# BeaverCheck Audit Report — https://mongabay.com

**Date:** April 21, 2026  
**URL:** https://mongabay.com  
**Overall Grade:** C (76/100)  
**Report:** https://beavercheck.com/results/e3145f1a-e8ea-4a41-9120-54cfa4d24c69

## Top Findings

1. **[CRITICAL]** Content-Security-Policy header is missing — Security > Security Headers
2. **[CRITICAL]** HSTS header is missing — Security > Security Headers
3. **[CRITICAL]** No Content-Security-Policy header found — Security > Content Security Policy
4. **[CRITICAL]** 1 control(s) without accessible label — Accessibility > Form Accessibility
5. **[CRITICAL]** 10 link(s) with no accessible text — Accessibility > Link & Button Quality

---

## Lighthouse Scores

| Category | Score |
|----------|-------|
| Performance | 52 |
| Accessibility | 91 |
| Best Practices | 96 |
| SEO | 100 |

---

## Security

### Security Headers (F — 5/100)

*1 of 10 headers properly configured*

- **[CRITICAL]** HSTS header is missing — Strict-Transport-Security forces browsers to use HTTPS, preventing downgrade attacks. Add the header with a max-age of at least 1 year.
- **[WARNING]** X-Content-Type-Options header is missing — This header prevents MIME-type sniffing, which can lead to XSS attacks. Set it to 'nosniff'.
- **[WARNING]** X-Frame-Options header is missing — This header prevents clickjacking by controlling who can embed your page in a frame. Set it to DENY or SAMEORIGIN.
- **[WARNING]** Referrer-Policy header is missing — Controls how much referrer information is sent with requests. Set to 'strict-origin-when-cross-origin' or stricter.
- **[WARNING]** Permissions-Policy header is missing — Controls which browser features (camera, microphone, geolocation) are allowed. Set it to restrict unused features.
- **[CRITICAL]** Content-Security-Policy header is missing — CSP is the most important header for preventing XSS attacks. See the CSP section for detailed analysis.
- **[WARNING]** Cross-Origin-Opener-Policy header is missing — COOP isolates your browsing context, preventing cross-origin side-channel attacks. Set to 'same-origin'.
- **[WARNING]** Cross-Origin-Embedder-Policy header is missing — COEP prevents loading cross-origin resources without explicit permission. Required for SharedArrayBuffer and high-resolution timers.
- **[WARNING]** X-Powered-By header reveals technology stack — This header discloses server technology (e.g. Express, PHP), helping attackers target known vulnerabilities. Remove it.
- **[PASS]** Server header is present without version info

### Content Security Policy (F — 0/100)

*No enforcing CSP policy found*

- **[CRITICAL]** No Content-Security-Policy header found — CSP is the most effective defense against XSS attacks. Add a Content-Security-Policy header to restrict resource loading.

### TLS & Certificates (A+ — 100/100)

*TLS 1.3, 7 checks passed*

- **[PASS]** TLS 1.3 is used
- **[PASS]** Strong cipher suite is used
- **[INFO]** HTTP/2 is not negotiated — HTTP/2 provides multiplexing and header compression for better performance.
- **[PASS]** Certificate is valid (expires in 42 days)
- **[PASS]** Certificate chain has 2 certificates
- **[PASS]** Certificate uses modern signature algorithm
- **[PASS]** Certificate covers 1 domain(s)
- **[PASS]** Certificate is issued by a trusted CA

### Cookie Security (A+ — 95/100)

*1 cookies analyzed, 2 checks passed*

- **[PASS]** Cookie '__cf_bm' has the Secure flag
- **[PASS]** Cookie '__cf_bm' has the HttpOnly flag
- **[WARNING]** Cookie '__cf_bm' has no SameSite attribute — Without an explicit SameSite attribute, browser default behavior varies. Set SameSite=Lax or Strict.

