C — https://www.ox.ac.uk | BeaverCheck Audit

Site Health

Score: 78 / 100

Based on 8 categories, 0 sections

How is this calculated?

The overall score is a weighted average of individual category scores. Categories with more impact on user experience and security carry more weight.

Performance 25%Security 25%Accessibility 15%SEO 10%Infrastructure 10%Compliance 8%Content 5%Sustainability 2%

Weights reflect general web best practices. Individual needs may differ.

Top Priorities (5)

'unsafe-eval' found in script source

Security › