C — https://dx.doi.org | BeaverCheck Audit

Site Health

Score: 78 / 100

Based on 8 categories, 0 sections

Fast site — your users get a smooth experience.

Several missing protections leave your users and data exposed.

Several issues make your site difficult for assistive technology users.

Solid SEO basics — a few optimizations could boost rankings.

Solid infrastructure — fast server responses across the board.

Strong compliance posture across regulations.

Missing metadata means poor previews on social media and search.

Lean and efficient — low environmental impact per visit.

How is this calculated?

The overall score is a weighted average of individual category scores. Categories with more impact on user experience and security carry more weight.

Performance 25%Security 25%Accessibility 15%SEO 10%Infrastructure 10%Compliance 8%Content 5%Sustainability 2%

Weights reflect general web best practices. Individual needs may differ.

How the composite score is calculated

How you compare

Bootstrap · 468 peers

You 78

Avg 73

At average

0 50 100

Better than 88% of Bootstrap sites See full Bootstrap benchmark →

Font Awesome · 295 peers

You 78

Avg 73

At average

0 50 100

Better than 88% of Font Awesome sites See full Font Awesome benchmark →

Top Priorities (5)

Content-Security-Policy header is missing

Security gaps expose your site and users to attacks, eroding trust.

Security › Security Headers

No Content-Security-Policy header found

Security gaps expose your site and users to attacks, eroding trust.

Security › Content Security Policy

1 button(s) with no accessible text

Accessibility issues exclude users with disabilities — up to 15% of your potential audience.

Accessibility › Link & Button Quality

1 control(s) without accessible label

Accessibility issues exclude users with disabilities — up to 15% of your potential audience.

Accessibility › Form Accessibility

2 image(s) missing alt attribute

Accessibility issues exclude users with disabilities — up to 15% of your potential audience.

Accessibility › Alt Text Quality

View fix priority matrix

Fix Priority Matrix

5 findings

Impact

Quick Wins

High impact, low effort — start here.

Strategic

High impact, requires investment.

Easy Improvements

Small gains, minimal effort.

Nothing in this quadrant — good news.

Deprioritize

Low impact, high effort — do last.

Nothing in this quadrant — good news.

← Low effort High effort →

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Markdown

[![BeaverCheck](https://beavercheck.com/badge?url=https%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org)](https://beavercheck.com/results/9ad13875-7218-4a0d-bd05-1dcd8e1328b0)

HTML

<a href="https://beavercheck.com/results/9ad13875-7218-4a0d-bd05-1dcd8e1328b0"><img src="https://beavercheck.com/badge?url=https%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org" alt="BeaverCheck Score"></a>

Image URL

https://beavercheck.com/badge?url=https%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org

This badge auto-updates with your latest scan result.

What fixing these means

Your site performs reasonably well, but a few targeted fixes could meaningfully improve results. Accessibility issues exclude users who rely on assistive technology — an estimated 15% of your potential audience. Addressing the critical issues below would have the most immediate impact on your user trust.

2 security gaps detected — browsers may warn visitors about your site.

3 accessibility issues exclude users who rely on assistive technology.

Could reach Estimate based on resolving critical issues

Conversion Barriers

8 warning

8 barrier(s) likely increasing bounce by ~22%.

Speed (1)

Page loads in 3.0s

+5% bounce

Every additional 100ms above 2.5s costs conversions — you're 534ms over

Fix: Target <2.5s LCP: defer non-critical scripts and optimize the hero image

Trust (1)

No Content-Security-Policy header

+1% bounce

Higher XSS blast radius — one compromised script can exfiltrate the checkout form

Fix: Ship a reporting-only CSP first, then enforce once violations are clean

Usability (1)

1 form field(s) without a label

+2% bounce

Screen readers skip unlabeled fields; autofill can't identify them; checkout abandonment spikes

Fix: Associate every input with a visible <label for="…">; add autocomplete attributes

Content (3)

No Open Graph tags

+2% bounce

Links shared on LinkedIn / Slack / Facebook show bare URLs — referral clicks drop

Fix: Add og:title, og:description, og:image, og:url to the page head

No structured data

+2% bounce

No rich-result eligibility in Google — lower SERP CTR vs competitors with stars and prices

Fix: Add JSON-LD for your page type (Product, Article, FAQPage, LocalBusiness, …)

Thin content

+3% bounce

Under 300 words — visitors bounce looking for substance, search engines rank competitors first

Fix: Add a substantive FAQ, product detail, or case-study section

Navigation (2)

5 link(s) with generic text ("click here", "read more")

+1% bounce

Screen-reader users navigating by link list see no context — and search engines can't infer relevance

Fix: Rewrite with descriptive phrases that identify the destination

No skip-to-content link

+1% bounce

Keyboard and screen-reader users must tab through the entire header on every page

Fix: Add a visible-on-focus <a href="#main">Skip to content</a> as the first focusable element

Preliminary CRO audit — each barrier links to the tab with detailed analysis.