---

## Advanced Security

### Subresource Integrity (D — 40/100)

*1 of 47 external resources have SRI*

- **[WARNING]** External script from js-na1.hs-scripts.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code.
- **[WARNING]** External script from scripts.clarity.ms lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code.
- **[WARNING]** External script from www.googletagmanager.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code.
- **[WARNING]** External script from www.google-analytics.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code.
- **[WARNING]** External script from www.googletagmanager.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code.
- **[WARNING]** External script from js.hubspot.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code.
- **[WARNING]** External script from js.hs-analytics.net lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code.
- **[WARNING]** External script from js.hs-banner.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code.
- **[WARNING]** External script from www.clarity.ms lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code.
- **[WARNING]** External script from www.googletagmanager.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code.
- **[WARNING]** External link from fonts.googleapis.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code.
- **[WARNING]** External link from news.mongabay.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code.
- **[WARNING]** External link from news.mongabay.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code.
- **[WARNING]** External link from news.mongabay.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code.
- **[WARNING]** External link from news.mongabay.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code.
- **[WARNING]** External link from news.mongabay.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code.
- **[WARNING]** External link from news.mongabay.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code.
- **[WARNING]** External link from news.mongabay.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code.
- **[WARNING]** External link from news.mongabay.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code.
- **[WARNING]** External link from news.mongabay.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code.
- **[WARNING]** External link from news.mongabay.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code.
- **[WARNING]** External link from news.mongabay.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code.
- **[WARNING]** External link from news.mongabay.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code.
- **[WARNING]** External link from news.mongabay.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code.
- **[WARNING]** External link from news.mongabay.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code.
- **[WARNING]** External link from news.mongabay.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code.
- **[WARNING]** External link from news.mongabay.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code.
- **[WARNING]** External script from news.mongabay.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code.
- **[WARNING]** External script from news.mongabay.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code.
- **[WARNING]** External script from www.googletagmanager.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code.
- **[WARNING]** External script from cdn.onesignal.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code.
- **[WARNING]** External link from cdn.knightlab.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code.
- **[WARNING]** External link from news.mongabay.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code.
- **[WARNING]** External script from cdn.onesignal.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code.
- **[WARNING]** External script from static.getclicky.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code.
- **[WARNING]** External script from news.mongabay.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code.
- **[WARNING]** External script from news.mongabay.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code.
- **[WARNING]** External script from js.hs-scripts.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code.
- **[WARNING]** External script from news.mongabay.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code.
- **[WARNING]** External script from news.mongabay.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code.
- **[WARNING]** External script from news.mongabay.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code.
- **[WARNING]** External script from news.mongabay.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code.
- **[WARNING]** External script from news.mongabay.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code.
- **[WARNING]** External script from news.mongabay.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code.
- **[WARNING]** External script from cdn.knightlab.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code.
- **[WARNING]** External script from news.mongabay.com lacks integrity attribute — Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code.
- **[PASS]** script from static.cloudflareinsights.com has SRI protection

### JS Library Vulnerabilities (A+ — 100/100)

*No known vulnerabilities*

- **[PASS]** No known JavaScript library vulnerabilities detected

### Information Leakage (A+ — 100/100)

*No exposures*

- **[INFO]** No security.txt found — Consider adding a security.txt at /.well-known/security.txt.
- **[PASS]** No sensitive files exposed

### Email Security (A — 85/100)

*DMARC: quarantine*

- **[PASS]** DMARC policy is quarantine — good protection

### Permissions-Policy (D — 40/100)

*No header set*

- **[WARNING]** No Permissions-Policy header — Consider adding a Permissions-Policy header to restrict browser feature access from embedded content.

### CORS Configuration (B — 80/100)

*No CORS headers*

- **[PASS]** No CORS headers present — secure default

---

## Performance

### Page Weight Budget (B — 82/100)

*1.1 MB transferred, 51 requests*

- **[PASS]** Page weighs 2.3 MB (1.1 MB transferred)
- **[INFO]** 51 HTTP requests
- **[INFO]** Estimated 0.24 g CO2 per page load

### Third-Party Impact (D — 50/100)

*100% third-party, 0 ms blocking*

- **[WARNING]** Third-party code accounts for 100% of page weight (1.1 MiB of 1.1 MiB)
- **[PASS]** Third-party blocking time is low (0 ms)

### Text Compression (A+ — 100/100)

*All text resources are compressed*

- **[PASS]** All text resources are compressed

### Image Optimization (A+ — 95/100)

*14 images, 0 KB saveable*

- **[PASS]** All images are well-optimized

### JS Execution Cost (D — 40/100)

*3022ms total JS execution*

- **[WARNING]** https://app.mongabay.com/_next/static/chunks/32b4d...: 1511ms CPU time
- **[WARNING]** https://app.mongabay.com/: 676ms CPU time
- **[WARNING]** https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-MYFV...: 440ms CPU time
- **[WARNING]** Unattributable: 395ms CPU time
- **[WARNING]** Third-party scripts: 3022ms (100% of total)

### Font Loading (A+ — 100/100)

*2 fonts (47 KB)*

- **[INFO]** 2 font(s) use font-display: swap (FOUT risk but functional)

### JS Bundles (B — 80/100)

*21 scripts, 88 KB unused*

- **[WARNING]** https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-MYFV...: 64 KB unused (41%) — Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code.
- **[WARNING]** https://app.mongabay.com/_next/static/chunks/04ddb...: 24 KB unused (49%) — Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code.
- **[INFO]** Total unused JavaScript: 88 KB

### Resource Caching (A+ — 100/100)

*All resources properly cached*

- **[PASS]** No caching issues found

### Critical Rendering Path (A+ — 100/100)

*No render-blocking resources*

- **[PASS]** No render-blocking resources detected

### Resource Hints (A+ — 100/100)

*6 hints, 0 missing preconnects*

- **[PASS]** Page uses 6 resource hint(s)

### Page Weight Inventory (B — 75/100)

*51 resources · 1.1 MB · 88 KB savings available*

- **[WARNING]** Page weight 124 KB over 1MB target
- **[INFO]** ~88 KB of savings available
- **[WARNING]** 50 third-party resources (100% of weight)

### Render-Blocking Resources (A+ — 100/100)

*No render-blocking resources detected*

- **[PASS]** No render-blocking resources detected in <head>

### Third-Party Resources (A+ — 100/100)

*No third-party resources detected*


---

## Content Quality

### Links (F — 55/100)

*200 links checked, 191 healthy, 9 broken*

- **[CRITICAL]** 191 of 200 links are healthy
- **[WARNING]** Broken link: https://fonts.googleapis.com — Found in <link href>. Returns HTTP 404.
- **[WARNING]** Broken link: https://fonts.gstatic.com — Found in <link href>. Returns HTTP 404.
- **[WARNING]** Broken link: https://js.hs-scripts.com — Found in <link href>. Returns HTTP 404.
- **[WARNING]** Broken link: https://www.googletagmanager.com — Found in <link href>. Returns HTTP 404.
- **[CRITICAL]** Broken link: https://mongabay.com/news.mongabay.com/short-article/2026... — Found in <a href>. Returns HTTP 404.
- **[CRITICAL]** Broken link: https://www.int-res.com/journals/esr/articles/esr01424 — Found in <a href>. Returns HTTP 401.
- **[CRITICAL]** Broken link: https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u={{shareUrl}} — Found in <a href>. Returns HTTP 500.
- **[CRITICAL]** Broken link: https://threads.net/intent/post?text={{title}} {{shareUrl}} — Found in <a href>. Returns HTTP 400.
- **[CRITICAL]** Broken link: whatsapp://send?text={{shareUrl}}&title={{title}} — Found in <a href>. Get "whatsapp://send?text={{shareUrl}}&title={{title}}": unsupported protocol scheme "whatsapp"

### Mixed Content (A+ — 100/100)

*No mixed content detected — all resources use HTTPS.*

- **[PASS]** No mixed content detected — all resources use HTTPS

### Open Graph (C — 70/100)

*Open Graph tags are partially configured — some improvements recommended.*

- **[CRITICAL]** og:image is not reachable — The og:image URL could not be fetched. Social platforms won't be able to display it.
- **[WARNING]** Missing og:description — The og:description tag controls the description in social sharing previews.
- **[INFO]** Missing twitter:card — Without twitter:card, Twitter falls back to Open Graph tags. Adding it gives you more control.

### Structured Data (A+ — 100/100)

*1 JSON-LD block(s) found — structured data is well configured.*

- **[PASS]** Custom type "WebPage" — unable to validate specific properties

---

## Infrastructure

### DNS Records (A+ — 100/100)

*2 A records, 10 ms lookup*

- **[PASS]** Resolves to 2 IPv4 address(es)
- **[INFO]** No IPv6 (AAAA) records
- **[PASS]** 2 nameserver(s) configured
- **[PASS]** 7 mail exchanger(s) configured
- **[INFO]** CAA records not checked — CAA record lookup requires a specialized DNS resolver. This check will be available in a future update.
- **[PASS]** SPF record present in TXT
- **[PASS]** DNS resolution time: 10 ms

### Redirect Chain (A — 90/100)

*1 redirect(s), 341 ms total*

- **[PASS]** Single redirect
- **[INFO]** Cross-domain redirect detected

### IPv6 Readiness (C — 60/100)

*No IPv6 support*

- **[INFO]** No IPv6 (AAAA) records found — IPv6 support is increasingly important for global accessibility. About 40% of internet users have IPv6 connectivity.

### Crawlability (A+ — 100/100)

*robots.txt present, sitemap with 2 URLs*

- **[PASS]** robots.txt is present
- **[PASS]** sitemap.xml is present
- **[PASS]** sitemap.xml is valid XML
- **[PASS]** sitemap.xml contains 2 entries
- **[PASS]** Sitemap index with 2 child sitemaps
- **[PASS]** robots.txt references sitemap

### URL Variants (A+ — 100/100)

*www/non-www, trailing slash, HTTP→HTTPS*

- **[PASS]** www/non-www redirect configured correctly (preferred: non-www)
- **[PASS]** HTTP correctly 301-redirects to HTTPS

### Domain Intelligence (A — 90/100)

*mongabay.com — via Squarespace Domains II LLC, 27 years, 3 months old, hosted on Cloudflare*

- **[WARNING]** Domain expires in 47 days — Consider enabling auto-renewal to prevent accidental expiration.
- **[INFO]** DNSSEC is not enabled — DNSSEC protects against DNS spoofing attacks. While not required, enabling DNSSEC adds an additional layer of security. Contact your DNS provider to enable it.
- **[PASS]** Registrar: Squarespace Domains II LLC
- **[WARNING]** Registrar lock is NOT enabled — The domain can be transferred without an unlock step. Enable registrar lock (clientTransferProhibited) in your registrar's control panel to protect against unauthorized or accidental transfers.
- **[PASS]** Hosting: Cloudflare

---

## Compliance

### WCAG Compliance (A+ — 100/100)

*No testable criteria*


### Cookie Consent & Privacy (B — 80/100)

*No consent signals detected*

- **[WARNING]** No privacy policy link detected — A privacy policy page is recommended for transparency and may be legally required.
- **[INFO]** No terms of service link detected
- **[INFO]** No cookie consent banner detected
- **[PASS]** 1 cookie(s) set on initial load (functional)
- **[INFO]** This is an automated check, not legal advice — BeaverCheck detects technical indicators of consent management. This does not constitute a legal compliance assessment. Consult a privacy professional for GDPR/CCPA compliance.

### Language & i18n (A — 90/100)

*Lang attribute present*

- **[PASS]** <html lang> attribute is present
- **[PASS]** <html lang> value is valid
- **[INFO]** No Content-Language HTTP header
- **[INFO]** Language signals are inconsistent — The <html lang> attribute and Content-Language header should agree.

### Readability & Typography (A+ — 100/100)

*Font sizes and tap targets checked*


### Viewport Configuration (C — 60/100)

*Viewport prevents zooming*

- **[PASS]** Viewport meta tag is present
- **[PASS]** width=device-width is set
- **[CRITICAL]** Viewport prevents user zooming — user-scalable=no or maximum-scale < 2 prevents users from zooming. This is a WCAG 1.4.4 (Level AA) failure and an accessibility barrier for users with low vision.

### Third-Party Trackers (D — 45/100)

*10 trackers detected*

- **[INFO]** 10 third-party trackers detected — Found 7 analytics, 0 advertising, 2 marketing, 1 tag manager trackers.
- **[WARNING]** Trackers detected but no cookie policy found — This page loads 10 trackers but no cookie policy was detected. GDPR requires disclosure when using tracking cookies.
- **[WARNING]** Trackers detected but no privacy policy found — Most data protection regulations require a privacy policy when collecting user data via trackers.
- **[WARNING]** Session replay tool detected: Microsoft Clarity — Session replay tools record user interactions. These require clear disclosure and often explicit consent under GDPR.

### Cookie & Tracker Inventory (A+ — 100/100)

*1 cookies · 10 trackers · 0 pre-consent*

- **[INFO]** 10 third-party tracker(s) detected on page

---

## Legal

### Legal Page Ecosystem (C — 55/100)

*2 of 7 expected legal pages detected*

- **[PASS]** Privacy Policy detected — Found at https://www.mongabay.com/privacy.
- **[PASS]** Terms of Service detected — Found at https://www.mongabay.com/terms.
- **[INFO]** Cookie Policy not detected — No link matching common Cookie Policy URL patterns or link text was found. Most websites are expected to have a Cookie Policy, especially those collecting user data.
- **[INFO]** Accessibility Statement not detected — No link matching common Accessibility Statement URL patterns or link text was found. Most websites are expected to have a Accessibility Statement, especially those collecting user data.
- **[INFO]** DMCA / Copyright Notice not detected — No link matching common DMCA / Copyright Notice URL patterns or link text was found. Most websites are expected to have a DMCA / Copyright Notice, especially those collecting user data.
- **[INFO]** Refund / Returns Policy not detected — No link matching common Refund / Returns Policy URL patterns or link text was found. Most websites are expected to have a Refund / Returns Policy, especially those collecting user data.
- **[INFO]** Acceptable Use Policy not detected — No link matching common Acceptable Use Policy URL patterns or link text was found. Most websites are expected to have a Acceptable Use Policy, especially those collecting user data.

### Copyright Notice (A+ — 100/100)

*© 2026 Copyright Conservation news*

- **[PASS]** Copyright notice is up to date — Copyright notice is up to date: © 2026 Copyright Conservation news
- **[PASS]** Copyright holder: Copyright Conservation news

### Regulatory Indicators

*2 regulatory indicator(s) detected*

- **[INFO]** This is a technical scan, not a legal assessment — BeaverCheck detects technical indicators that may suggest regulatory relevance. This is not a compliance audit and should not be relied upon for legal decisions. Consult qualified legal counsel for compliance assessments.
- **[INFO]** GDPR indicators detected (moderate confidence) — Indicators suggesting GDPR may be relevant: Privacy policy page found. EU General Data Protection Regulation — governs collection and processing of personal data of EU residents.
- **[INFO]** HIPAA indicators detected (weak confidence) — Indicators suggesting HIPAA may be relevant: Text mentions: phi. Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act — protects sensitive patient health information.

### Third-Party Data Sharing

*3 third-party service(s) detected*

- **[INFO]** Data inventory for transparency purposes — This inventory identifies third-party services that receive data from your site visitors. Under regulations like GDPR (Article 30), maintaining records of data processing activities is commonly considered a best practice. This automated scan provides a starting point — it may not capture all data flows.
- **[INFO]** 3 third-party services across 3 categories — 3 third-party services detected across 3 categories: Analytics (1), Marketing (1), CDN (1). Each of these services receives some user data from your site visitors.
- **[INFO]** Google Analytics (Analytics) — Detected via script URL. Typically collects: Page views, User behavior, Demographics, Device info, IP address. Privacy policy: https://policies.google.com/privacy. Data Processing Agreement available.
- **[INFO]** HubSpot (Marketing) — Detected via script URL. Typically collects: Lead tracking, Form submissions, Page views, Email tracking. Privacy policy: https://legal.hubspot.com/privacy-policy. Data Processing Agreement available.
- **[INFO]** Cloudflare (CDN) — Detected via cookie name. Typically collects: IP address (transient), Request metadata. Privacy policy: https://www.cloudflare.com/privacypolicy/. Data Processing Agreement available.

