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Audit Complete

Results for https://uni-hamburg.de

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DE · EUR (€) · Estimated Applicable regulations: DSGVO · ePrivacy Directive · EAA Dev cost: €90/hr How jurisdiction is detected
Spain Spain · Madrid Completed: Apr 21, 2026 22:11 UTC
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Mobile 375 × 812

Screenshot of the audited page (Mobile 375×812)

Desktop 1440 × 900

Screenshot of the audited page (Desktop 1440×900)
C75

Site Health

Score: 75 / 100

Based on 8 categories, 0 sections

Decent speed, but optimizing further could improve engagement.

Several missing protections leave your users and data exposed.

Several issues make your site difficult for assistive technology users.

Well-optimized for search — your content is discoverable.

Solid infrastructure — fast server responses across the board.

Mostly compliant — a few items need attention.

Good content signals with minor gaps.

Heavier than average — reducing page weight saves energy and bandwidth.

How is this calculated?

The overall score is a weighted average of individual category scores. Categories with more impact on user experience and security carry more weight.

Performance 25%Security 25%Accessibility 15%SEO 10%Infrastructure 10%Compliance 8%Content 5%Sustainability 2%

Weights reflect general web best practices. Individual needs may differ.

How the composite score is calculated

How you compare

Apple · 822 peers
You 75
·
Avg 73
At average
0 50 100
Better than 69% of Apple sites See full Apple benchmark →
core-js · 960 peers
You 75
·
Avg 72
At average
0 50 100
Better than 76% of core-js sites See full core-js benchmark →

Top Priorities (5)

1

Content-Security-Policy header is missing

Security gaps expose your site and users to attacks, eroding trust.

Security › Security Headers
2

HSTS header is missing

Security gaps expose your site and users to attacks, eroding trust.

Security › Security Headers
3

No Content-Security-Policy header found

Security gaps expose your site and users to attacks, eroding trust.

Security › Content Security Policy
4

43 third-party resources (100% of weight)

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Performance › Page Weight Inventory
5

Cross-Origin-Embedder-Policy header is missing

Security gaps expose your site and users to attacks, eroding trust.

Security › Security Headers
View fix priority matrix

Fix Priority Matrix

5 findings

Quick Wins

4

High impact, low effort — start here.

Strategic

1

High impact, requires investment.

Easy Improvements

0

Small gains, minimal effort.

Nothing in this quadrant — good news.

Deprioritize

0

Low impact, high effort — do last.

Nothing in this quadrant — good news.

← Low effort High effort →
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<a href="https://beavercheck.com/results/6e50c74d-928f-4f11-af8c-994465643421"><img src="https://beavercheck.com/badge?url=https%3A%2F%2Funi-hamburg.de" alt="BeaverCheck Score"></a>
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What fixing these means

Your site performs reasonably well, but a few targeted fixes could meaningfully improve results. Your LCP of 7.2s exceeds Google's 2.5s 'Good' threshold and the 1 performance issue below directly contributes to it. Addressing the critical issues below would have the most immediate impact on your user trust.

4 security gaps detected — browsers may warn visitors about your site.
Your LCP is 7.2s — fixing the 1 performance critical could bring it under Google's 2.5s 'Good' threshold.

Conversion Barriers

2 critical 6 warning

8 barrier(s) likely increasing bounce by ~30%.

Speed (1)

Page takes 7.2s to load

+12% bounce

Users abandon at ~3s — you're 4.7s over the 2.5s threshold

Fix: Optimize render-blocking resources, preload the hero image, and compress images

Trust (2)

No HSTS header

+1% bounce

Returning visitors are briefly exposed to downgrade attacks on first request

Fix: Set Strict-Transport-Security: max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains

No Content-Security-Policy header

+1% bounce

Higher XSS blast radius — one compromised script can exfiltrate the checkout form

Fix: Ship a reporting-only CSP first, then enforce once violations are clean

Usability (1)

Layout shifts during page load

+3% bounce

Content movement causes mis-clicks on CTAs and form fields

Fix: Add width/height to images; reserve space for late-loading embeds

Content (2)

No structured data

+2% bounce

No rich-result eligibility in Google — lower SERP CTR vs competitors with stars and prices

Fix: Add JSON-LD for your page type (Product, Article, FAQPage, LocalBusiness, …)

Content is hard to read

+2% bounce

Graduate-level reading difficulty — limits the addressable audience for product or blog pages

Fix: Shorten sentences; replace jargon with plain language; target Flesch ease ≥60

Navigation (2)

No skip-to-content link

+1% bounce

Keyboard and screen-reader users must tab through the entire header on every page

Fix: Add a visible-on-focus <a href="#main">Skip to content</a> as the first focusable element

4 broken link(s) on the page

+5% bounce

Clicks land on 404s — trust drops and the session often ends

Fix: Fix or remove the broken destinations surfaced on the Content tab

Preliminary CRO audit — each barrier links to the tab with detailed analysis.

Return on Investment

€360 investment → €4,237/month returns + EUR 120,500,000 risk avoided

Payback period: < 1 month First-year ROI: +14023%

Investment

€360

4h · 5 findings

Monthly returns

€4,237 /mo

~€50,843 / year

  • Conversions recovered €4,236
  • Bandwidth savings €0.76

Regulatory risk avoided

EUR 120,500,000

if kept compliant

  • ePrivacy Directive EUR 100,000,000
  • DSGVO EUR 20,000,000
  • EAA EUR 500,000

Payback period

0 12mo 24mo

€180 — in quick wins — start here for the fastest payback

Figures combine localized regulatory fine ceilings, search/conversion value priced against local CPC, and bandwidth waste estimates. Results depend on implementation quality and audience composition. Not legal or financial advice.