Return on Investment

$550 investment → $1,005/month returns + USD 150,000 risk avoided

Payback period: < 1 month First-year ROI: +2093%

Investment

$550

6h · 5 findings

Monthly returns

$1,005 /mo

~$12,061 / year

Conversions recovered $1,005
Bandwidth savings $0.04

Regulatory risk avoided

USD 150,000

if kept compliant

ADA Title III USD 150,000

Payback period

0 12mo 24mo

$100 — in quick wins — start here for the fastest payback

Figures combine localized regulatory fine ceilings, search/conversion value priced against local CPC, and bandwidth waste estimates. Results depend on implementation quality and audience composition. Not legal or financial advice.

Full methodology & sources

Estimated Remediation Cost

$550

5.5 developer hours at $100/hr

Based on United States rates ($100/hr)

Quick wins

$100 2 fixes in ~60 minutes

Start here for the best return on investment

Cost by category

Cost by effort level

Adjust assumptions

Custom rate

$ /hr

Rates reflect fully-loaded developer cost including overhead

How developer rates are sourced

What Inaction Is Costing You

$12,500 / month at risk

~$150,000 / year if left unfixed

Compliance Risk

$150,000

ADA Title III

No <nav> landmark found
ADA Title III: USD 25,000 – USD 150,000
Skip navigation link is missing (WCAG 2.4.1)
ADA Title III: USD 25,000 – USD 150,000
No H1 heading found
ADA Title III: USD 25,000 – USD 150,000

+3 more

Bandwidth Waste

$0.04 /mo

491.0 MB/mo × 0.080 USD/GB

Optimize transfer: save ~49 KB per page load
Saves $0.04/mo

Compliance figures represent the statutory maximum fine for the most severe triggered category, capped per regulation — not the sum of per-finding penalties. Based on published regulatory fine ranges. This is not legal advice.

Compliance methodology · SEO assumptions · Bandwidth model

Your performance is already good — improvements may show diminishing returns

Monthly visitors

Unique monthly visitors from your analytics

Conversion rate (%)

Purchases, signups, or key actions

Avg. order value

Optional — for revenue estimation

additional conversions/month

more engaged visitors from reduced bounce

potential monthly revenue

Current bounce (est.)

After fixes (est.)

Estimated bounce reduction

Fix 5 critical issues to capture this value

How this is calculated

Based on Google/Deloitte research ("Milliseconds Make Millions") showing a ~7% bounce rate increase per additional second of LCP above the 2.5s "Good" threshold.

Your site's LCP: → estimated after fixes.

These are estimates based on industry research — actual results vary

Bounce-rate model & assumptions

Your data stays in your browser — nothing is sent to our servers

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Lighthouse Scores

Industry-standard audits powered by Google Lighthouse.

Performance

Accessibility

Best Practices

SEO

Core Web Vitals

Key metrics that affect user experience.

First Contentful Paint First Contentful Paint — how long until the browser renders the first piece of content. Under 1.8s is good.

2.88 s

Largest Contentful Paint Largest Contentful Paint — how long until the largest visible element loads. Under 2.5s is good.

3.03 s

Total Blocking Time Total Blocking Time — total time the main thread was blocked, preventing user input. Under 200ms is good.

0 ms

Cumulative Layout Shift Cumulative Layout Shift — measures visual stability. How much the page layout shifts during loading. Under 0.1 is good.

0.045

Speed Index Speed Index — how quickly content is visually displayed during load. Under 3.4s is good.

2.97 s

Time to Interactive Time to Interactive — how long until the page is fully interactive and responds to user input. Under 3.8s is good.

3.03 s

Detailed Report

Audit breakdown by category with detailed findings.