### Compliance Badges (C — 55/100)

*0 compliance badge(s) detected*

- **[INFO]** No compliance badges detected — No recognized compliance certification badges or seals were found. This is common — many sites do not display compliance badges.

---

## Availability

### CDN & Delivery (A — 85/100)

*Cloudflare (DYNAMIC)*

- **[PASS]** Site is served via Cloudflare CDN (edge: SJC)
- **[INFO]** CDN cache status: DYNAMIC

### HTTP Caching (A — 90/100)

*max-age=600 (10 minutes)*

- **[PASS]** Cache-Control header is set
- **[PASS]** Effective TTL: 10 minutes (max-age=600)
- **[INFO]** No ETag or Last-Modified header — Conditional requests (304 Not Modified) are not possible without validators.

### Transport Security (A — 85/100)

*HTTP/3, HSTS, and TLS version analysis*

- **[PASS]** HTTP/3 (QUIC) supported — The server advertises HTTP/3 via Alt-Svc for faster connections on mobile networks.
- **[WARNING]** Missing Strict-Transport-Security header — HSTS tells browsers to only use HTTPS, preventing SSL stripping attacks.
- **[PASS]** TLS 1.3 in use (fastest handshake, 1-RTT)

---

## Accessibility

### Landmark Structure (D — 50/100)

*2 landmarks*

- **[CRITICAL]** No <main> landmark found — Screen reader users cannot quickly navigate to the primary content. Wrap your main content in <main>.
- **[WARNING]** No <nav> landmark found
- **[WARNING]** Skip navigation link is missing (WCAG 2.4.1) — Add a skip link as the first focusable element so keyboard users can bypass repeated navigation.

### Heading Hierarchy (F — 0/100)

*71 headings, 17 skip(s)*

- **[WARNING]** Multiple H1 headings (28 found) — A page should have only one H1. Multiple H1s dilute the document outline.
- **[WARNING]** Heading level skipped: H1 → H3 (missing H2) — Skipping heading levels breaks the document outline. Screen readers may interpret missing levels as structural errors.
- **[WARNING]** Heading level skipped: H1 → H3 (missing H2) — Skipping heading levels breaks the document outline. Screen readers may interpret missing levels as structural errors.
- **[WARNING]** Heading level skipped: H1 → H4 (missing H2) — Skipping heading levels breaks the document outline. Screen readers may interpret missing levels as structural errors.
- **[WARNING]** Heading level skipped: H1 → H3 (missing H2) — Skipping heading levels breaks the document outline. Screen readers may interpret missing levels as structural errors.
- **[WARNING]** Heading level skipped: H1 → H3 (missing H2) — Skipping heading levels breaks the document outline. Screen readers may interpret missing levels as structural errors.
- **[WARNING]** Heading level skipped: H1 → H5 (missing H2) — Skipping heading levels breaks the document outline. Screen readers may interpret missing levels as structural errors.
- **[WARNING]** Heading level skipped: H1 → H5 (missing H2) — Skipping heading levels breaks the document outline. Screen readers may interpret missing levels as structural errors.
- **[WARNING]** Heading level skipped: H1 → H5 (missing H2) — Skipping heading levels breaks the document outline. Screen readers may interpret missing levels as structural errors.
- **[WARNING]** Heading level skipped: H1 → H5 (missing H2) — Skipping heading levels breaks the document outline. Screen readers may interpret missing levels as structural errors.
- **[WARNING]** Heading level skipped: H1 → H5 (missing H2) — Skipping heading levels breaks the document outline. Screen readers may interpret missing levels as structural errors.
- **[WARNING]** Heading level skipped: H1 → H5 (missing H2) — Skipping heading levels breaks the document outline. Screen readers may interpret missing levels as structural errors.
- **[WARNING]** Heading level skipped: H1 → H5 (missing H2) — Skipping heading levels breaks the document outline. Screen readers may interpret missing levels as structural errors.
- **[WARNING]** Heading level skipped: H1 → H5 (missing H2) — Skipping heading levels breaks the document outline. Screen readers may interpret missing levels as structural errors.
- **[WARNING]** Heading level skipped: H1 → H5 (missing H2) — Skipping heading levels breaks the document outline. Screen readers may interpret missing levels as structural errors.
- **[WARNING]** Heading level skipped: H1 → H5 (missing H2) — Skipping heading levels breaks the document outline. Screen readers may interpret missing levels as structural errors.
- **[WARNING]** Heading level skipped: H1 → H3 (missing H2) — Skipping heading levels breaks the document outline. Screen readers may interpret missing levels as structural errors.
- **[WARNING]** Heading level skipped: H1 → H4 (missing H2) — Skipping heading levels breaks the document outline. Screen readers may interpret missing levels as structural errors.
- **[WARNING]** 1 empty heading(s) — Empty headings appear in the document outline but provide no information.