Full methodology & sources

Estimated Remediation Cost

€360

4.0 developer hours at €90/hr

Based on Germany rates (€90/hr)

Quick wins
€180 4 fixes in ~120 minutes

Start here for the best return on investment

Cost by category

Cost by effort level

Adjust assumptions
/hr

Rates reflect fully-loaded developer cost including overhead

How developer rates are sourced

What Inaction Is Costing You

€10,041,667 / month at risk

~€120,500,009 / year if left unfixed

Compliance Risk

€120,500,000

ePrivacy DirectiveDSGVOEAA
  • No privacy policy link detected
    DSGVO: EUR 10,000 – EUR 20,000,000
  • Trackers detected but no cookie policy found
    DSGVO: EUR 5,000 – EUR 10,000,000
  • Trackers detected but no cookie policy found
    DSGVO: EUR 10,000 – EUR 20,000,000

+5 more

Bandwidth Waste

€0.76 /mo

10305.0 MB/mo × 0.074 EUR/GB

  • Optimize transfer: save ~1.0 MB per page load
    Saves €0.76/mo

Compliance figures represent the statutory maximum fine for the most severe triggered category, capped per regulation — not the sum of per-finding penalties. Based on published regulatory fine ranges. This is not legal advice.

Compliance methodology · SEO assumptions · Bandwidth model

Your performance is already good — improvements may show diminishing returns

Unique monthly visitors from your analytics

Purchases, signups, or key actions

Optional — for revenue estimation

additional conversions/month

more engaged visitors from reduced bounce

potential monthly revenue
Current bounce (est.)
After fixes (est.)
Estimated bounce reduction

Fix 3 critical issues to capture this value

How this is calculated

Based on Google/Deloitte research ("Milliseconds Make Millions") showing a ~7% bounce rate increase per additional second of LCP above the 2.5s "Good" threshold.

Your site's LCP: → estimated after fixes.

These are estimates based on industry research — actual results vary

Bounce-rate model & assumptions

Your data stays in your browser — nothing is sent to our servers

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Lighthouse Scores

Industry-standard audits powered by Google Lighthouse.

54
Performance Overall performance score (0–100) based on Core Web Vitals and other metrics. 90+ is good.
97
Accessibility Measures how accessible the page is for users with disabilities. Checks color contrast, ARIA labels, and semantic HTML.
100
Best Practices Checks for modern web development best practices including HTTPS, no console errors, and secure JavaScript.
100
SEO Measures basic SEO optimizations: meta tags, crawlability, link text, and mobile friendliness.

Core Web Vitals

Key metrics that affect user experience.

First Contentful Paint First Contentful Paint — how long until the browser renders the first piece of content. Under 1.8s is good.

3.75 s

Largest Contentful Paint Largest Contentful Paint — how long until the largest visible element loads. Under 2.5s is good.

7.24 s

Total Blocking Time Total Blocking Time — total time the main thread was blocked, preventing user input. Under 200ms is good.

158 ms

Cumulative Layout Shift Cumulative Layout Shift — measures visual stability. How much the page layout shifts during loading. Under 0.1 is good.

0.208

Speed Index Speed Index — how quickly content is visually displayed during load. Under 3.4s is good.

4.87 s

Time to Interactive Time to Interactive — how long until the page is fully interactive and responds to user input. Under 3.8s is good.

8.29 s

Detailed Report

Audit breakdown by category with detailed findings.

54

Performance

Insights

Remove large, duplicate JavaScript modules from bundles to reduce unnecessary bytes consumed by network activity.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Polyfills and transforms enable older browsers to use new JavaScript features. However, many aren't necessary for modern browsers. Consider modifying your JavaScript build process to not transpile Baseline features, unless you know you must support older browsers. Learn why most sites can deploy ES6+ code without transpiling

Why this matters

Shipping ES5 transpiled code to modern browsers wastes bytes — every user with an evergreen browser pays for compatibility you don't need.

Learn more

Most users today run browsers that natively support ES6+, async/await, optional chaining, and the rest of modern JavaScript. Transpiling to ES5 'just in case' adds 20-40% to your bundle for no benefit. Configure your build to target a modern browserslist, or ship a differential bundle pair (modern + legacy) with the module/nomodule pattern.

Source: Google web.dev / Lighthouse

3rd party code can significantly impact load performance. Reduce and defer loading of 3rd party code to prioritize your page's content.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Layout shifts occur when elements move absent any user interaction. Investigate the causes of layout shifts, such as elements being added, removed, or their fonts changing as the page loads.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

headings: [map[key:node label:Element subItemsHeading:map[key:extra] valueType:node] map[granularity:0.001 key:score label:Layout shift score subItemsHeading:map[key:cause valueType:text] valueType:numeric]]
items: [map[node:map[type:text value:Total] score:0.208313] map[node:map[boundingRect:map[bottom:5092 height:188 left:1106 right:1438 top:4905 width:332] lhId:page-6-IMG nodeLabel:Hauptgebäude der Universität Hamburg path:1,HTML,1,BODY,1,DIV,2,DIV,1,MAIN,0,SECTION,0,ARTICLE,6,DIV,0,DIV,0,DIV,1,NAV,0,UL,3,LI,0,DIV,0,A,0,DIV,0,IMG selector:div > a.text > div.image > img snippet:<img alt="Hauptgebäude der Universität Hamburg" loading="lazy" src=""> type:node] score:0.208313]]

Your first network request is the most important. Reduce its latency by avoiding redirects, ensuring a fast server response, and enabling text compression.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Reducing the download time of images can improve the perceived load time of the page and LCP. Learn more about optimizing image size

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

URLResource SizeEst Savings
div.outer > div.full > figure.video > video#video-1776809437104 div.outer > div.full > figure.video > video#video-1776809437104
/25056460/video-startseite-0dadc40703e9c8ae96b427e9fdcc76...205.9 KiB163.6 KiB
Sechs Studierende der UHH stehen auf einer Treppe und halten drei große rote Bu… div.full > figure > picture > img
/instance_assets/uni/25056047/uhh-640x320-a35fa2d97fcb1cf...84.5 KiB51.2 KiB
Nahaufnahme einer Forscherin, die im Labor arbeitet. div.full > figure > picture > img
/instance_assets/uni/25056101/forschen-640x320-ea06c1f15c...73.9 KiB40.6 KiB
Bunte Illustration, auf der zwei Mitarbeitende der UHH gemeinsam arbeiten div.full > figure > picture > img
/instance_assets/uni/25056146/arbeiten-640x320-0b759dd74b...52.7 KiB19.4 KiB
Audit section.global > nav.bottom > div.audits > div.audit1
/assets/Siegel_Re-Audit_de_81x81px-4bc5f9ebeacece71bb530f...13.8 KiB12.7 KiB
Bunte Illustration mit zwei Studierenden, die miteinander reden div.full > figure > picture > img
/instance_assets/uni/25056056/studieren-640x320-9e6ce6c67...38.8 KiB5.5 KiB

Optimize LCP by making the LCP image discoverable from the HTML immediately, and avoiding lazy-loading

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

lhId: page-0-VIDEO
nodeLabel: div.outer > div.full > figure.video > video#video-1776809437104
path: 1,HTML,1,BODY,1,DIV,2,DIV,1,MAIN,0,SECTION,0,ARTICLE,0,DIV,0,DIV,1,FIGURE,0,VIDEO
selector: div.outer > div.full > figure.video > video#video-1776809437104
snippet: <video autoplay="" class="uhh-miniplayer" loop="" muted="" playsinline="" poster="/25056460/video-startseite-0dadc40703e9c8ae96b427e9fdcc7655d49dfb94.jpg" id="video-1776809437104" disablepictureinpicture="">

HTTP/2 and HTTP/3 offer many benefits over HTTP/1.1, such as multiplexing. Learn more about using modern HTTP.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

URLProtocol
/assets/1-c670d8a09aff9f71bb6aade2b7335870af7a2f2b07e3509...http/1.1
/assets/2-5c32f29283efecd70d560dff3d70febb1cb5a2277638619...http/1.1
/assets/print-85727ed44b77df53ff88b8a79482dc1ba86ec114c0f...http/1.1
/assets/2-a25a64b8ef71e4d939753923135383c905c3d9038fbbae1...http/1.1
/assets/TheSansUHHSemiLightCaps-32ba22c7d79fd9bb62f6fdc07...http/1.1
/assets/TheSansUHHBold-7bc7a19f2f859b122f413c47ab20a3459e...http/1.1
/assets/TheSansUHHBoldCaps-e693e29862e9a63c8fcda727651460...http/1.1
/assets/TheSansUHHRegular-d12c570fcf82daa59706e8bc063b089...http/1.1
/assets/TheSansUHHRegularCaps-2b6f7440c42c3e72ad537b81477...http/1.1
/assets/TheSansUHHRegularItalic-d6fab6cd19bfdef91af497a14...http/1.1
/assets/uhh-logo-16dab7756eecc70a7649a242498868c6bb37872e...http/1.1
/assets/placeholder-5c5fc8f0915b6ab9ac0e253dfdb9636831107...http/1.1
/assets/hamburger-b3b3524203bc7ee7181ac8d2ba6c2ef9a8ee808...http/1.1
/assets/Gebaerdensprache-2277df00776f836f68b0d845a8826d84...http/1.1
/assets/LeichteSprache-fcaa2f75603dcdd10d4c642230761008c8...http/1.1
/assets/audit_fgh_rz_2010_DE_81x81-f17706edad4030b8644f46...http/1.1
/assets/Siegel_Re-Audit_de_81x81px-4bc5f9ebeacece71bb530f...http/1.1
/assets/DIVERSITY_AUDIT_FOOTER_81x81-c98e117ae3aa00fc6131...http/1.1
/instance_assets/uni/25056047/uhh-640x320-a35fa2d97fcb1cf...http/1.1
/instance_assets/uni/25056056/studieren-640x320-9e6ce6c67...http/1.1
/instance_assets/uni/25056101/forschen-640x320-ea06c1f15c...http/1.1
/instance_assets/uni/25056146/arbeiten-640x320-0b759dd74b...http/1.1
/assets/search-0ac1990f4228497df0c0079276440f3fd30b6a90f9...http/1.1
/assets/pfeil-blaugross-5cdf9bac39c4d1f0a6c30dab4fc4c7b6a...http/1.1

Avoid chaining critical requests by reducing the length of chains, reducing the download size of resources, or deferring the download of unnecessary resources to improve page load.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

description: [preconnect](https://developer.chrome.com/docs/lighthouse/performance/uses-rel-preconnect/) hints help the browser establish a connection earlier in the page load, saving time when the first request for that origin is made. The following are the origins that the page preconnected to.
title: Preconnected origins
value: no origins were preconnected
description: Add [preconnect](https://developer.chrome.com/docs/lighthouse/performance/uses-rel-preconnect/) hints to your most important origins, but try to use no more than 4.
title: Preconnect candidates

A long cache lifetime can speed up repeat visits to your page. Learn more about caching.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

These insights are also available in the Chrome DevTools Performance Panel - record a trace to view more detailed information.

