C — https://reading.ac.uk | BeaverCheck Audit

Site Health

Score: 71 / 100

Based on 8 categories, 0 sections

Room to improve — your 20.1s load time is above Google's 2.5s 'Good' threshold.

Several missing protections leave your users and data exposed.

Several issues make your site difficult for assistive technology users.

Well-optimized for search — your content is discoverable.

Solid infrastructure — fast server responses across the board.

Mostly compliant — a few items need attention.

Missing metadata means poor previews on social media and search.

Heavier than average — reducing page weight saves energy and bandwidth.

How is this calculated?

The overall score is a weighted average of individual category scores. Categories with more impact on user experience and security carry more weight.

Performance 25%Security 25%Accessibility 15%SEO 10%Infrastructure 10%Compliance 8%Content 5%Sustainability 2%

Weights reflect general web best practices. Individual needs may differ.

How the composite score is calculated

How you compare

Apple · 1113 peers

You 71

Avg 73

At average

0 50 100

Better than 22% of Apple sites See full Apple benchmark →

Goober · 124 peers

You 71

Avg 72

At average

0 50 100

Better than 21% of Goober sites See full Goober benchmark →

Top Priorities (5)

Content-Security-Policy header is missing

Security gaps expose your site and users to attacks, eroding trust.

Security › Security Headers

No Content-Security-Policy header found

Security gaps expose your site and users to attacks, eroding trust.

Security › Content Security Policy

2 control(s) without accessible label

Accessibility issues exclude users with disabilities — up to 15% of your potential audience.

Accessibility › Form Accessibility

4 link(s) with no accessible text

Accessibility issues exclude users with disabilities — up to 15% of your potential audience.

Accessibility › Link & Button Quality

No <main> landmark found

Accessibility issues exclude users with disabilities — up to 15% of your potential audience.

Accessibility › Landmark Structure

View fix priority matrix

Fix Priority Matrix

5 findings

Impact

Quick Wins

High impact, low effort — start here.

Strategic

High impact, requires investment.

Easy Improvements

Small gains, minimal effort.

Nothing in this quadrant — good news.

Deprioritize

Low impact, high effort — do last.

Nothing in this quadrant — good news.

← Low effort High effort →

Embed this badge

Markdown

[![BeaverCheck](https://beavercheck.com/badge?url=https%3A%2F%2Freading.ac.uk)](https://beavercheck.com/results/73bdb68f-4e6f-46f3-916d-7c38e2f80468)

HTML

<a href="https://beavercheck.com/results/73bdb68f-4e6f-46f3-916d-7c38e2f80468"><img src="https://beavercheck.com/badge?url=https%3A%2F%2Freading.ac.uk" alt="BeaverCheck Score"></a>

Image URL

https://beavercheck.com/badge?url=https%3A%2F%2Freading.ac.uk

This badge auto-updates with your latest scan result.

What fixing these means

Your site performs reasonably well, but a few targeted fixes could meaningfully improve results. Addressing the critical issues below would have the most immediate impact on your user trust.

2 security gaps detected — browsers may warn visitors about your site.

3 accessibility issues exclude users who rely on assistive technology.

Conversion Barriers

1 critical 7 warning

8 barrier(s) likely increasing bounce by ~29%.

Speed (2)

Page takes 20.1s to load

+12% bounce

Users abandon at ~3s — you're 17.6s over the 2.5s threshold

Fix: Optimize render-blocking resources, preload the hero image, and compress images

High main-thread blocking time

+2% bounce

Page is non-interactive for 455ms after first paint

Fix: Defer third-party scripts and split large bundles

Trust (2)

No HSTS header

+1% bounce

Returning visitors are briefly exposed to downgrade attacks on first request

Fix: Set Strict-Transport-Security: max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains

No Content-Security-Policy header

+1% bounce

Higher XSS blast radius — one compromised script can exfiltrate the checkout form

Fix: Ship a reporting-only CSP first, then enforce once violations are clean

Usability (1)

2 form field(s) without a label

+4% bounce

Screen readers skip unlabeled fields; autofill can't identify them; checkout abandonment spikes

Fix: Associate every input with a visible <label for="…">; add autocomplete attributes

Content (2)

No Open Graph tags

+2% bounce

Links shared on LinkedIn / Slack / Facebook show bare URLs — referral clicks drop

Fix: Add og:title, og:description, og:image, og:url to the page head

No structured data

+2% bounce

No rich-result eligibility in Google — lower SERP CTR vs competitors with stars and prices

Fix: Add JSON-LD for your page type (Product, Article, FAQPage, LocalBusiness, …)

Navigation (1)

1 broken link(s) on the page

+2% bounce

Clicks land on 404s — trust drops and the session often ends

Fix: Fix or remove the broken destinations surfaced on the Content tab

Preliminary CRO audit — each barrier links to the tab with detailed analysis.

Return on Investment

£413 investment → £0.73/month returns + GBP 18,050,000 risk avoided

Payback period: > 2 years First-year ROI: -98%

Investment

£413

6h · 5 findings

Monthly returns

£0.73 /mo

~£8.74 / year

Bandwidth savings £0.73

Regulatory risk avoided

GBP 18,050,000

if kept compliant

UK GDPR GBP 17,500,000
PECR GBP 500,000
Equality Act 2010 GBP 50,000

£75 — in quick wins — start here for the fastest payback

Figures combine localized regulatory fine ceilings, search/conversion value priced against local CPC, and bandwidth waste estimates. Results depend on implementation quality and audience composition. Not legal or financial advice.

Full methodology & sources

Estimated Remediation Cost

£413

5.5 developer hours at £75/hr

Based on United Kingdom rates (£75/hr)

Quick wins

£75 2 fixes in ~60 minutes

Start here for the best return on investment

Cost by category

Cost by effort level

Adjust assumptions

Custom rate

£ /hr

Rates reflect fully-loaded developer cost including overhead

How developer rates are sourced

What Inaction Is Costing You

£1,504,167 / month at risk

~£18,050,009 / year if left unfixed

Compliance Risk

£18,050,000

UK GDPRPECREquality Act 2010

No privacy policy link detected
UK GDPR: GBP 10,000 – GBP 17,500,000
Trackers detected but no cookie policy found
UK GDPR: GBP 10,000 – GBP 17,500,000
Trackers detected but no cookie policy found
PECR: GBP 1,000 – GBP 500,000

+5 more

Bandwidth Waste

£0.73 /mo

11567.7 MB/mo × 0.063 GBP/GB

Optimize transfer: save ~1.2 MB per page load
Saves £0.73/mo

Compliance figures represent the statutory maximum fine for the most severe triggered category, capped per regulation — not the sum of per-finding penalties. Based on published regulatory fine ranges. This is not legal advice.

Compliance methodology · SEO assumptions · Bandwidth model

Your performance is already good — improvements may show diminishing returns

Monthly visitors

Unique monthly visitors from your analytics

Conversion rate (%)

Purchases, signups, or key actions

Avg. order value

Optional — for revenue estimation

additional conversions/month

more engaged visitors from reduced bounce

potential monthly revenue

Current bounce (est.)

After fixes (est.)

Estimated bounce reduction

Fix 5 critical issues to capture this value

How this is calculated

Based on Google/Deloitte research ("Milliseconds Make Millions") showing a ~7% bounce rate increase per additional second of LCP above the 2.5s "Good" threshold.

Your site's LCP: → estimated after fixes.

These are estimates based on industry research — actual results vary

Bounce-rate model & assumptions

Your data stays in your browser — nothing is sent to our servers

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Lighthouse Scores

Industry-standard audits powered by Google Lighthouse.

Performance

Accessibility

Best Practices

SEO

Core Web Vitals

Key metrics that affect user experience.

First Contentful Paint First Contentful Paint — how long until the browser renders the first piece of content. Under 1.8s is good.

6.95 s

Largest Contentful Paint Largest Contentful Paint — how long until the largest visible element loads. Under 2.5s is good.

20.12 s

Total Blocking Time Total Blocking Time — total time the main thread was blocked, preventing user input. Under 200ms is good.

455 ms

Cumulative Layout Shift Cumulative Layout Shift — measures visual stability. How much the page layout shifts during loading. Under 0.1 is good.

0.000

Speed Index Speed Index — how quickly content is visually displayed during load. Under 3.4s is good.

8.35 s

Time to Interactive Time to Interactive — how long until the page is fully interactive and responds to user input. Under 3.8s is good.

20.64 s

Detailed Report

Audit breakdown by category with detailed findings.

Performance

Insights

Remove large, duplicate JavaScript modules from bundles to reduce unnecessary bytes consumed by network activity.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Polyfills and transforms enable older browsers to use new JavaScript features. However, many aren't necessary for modern browsers. Consider modifying your JavaScript build process to not transpile Baseline features, unless you know you must support older browsers. Learn why most sites can deploy ES6+ code without transpiling

Why this matters

Shipping ES5 transpiled code to modern browsers wastes bytes — every user with an evergreen browser pays for compatibility you don't need.

Learn more ▾

Most users today run browsers that natively support ES6+, async/await, optional chaining, and the rest of modern JavaScript. Transpiling to ES5 'just in case' adds 20-40% to your bundle for no benefit. Configure your build to target a modern browserslist, or ship a differential bundle pair (modern + legacy) with the module/nomodule pattern.

Source: Google web.dev / Lighthouse

3rd party code can significantly impact load performance. Reduce and defer loading of 3rd party code to prioritize your page's content.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

A long cache lifetime can speed up repeat visits to your page. Learn more about caching.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Request	Cache TTL	Transfer Size
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/ug-open-days-banner.jpg	0.0 ms	404.4 KiB
/homepage/web/multimediafiles/B35381-Spring-Webinar-Graph...	0.0 ms	233.1 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/assets-css-main.css	0.0 ms	198.7 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/sunrise-from-space.jpg	0.0 ms	197.2 KiB
/homepage/web/multimediafiles/2026-centenary-merchandise-...	0.0 ms	184.8 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/web-library.min.js	0.0 ms	176.7 KiB
/homepage/web/multimediafiles/2026-centenary-merchandise-...	0.0 ms	170.2 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/centenary-homepage-banner.jpg	0.0 ms	126.1 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/assets-img-icons-s35e128c89f.png	0.0 ms	99.7 KiB
app.termly.io/resource-blocker/b846a047-fc56-4159-aaf3-7bdc36e97907	14400.0 s	143.4 KiB
/homepage/web/multimediafiles/assets-new-images-landing_f...	0.0 ms	92.9 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/connectedworld296x150.jpg	0.0 ms	92.1 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/js-jquery-2.1.1.js	0.0 ms	82.7 KiB
/homepage/web/multimediafiles/assets-home-Great-course-se...	0.0 ms	75.6 KiB
/homepage/web/multimediafiles/assets-home-Explore-student...	0.0 ms	53.7 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/css-main.css	0.0 ms	53.1 KiB
/homepage/web/multimediafiles/assets-home-Get-a-Room1-296...	0.0 ms	48.3 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/teaching-and-learning-296x150.jpg	0.0 ms	42.8 KiB
/homepage/web/multimediafiles/assets-home-latest-news-296...	0.0 ms	40.4 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/business-296x150px.jpg	0.0 ms	40.2 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/campaigns/effra-regular.woff	0.0 ms	30.3 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/campaigns/effra-bold.woff	0.0 ms	29.6 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/campaigns/effra-light.woff	0.0 ms	29.6 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/campaigns/effra-heavy.woff	0.0 ms	28.9 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/campaigns/effra-medium.woff	0.0 ms	28.8 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/campaigns/rdgvesta-regular.woff	0.0 ms	28.7 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/unibuddy256x150.jpg	0.0 ms	26.2 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/web-components.min.js	0.0 ms	18.3 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/css-hero-slider-style-2.css	0.0 ms	18.0 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/assets-home-uorm-1-296x150.jpg	0.0 ms	16.1 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/js-modernizr.custom.04512.js	0.0 ms	15.6 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/february-assets-css-main.css	0.0 ms	12.7 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/legacy-uor-home-mobile.png	0.0 ms	6.1 KiB
app.termly.io/resource-blocker/support/894-6156b36a131577c56e7e.min.js	14400.0 s	8.4 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/sc93/js/uor.module.cookie-blocker.js	0.0 ms	5.4 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/legacy-uor-home.png	0.0 ms	5.4 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/js-slider2.js	0.0 ms	4.7 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/weibo.png	0.0 ms	4.1 KiB
/homepage/web/multimediafiles/assets-new-ig-investments-w...	0.0 ms	4.0 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/assets-new-ig-book-white.gif	0.0 ms	3.8 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/clearing-2025.css	0.0 ms	2.0 KiB
app.termly.io/resource-blocker/support/524-7d36cb122791702e3df2.min.js	14400.0 s	2.7 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/assets-new-ig-chart-94-white.gif	0.0 ms	1.7 KiB
app.termly.io/resource-blocker/support/861-8c5cb8c2beda05e3176b.min.js	14400.0 s	2.3 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/legacy-hamburger.png	0.0 ms	1.5 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/magnifying-glass.svg	0.0 ms	1.1 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/js-main.min.js	0.0 ms	962 B
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/legacy-print.css	0.0 ms	938 B
app.termly.io/resource-blocker/support/377-e518d8a5c599aa1c5977.min.js	14400.0 s	873 B

Your first network request is the most important. Reduce its latency by avoiding redirects, ensuring a fast server response, and enabling text compression.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Consider setting font-display to swap or optional to ensure text is consistently visible. swap can be further optimized to mitigate layout shifts with font metric overrides.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

URL	Est Savings
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/campaigns/effra-bold.woff	35 ms
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/campaigns/effra-regular.woff	35 ms
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/campaigns/rdgvesta-regular.woff	35 ms
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/campaigns/effra-light.woff	30 ms
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/campaigns/effra-heavy.woff	30 ms
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/campaigns/effra-medium.woff	30 ms

A forced reflow occurs when JavaScript queries geometric properties (such as offsetWidth) after styles have been invalidated by a change to the DOM state. This can result in poor performance. Learn more about forced reflows and possible mitigations.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

headings: [map[key:source label:Top function call valueType:source-location] map[granularity:1 key:reflowTime label:Total reflow time valueType:ms]]

items: [map[reflowTime:37.409 source:map[column:9731 line:1 type:source-location url:https://www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/web-library.min.js urlProvider:network]]]

headings: [map[key:source label:Source valueType:source-location] map[granularity:1 key:reflowTime label:Total reflow time valueType:ms]]

items: [map[reflowTime:26.104 source:map[column:21566 line:0 type:source-location url:https://www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/web-library.min.js urlProvider:network]] map[reflowTime:0.267 source:map[column:21663 line:0 type:source-location url:https://www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/web-library.min.js urlProvider:network]] map[reflowTime:0.141 source:map[column:21893 line:0 type:source-location url:https://www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/web-library.min.js urlProvider:network]] map[reflowTime:0.106 source:map[column:22316 line:0 type:source-location url:https://www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/web-library.min.js urlProvider:network]] map[reflowTime:0.182 source:map[column:22475 line:0 type:source-location url:https://www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/web-library.min.js urlProvider:network]] map[reflowTime:0.142 source:map[column:22620 line:0 type:source-location url:https://www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/web-library.min.js urlProvider:network]] map[reflowTime:2.489 source:map[column:11016 line:2 type:source-location url:https://www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/web-library.min.js urlProvider:network]] map[reflowTime:3.038 source:map[column:3408 line:0 type:source-location url:https://www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/web-library.min.js urlProvider:network]] map[reflowTime:1.678 source:map[column:12109 line:2 type:source-location url:https://www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/web-library.min.js urlProvider:network]] map[reflowTime:2.006 source:map[column:10339 line:2 type:source-location url:https://www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/web-library.min.js urlProvider:network]] map[reflowTime:1.256 source:map[column:13537 line:6 type:source-location url:https://www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/web-library.min.js urlProvider:network]]]