Performance

Insights

Remove large, duplicate JavaScript modules from bundles to reduce unnecessary bytes consumed by network activity.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Polyfills and transforms enable older browsers to use new JavaScript features. However, many aren't necessary for modern browsers. Consider modifying your JavaScript build process to not transpile Baseline features, unless you know you must support older browsers. Learn why most sites can deploy ES6+ code without transpiling

Why this matters

Shipping ES5 transpiled code to modern browsers wastes bytes — every user with an evergreen browser pays for compatibility you don't need.

Learn more ▾

Most users today run browsers that natively support ES6+, async/await, optional chaining, and the rest of modern JavaScript. Transpiling to ES5 'just in case' adds 20-40% to your bundle for no benefit. Configure your build to target a modern browserslist, or ship a differential bundle pair (modern + legacy) with the module/nomodule pattern.

Source: Google web.dev / Lighthouse

3rd party code can significantly impact load performance. Reduce and defer loading of 3rd party code to prioritize your page's content.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

A long cache lifetime can speed up repeat visits to your page. Learn more about caching.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Request	Cache TTL	Transfer Size
dx.doi.org/static/css/style.css	14400.0 s	7.7 KiB
dx.doi.org/static/images/logos/header_logo_cropped.svg	14400.0 s	2.5 KiB
dx.doi.org/static/images/logos/footer_logo_cropped.svg	14400.0 s	2.5 KiB
/p.css?s=1&k=gcr6xms&ht=tk&f=10884.32874&a=12362348&app=t...	604800.0 s	172 B

Avoid chaining critical requests by reducing the length of chains, reducing the download size of resources, or deferring the download of unnecessary resources to improve page load.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

description: [preconnect](https://developer.chrome.com/docs/lighthouse/performance/uses-rel-preconnect/) hints help the browser establish a connection earlier in the page load, saving time when the first request for that origin is made. The following are the origins that the page preconnected to.

title: Preconnected origins

value: no origins were preconnected

description: Add [preconnect](https://developer.chrome.com/docs/lighthouse/performance/uses-rel-preconnect/) hints to your most important origins, but try to use no more than 4.

title: Preconnect candidates

Requests are blocking the page's initial render, which may delay LCP. Deferring or inlining can move these network requests out of the critical path.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

URL	Transfer Size	Duration
kit.fontawesome.com/731b8140c4.js	0 B	913 ms
fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Roboto+Mono&family=Roboto:wght@100&display=swap	2.1 KiB	818 ms
cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.0.2/dist/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js	23.5 KiB	302 ms
cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.0.2/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css	25.2 KiB	1.2 s
/p.css?s=1&k=gcr6xms&ht=tk&f=10884.32874&a=12362348&app=t...	172 B	752 ms
use.typekit.net/gcr6xms.css	920 B	751 ms
dx.doi.org/static/css/style.css	7.7 KiB	158 ms

Consider setting font-display to swap or optional to ensure text is consistently visible. swap can be further optimized to mitigate layout shifts with font metric overrides.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

URL	Est Savings
/af/9b05f3/000000000000000000013365/27/l?primer=7cdcb44be...	5.0 ms

These insights are also available in the Chrome DevTools Performance Panel - record a trace to view more detailed information.

Diagnostics

Reduce unused rules from stylesheets and defer CSS not used for above-the-fold content to decrease bytes consumed by network activity. Learn how to reduce unused CSS.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Estimated savings: 150 ms 24.4 KiB

URL	Transfer Size	Est Savings
cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.0.2/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css	24.8 KiB	24.4 KiB

Minifying CSS files can reduce network payload sizes. Learn how to minify CSS.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Estimated savings: 0.0 ms 2.1 KiB

URL	Transfer Size	Est Savings
dx.doi.org/static/css/style.css	7.7 KiB	2.1 KiB

Set an explicit width and height on image elements to reduce layout shifts and improve CLS. Learn how to set image dimensions

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

	URL
div.row > div.col > a > img.footer-logo `div.row > div.col > a > img.footer-logo`	dx.doi.org/static/images/logos/footer_logo_cropped.svg
div.row > div.col > a > img.header-logo `div.row > div.col > a > img.header-logo`	dx.doi.org/static/images/logos/header_logo_cropped.svg

More information about the performance of your application. These numbers don't directly affect the Performance score.

●Time to Interactive 3.0 s

●Layout shift culprits

●Document request latency

●Optimize DOM size

●Forced reflow

●Improve image delivery

●LCP breakdown

●Modern HTTP

●Optimize viewport for mobile

●Max Potential First Input Delay 20 ms

●Minify JavaScript

●Reduce unused JavaScript

●Avoids enormous network payloads Total size was 160 KiB

●JavaScript execution time 0.0 s

●Minimizes main-thread work 0.4 s

●Avoid long main-thread tasks 1 long task found

●Page didn't prevent back/forward cache restoration

●Network Requests

●Network Round Trip Times 10 ms

●Server Backend Latencies 160 ms

●Tasks

●Diagnostics

●Metrics

●Screenshot Thumbnails

●Final Screenshot

●Script Treemap Data

●Resources Summary

●Avoid multiple page redirects

●Initial server response time was short Root document took 10 ms

●Avoid large layout shifts 1 layout shift found

○INP breakdown

○LCP request discovery

○User Timing marks and measures

○Avoid non-composited animations

Accessibility

These checks highlight opportunities to improve the accessibility of your web app. Automatic detection can only detect a subset of issues and does not guarantee the accessibility of your web app, so manual testing is also encouraged.

ARIA

Assistive technologies, like screen readers, can't interpret ARIA attributes with invalid names. Learn more about valid ARIA attributes.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Failing Elements
RESOLVE A DOI NAME Type or paste a known DOI name exactly—including its prefix … `body.generic-page > main`

These are opportunities to improve the usage of ARIA in your application which may enhance the experience for users of assistive technology, like a screen reader.

Contrast

Low-contrast text is difficult or impossible for many users to read. Learn how to provide sufficient color contrast.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Failing Elements
10. `section.home-resolve > div.subtext > p > code`
doi.org/ `section.home-resolve > div.subtext > p > code`
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License `div.row > div.col > p > a`

These are opportunities to improve the legibility of your content.

Names and labels

Informative elements should aim for short, descriptive alternate text. Decorative elements can be ignored with an empty alt attribute. Learn more about the `alt` attribute.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Failing Elements
div.row > div.col > a > img.header-logo `div.row > div.col > a > img.header-logo`
div.row > div.col > a > img.footer-logo `div.row > div.col > a > img.footer-logo`

Link text (and alternate text for images, when used as links) that is discernible, unique, and focusable improves the navigation experience for screen reader users. Learn how to make links accessible.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Failing Elements
header > div.row > div.col > a `header > div.row > div.col > a`
footer > div.row > div.col > a `footer > div.row > div.col > a`
div.col > ul.socials-footer > li > a `div.col > ul.socials-footer > li > a`
div.col > ul.socials-footer > li > a `div.col > ul.socials-footer > li > a`
div.col > ul.socials-footer > li > a `div.col > ul.socials-footer > li > a`

These are opportunities to improve the semantics of the controls in your application. This may enhance the experience for users of assistive technology, like a screen reader.

○Interactive controls are keyboard focusable

○Interactive elements indicate their purpose and state

○The page has a logical tab order

○Visual order on the page follows DOM order

○User focus is not accidentally trapped in a region

○The user's focus is directed to new content added to the page

○HTML5 landmark elements are used to improve navigation

○Offscreen content is hidden from assistive technology

○Custom controls have associated labels

○Custom controls have ARIA roles

●`[aria-*]` attributes match their roles

●`[aria-hidden="true"]` is not present on the document `<body>`

●`[aria-*]` attributes have valid values

●Input buttons have discernible text.

●Form elements have associated labels

●`[user-scalable="no"]` is not used in the `<meta name="viewport">` element and the `[maximum-scale]` attribute is not less than 5.

●ARIA attributes are used as specified for the element's role

●Elements use only permitted ARIA attributes

●Document has a `<title>` element

●`<html>` element has a `[lang]` attribute

●`<html>` element has a valid value for its `[lang]` attribute

●Links are distinguishable without relying on color.

●Lists contain only `<li>` elements and script supporting elements (`<script>` and `<template>`).

●List items (`<li>`) are contained within `<ul>`, `<ol>` or `<menu>` parent elements

●Touch targets have sufficient size and spacing.

●Heading elements appear in a sequentially-descending order

●Document has a main landmark.

○`[accesskey]` values are unique

○`button`, `link`, and `menuitem` elements have accessible names

○Deprecated ARIA roles were not used

○Elements with `role="dialog"` or `role="alertdialog"` have accessible names.