Redirects introduce additional delays before the page can be loaded. Learn how to avoid page redirects.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Estimated savings: 751 ms
URLTime Spent
uni-hamburg.de/751 ms
www.uni-hamburg.de/0.0 ms

These are the largest layout shifts observed on the page. Each table item represents a single layout shift, and shows the element that shifted the most. Below each item are possible root causes that led to the layout shift. Some of these layout shifts may not be included in the CLS metric value due to windowing. Learn how to improve CLS

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

ElementLayout shift score
Hauptgebäude der Universität Hamburg div > a.text > div.image > img
0.208

Time to Interactive is the amount of time it takes for the page to become fully interactive. Learn more about the Time to Interactive metric.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

TTI

The maximum potential First Input Delay that your users could experience is the duration of the longest task. Learn more about the Maximum Potential First Input Delay metric.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Diagnostics

Reduce unused rules from stylesheets and defer CSS not used for above-the-fold content to decrease bytes consumed by network activity. Learn how to reduce unused CSS.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Estimated savings: 0.0 ms 103.3 KiB

Reduce unused JavaScript and defer loading scripts until they are required to decrease bytes consumed by network activity. Learn how to reduce unused JavaScript.

Why this matters

Multi-megabyte JavaScript bundles delay every interactive feature on the page.

Learn more

This is the Lighthouse audit fired when too much JS is shipped relative to what executes. The fix isn't a config flag — it requires bundle analysis (webpack-bundle-analyzer, rollup-plugin-visualizer), splitting routes into chunks, lazy-loading off-screen components, and removing unused dependencies. Fundamentally different from minification: minifying reduces byte count, this reduces what's downloaded at all.

Source: Google web.dev / Lighthouse

Estimated savings: 750 ms 141.1 KiB
URLTransfer SizeEst Savings
/assets/2-a25a64b8ef71e4d939753923135383c905c3d9038fbbae1...199.4 KiB141.1 KiB

More information about the performance of your application. These numbers don't directly affect the Performance score.

Optimize DOM size
Font display
Forced reflow
LCP breakdown
Render blocking requests
Optimize viewport for mobile
Minify CSS
Minify JavaScript
JavaScript execution time 0.6 s
Minimizes main-thread work 1.8 s
Avoid long main-thread tasks 5 long tasks found
Image elements have explicit `width` and `height`
Page didn't prevent back/forward cache restoration
Network Requests
Network Round Trip Times 40 ms
Server Backend Latencies 70 ms
Tasks
Diagnostics
Metrics
Screenshot Thumbnails
Final Screenshot
Script Treemap Data
Resources Summary
Initial server response time was short Root document took 210 ms
INP breakdown
User Timing marks and measures
Avoid non-composited animations
97

Accessibility

These checks highlight opportunities to improve the accessibility of your web app. Automatic detection can only detect a subset of issues and does not guarantee the accessibility of your web app, so manual testing is also encouraged.

Best practices

Touch targets with sufficient size and spacing help users who may have difficulty targeting small controls to activate the targets. Learn more about touch targets.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Failing Elements
Feedback div.breite > ul.linkliste > li > a.feedback
Impressum div.breite > ul.linkliste > li > a.imprint
Datenschutzerklärung div.breite > ul.linkliste > li > a.privacypolicy
Sitemap div.breite > ul.linkliste > li > a.sitemap

These items highlight common accessibility best practices.

Interactive controls are keyboard focusable
Interactive elements indicate their purpose and state
The page has a logical tab order
Visual order on the page follows DOM order
User focus is not accidentally trapped in a region
The user's focus is directed to new content added to the page
HTML5 landmark elements are used to improve navigation
Offscreen content is hidden from assistive technology
Custom controls have associated labels
Custom controls have ARIA roles
`[aria-*]` attributes match their roles
`[aria-hidden="true"]` is not present on the document `<body>`
`[role]`s have all required `[aria-*]` attributes
`[role]`s are contained by their required parent element
`[role]` values are valid
`[aria-*]` attributes have valid values
`[aria-*]` attributes are valid and not misspelled
Buttons have an accessible name
Image elements have `[alt]` attributes
Input buttons have discernible text.
Form elements have associated labels
`[user-scalable="no"]` is not used in the `<meta name="viewport">` element and the `[maximum-scale]` attribute is not less than 5.
ARIA attributes are used as specified for the element's role
`[aria-hidden="true"]` elements do not contain focusable descendents
Elements use only permitted ARIA attributes
Background and foreground colors have a sufficient contrast ratio
Document has a `<title>` element
`<html>` element has a `[lang]` attribute
`<html>` element has a valid value for its `[lang]` attribute
Links have a discernible name
Lists contain only `<li>` elements and script supporting elements (`<script>` and `<template>`).
List items (`<li>`) are contained within `<ul>`, `<ol>` or `<menu>` parent elements
No element has a `[tabindex]` value greater than 0
Heading elements appear in a sequentially-descending order
Skip links are focusable.
Document has a main landmark.
Deprecated ARIA roles were not used
`<video>` elements contain a `<track>` element with `[kind="captions"]`
Identical links have the same purpose.
`[accesskey]` values are unique
`button`, `link`, and `menuitem` elements have accessible names
Elements with `role="dialog"` or `role="alertdialog"` have accessible names.
ARIA input fields have accessible names
ARIA `meter` elements have accessible names
ARIA `progressbar` elements have accessible names
Elements with an ARIA `[role]` that require children to contain a specific `[role]` have all required children.
Elements with the `role=text` attribute do not have focusable descendents.
ARIA toggle fields have accessible names
ARIA `tooltip` elements have accessible names
ARIA `treeitem` elements have accessible names
The page contains a heading, skip link, or landmark region
`<dl>`'s contain only properly-ordered `<dt>` and `<dd>` groups, `<script>`, `<template>` or `<div>` elements.
Definition list items are wrapped in `<dl>` elements
ARIA IDs are unique
No form fields have multiple labels
`<frame>` or `<iframe>` elements have a title
`<html>` element has an `[xml:lang]` attribute with the same base language as the `[lang]` attribute.
`<input type="image">` elements have `[alt]` text
Links are distinguishable without relying on color.
The document does not use `<meta http-equiv="refresh">`
`<object>` elements have alternate text
Select elements have associated label elements.
Cells in a `<table>` element that use the `[headers]` attribute refer to table cells within the same table.
`<th>` elements and elements with `[role="columnheader"/"rowheader"]` have data cells they describe.
`[lang]` attributes have a valid value
Tables have different content in the summary attribute and `<caption>`.
All heading elements contain content.
Uses ARIA roles only on compatible elements
Image elements do not have `[alt]` attributes that are redundant text.
Elements with visible text labels have matching accessible names.
Tables use `<caption>` instead of cells with the `[colspan]` attribute to indicate a caption.
`<td>` elements in a large `<table>` have one or more table headers.
100