Reducing the download time of images can improve the perceived load time of the page and LCP. Learn more about optimizing image size

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

	URL	Resource Size	Est Savings
ul.cd-hero-slider > li.selected > div.cd-img-container > img.mobile `ul.cd-hero-slider > li.selected > div.cd-img-container > img.mobile`	www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/centenary-homepage-banner.jpg	125.7 KiB	115.4 KiB
div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img `div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img`	www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/connectedworld296x150.jpg	91.7 KiB	84.5 KiB
div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img `div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img`	/homepage/web/multimediafiles/assets-home-Great-course-se...	75.2 KiB	68.0 KiB
div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img `div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img`	/homepage/web/multimediafiles/assets-home-Explore-student...	53.3 KiB	46.1 KiB
div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img `div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img`	/homepage/web/multimediafiles/assets-home-Get-a-Room1-296...	47.9 KiB	40.6 KiB
div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img `div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img`	www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/teaching-and-learning-296x150.jpg	42.4 KiB	35.2 KiB
div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img `div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img`	/homepage/web/multimediafiles/assets-home-latest-news-296...	40.0 KiB	32.8 KiB
div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img `div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img`	www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/business-296x150px.jpg	39.8 KiB	32.5 KiB
div.cta-content > a.icon-map > i.cta-icon > ::before `div.cta-content > a.icon-map > i.cta-icon > ::before`	www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/assets-img-icons-s35e128c89f.png	99.3 KiB	20.2 KiB
div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img `div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img`	www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/unibuddy256x150.jpg	25.8 KiB	18.6 KiB
div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img `div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img`	www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/assets-home-uorm-1-296x150.jpg	15.7 KiB	8.4 KiB
University of Reading `div.mega-btn > div.mobile-home > a > img`	www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/legacy-uor-home-mobile.png	5.7 KiB	5.3 KiB

Optimize LCP by making the LCP image discoverable from the HTML immediately, and avoiding lazy-loading

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

lhId: page-0-IMG

nodeLabel: ul.cd-hero-slider > li.selected > div.cd-img-container > img.mobile

path: 6,HTML,2,BODY,10,DIV,0,DIV,4,DIV,0,DIV,0,SECTION,0,UL,8,LI,0,DIV,1,IMG

selector: ul.cd-hero-slider > li.selected > div.cd-img-container > img.mobile

snippet: <img class="mobile" src="..\homepage\web\multimediafiles\centenary-homepage-banner.jpg" alt="">

HTTP/2 and HTTP/3 offer many benefits over HTTP/1.1, such as multiplexing. Learn more about using modern HTTP.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

URL	Protocol
www.reading.ac.uk/	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/sc93/js/uor.module.cookie-blocker.js	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/assets-css-main.css	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/february-assets-css-main.css	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/css-main.css	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/css-hero-slider-style-2.css	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/clearing-2025.css	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/js-modernizr.custom.04512.js	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/legacy-hamburger.png	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/legacy-uor-home-mobile.png	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/legacy-uor-home.png	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/centenary-homepage-banner.jpg	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/ug-open-days-banner.jpg	http/1.1
/homepage/web/multimediafiles/B35381-Spring-Webinar-Graph...	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/sunrise-from-space.jpg	http/1.1
/homepage/web/multimediafiles/2026-centenary-merchandise-...	http/1.1
/homepage/web/multimediafiles/2026-centenary-merchandise-...	http/1.1
/homepage/web/multimediafiles/assets-home-Great-course-se...	http/1.1
/homepage/web/multimediafiles/assets-home-Explore-student...	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/unibuddy256x150.jpg	http/1.1
/homepage/web/multimediafiles/assets-home-latest-news-296...	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/teaching-and-learning-296x150.jpg	http/1.1
/homepage/web/multimediafiles/assets-home-Get-a-Room1-296...	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/connectedworld296x150.jpg	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/business-296x150px.jpg	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/assets-home-uorm-1-296x150.jpg	http/1.1
/homepage/web/multimediafiles/assets-new-images-landing_f...	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/weibo.png	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/js-jquery-2.1.1.js	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/js-main.min.js	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/js-slider2.js	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/web-library.min.js	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/web-components.min.js	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/legacy-print.css	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/campaigns/effra-light.woff	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/assets-img-icons-s35e128c89f.png	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/magnifying-glass.svg	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/assets-new-ig-chart-94-white.gif	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/assets-new-ig-book-white.gif	http/1.1
/homepage/web/multimediafiles/assets-new-ig-investments-w...	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/campaigns/effra-heavy.woff	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/campaigns/effra-medium.woff	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/campaigns/effra-bold.woff	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/campaigns/effra-regular.woff	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/campaigns/rdgvesta-regular.woff	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/search/404.htm	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/legacy-favicon.ico	http/1.1

Avoid chaining critical requests by reducing the length of chains, reducing the download size of resources, or deferring the download of unnecessary resources to improve page load.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

description: [preconnect](https://developer.chrome.com/docs/lighthouse/performance/uses-rel-preconnect/) hints help the browser establish a connection earlier in the page load, saving time when the first request for that origin is made. The following are the origins that the page preconnected to.

title: Preconnected origins

description: Add [preconnect](https://developer.chrome.com/docs/lighthouse/performance/uses-rel-preconnect/) hints to your most important origins, but try to use no more than 4.

title: Preconnect candidates

value: No additional origins are good candidates for preconnecting

Requests are blocking the page's initial render, which may delay LCP. Deferring or inlining can move these network requests out of the critical path.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

URL	Transfer Size	Duration
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/assets-css-main.css	198.7 KiB	2.9 s
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/css-main.css	53.1 KiB	1.7 s
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/js-modernizr.custom.04512.js	15.6 KiB	928 ms
www.reading.ac.uk/sc93/js/uor.module.cookie-blocker.js	5.4 KiB	621 ms
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/february-assets-css-main.css	12.7 KiB	774 ms
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/css-hero-slider-style-2.css	18.0 KiB	1.1 s
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/clearing-2025.css	2.0 KiB	467 ms

These insights are also available in the Chrome DevTools Performance Panel - record a trace to view more detailed information.

Redirects introduce additional delays before the page can be loaded. Learn how to avoid page redirects.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Estimated savings: 1.4 s

URL	Time Spent
reading.ac.uk/	768 ms
www.reading.ac.uk/	630 ms
www.reading.ac.uk/	0.0 ms

Time to Interactive is the amount of time it takes for the page to become fully interactive. Learn more about the Time to Interactive metric.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

TTI

The maximum potential First Input Delay that your users could experience is the duration of the longest task. Learn more about the Maximum Potential First Input Delay metric.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Diagnostics

Minifying CSS files can reduce network payload sizes. Learn how to minify CSS.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Estimated savings: 170 ms 36.3 KiB

URL	Transfer Size	Est Savings
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/assets-css-main.css	198.7 KiB	14.6 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/css-main.css	53.1 KiB	12.6 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/css-hero-slider-style-2.css	18.0 KiB	6.3 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/february-assets-css-main.css	12.7 KiB	2.8 KiB

Reduce unused rules from stylesheets and defer CSS not used for above-the-fold content to decrease bytes consumed by network activity. Learn how to reduce unused CSS.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Estimated savings: 900 ms 227.8 KiB

URL	Transfer Size	Est Savings
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/assets-css-main.css	198.3 KiB	167.7 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/css-main.css	52.7 KiB	36.6 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/css-hero-slider-style-2.css	17.6 KiB	12.5 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/february-assets-css-main.css	12.3 KiB	11.1 KiB

Reduce unused JavaScript and defer loading scripts until they are required to decrease bytes consumed by network activity. Learn how to reduce unused JavaScript.

Why this matters

Multi-megabyte JavaScript bundles delay every interactive feature on the page.

Learn more ▾

This is the Lighthouse audit fired when too much JS is shipped relative to what executes. The fix isn't a config flag — it requires bundle analysis (webpack-bundle-analyzer, rollup-plugin-visualizer), splitting routes into chunks, lazy-loading off-screen components, and removing unused dependencies. Fundamentally different from minification: minifying reduces byte count, this reduces what's downloaded at all.

Source: Google web.dev / Lighthouse

Estimated savings: 2.9 s 621.1 KiB

URL	Transfer Size	Est Savings
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/web-library.min.js	176.3 KiB	102.3 KiB
www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=AW-11016496176&cx=c&gtm=4e64k0	143.5 KiB	87.4 KiB
www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=DC-13730620&cx=c&gtm=4e64k0	131.7 KiB	80.8 KiB
www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=DC-13024755&cx=c&gtm=4e64k0	129.2 KiB	80.5 KiB
www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=DC-8556031&cx=c&gtm=4e64k0	129.2 KiB	80.5 KiB
www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=GTM-TC325M	192.1 KiB	79.5 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/js-jquery-2.1.1.js	82.3 KiB	55.7 KiB
app.termly.io/resource-blocker/b846a047-fc56-4159-aaf3-7bdc36e97907	143.2 KiB	54.4 KiB

Consider reducing the time spent parsing, compiling and executing JS. You may find delivering smaller JS payloads helps with this. Learn how to minimize main-thread work

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Category	Time Spent
Script Evaluation	1.1 s
Other	386 ms
Style & Layout	303 ms
Script Parsing & Compilation	271 ms
Parse HTML & CSS	48 ms
Rendering	31 ms
Garbage Collection	26 ms

Minifying JavaScript files can reduce payload sizes and script parse time. Learn how to minify JavaScript.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Estimated savings: 0.0 ms 2.3 KiB

URL	Transfer Size	Est Savings
www.reading.ac.uk/sc93/js/uor.module.cookie-blocker.js	4.6 KiB	2.3 KiB

Large network payloads cost users real money and are highly correlated with long load times. Learn how to reduce payload sizes.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

URL	Transfer Size
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/ug-open-days-banner.jpg	404.4 KiB
/homepage/web/multimediafiles/B35381-Spring-Webinar-Graph...	233.1 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/assets-css-main.css	198.7 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/sunrise-from-space.jpg	197.2 KiB
www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=GTM-TC325M	192.5 KiB
/homepage/web/multimediafiles/2026-centenary-merchandise-...	184.8 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/web-library.min.js	176.7 KiB
/homepage/web/multimediafiles/2026-centenary-merchandise-...	170.2 KiB
www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=AW-11016496176&cx=c&gtm=4e64k0	143.5 KiB
app.termly.io/resource-blocker/b846a047-fc56-4159-aaf3-7bdc36e97907	143.4 KiB

Set an explicit width and height on image elements to reduce layout shifts and improve CLS. Learn how to set image dimensions

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

	URL
div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img `div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img`	/homepage/web/multimediafiles/assets-home-Great-course-se...
div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img `div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img`	/homepage/web/multimediafiles/assets-home-Explore-student...
div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img `div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img`	www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/unibuddy256x150.jpg
div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img `div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img`	/homepage/web/multimediafiles/assets-home-latest-news-296...
div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img `div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img`	www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/teaching-and-learning-296x150.jpg
div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img `div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img`	/homepage/web/multimediafiles/assets-home-Get-a-Room1-296...
div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img `div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img`	www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/connectedworld296x150.jpg
div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img `div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img`	www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/business-296x150px.jpg
div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img `div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img`	www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/assets-home-uorm-1-296x150.jpg
weibo icon `div.pane > div.component > a.icon > img`	www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/weibo.png

More information about the performance of your application. These numbers don't directly affect the Performance score.

●Layout shift culprits

●Optimize DOM size

●LCP breakdown

●Optimize viewport for mobile

●JavaScript execution time 1.3 s

●Avoid long main-thread tasks 12 long tasks found

●Page didn't prevent back/forward cache restoration

●Network Requests

●Network Round Trip Times 30 ms

●Server Backend Latencies 90 ms

●Tasks

●Diagnostics

●Metrics

●Screenshot Thumbnails

●Final Screenshot

●Script Treemap Data

●Resources Summary

●Initial server response time was short Root document took 60 ms

○INP breakdown

○User Timing marks and measures

○Avoid non-composited animations

○Avoid large layout shifts

Accessibility

These checks highlight opportunities to improve the accessibility of your web app. Automatic detection can only detect a subset of issues and does not guarantee the accessibility of your web app, so manual testing is also encouraged.

ARIA

ARIA dialog elements without accessible names may prevent screen readers users from discerning the purpose of these elements. Learn how to make ARIA dialog elements more accessible.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Failing Elements
We use essential cookies to make our site work. With your consent, we may also … `div#termly-code-snippet-support > div > div.termly-styles-root-f9c495 > div.termly-styles-consent-banner-fa199d`

These are opportunities to improve the usage of ARIA in your application which may enhance the experience for users of assistive technology, like a screen reader.

Contrast

Low-contrast text is difficult or impossible for many users to read. Learn how to provide sufficient color contrast.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Failing Elements
#1 `nav > ul > li > a`
#2 `nav > ul > li > a`
#3 `nav > ul > li > a`
#4 `nav > ul > li > a`
BACK TO TOP `div.wrapper > div.wrapper-footer > div.mobile-back-to-top > a`

These are opportunities to improve the legibility of your content.

○Interactive controls are keyboard focusable

○Interactive elements indicate their purpose and state

○The page has a logical tab order

○Visual order on the page follows DOM order

○User focus is not accidentally trapped in a region

○The user's focus is directed to new content added to the page

○HTML5 landmark elements are used to improve navigation

○Offscreen content is hidden from assistive technology

○Custom controls have associated labels

○Custom controls have ARIA roles

●`[aria-*]` attributes match their roles

●`[aria-hidden="true"]` is not present on the document `<body>`

●`[role]`s have all required `[aria-*]` attributes

●`[role]` values are valid

●`[aria-*]` attributes have valid values

●`[aria-*]` attributes are valid and not misspelled

●Buttons have an accessible name

●Image elements have `[alt]` attributes

●`[user-scalable="no"]` is not used in the `<meta name="viewport">` element and the `[maximum-scale]` attribute is not less than 5.

●`button`, `link`, and `menuitem` elements have accessible names

●ARIA attributes are used as specified for the element's role

●Elements use only permitted ARIA attributes

●Document has a `<title>` element

●`<html>` element has a `[lang]` attribute

●`<html>` element has a valid value for its `[lang]` attribute

●Links have a discernible name

●Lists contain only `<li>` elements and script supporting elements (`<script>` and `<template>`).

●List items (`<li>`) are contained within `<ul>`, `<ol>` or `<menu>` parent elements

●No element has a `[tabindex]` value greater than 0

●Touch targets have sufficient size and spacing.

●Heading elements appear in a sequentially-descending order

●Skip links are focusable.