○`[aria-hidden="true"]` elements do not contain focusable descendents

○ARIA input fields have accessible names

○ARIA `meter` elements have accessible names

○ARIA `progressbar` elements have accessible names

○`[role]`s have all required `[aria-*]` attributes

○Elements with an ARIA `[role]` that require children to contain a specific `[role]` have all required children.

○`[role]`s are contained by their required parent element

○`[role]` values are valid

○Elements with the `role=text` attribute do not have focusable descendents.

○ARIA toggle fields have accessible names

○ARIA `tooltip` elements have accessible names

○ARIA `treeitem` elements have accessible names

○Buttons have an accessible name

○The page contains a heading, skip link, or landmark region

○`<dl>`'s contain only properly-ordered `<dt>` and `<dd>` groups, `<script>`, `<template>` or `<div>` elements.

○Definition list items are wrapped in `<dl>` elements

○ARIA IDs are unique

○No form fields have multiple labels

○`<frame>` or `<iframe>` elements have a title

○`<html>` element has an `[xml:lang]` attribute with the same base language as the `[lang]` attribute.

○`<input type="image">` elements have `[alt]` text

○The document does not use `<meta http-equiv="refresh">`

○`<object>` elements have alternate text

○Select elements have associated label elements.

○Skip links are focusable.

○No element has a `[tabindex]` value greater than 0

○Cells in a `<table>` element that use the `[headers]` attribute refer to table cells within the same table.

○`<th>` elements and elements with `[role="columnheader"/"rowheader"]` have data cells they describe.

○`[lang]` attributes have a valid value

○`<video>` elements contain a `<track>` element with `[kind="captions"]`

○Tables have different content in the summary attribute and `<caption>`.

○All heading elements contain content.

○Uses ARIA roles only on compatible elements

○Image elements do not have `[alt]` attributes that are redundant text.

○Identical links have the same purpose.

○Elements with visible text labels have matching accessible names.

○Tables use `<caption>` instead of cells with the `[colspan]` attribute to indicate a caption.

○`<td>` elements in a large `<table>` have one or more table headers.

Best Practices

General

Errors logged to the console indicate unresolved problems. They can come from network request failures and other browser concerns. Learn more about this errors in console diagnostic audit

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Source	Description
kit.fontawesome.com/731b8140c4.js	`Failed to load resource: the server responded with a status of 403 ()`

●Uses HTTPS

●Avoids deprecated APIs

●Avoids third-party cookies

●Allows users to paste into input fields

●Avoids requesting the geolocation permission on page load

●Avoids requesting the notification permission on page load

●Displays images with correct aspect ratio

●Serves images with appropriate resolution

●Page has the HTML doctype

●Properly defines charset

●No issues in the `Issues` panel in Chrome Devtools

●Ensure CSP is effective against XSS attacks

●Ensure proper origin isolation with COOP

●Mitigate clickjacking with XFO or CSP

●Mitigate DOM-based XSS with Trusted Types

●Page has valid source maps

○Redirects HTTP traffic to HTTPS

○Use a strong HSTS policy

○Detected JavaScript libraries

SEO

These checks ensure that your page is following basic search engine optimization advice. There are many additional factors Lighthouse does not score here that may affect your search ranking, including performance on Core Web Vitals. Learn more about Google Search Essentials.

Content Best Practices

Meta descriptions may be included in search results to concisely summarize page content. Learn more about the meta description.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Informative elements should aim for short, descriptive alternate text. Decorative elements can be ignored with an empty alt attribute. Learn more about the `alt` attribute.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Failing Elements
div.row > div.col > a > img.header-logo `div.row > div.col > a > img.header-logo`
div.row > div.col > a > img.footer-logo `div.row > div.col > a > img.footer-logo`

Format your HTML in a way that enables crawlers to better understand your app’s content.

○Structured data is valid

●Page isn’t blocked from indexing

●Document has a `<title>` element

●Page has successful HTTP status code

●Links have descriptive text

●Links are crawlable

●robots.txt is valid

●Document has a valid `hreflang`

○Document has a valid `rel=canonical`

Lighthouse Scores

Industry-standard audits powered by Google Lighthouse. — Desktop

Performance

Accessibility

Best Practices

SEO

Core Web Vitals

Key metrics that affect user experience. — Desktop

First Contentful Paint First Contentful Paint — how long until the browser renders the first piece of content. Under 1.8s is good.