Best Practices

General

Source maps translate minified code to the original source code. This helps developers debug in production. In addition, Lighthouse is able to provide further insights. Consider deploying source maps to take advantage of these benefits. Learn more about source maps.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Uses HTTPS
Avoids deprecated APIs
Avoids third-party cookies
Allows users to paste into input fields
Avoids requesting the geolocation permission on page load
Avoids requesting the notification permission on page load
Displays images with correct aspect ratio
Serves images with appropriate resolution
Page has the HTML doctype
Properly defines charset
No browser errors logged to the console
No issues in the `Issues` panel in Chrome Devtools
Ensure CSP is effective against XSS attacks
Use a strong HSTS policy
Ensure proper origin isolation with COOP
Mitigate DOM-based XSS with Trusted Types
Detected JavaScript libraries
Redirects HTTP traffic to HTTPS
Mitigate clickjacking with XFO or CSP
100

SEO

These checks ensure that your page is following basic search engine optimization advice. There are many additional factors Lighthouse does not score here that may affect your search ranking, including performance on Core Web Vitals. Learn more about Google Search Essentials.

Structured data is valid
Page isn’t blocked from indexing
Document has a `<title>` element
Document has a meta description
Page has successful HTTP status code
Links have descriptive text
Links are crawlable
robots.txt is valid
Image elements have `[alt]` attributes
Document has a valid `hreflang`
Document has a valid `rel=canonical`

Lighthouse Scores

Industry-standard audits powered by Google Lighthouse. — Desktop

91
Performance Overall performance score (0–100) based on Core Web Vitals and other metrics. 90+ is good.
100
Accessibility Measures how accessible the page is for users with disabilities. Checks color contrast, ARIA labels, and semantic HTML.
100
Best Practices Checks for modern web development best practices including HTTPS, no console errors, and secure JavaScript.
92
SEO Measures basic SEO optimizations: meta tags, crawlability, link text, and mobile friendliness.

Core Web Vitals

Key metrics that affect user experience. — Desktop

First Contentful Paint First Contentful Paint — how long until the browser renders the first piece of content. Under 1.8s is good.

895 ms

Largest Contentful Paint Largest Contentful Paint — how long until the largest visible element loads. Under 2.5s is good.

1.48 s

Total Blocking Time Total Blocking Time — total time the main thread was blocked, preventing user input. Under 200ms is good.

0 ms

Cumulative Layout Shift Cumulative Layout Shift — measures visual stability. How much the page layout shifts during loading. Under 0.1 is good.

0.058

Speed Index Speed Index — how quickly content is visually displayed during load. Under 3.4s is good.

1.68 s

Time to Interactive Time to Interactive — how long until the page is fully interactive and responds to user input. Under 3.8s is good.

1.94 s

Detailed Report

Audit breakdown by category with detailed findings.

91

Performance

Insights

Remove large, duplicate JavaScript modules from bundles to reduce unnecessary bytes consumed by network activity.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Polyfills and transforms enable older browsers to use new JavaScript features. However, many aren't necessary for modern browsers. Consider modifying your JavaScript build process to not transpile Baseline features, unless you know you must support older browsers. Learn why most sites can deploy ES6+ code without transpiling

Why this matters

Shipping ES5 transpiled code to modern browsers wastes bytes — every user with an evergreen browser pays for compatibility you don't need.

Learn more

Most users today run browsers that natively support ES6+, async/await, optional chaining, and the rest of modern JavaScript. Transpiling to ES5 'just in case' adds 20-40% to your bundle for no benefit. Configure your build to target a modern browserslist, or ship a differential bundle pair (modern + legacy) with the module/nomodule pattern.

Source: Google web.dev / Lighthouse

3rd party code can significantly impact load performance. Reduce and defer loading of 3rd party code to prioritize your page's content.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Your first network request is the most important. Reduce its latency by avoiding redirects, ensuring a fast server response, and enabling text compression.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

A forced reflow occurs when JavaScript queries geometric properties (such as offsetWidth) after styles have been invalidated by a change to the DOM state. This can result in poor performance. Learn more about forced reflows and possible mitigations.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