●Document has a main landmark.

●Deprecated ARIA roles were not used

○`[accesskey]` values are unique

○`[aria-hidden="true"]` elements do not contain focusable descendents

○ARIA input fields have accessible names

○ARIA `meter` elements have accessible names

○ARIA `progressbar` elements have accessible names

○Elements with an ARIA `[role]` that require children to contain a specific `[role]` have all required children.

○`[role]`s are contained by their required parent element

○Elements with the `role=text` attribute do not have focusable descendents.

○ARIA toggle fields have accessible names

○ARIA `tooltip` elements have accessible names

○ARIA `treeitem` elements have accessible names

○The page contains a heading, skip link, or landmark region

○`<dl>`'s contain only properly-ordered `<dt>` and `<dd>` groups, `<script>`, `<template>` or `<div>` elements.

○Definition list items are wrapped in `<dl>` elements

○ARIA IDs are unique

○No form fields have multiple labels

○`<frame>` or `<iframe>` elements have a title

○`<html>` element has an `[xml:lang]` attribute with the same base language as the `[lang]` attribute.

○Input buttons have discernible text.

○`<input type="image">` elements have `[alt]` text

○Form elements have associated labels

○Links are distinguishable without relying on color.

○The document does not use `<meta http-equiv="refresh">`

○`<object>` elements have alternate text

○Select elements have associated label elements.

○Cells in a `<table>` element that use the `[headers]` attribute refer to table cells within the same table.

○`<th>` elements and elements with `[role="columnheader"/"rowheader"]` have data cells they describe.

○`[lang]` attributes have a valid value

○`<video>` elements contain a `<track>` element with `[kind="captions"]`

○Tables have different content in the summary attribute and `<caption>`.

○All heading elements contain content.

○Uses ARIA roles only on compatible elements

○Image elements do not have `[alt]` attributes that are redundant text.

○Identical links have the same purpose.

○Elements with visible text labels have matching accessible names.

○Tables use `<caption>` instead of cells with the `[colspan]` attribute to indicate a caption.

○`<td>` elements in a large `<table>` have one or more table headers.

Best Practices

Trust and Safety

All sites should be protected with HTTPS, even ones that don't handle sensitive data. This includes avoiding mixed content, where some resources are loaded over HTTP despite the initial request being served over HTTPS. HTTPS prevents intruders from tampering with or passively listening in on the communications between your app and your users, and is a prerequisite for HTTP/2 and many new web platform APIs. Learn more about HTTPS.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Insecure URL	Request Resolution
www.reading.ac.uk/	Allowed

User Experience

Image natural dimensions should be proportional to the display size and the pixel ratio to maximize image clarity. Learn how to provide responsive images.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

	URL	Displayed size	Actual size	Expected size
div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img `div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img`	/homepage/web/multimediafiles/assets-home-Great-course-se...	399 x 202	296 x 150	599 x 303

Browser Compatibility

A character encoding declaration is required. It can be done with a `<meta>` tag in the first 1024 bytes of the HTML or in the Content-Type HTTP response header. Learn more about declaring the character encoding.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

General

Errors logged to the console indicate unresolved problems. They can come from network request failures and other browser concerns. Learn more about this errors in console diagnostic audit

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Source	Description
www.reading.ac.uk/search/404.htm	`Failed to load resource: the server responded with a status of 404 (Page not found)`

●Avoids deprecated APIs

●Avoids third-party cookies

●Allows users to paste into input fields

●Avoids requesting the geolocation permission on page load

●Avoids requesting the notification permission on page load

●Displays images with correct aspect ratio

●Page has the HTML doctype

●No issues in the `Issues` panel in Chrome Devtools

●Ensure CSP is effective against XSS attacks

●Use a strong HSTS policy

●Ensure proper origin isolation with COOP

●Mitigate DOM-based XSS with Trusted Types

●Detected JavaScript libraries

●Page has valid source maps

○Redirects HTTP traffic to HTTPS

○Mitigate clickjacking with XFO or CSP

SEO

These checks ensure that your page is following basic search engine optimization advice. There are many additional factors Lighthouse does not score here that may affect your search ranking, including performance on Core Web Vitals. Learn more about Google Search Essentials.

Crawling and Indexing

If your robots.txt file is malformed, crawlers may not be able to understand how you want your website to be crawled or indexed. Learn more about robots.txt.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Line #	Content	Error
18	`Disallow: http://www.rdg.ac.uk/WebStats`	`Pattern should either be empty, start with "/" or "*"`
19	`Disallow: http://www.reading.ac.uk/WebStats`	`Pattern should either be empty, start with "/" or "*"`

To appear in search results, crawlers need access to your app.

○Structured data is valid

●Page isn’t blocked from indexing

●Document has a `<title>` element

●Document has a meta description

●Page has successful HTTP status code

●Links have descriptive text

●Links are crawlable

●Image elements have `[alt]` attributes

●Document has a valid `hreflang`

○Document has a valid `rel=canonical`

Lighthouse Scores

Industry-standard audits powered by Google Lighthouse. — Desktop

Performance

Accessibility

Best Practices

SEO

Core Web Vitals

Key metrics that affect user experience. — Desktop

First Contentful Paint First Contentful Paint — how long until the browser renders the first piece of content. Under 1.8s is good.

1.50 s

Largest Contentful Paint Largest Contentful Paint — how long until the largest visible element loads. Under 2.5s is good.

2.18 s

Total Blocking Time Total Blocking Time — total time the main thread was blocked, preventing user input. Under 200ms is good.

0 ms

Cumulative Layout Shift Cumulative Layout Shift — measures visual stability. How much the page layout shifts during loading. Under 0.1 is good.

0.026

Speed Index Speed Index — how quickly content is visually displayed during load. Under 3.4s is good.

1.50 s

Time to Interactive Time to Interactive — how long until the page is fully interactive and responds to user input. Under 3.8s is good.

2.23 s

Detailed Report

Audit breakdown by category with detailed findings.

Performance

Insights

Remove large, duplicate JavaScript modules from bundles to reduce unnecessary bytes consumed by network activity.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Why this matters

Shipping ES5 transpiled code to modern browsers wastes bytes — every user with an evergreen browser pays for compatibility you don't need.

Learn more ▾

Source: Google web.dev / Lighthouse

3rd party code can significantly impact load performance. Reduce and defer loading of 3rd party code to prioritize your page's content.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