760 ms

Largest Contentful Paint Largest Contentful Paint — how long until the largest visible element loads. Under 2.5s is good.

760 ms

Total Blocking Time Total Blocking Time — total time the main thread was blocked, preventing user input. Under 200ms is good.

0 ms

Cumulative Layout Shift Cumulative Layout Shift — measures visual stability. How much the page layout shifts during loading. Under 0.1 is good.

0.002

Speed Index Speed Index — how quickly content is visually displayed during load. Under 3.4s is good.

760 ms

Time to Interactive Time to Interactive — how long until the page is fully interactive and responds to user input. Under 3.8s is good.

760 ms

Detailed Report

Audit breakdown by category with detailed findings.

Performance

Insights

Remove large, duplicate JavaScript modules from bundles to reduce unnecessary bytes consumed by network activity.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Why this matters

Shipping ES5 transpiled code to modern browsers wastes bytes — every user with an evergreen browser pays for compatibility you don't need.

Learn more ▾

Source: Google web.dev / Lighthouse

3rd party code can significantly impact load performance. Reduce and defer loading of 3rd party code to prioritize your page's content.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Avoid chaining critical requests by reducing the length of chains, reducing the download size of resources, or deferring the download of unnecessary resources to improve page load.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

title: Preconnected origins

value: no origins were preconnected

description: Add [preconnect](https://developer.chrome.com/docs/lighthouse/performance/uses-rel-preconnect/) hints to your most important origins, but try to use no more than 4.

title: Preconnect candidates

Requests are blocking the page's initial render, which may delay LCP. Deferring or inlining can move these network requests out of the critical path.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

URL	Transfer Size	Duration
kit.fontawesome.com/731b8140c4.js	0 B	368 ms
fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Roboto+Mono&family=Roboto:wght@100&display=swap	2.1 KiB	261 ms
cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.0.2/dist/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js	23.1 KiB	82 ms
cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.0.2/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css	25.6 KiB	249 ms
dx.doi.org/static/css/style.css	7.7 KiB	51 ms
use.typekit.net/gcr6xms.css	921 B	202 ms
/p.css?s=1&k=gcr6xms&ht=tk&f=10884.32874&a=12362348&app=t...	172 B	201 ms

A long cache lifetime can speed up repeat visits to your page. Learn more about caching.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Request	Cache TTL	Transfer Size
dx.doi.org/static/css/style.css	14400.0 s	7.7 KiB
dx.doi.org/static/images/logos/header_logo_cropped.svg	14400.0 s	2.5 KiB
dx.doi.org/static/images/logos/footer_logo_cropped.svg	14400.0 s	2.5 KiB
/p.css?s=1&k=gcr6xms&ht=tk&f=10884.32874&a=12362348&app=t...	604800.0 s	172 B

Consider setting font-display to swap or optional to ensure text is consistently visible. swap can be further optimized to mitigate layout shifts with font metric overrides.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

URL	Est Savings
/af/9b05f3/000000000000000000013365/27/l?primer=7cdcb44be...	5.0 ms

These insights are also available in the Chrome DevTools Performance Panel - record a trace to view more detailed information.

Diagnostics

Reduce unused rules from stylesheets and defer CSS not used for above-the-fold content to decrease bytes consumed by network activity. Learn how to reduce unused CSS.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Estimated savings: 40 ms 24.4 KiB

URL	Transfer Size	Est Savings
cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.0.2/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css	24.8 KiB	24.4 KiB

Minifying CSS files can reduce network payload sizes. Learn how to minify CSS.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Estimated savings: 0.0 ms 2.1 KiB

URL	Transfer Size	Est Savings
dx.doi.org/static/css/style.css	7.7 KiB	2.1 KiB

Set an explicit width and height on image elements to reduce layout shifts and improve CLS. Learn how to set image dimensions

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

	URL
div.row > div.col > a > img.footer-logo `div.row > div.col > a > img.footer-logo`	dx.doi.org/static/images/logos/footer_logo_cropped.svg
div.row > div.col > a > img.header-logo `div.row > div.col > a > img.header-logo`	dx.doi.org/static/images/logos/header_logo_cropped.svg

More information about the performance of your application. These numbers don't directly affect the Performance score.