headings: [map[key:source label:Top function call valueType:source-location] map[granularity:1 key:reflowTime label:Total reflow time valueType:ms]]
items: [map[reflowTime:20.926 source:map[column:18 line:48 type:source-location url:https://www.uni-hamburg.de/ urlProvider:network]]]
headings: [map[key:source label:Source valueType:source-location] map[granularity:1 key:reflowTime label:Total reflow time valueType:ms]]
items: [map[reflowTime:1.206 source:map[column:13422 line:2 type:source-location url:https://assets.rrz.uni-hamburg.de/assets/2-a25a64b8ef71e4d939753923135383c905c3d9038fbbae14392eb09165a1bd56.js urlProvider:network]] map[reflowTime:0.23 source:map[column:69451 line:0 type:source-location url:https://assets.rrz.uni-hamburg.de/assets/2-a25a64b8ef71e4d939753923135383c905c3d9038fbbae14392eb09165a1bd56.js urlProvider:network]] map[reflowTime:0.147 source:map[column:69515 line:0 type:source-location url:https://assets.rrz.uni-hamburg.de/assets/2-a25a64b8ef71e4d939753923135383c905c3d9038fbbae14392eb09165a1bd56.js urlProvider:network]] map[reflowTime:0.124 source:map[column:69582 line:0 type:source-location url:https://assets.rrz.uni-hamburg.de/assets/2-a25a64b8ef71e4d939753923135383c905c3d9038fbbae14392eb09165a1bd56.js urlProvider:network]] map[reflowTime:21.015 source:map[column:70581 line:0 type:source-location url:https://assets.rrz.uni-hamburg.de/assets/2-a25a64b8ef71e4d939753923135383c905c3d9038fbbae14392eb09165a1bd56.js urlProvider:network]] map[reflowTime:3.685 source:map[column:70559 line:0 type:source-location url:https://assets.rrz.uni-hamburg.de/assets/2-a25a64b8ef71e4d939753923135383c905c3d9038fbbae14392eb09165a1bd56.js urlProvider:network]] map[reflowTime:4.128 source:map[column:70451 line:0 type:source-location url:https://assets.rrz.uni-hamburg.de/assets/2-a25a64b8ef71e4d939753923135383c905c3d9038fbbae14392eb09165a1bd56.js urlProvider:network]] map[reflowTime:0.794 source:map[column:12387 line:2 type:source-location url:https://assets.rrz.uni-hamburg.de/assets/2-a25a64b8ef71e4d939753923135383c905c3d9038fbbae14392eb09165a1bd56.js urlProvider:network]] map[reflowTime:7.349 source:map[column:71250 line:2 type:source-location url:https://assets.rrz.uni-hamburg.de/assets/2-a25a64b8ef71e4d939753923135383c905c3d9038fbbae14392eb09165a1bd56.js urlProvider:network]] map[reflowTime:3.222 source:map[column:76809 line:2 type:source-location url:https://assets.rrz.uni-hamburg.de/assets/2-a25a64b8ef71e4d939753923135383c905c3d9038fbbae14392eb09165a1bd56.js urlProvider:network]] map[reflowTime:0.637 source:map[column:77290 line:2 type:source-location url:https://assets.rrz.uni-hamburg.de/assets/2-a25a64b8ef71e4d939753923135383c905c3d9038fbbae14392eb09165a1bd56.js urlProvider:network]] map[reflowTime:0.457 source:map[column:114502 line:2 type:source-location url:https://assets.rrz.uni-hamburg.de/assets/2-a25a64b8ef71e4d939753923135383c905c3d9038fbbae14392eb09165a1bd56.js urlProvider:network]]]

Reducing the download time of images can improve the perceived load time of the page and LCP. Learn more about optimizing image size

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

URLResource SizeEst Savings
Foto des Haupteinganges des Botanischen Gartens div > a.text > div.image > img
/instance_assets/uni/25270495/bot-garten-sonntagsfuehrung...170.9 KiB160.5 KiB
div.outer > div.full > figure.video > video#video-1776809452383 div.outer > div.full > figure.video > video#video-1776809452383
/25056460/video-startseite-0dadc40703e9c8ae96b427e9fdcc76...205.9 KiB127.0 KiB
Nahaufnahme einer Forscherin, die im Labor arbeitet. div.full > figure > picture > img
/instance_assets/uni/25056128/forschen-960x720-7a6d6f0637...220.6 KiB108.1 KiB
Frontansicht Von-Melle-Park 8 mit Ententeich im Vordergrund div > a.text > div.image > img
/instance_assets/uni/27704556/vmp-8-uhh-baumann-733x414-4...112.7 KiB102.3 KiB
Foto des Innenhofes des Wiwi-Bunkers div > a.text > div.image > img
/instance_assets/uni/27704327/wiwi-bunker-roettger-733x41...106.8 KiB96.4 KiB
Sechs Studierende der UHH stehen auf einer Treppe und halten drei große rote Bu… div.full > figure > picture > img
/instance_assets/uni/25056074/uhh-960x497-17c6f25e78b996e...169.1 KiB91.5 KiB
Hauptgebäude der Universität Hamburg div > a.text > div.image > img
/instance_assets/uni/26624961/230228-hauptgebaeude-esfand...44.1 KiB34.9 KiB
Audit section.global > nav.bottom > div.audits > div.audit1
/assets/Siegel_Re-Audit_de_81x81px-4bc5f9ebeacece71bb530f...13.8 KiB12.7 KiB

Optimize LCP by making the LCP image discoverable from the HTML immediately, and avoiding lazy-loading

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

lhId: page-1-VIDEO
nodeLabel: div.outer > div.full > figure.video > video#video-1776809452383
path: 1,HTML,1,BODY,1,DIV,2,DIV,1,MAIN,0,SECTION,0,ARTICLE,0,DIV,0,DIV,1,FIGURE,0,VIDEO
selector: div.outer > div.full > figure.video > video#video-1776809452383
snippet: <video autoplay="" class="uhh-miniplayer" loop="" muted="" playsinline="" poster="/25056460/video-startseite-0dadc40703e9c8ae96b427e9fdcc7655d49dfb94.jpg" id="video-1776809452383" disablepictureinpicture="">

HTTP/2 and HTTP/3 offer many benefits over HTTP/1.1, such as multiplexing. Learn more about using modern HTTP.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