### Alt Text Quality (F — 2/100)

*9 of 50 images have issues*

- **[CRITICAL]** 4 image(s) missing alt attribute — Images without alt text are invisible to screen readers.
- **[CRITICAL]** 4 image-in-link without alt text — An image inside a link with no alt creates an empty link.
- **[WARNING]** 5 image(s) with filename as alt text
- **[INFO]** 4 image(s) with alt text over 125 characters
- **[PASS]** 8 decorative image(s) correctly marked
- **[PASS]** 29 image(s) with good alt text

### Form Accessibility (A — 85/100)

*1 of 1 controls have issues*

- **[CRITICAL]** 1 control(s) without accessible label — Form controls need a <label>, aria-label, or aria-labelledby for screen readers.

### Link & Button Quality (F — 28/100)

*12 issue(s) across 181 links and 4 buttons*

- **[CRITICAL]** 10 link(s) with no accessible text — Links without text are announced as raw URLs by screen readers.
- **[WARNING]** 2 link(s) with generic text — Generic link text like 'click here' doesn't describe the destination.
- **[CRITICAL]** 4 image-only link(s) without alt text — Image-only links need alt text on the image (or aria-label on the link) so screen readers can announce them.
- **[WARNING]** 69 link(s) open in new tab without warning — Add '(opens in new tab)' to link text or aria-label.
- **[PASS]** 96 link(s) with descriptive text

---

## UX

### 404 Error Page (A — 90/100)

*HTTP 404, custom page*

- **[PASS]** Correct 404 status code returned
- **[PASS]** Custom styled 404 page
- **[PASS]** Navigation links present on 404 page
- **[PASS]** Homepage link present on 404 page
- **[PASS]** Search form present on 404 page

### Favicon & Branding (A — 90/100)

*13 icon(s) detected*

- **[PASS]** favicon.ico present at site root
- **[PASS]** HTML icon links detected
- **[PASS]** Apple touch icon present
- **[PASS]** SVG favicon detected — scales perfectly to any size
- **[PASS]** Multiple icon sizes detected

### Web Manifest (A+ — 100/100)

*PWA-ready*

- **[PASS]** Meets PWA install criteria
- **[PASS]** Name present: Conservation News
- **[PASS]** 192x192 icon present
- **[PASS]** 512x512 icon present
- **[PASS]** Display mode: standalone

### Dark Mode Support (D — 45/100)

*Theme color only*

- **[INFO]** Theme-color present but no dark variant — A theme-color is set but no dark-specific variant was found. The browser toolbar may not adapt for dark mode users.
- **[INFO]** No dark mode signals detected — Consider adding CSS with @media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) and <meta name='color-scheme' content='light dark'>.
- **[INFO]** Detection limited to meta tags and inline styles — External CSS files may contain prefers-color-scheme rules not visible to this scan.