●Layout shift culprits

●Document request latency

●Optimize DOM size

●Forced reflow

●Improve image delivery

●LCP breakdown

●Modern HTTP

●Optimize viewport for mobile

●Time to Interactive 0.8 s

●Max Potential First Input Delay 20 ms

●Minify JavaScript

●Reduce unused JavaScript

●Avoids enormous network payloads Total size was 160 KiB

●Minimizes main-thread work 0.1 s

●Page didn't prevent back/forward cache restoration

●Network Requests

●Network Round Trip Times 10 ms

●Server Backend Latencies 170 ms

●Tasks

●Diagnostics

●Metrics

●Screenshot Thumbnails

●Final Screenshot

●Script Treemap Data

●Resources Summary

●Avoid multiple page redirects

●Initial server response time was short Root document took 10 ms

●Avoid large layout shifts 1 layout shift found

○INP breakdown

○LCP request discovery

○User Timing marks and measures

○JavaScript execution time

○Avoid long main-thread tasks

○Avoid non-composited animations

Accessibility

ARIA

Assistive technologies, like screen readers, can't interpret ARIA attributes with invalid names. Learn more about valid ARIA attributes.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Failing Elements
RESOLVE A DOI NAME Type or paste a known DOI name exactly—including its prefix … `body.generic-page > main`

These are opportunities to improve the usage of ARIA in your application which may enhance the experience for users of assistive technology, like a screen reader.

Contrast

Low-contrast text is difficult or impossible for many users to read. Learn how to provide sufficient color contrast.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Failing Elements
10. `section.home-resolve > div.subtext > p > code`
doi.org/ `section.home-resolve > div.subtext > p > code`
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License `div.row > div.col > p > a`

These are opportunities to improve the legibility of your content.

Names and labels

Informative elements should aim for short, descriptive alternate text. Decorative elements can be ignored with an empty alt attribute. Learn more about the `alt` attribute.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Failing Elements
div.row > div.col > a > img.header-logo `div.row > div.col > a > img.header-logo`
div.row > div.col > a > img.footer-logo `div.row > div.col > a > img.footer-logo`

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Failing Elements
header > div.row > div.col > a `header > div.row > div.col > a`
footer > div.row > div.col > a `footer > div.row > div.col > a`
div.col > ul.socials-footer > li > a `div.col > ul.socials-footer > li > a`
div.col > ul.socials-footer > li > a `div.col > ul.socials-footer > li > a`
div.col > ul.socials-footer > li > a `div.col > ul.socials-footer > li > a`

These are opportunities to improve the semantics of the controls in your application. This may enhance the experience for users of assistive technology, like a screen reader.

○Interactive controls are keyboard focusable

○Interactive elements indicate their purpose and state

○The page has a logical tab order

○Visual order on the page follows DOM order

○User focus is not accidentally trapped in a region

○The user's focus is directed to new content added to the page

○HTML5 landmark elements are used to improve navigation

○Offscreen content is hidden from assistive technology

○Custom controls have associated labels

○Custom controls have ARIA roles

●`[aria-*]` attributes match their roles

●`[aria-hidden="true"]` is not present on the document `<body>`

●`[aria-*]` attributes have valid values

●Input buttons have discernible text.

●Form elements have associated labels

●`[user-scalable="no"]` is not used in the `<meta name="viewport">` element and the `[maximum-scale]` attribute is not less than 5.

●ARIA attributes are used as specified for the element's role

●Elements use only permitted ARIA attributes

●Document has a `<title>` element

●`<html>` element has a `[lang]` attribute

●`<html>` element has a valid value for its `[lang]` attribute

●Links are distinguishable without relying on color.

●Lists contain only `<li>` elements and script supporting elements (`<script>` and `<template>`).

●List items (`<li>`) are contained within `<ul>`, `<ol>` or `<menu>` parent elements

●Touch targets have sufficient size and spacing.

●Heading elements appear in a sequentially-descending order

●Document has a main landmark.

○`[accesskey]` values are unique

○`button`, `link`, and `menuitem` elements have accessible names

○Deprecated ARIA roles were not used

○Elements with `role="dialog"` or `role="alertdialog"` have accessible names.

○`[aria-hidden="true"]` elements do not contain focusable descendents

○ARIA input fields have accessible names

○ARIA `meter` elements have accessible names

○ARIA `progressbar` elements have accessible names

○`[role]`s have all required `[aria-*]` attributes

○Elements with an ARIA `[role]` that require children to contain a specific `[role]` have all required children.

○`[role]`s are contained by their required parent element

○`[role]` values are valid

○Elements with the `role=text` attribute do not have focusable descendents.