URLProtocol
/assets/1-c670d8a09aff9f71bb6aade2b7335870af7a2f2b07e3509...http/1.1
/assets/2-5c32f29283efecd70d560dff3d70febb1cb5a2277638619...http/1.1
/assets/print-85727ed44b77df53ff88b8a79482dc1ba86ec114c0f...http/1.1
/assets/2-a25a64b8ef71e4d939753923135383c905c3d9038fbbae1...http/1.1
/assets/TheSansUHHSemiLightCaps-32ba22c7d79fd9bb62f6fdc07...http/1.1
/assets/TheSansUHHBold-7bc7a19f2f859b122f413c47ab20a3459e...http/1.1
/assets/TheSansUHHBoldCaps-e693e29862e9a63c8fcda727651460...http/1.1
/assets/TheSansUHHRegular-d12c570fcf82daa59706e8bc063b089...http/1.1
/assets/TheSansUHHRegularCaps-2b6f7440c42c3e72ad537b81477...http/1.1
/assets/TheSansUHHRegularItalic-d6fab6cd19bfdef91af497a14...http/1.1
/assets/uhh-logo-16dab7756eecc70a7649a242498868c6bb37872e...http/1.1
/assets/placeholder-5c5fc8f0915b6ab9ac0e253dfdb9636831107...http/1.1
/assets/Gebaerdensprache-2277df00776f836f68b0d845a8826d84...http/1.1
/assets/LeichteSprache-fcaa2f75603dcdd10d4c642230761008c8...http/1.1
/assets/Lupe_grau-bcacdd8e5a663497675d976c63aa1b5559fbf0a...http/1.1
/assets/pfeil-blaugross-5cdf9bac39c4d1f0a6c30dab4fc4c7b6a...http/1.1
/assets/audit_fgh_rz_2010_DE_81x81-f17706edad4030b8644f46...http/1.1
/assets/Siegel_Re-Audit_de_81x81px-4bc5f9ebeacece71bb530f...http/1.1
/assets/DIVERSITY_AUDIT_FOOTER_81x81-c98e117ae3aa00fc6131...http/1.1
/instance_assets/uni/25056074/uhh-960x497-17c6f25e78b996e...http/1.1
/instance_assets/uni/25056065/studieren-960x720-0558bd083...http/1.1
/instance_assets/uni/25056128/forschen-960x720-7a6d6f0637...http/1.1
/instance_assets/uni/25056110/arbeiten-960x720-46b81626ac...http/1.1
/assets/rss-527f2b4f55a93cfcbbde299a626a2936140b6a3a01c2d...http/1.1
/instance_assets/uni/27704327/wiwi-bunker-roettger-733x41...http/1.1
/instance_assets/uni/25270495/bot-garten-sonntagsfuehrung...http/1.1
/instance_assets/uni/27704556/vmp-8-uhh-baumann-733x414-4...http/1.1
/instance_assets/uni/26624961/230228-hauptgebaeude-esfand...http/1.1

Avoid chaining critical requests by reducing the length of chains, reducing the download size of resources, or deferring the download of unnecessary resources to improve page load.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

description: [preconnect](https://developer.chrome.com/docs/lighthouse/performance/uses-rel-preconnect/) hints help the browser establish a connection earlier in the page load, saving time when the first request for that origin is made. The following are the origins that the page preconnected to.
title: Preconnected origins
value: no origins were preconnected
description: Add [preconnect](https://developer.chrome.com/docs/lighthouse/performance/uses-rel-preconnect/) hints to your most important origins, but try to use no more than 4.
title: Preconnect candidates

A long cache lifetime can speed up repeat visits to your page. Learn more about caching.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

These insights are also available in the Chrome DevTools Performance Panel - record a trace to view more detailed information.

Diagnostics

Reduce unused rules from stylesheets and defer CSS not used for above-the-fold content to decrease bytes consumed by network activity. Learn how to reduce unused CSS.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Estimated savings: 80 ms 104.4 KiB

Reduce unused JavaScript and defer loading scripts until they are required to decrease bytes consumed by network activity. Learn how to reduce unused JavaScript.

Why this matters

Multi-megabyte JavaScript bundles delay every interactive feature on the page.

Learn more

This is the Lighthouse audit fired when too much JS is shipped relative to what executes. The fix isn't a config flag — it requires bundle analysis (webpack-bundle-analyzer, rollup-plugin-visualizer), splitting routes into chunks, lazy-loading off-screen components, and removing unused dependencies. Fundamentally different from minification: minifying reduces byte count, this reduces what's downloaded at all.

Source: Google web.dev / Lighthouse

Estimated savings: 160 ms 139.7 KiB
URLTransfer SizeEst Savings
/assets/2-a25a64b8ef71e4d939753923135383c905c3d9038fbbae1...199.4 KiB139.7 KiB

More information about the performance of your application. These numbers don't directly affect the Performance score.

Redirects introduce additional delays before the page can be loaded. Learn how to avoid page redirects.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Estimated savings: 202 ms
URLTime Spent
uni-hamburg.de/202 ms
www.uni-hamburg.de/0.0 ms
Time to Interactive 1.9 s
Layout shift culprits
Optimize DOM size
Font display
LCP breakdown
Render blocking requests
Optimize viewport for mobile
Max Potential First Input Delay 50 ms
Minify CSS
Minify JavaScript
JavaScript execution time 0.1 s
Minimizes main-thread work 0.4 s
Avoid long main-thread tasks 1 long task found
Image elements have explicit `width` and `height`
Page didn't prevent back/forward cache restoration
Network Requests
Network Round Trip Times 40 ms
Server Backend Latencies 70 ms
Tasks
Diagnostics
Metrics
Screenshot Thumbnails
Final Screenshot
Script Treemap Data
Resources Summary
Initial server response time was short Root document took 220 ms
Avoid large layout shifts 2 layout shifts found
INP breakdown
User Timing marks and measures
Avoid non-composited animations
100

Accessibility

These checks highlight opportunities to improve the accessibility of your web app. Automatic detection can only detect a subset of issues and does not guarantee the accessibility of your web app, so manual testing is also encouraged.

Visible text labels that do not match the accessible name can result in a confusing experience for screen reader users. Learn more about accessible names.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Failing Elements
Language nav.rechts > ul > li.sprache > a#sprachauswahlschalter
Interactive controls are keyboard focusable
Interactive elements indicate their purpose and state
The page has a logical tab order
Visual order on the page follows DOM order
User focus is not accidentally trapped in a region
The user's focus is directed to new content added to the page
HTML5 landmark elements are used to improve navigation
Offscreen content is hidden from assistive technology
Custom controls have associated labels
Custom controls have ARIA roles
`[aria-*]` attributes match their roles
`[aria-hidden="true"]` is not present on the document `<body>`
`[role]`s have all required `[aria-*]` attributes
`[role]`s are contained by their required parent element
`[role]` values are valid
`[aria-*]` attributes have valid values
`[aria-*]` attributes are valid and not misspelled
Buttons have an accessible name
Image elements have `[alt]` attributes
Input buttons have discernible text.
Form elements have associated labels
`[user-scalable="no"]` is not used in the `<meta name="viewport">` element and the `[maximum-scale]` attribute is not less than 5.
ARIA attributes are used as specified for the element's role
`[aria-hidden="true"]` elements do not contain focusable descendents
Elements use only permitted ARIA attributes
Background and foreground colors have a sufficient contrast ratio
Document has a `<title>` element
`<html>` element has a `[lang]` attribute
`<html>` element has a valid value for its `[lang]` attribute
Links have a discernible name
Lists contain only `<li>` elements and script supporting elements (`<script>` and `<template>`).
List items (`<li>`) are contained within `<ul>`, `<ol>` or `<menu>` parent elements
No element has a `[tabindex]` value greater than 0
Touch targets have sufficient size and spacing.
`[lang]` attributes have a valid value
Heading elements appear in a sequentially-descending order
Skip links are focusable.
Document has a main landmark.
Deprecated ARIA roles were not used
`<video>` elements contain a `<track>` element with `[kind="captions"]`
Identical links have the same purpose.
`[accesskey]` values are unique
`button`, `link`, and `menuitem` elements have accessible names
Elements with `role="dialog"` or `role="alertdialog"` have accessible names.
ARIA input fields have accessible names
ARIA `meter` elements have accessible names
ARIA `progressbar` elements have accessible names
Elements with an ARIA `[role]` that require children to contain a specific `[role]` have all required children.
Elements with the `role=text` attribute do not have focusable descendents.
ARIA toggle fields have accessible names
ARIA `tooltip` elements have accessible names
ARIA `treeitem` elements have accessible names
The page contains a heading, skip link, or landmark region
`<dl>`'s contain only properly-ordered `<dt>` and `<dd>` groups, `<script>`, `<template>` or `<div>` elements.
Definition list items are wrapped in `<dl>` elements
ARIA IDs are unique
No form fields have multiple labels
`<frame>` or `<iframe>` elements have a title
`<html>` element has an `[xml:lang]` attribute with the same base language as the `[lang]` attribute.
`<input type="image">` elements have `[alt]` text
Links are distinguishable without relying on color.
The document does not use `<meta http-equiv="refresh">`
`<object>` elements have alternate text
Select elements have associated label elements.
Cells in a `<table>` element that use the `[headers]` attribute refer to table cells within the same table.
`<th>` elements and elements with `[role="columnheader"/"rowheader"]` have data cells they describe.
Tables have different content in the summary attribute and `<caption>`.
All heading elements contain content.
Uses ARIA roles only on compatible elements
Image elements do not have `[alt]` attributes that are redundant text.
Tables use `<caption>` instead of cells with the `[colspan]` attribute to indicate a caption.
`<td>` elements in a large `<table>` have one or more table headers.
100

Best Practices

General

Source maps translate minified code to the original source code. This helps developers debug in production. In addition, Lighthouse is able to provide further insights. Consider deploying source maps to take advantage of these benefits. Learn more about source maps.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Uses HTTPS
Avoids deprecated APIs
Avoids third-party cookies
Allows users to paste into input fields
Avoids requesting the geolocation permission on page load
Avoids requesting the notification permission on page load
Displays images with correct aspect ratio
Serves images with appropriate resolution
Page has the HTML doctype
Properly defines charset
No browser errors logged to the console
No issues in the `Issues` panel in Chrome Devtools
Ensure CSP is effective against XSS attacks
Use a strong HSTS policy
Ensure proper origin isolation with COOP
Mitigate DOM-based XSS with Trusted Types
Detected JavaScript libraries
Redirects HTTP traffic to HTTPS
Mitigate clickjacking with XFO or CSP
92

SEO

These checks ensure that your page is following basic search engine optimization advice. There are many additional factors Lighthouse does not score here that may affect your search ranking, including performance on Core Web Vitals. Learn more about Google Search Essentials.

Crawling and Indexing

Search engines may use `href` attributes on links to crawl websites. Ensure that the `href` attribute of anchor elements links to an appropriate destination, so more pages of the site can be discovered. Learn how to make links crawlable

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Uncrawlable Link
STUDIUM nav#nav > ul > li > a
FORSCHUNG nav#nav > ul > li > a
INTERNATIONALES nav#nav > ul > li > a
TRANSFER nav#nav > ul > li > a
UNIVERSITÄT nav#nav > ul > li > a

To appear in search results, crawlers need access to your app.

Structured data is valid
Page isn’t blocked from indexing
Document has a `<title>` element
Document has a meta description
Page has successful HTTP status code
Links have descriptive text
robots.txt is valid
Image elements have `[alt]` attributes
Document has a valid `hreflang`
Document has a valid `rel=canonical`

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