A long cache lifetime can speed up repeat visits to your page. Learn more about caching.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Request	Cache TTL	Transfer Size
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/ug-open-days-banner.jpg	0.0 ms	404.4 KiB
/homepage/web/multimediafiles/B35381-Spring-Webinar-Graph...	0.0 ms	233.1 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/assets-css-main.css	0.0 ms	198.7 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/sunrise-from-space.jpg	0.0 ms	197.2 KiB
/homepage/web/multimediafiles/2026-centenary-merchandise-...	0.0 ms	184.8 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/web-library.min.js	0.0 ms	176.7 KiB
/homepage/web/multimediafiles/2026-centenary-merchandise-...	0.0 ms	170.2 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/centenary-homepage-banner.jpg	0.0 ms	126.1 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/assets-img-icons-s35e128c89f.png	0.0 ms	99.7 KiB
app.termly.io/resource-blocker/b846a047-fc56-4159-aaf3-7bdc36e97907	14400.0 s	143.4 KiB
/homepage/web/multimediafiles/assets-new-images-landing_f...	0.0 ms	92.9 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/connectedworld296x150.jpg	0.0 ms	92.1 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/js-jquery-2.1.1.js	0.0 ms	82.7 KiB
/homepage/web/multimediafiles/assets-home-Great-course-se...	0.0 ms	75.6 KiB
/homepage/web/multimediafiles/assets-home-Explore-student...	0.0 ms	53.7 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/css-main.css	0.0 ms	53.1 KiB
/homepage/web/multimediafiles/assets-home-Get-a-Room1-296...	0.0 ms	48.3 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/teaching-and-learning-296x150.jpg	0.0 ms	42.8 KiB
/homepage/web/multimediafiles/assets-home-latest-news-296...	0.0 ms	40.4 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/business-296x150px.jpg	0.0 ms	40.2 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/campaigns/effra-regular.woff	0.0 ms	30.3 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/campaigns/effra-bold.woff	0.0 ms	29.6 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/campaigns/effra-light.woff	0.0 ms	29.6 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/campaigns/effra-heavy.woff	0.0 ms	28.9 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/campaigns/effra-medium.woff	0.0 ms	28.8 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/campaigns/rdgvesta-regular.woff	0.0 ms	28.7 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/unibuddy256x150.jpg	0.0 ms	26.2 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/web-components.min.js	0.0 ms	18.3 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/css-hero-slider-style-2.css	0.0 ms	18.0 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/assets-home-uorm-1-296x150.jpg	0.0 ms	16.1 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/js-modernizr.custom.04512.js	0.0 ms	15.6 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/february-assets-css-main.css	0.0 ms	12.7 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/legacy-uor-home-mobile.png	0.0 ms	6.1 KiB
app.termly.io/resource-blocker/support/894-6156b36a131577c56e7e.min.js	14400.0 s	8.4 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/sc93/js/uor.module.cookie-blocker.js	0.0 ms	5.4 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/legacy-uor-home.png	0.0 ms	5.4 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/js-slider2.js	0.0 ms	4.7 KiB
/homepage/web/multimediafiles/assets-img-structure-bg-til...	0.0 ms	4.6 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/weibo.png	0.0 ms	4.1 KiB
/homepage/web/multimediafiles/assets-new-ig-investments-w...	0.0 ms	4.0 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/assets-new-ig-book-white.gif	0.0 ms	3.8 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/clearing-2025.css	0.0 ms	2.0 KiB
app.termly.io/resource-blocker/support/524-7d36cb122791702e3df2.min.js	14400.0 s	2.7 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/assets-new-ig-chart-94-white.gif	0.0 ms	1.7 KiB
app.termly.io/resource-blocker/support/861-8c5cb8c2beda05e3176b.min.js	14400.0 s	2.3 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/legacy-hamburger.png	0.0 ms	1.5 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/maginfying-glass-grey.svg	0.0 ms	1.1 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/js-main.min.js	0.0 ms	962 B
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/legacy-print.css	0.0 ms	938 B
app.termly.io/resource-blocker/support/377-e518d8a5c599aa1c5977.min.js	14400.0 s	873 B

Your first network request is the most important. Reduce its latency by avoiding redirects, ensuring a fast server response, and enabling text compression.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Consider setting font-display to swap or optional to ensure text is consistently visible. swap can be further optimized to mitigate layout shifts with font metric overrides.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

URL	Est Savings
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/campaigns/rdgvesta-regular.woff	35 ms
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/campaigns/effra-light.woff	30 ms
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/campaigns/effra-medium.woff	30 ms
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/campaigns/effra-bold.woff	30 ms
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/campaigns/effra-regular.woff	30 ms
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/campaigns/effra-heavy.woff	30 ms

Optimize LCP by making the LCP image discoverable from the HTML immediately, and avoiding lazy-loading

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

lhId: page-0-IMG

nodeLabel: ul.cd-hero-slider > li.selected > div.cd-img-container > img.desktop

path: 6,HTML,2,BODY,10,DIV,0,DIV,4,DIV,0,DIV,0,SECTION,0,UL,8,LI,0,DIV,0,IMG

selector: ul.cd-hero-slider > li.selected > div.cd-img-container > img.desktop

snippet: <img class="desktop" src="..\homepage\web\multimediafiles\centenary-homepage-banner.jpg" alt="">

HTTP/2 and HTTP/3 offer many benefits over HTTP/1.1, such as multiplexing. Learn more about using modern HTTP.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

URL	Protocol
www.reading.ac.uk/	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/sc93/js/uor.module.cookie-blocker.js	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/assets-css-main.css	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/february-assets-css-main.css	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/css-main.css	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/css-hero-slider-style-2.css	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/clearing-2025.css	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/js-modernizr.custom.04512.js	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/legacy-hamburger.png	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/legacy-uor-home-mobile.png	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/legacy-uor-home.png	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/centenary-homepage-banner.jpg	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/ug-open-days-banner.jpg	http/1.1
/homepage/web/multimediafiles/B35381-Spring-Webinar-Graph...	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/sunrise-from-space.jpg	http/1.1
/homepage/web/multimediafiles/2026-centenary-merchandise-...	http/1.1
/homepage/web/multimediafiles/2026-centenary-merchandise-...	http/1.1
/homepage/web/multimediafiles/assets-home-Great-course-se...	http/1.1
/homepage/web/multimediafiles/assets-home-Explore-student...	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/unibuddy256x150.jpg	http/1.1
/homepage/web/multimediafiles/assets-home-latest-news-296...	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/teaching-and-learning-296x150.jpg	http/1.1
/homepage/web/multimediafiles/assets-home-Get-a-Room1-296...	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/connectedworld296x150.jpg	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/business-296x150px.jpg	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/assets-home-uorm-1-296x150.jpg	http/1.1
/homepage/web/multimediafiles/assets-new-images-landing_f...	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/weibo.png	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/js-jquery-2.1.1.js	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/js-main.min.js	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/js-slider2.js	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/web-library.min.js	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/web-components.min.js	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/legacy-print.css	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/campaigns/effra-light.woff	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/assets-img-icons-s35e128c89f.png	http/1.1
/homepage/web/multimediafiles/assets-img-structure-bg-til...	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/maginfying-glass-grey.svg	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/assets-new-ig-chart-94-white.gif	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/assets-new-ig-book-white.gif	http/1.1
/homepage/web/multimediafiles/assets-new-ig-investments-w...	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/campaigns/effra-medium.woff	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/campaigns/effra-bold.woff	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/campaigns/effra-regular.woff	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/campaigns/rdgvesta-regular.woff	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/campaigns/effra-heavy.woff	http/1.1
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/legacy-favicon.ico	http/1.1

Avoid chaining critical requests by reducing the length of chains, reducing the download size of resources, or deferring the download of unnecessary resources to improve page load.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

title: Preconnected origins

description: Add [preconnect](https://developer.chrome.com/docs/lighthouse/performance/uses-rel-preconnect/) hints to your most important origins, but try to use no more than 4.

title: Preconnect candidates

value: No additional origins are good candidates for preconnecting

Requests are blocking the page's initial render, which may delay LCP. Deferring or inlining can move these network requests out of the critical path.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

URL	Transfer Size	Duration
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/assets-css-main.css	198.7 KiB	592 ms
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/css-main.css	53.1 KiB	366 ms
www.reading.ac.uk/sc93/js/uor.module.cookie-blocker.js	5.4 KiB	140 ms
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/js-modernizr.custom.04512.js	15.6 KiB	231 ms
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/february-assets-css-main.css	12.7 KiB	186 ms
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/css-hero-slider-style-2.css	18.0 KiB	231 ms
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/clearing-2025.css	2.0 KiB	140 ms

Reducing the download time of images can improve the perceived load time of the page and LCP. Learn more about optimizing image size