### Print Stylesheet (D — 40/100)

*No print styles*

- **[INFO]** No print-specific styles detected — When users print this page, they get the screen layout including navigation and non-essential elements. Add @media print rules to hide navigation and optimize layout for paper.

### Navigation UX (F — 0/100)

*No navigation patterns*

- **[INFO]** No breadcrumbs, search, or skip link detected — These navigation aids help users orient themselves and find content efficiently, especially on large sites.

---

## SEO

### Canonical URL (A+ — 95/100)

*Properly configured*

- **[PASS]** Canonical tag present
- **[PASS]** Canonical is self-referencing
- **[PASS]** Canonical matches final URL after redirects
- **[PASS]** Canonical target returns 200
- **[INFO]** Canonical points to a different domain

### Meta Tags (A+ — 95/100)

*Title optimized*

- **[PASS]** Page title is set
- **[PASS]** Title length (54 chars) is optimal
- **[INFO]** Title and H1 have very different wording — Alignment helps users confirm they've reached the right page.

### Content Depth (A+ — 100/100)

*3292 words, Difficult*

- **[PASS]** Page has 3292 words — good depth for search engines
- **[INFO]** Reading level: Difficult (grade 14)

### Internal Links (A+ — 100/100)

*28 internal, 153 external*

- **[PASS]** 28 internal links (15%)
- **[PASS]** 93% of links use descriptive anchor text
- **[INFO]** 28 internal / 153 external links

### Image SEO (A+ — 95/100)

*50 images, 50 descriptive filenames*

- **[PASS]** All images have descriptive filenames
- **[INFO]** 4 image(s) missing alt text — see Accessibility tab

### Hreflang

*0 hreflang tags*


---

## Sustainability

### CO2 Per Page Load (A — 85/100)

*0.27g CO2 per view*

- **[PASS]** 0.27g CO2 per page view — This page transfers 1.1 MB, producing an estimated 0.27g of CO2 per visit using the Sustainable Web Design model (v4). Breakdown: data center 0.01g, network 0.05g, end-user device 0.20g.
- **[INFO]** At 10,000 monthly views: 31.8 kg CO2/year — With 10,000 page views per month, this page would generate approximately 31.8 kg of CO2 annually — equivalent to charging 3979 smartphones.
- **[PASS]** Green hosting reduces data center emissions

### Green Hosting (A — 85/100)

*Green (cdn)*

- **[PASS]** Cloudflare CDN uses renewable energy — Since most traffic is served through the CDN, the majority of data transfer energy is renewable.
- **[INFO]** Cloudflare: 100% renewable energy for global network since 2019
- **[INFO]** Green hosting status based on known provider commitments — Green hosting detection uses a curated database of provider renewable energy commitments. This is not a real-time verification. For authoritative checks, visit thegreenwebfoundation.org.

### Repeat Visit Weight (A+ — 100/100)

*99% cached*

- **[PASS]** 99% reduction on repeat visits — Returning visitors download only 10 KB (vs 1147 KB first visit). 50 of 51 resources are served from browser cache, saving 0.26g CO2 per repeat visit.
- **[INFO]** Repeat visit: 0.00g CO2 (first visit: 0.27g)

### Carbon Budget (A — 85/100)

*16th percentile*

- **[PASS]** 0.27g CO2 — below the sustainability target of 0.50g — Cleaner than an estimated 84% of websites analyzed. This page meets the Web Sustainability Guidelines target.
- **[INFO]** Estimated 16th percentile — Compared to: top 10% = 0.20g, target = 0.50g, median = 0.60g per page view.

### Transfer Efficiency (A+ — 100/100)

*92% efficient*

- **[PASS]** Transfer efficiency: 92% — Only 87 KB of potential savings identified. Your page is well-optimized for size.

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*Generated by [BeaverCheck](https://beavercheck.com) — https://beavercheck.com/results/e3145f1a-e8ea-4a41-9120-54cfa4d24c69*