals detected* - **[WARNING]** No privacy policy link detected — A privacy policy page is recommended for transparency and may be legally required. - **[INFO]** No terms of service link detected - **[INFO]** No cookie consent banner detected - **[INFO]** This is an automated check, not legal advice — BeaverCheck detects technical indicators of consent management. This does not constitute a legal compliance assessment. Consult a privacy professional for GDPR/CCPA compliance. ### Language & i18n (A — 90/100) *Lang attribute present* - **[PASS]** attribute is present - **[PASS]** value is valid - **[INFO]** No Content-Language HTTP header - **[INFO]** Language signals are inconsistent — The attribute and Content-Language header should agree. ### Readability & Typography (A+ — 100/100) *Font sizes and tap targets checked* ### Viewport Configuration (A+ — 100/100) *Viewport properly configured* - **[PASS]** Viewport meta tag is present - **[PASS]** width=device-width is set - **[PASS]** User zooming is allowed ### Third-Party Trackers (C — 55/100) *8 trackers detected* - **[INFO]** 8 third-party trackers detected — Found 7 analytics, 0 advertising, 0 marketing, 1 tag manager trackers. - **[WARNING]** Trackers detected but no cookie policy found — This page loads 8 trackers but no cookie policy was detected. GDPR requires disclosure when using tracking cookies. - **[WARNING]** Trackers detected but no privacy policy found — Most data protection regulations require a privacy policy when collecting user data via trackers. ### Cookie & Tracker Inventory (A+ — 100/100) *0 cookies · 8 trackers · 0 pre-consent* - **[INFO]** 8 third-party tracker(s) detected on page --- ## Legal ### Legal Page Ecosystem (D — 45/100) *2 of 7 expected legal pages detected* - **[PASS]** Privacy Policy detected — Found at https://www.colorado.edu/compliance/policies/privacy-statement, linked from footer. - **[WARNING]** Terms of Service not detected — No link matching common Terms of Service URL patterns or link text was found. Most websites are expected to have a Terms of Service, especially those collecting user data. - **[INFO]** Cookie Policy not detected — No link matching common Cookie Policy URL patterns or link text was found. Most websites are expected to have a Cookie Policy, especially those collecting user data. - **[PASS]** Accessibility Statement detected — Found at https://www.colorado.edu/accessibility, linked from footer. - **[INFO]** DMCA / Copyright Notice not detected — No link matching common DMCA / Copyright Notice URL patterns or link text was found. Most websites are expected to have a DMCA / Copyright Notice, especially those collecting user data. - **[INFO]** Refund / Returns Policy not detected — No link matching common Refund / Returns Policy URL patterns or link text was found. Most websites are expected to have a Refund / Returns Policy, especially those collecting user data. - **[INFO]** Acceptable Use Policy not detected — No link matching common Acceptable Use Policy URL patterns or link text was found. Most websites are expected to have a Acceptable Use Policy, especially those collecting user data. ### Copyright Notice (C — 55/100) *No copyright notice detected* - **[INFO]** No copyright notice detected — No copyright notice detected in the page content. While not legally required in most jurisdictions (copyright exists automatically), a notice is standard practice and signals site ownership. ### Regulatory Indicators *2 regulatory indicator(s) detected* - **[INFO]** This is a technical scan, not a legal assessment — BeaverCheck detects technical indicators that may suggest regulatory relevance. This is not a compliance audit and should not be relied upon for legal decisions. Consult qualified legal counsel for compliance assessments. - **[INFO]** GDPR indicators detected (moderate confidence) — Indicators suggesting GDPR may be relevant: Privacy policy page found. EU General Data Protection Regulation — governs collection and processing of personal data of EU residents. - **[INFO]** ADA indicators detected (moderate confidence) — Indicators suggesting ADA may be relevant: Accessibility statement page found. Americans with Disabilities Act / Section 508 — requires digital accessibility for people with disabilities. ### Third-Party Data Sharing *5 third-party service(s) detected* - **[INFO]** Data inventory for transparency purposes — This inventory identifies third-party services that receive data from your site visitors. Under regulations like GDPR (Article 30), maintaining records of data processing activities is commonly considered a best practice. This automated scan provides a starting point — it may not capture all data flows. - **[INFO]** 5 third-party services across 3 categories — 5 third-party services detected across 3 categories: Analytics (1), Tag Management (1), Advertising (3). Each of these services receives some user data from your site visitors. - **[INFO]** Google Analytics (Analytics) — Detected via script URL. Typically collects: Page views, User behavior, Demographics, Device info, IP address. Privacy policy: https://policies.google.com/privacy. Data Processing Agreement available. - **[INFO]** Google Tag Manager (Tag Management) — Detected via script URL. Typically collects: Orchestrates other tracking scripts, Page views. Privacy policy: https://policies.google.com/privacy. Data Processing Agreement available. - **[INFO]** Facebook Pixel (Advertising) — Detected via script URL. Typically collects: Page views, Conversions, User behavior, Ad targeting. Privacy policy: https://www.facebook.com/privacy/policy. Data Processing Agreement available. - **[INFO]** LinkedIn Insight (Advertising) — Detected via script URL. Typically collects: Page views, Conversions, Ad targeting, Professional demographics. Privacy policy: https://www.linkedin.com/legal/privacy-policy. Data Processing Agreement available. - **[INFO]** TikTok Pixel (Advertising) — Detected via script URL. Typically collects: Page views, Conversions, Ad targeting. Privacy policy: https://www.tiktok.com/legal/privacy-policy. Data Processing Agreement available. ### Compliance Badges (C — 55/100) *0 compliance badge(s) detected* - **[INFO]** No compliance badges detected — No recognized compliance certification badges or seals were found. This is common — many sites do not display compliance badges. --- ## Availability ### CDN & Delivery (A+ — 100/100) *Fastly (HIT)* - **[PASS]** Site is served via Fastly CDN - **[PASS]** CDN cache status: HIT ### HTTP Caching (F — 30/100) *No cache headers* - **[WARNING]** No Cache-Control header found — Browsers will use heuristic caching, which can be unpredictable. Set explicit cache headers. ### Transport Security (B — 75/100) *HTTP/3, HSTS, and TLS version analysis* - **[INFO]** HTTP/3 (QUIC) not advertised — HTTP/3 eliminates head-of-line blocking. If your CDN supports it, consider enabling it. - **[WARNING]** HSTS max-age is short: 0 days — HSTS max-age should be at least 1 year (31536000 seconds). --- ## Accessibility ### Landmark Structure (A+ — 100/100) *5 landmarks* - **[PASS]**
landmark present - **[PASS]** 1