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

	URL	Resource Size	Est Savings
div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img `div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img`	www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/connectedworld296x150.jpg	91.7 KiB	84.5 KiB
div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img `div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img`	/homepage/web/multimediafiles/assets-home-Great-course-se...	75.2 KiB	68.0 KiB
div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img `div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img`	/homepage/web/multimediafiles/assets-home-Explore-student...	53.3 KiB	46.1 KiB
div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img `div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img`	/homepage/web/multimediafiles/assets-home-Get-a-Room1-296...	47.9 KiB	40.6 KiB
div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img `div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img`	www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/teaching-and-learning-296x150.jpg	42.4 KiB	35.2 KiB
div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img `div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img`	/homepage/web/multimediafiles/assets-home-latest-news-296...	40.0 KiB	32.8 KiB
div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img `div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img`	www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/business-296x150px.jpg	39.8 KiB	32.5 KiB
div.cta-content > a.icon-map > i.cta-icon > ::before `div.cta-content > a.icon-map > i.cta-icon > ::before`	www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/assets-img-icons-s35e128c89f.png	99.3 KiB	20.2 KiB
div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img `div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img`	www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/unibuddy256x150.jpg	25.8 KiB	18.6 KiB
ul.cd-hero-slider > li.selected > div.cd-img-container > img.desktop `ul.cd-hero-slider > li.selected > div.cd-img-container > img.desktop`	www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/centenary-homepage-banner.jpg	125.7 KiB	15.2 KiB
div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img `div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img`	www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/assets-home-uorm-1-296x150.jpg	15.7 KiB	8.4 KiB
div.main > div.wrapper-wide > div.placeholder-image > img `div.main > div.wrapper-wide > div.placeholder-image > img`	/homepage/web/multimediafiles/assets-new-images-landing_f...	92.5 KiB	7.9 KiB
University of Reading `ul.megamenu > li.home > a.mega-link > img`	www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/legacy-uor-home.png	5.0 KiB	4.2 KiB

These insights are also available in the Chrome DevTools Performance Panel - record a trace to view more detailed information.

Diagnostics

Minifying CSS files can reduce network payload sizes. Learn how to minify CSS.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Estimated savings: 0.0 ms 36.3 KiB

URL	Transfer Size	Est Savings
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/assets-css-main.css	198.7 KiB	14.6 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/css-main.css	53.1 KiB	12.6 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/css-hero-slider-style-2.css	18.0 KiB	6.3 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/february-assets-css-main.css	12.7 KiB	2.8 KiB

Reduce unused rules from stylesheets and defer CSS not used for above-the-fold content to decrease bytes consumed by network activity. Learn how to reduce unused CSS.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Estimated savings: 160 ms 243.0 KiB

URL	Transfer Size	Est Savings
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/assets-css-main.css	198.3 KiB	177.8 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/css-main.css	52.7 KiB	42.7 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/css-hero-slider-style-2.css	17.6 KiB	12.1 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/february-assets-css-main.css	12.3 KiB	10.3 KiB

Reduce unused JavaScript and defer loading scripts until they are required to decrease bytes consumed by network activity. Learn how to reduce unused JavaScript.

Why this matters

Multi-megabyte JavaScript bundles delay every interactive feature on the page.

Learn more ▾

Source: Google web.dev / Lighthouse

Estimated savings: 90 ms 621.1 KiB

URL	Transfer Size	Est Savings
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/web-library.min.js	176.3 KiB	102.3 KiB
www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=AW-11016496176&cx=c&gtm=4e64k0	143.5 KiB	87.4 KiB
www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=DC-13730620&cx=c&gtm=4e64k0	131.7 KiB	80.7 KiB
www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=DC-13024755&cx=c&gtm=4e64k0	129.2 KiB	80.5 KiB
www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=DC-8556031&cx=c&gtm=4e64k0	129.2 KiB	80.5 KiB
www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=GTM-TC325M	192.1 KiB	79.5 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/js-jquery-2.1.1.js	82.3 KiB	55.7 KiB
app.termly.io/resource-blocker/b846a047-fc56-4159-aaf3-7bdc36e97907	143.1 KiB	54.4 KiB

Minifying JavaScript files can reduce payload sizes and script parse time. Learn how to minify JavaScript.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Estimated savings: 0.0 ms 2.3 KiB

URL	Transfer Size	Est Savings
www.reading.ac.uk/sc93/js/uor.module.cookie-blocker.js	4.6 KiB	2.3 KiB

Large network payloads cost users real money and are highly correlated with long load times. Learn how to reduce payload sizes.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

URL	Transfer Size
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/ug-open-days-banner.jpg	404.4 KiB
/homepage/web/multimediafiles/B35381-Spring-Webinar-Graph...	233.1 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/assets-css-main.css	198.7 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/sunrise-from-space.jpg	197.2 KiB
www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=GTM-TC325M	192.5 KiB
/homepage/web/multimediafiles/2026-centenary-merchandise-...	184.8 KiB
www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/files/dr-homepage/web-library.min.js	176.7 KiB
/homepage/web/multimediafiles/2026-centenary-merchandise-...	170.2 KiB
www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=AW-11016496176&cx=c&gtm=4e64k0	143.5 KiB
app.termly.io/resource-blocker/b846a047-fc56-4159-aaf3-7bdc36e97907	143.4 KiB

Set an explicit width and height on image elements to reduce layout shifts and improve CLS. Learn how to set image dimensions

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

	URL
div.main > div.wrapper-wide > div.placeholder-image > img `div.main > div.wrapper-wide > div.placeholder-image > img`	/homepage/web/multimediafiles/assets-new-images-landing_f...
div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img `div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img`	/homepage/web/multimediafiles/assets-home-Great-course-se...
div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img `div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img`	/homepage/web/multimediafiles/assets-home-Explore-student...
div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img `div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img`	www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/unibuddy256x150.jpg
div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img `div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img`	/homepage/web/multimediafiles/assets-home-latest-news-296...
div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img `div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img`	www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/teaching-and-learning-296x150.jpg
div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img `div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img`	/homepage/web/multimediafiles/assets-home-Get-a-Room1-296...
div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img `div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img`	www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/connectedworld296x150.jpg
div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img `div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img`	www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/business-296x150px.jpg
div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img `div.row > div.pane > div.image-placeholder > img`	www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/assets-home-uorm-1-296x150.jpg
University of Reading `ul.megamenu > li.home > a.mega-link > img`	www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/legacy-uor-home.png
weibo icon `div.pane > div.component > a.icon > img`	www.reading.ac.uk/homepage/web/multimediafiles/weibo.png

More information about the performance of your application. These numbers don't directly affect the Performance score.

Redirects introduce additional delays before the page can be loaded. Learn how to avoid page redirects.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Estimated savings: 403 ms

URL	Time Spent
reading.ac.uk/	213 ms
www.reading.ac.uk/	190 ms
www.reading.ac.uk/	0.0 ms

●Time to Interactive 2.2 s

●Layout shift culprits

●Optimize DOM size

●Forced reflow

●LCP breakdown

●Optimize viewport for mobile

●Max Potential First Input Delay 40 ms

●JavaScript execution time 0.2 s

●Minimizes main-thread work 0.6 s

●Page didn't prevent back/forward cache restoration

●Network Requests

●Network Round Trip Times 30 ms

●Server Backend Latencies 30 ms

●Tasks

●Diagnostics

●Metrics

●Screenshot Thumbnails

●Final Screenshot

●Script Treemap Data

●Resources Summary

●Initial server response time was short Root document took 60 ms

●Avoid large layout shifts 1 layout shift found

○INP breakdown

○User Timing marks and measures

○Avoid long main-thread tasks

○Avoid non-composited animations

Accessibility

ARIA

Some ARIA parent roles must contain specific child roles to perform their intended accessibility functions. Learn more about roles and required children elements.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Failing Elements
Schools and departments Henley Business School University of Reading Malaysia `div.s-wrapper > div.s-row-normal > div.base7 > ul.pad-none`
Applicants Students Staff Alumni Local community `div.s-wrapper > div.s-row-normal > div.base7 > ul.pad-none`

ARIA dialog elements without accessible names may prevent screen readers users from discerning the purpose of these elements. Learn how to make ARIA dialog elements more accessible.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Failing Elements
We use essential cookies to make our site work. With your consent, we may also … `div#termly-code-snippet-support > div > div.termly-styles-root-f9c495 > div.termly-styles-consent-banner-fa199d`

These are opportunities to improve the usage of ARIA in your application which may enhance the experience for users of assistive technology, like a screen reader.

Tables and lists

Screen readers require list items (`<li>`) to be contained within a parent `<ul>`, `<ol>` or `<menu>` to be announced properly. Learn more about proper list structure.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Failing Elements
Schools and departments `div.s-row-normal > div.base7 > ul.pad-none > li.display-tablecell`
Henley Business School `div.s-row-normal > div.base7 > ul.pad-none > li.display-tablecell`
University of Reading Malaysia `div.s-row-normal > div.base7 > ul.pad-none > li.display-tablecell`
Applicants `div.s-row-normal > div.base7 > ul.pad-none > li.display-tablecell`
Students `div.s-row-normal > div.base7 > ul.pad-none > li.display-tablecell`
Staff `div.s-row-normal > div.base7 > ul.pad-none > li.display-tablecell`
Alumni `div.s-row-normal > div.base7 > ul.pad-none > li.display-tablecell`
Local community `div.s-row-normal > div.base7 > ul.pad-none > li.display-tablecell`

These are opportunities to improve the experience of reading tabular or list data using assistive technology, like a screen reader.

○Interactive controls are keyboard focusable

○Interactive elements indicate their purpose and state

○The page has a logical tab order

○Visual order on the page follows DOM order

○User focus is not accidentally trapped in a region

○The user's focus is directed to new content added to the page

○HTML5 landmark elements are used to improve navigation

○Offscreen content is hidden from assistive technology

○Custom controls have associated labels

○Custom controls have ARIA roles

●`[aria-*]` attributes match their roles

●`[aria-hidden="true"]` is not present on the document `<body>`

●`[role]`s have all required `[aria-*]` attributes

●`[role]` values are valid

●`[aria-*]` attributes have valid values

●`[aria-*]` attributes are valid and not misspelled

●Buttons have an accessible name

●Image elements have `[alt]` attributes

●`[user-scalable="no"]` is not used in the `<meta name="viewport">` element and the `[maximum-scale]` attribute is not less than 5.

●`button`, `link`, and `menuitem` elements have accessible names

●ARIA attributes are used as specified for the element's role

●Elements use only permitted ARIA attributes

●Background and foreground colors have a sufficient contrast ratio

●Document has a `<title>` element

●`<html>` element has a `[lang]` attribute

●`<html>` element has a valid value for its `[lang]` attribute

●Links are distinguishable without relying on color.

●Links have a discernible name

●Lists contain only `<li>` elements and script supporting elements (`<script>` and `<template>`).

●No element has a `[tabindex]` value greater than 0

●Touch targets have sufficient size and spacing.

●Heading elements appear in a sequentially-descending order

●Skip links are focusable.

●Document has a main landmark.

●Deprecated ARIA roles were not used

○`[accesskey]` values are unique

○`[aria-hidden="true"]` elements do not contain focusable descendents

○ARIA input fields have accessible names

○ARIA `meter` elements have accessible names

○ARIA `progressbar` elements have accessible names

○`[role]`s are contained by their required parent element

○Elements with the `role=text` attribute do not have focusable descendents.

○ARIA toggle fields have accessible names

○ARIA `tooltip` elements have accessible names

○ARIA `treeitem` elements have accessible names

○The page contains a heading, skip link, or landmark region

○`<dl>`'s contain only properly-ordered `<dt>` and `<dd>` groups, `<script>`, `<template>` or `<div>` elements.

○Definition list items are wrapped in `<dl>` elements

○ARIA IDs are unique

○No form fields have multiple labels

○`<frame>` or `<iframe>` elements have a title

○`<html>` element has an `[xml:lang]` attribute with the same base language as the `[lang]` attribute.

○Input buttons have discernible text.

○`<input type="image">` elements have `[alt]` text

○Form elements have associated labels

○The document does not use `<meta http-equiv="refresh">`

○`<object>` elements have alternate text

○Select elements have associated label elements.

○Cells in a `<table>` element that use the `[headers]` attribute refer to table cells within the same table.

○`<th>` elements and elements with `[role="columnheader"/"rowheader"]` have data cells they describe.

○`[lang]` attributes have a valid value

○`<video>` elements contain a `<track>` element with `[kind="captions"]`

○Tables have different content in the summary attribute and `<caption>`.

○All heading elements contain content.

○Uses ARIA roles only on compatible elements

○Image elements do not have `[alt]` attributes that are redundant text.

○Identical links have the same purpose.

○Elements with visible text labels have matching accessible names.

○Tables use `<caption>` instead of cells with the `[colspan]` attribute to indicate a caption.

○`<td>` elements in a large `<table>` have one or more table headers.

Best Practices

Trust and Safety

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Insecure URL	Request Resolution
www.reading.ac.uk/	Allowed

Browser Compatibility

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

●Avoids deprecated APIs

●Avoids third-party cookies

●Allows users to paste into input fields

●Avoids requesting the geolocation permission on page load

●Avoids requesting the notification permission on page load

●Displays images with correct aspect ratio

●Serves images with appropriate resolution

●Page has the HTML doctype

●No browser errors logged to the console

●No issues in the `Issues` panel in Chrome Devtools

●Ensure CSP is effective against XSS attacks

●Use a strong HSTS policy

●Ensure proper origin isolation with COOP

●Mitigate DOM-based XSS with Trusted Types

●Detected JavaScript libraries

●Page has valid source maps

○Redirects HTTP traffic to HTTPS

○Mitigate clickjacking with XFO or CSP

SEO

Crawling and Indexing

If your robots.txt file is malformed, crawlers may not be able to understand how you want your website to be crawled or indexed. Learn more about robots.txt.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Line #	Content	Error
18	`Disallow: http://www.rdg.ac.uk/WebStats`	`Pattern should either be empty, start with "/" or "*"`
19	`Disallow: http://www.reading.ac.uk/WebStats`	`Pattern should either be empty, start with "/" or "*"`

To appear in search results, crawlers need access to your app.

○Structured data is valid

●Page isn’t blocked from indexing

●Document has a `<title>` element

●Document has a meta description

●Page has successful HTTP status code

●Links have descriptive text

●Links are crawlable

●Image elements have `[alt]` attributes

●Document has a valid `hreflang`

○Document has a valid `rel=canonical`

Results for https://reading.ac.uk

Site Health

How you compare

Top Priorities (5)

Fix Priority Matrix

Quick Wins

Strategic

Easy Improvements

Deprioritize

What fixing these means

Conversion Barriers

Speed (2)

Trust (2)

Usability (1)

Content (2)

Navigation (1)

Return on Investment

Investment

Monthly returns

Regulatory risk avoided

Estimated Remediation Cost

Cost by category

Cost by effort level

What Inaction Is Costing You

Compliance Risk

Bandwidth Waste

Lighthouse Scores

Core Web Vitals

Detailed Report

Performance

Insights

Diagnostics

Accessibility

ARIA

Contrast

Best Practices

Trust and Safety

User Experience

Browser Compatibility

General

SEO

Crawling and Indexing

Lighthouse Scores

Core Web Vitals

Detailed Report

Performance

Insights

Diagnostics

Accessibility

ARIA

Tables and lists

Best Practices

Trust and Safety

Browser Compatibility

SEO

Crawling and Indexing

Keyboard Shortcuts