○ARIA toggle fields have accessible names

○ARIA `tooltip` elements have accessible names

○ARIA `treeitem` elements have accessible names

○Buttons have an accessible name

○The page contains a heading, skip link, or landmark region

○`<dl>`'s contain only properly-ordered `<dt>` and `<dd>` groups, `<script>`, `<template>` or `<div>` elements.

○Definition list items are wrapped in `<dl>` elements

○ARIA IDs are unique

○No form fields have multiple labels

○`<frame>` or `<iframe>` elements have a title

○`<html>` element has an `[xml:lang]` attribute with the same base language as the `[lang]` attribute.

○`<input type="image">` elements have `[alt]` text

○The document does not use `<meta http-equiv="refresh">`

○`<object>` elements have alternate text

○Select elements have associated label elements.

○Skip links are focusable.

○No element has a `[tabindex]` value greater than 0

○Cells in a `<table>` element that use the `[headers]` attribute refer to table cells within the same table.

○`<th>` elements and elements with `[role="columnheader"/"rowheader"]` have data cells they describe.

○`[lang]` attributes have a valid value

○`<video>` elements contain a `<track>` element with `[kind="captions"]`

○Tables have different content in the summary attribute and `<caption>`.

○All heading elements contain content.

○Uses ARIA roles only on compatible elements

○Image elements do not have `[alt]` attributes that are redundant text.

○Identical links have the same purpose.

○Elements with visible text labels have matching accessible names.

○Tables use `<caption>` instead of cells with the `[colspan]` attribute to indicate a caption.

○`<td>` elements in a large `<table>` have one or more table headers.

Best Practices

General

Errors logged to the console indicate unresolved problems. They can come from network request failures and other browser concerns. Learn more about this errors in console diagnostic audit

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Source	Description
kit.fontawesome.com/731b8140c4.js	`Failed to load resource: the server responded with a status of 403 ()`

●Uses HTTPS

●Avoids deprecated APIs

●Avoids third-party cookies

●Allows users to paste into input fields

●Avoids requesting the geolocation permission on page load

●Avoids requesting the notification permission on page load

●Displays images with correct aspect ratio

●Serves images with appropriate resolution

●Page has the HTML doctype

●Properly defines charset

●No issues in the `Issues` panel in Chrome Devtools

●Ensure CSP is effective against XSS attacks

●Ensure proper origin isolation with COOP

●Mitigate clickjacking with XFO or CSP

●Mitigate DOM-based XSS with Trusted Types

●Page has valid source maps

○Redirects HTTP traffic to HTTPS

○Use a strong HSTS policy

○Detected JavaScript libraries

SEO

Content Best Practices

Meta descriptions may be included in search results to concisely summarize page content. Learn more about the meta description.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Informative elements should aim for short, descriptive alternate text. Decorative elements can be ignored with an empty alt attribute. Learn more about the `alt` attribute.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Failing Elements
div.row > div.col > a > img.header-logo `div.row > div.col > a > img.header-logo`
div.row > div.col > a > img.footer-logo `div.row > div.col > a > img.footer-logo`

Format your HTML in a way that enables crawlers to better understand your app’s content.

○Structured data is valid

●Page isn’t blocked from indexing

●Document has a `<title>` element

●Page has successful HTTP status code

●Links have descriptive text

●Links are crawlable

●robots.txt is valid

●Document has a valid `hreflang`

○Document has a valid `rel=canonical`

Results for https://dx.doi.org

Site Health

How you compare

Top Priorities (5)

Fix Priority Matrix

Quick Wins

Strategic

Easy Improvements

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What fixing these means

Conversion Barriers

Speed (1)

Trust (1)

Usability (1)

Content (3)

Navigation (2)

Return on Investment

Investment

Monthly returns

Regulatory risk avoided

Payback period

Estimated Remediation Cost

Cost by category

Cost by effort level

What Inaction Is Costing You

Compliance Risk

Bandwidth Waste

Lighthouse Scores

Core Web Vitals

Detailed Report

Performance

Insights

Diagnostics

Accessibility

ARIA

Contrast

Names and labels

Best Practices

General

SEO

Content Best Practices

Lighthouse Scores

Core Web Vitals

Detailed Report

Performance

Insights

Diagnostics

Accessibility

ARIA

Contrast

Names and labels

Best Practices

General

SEO

Content Best Practices

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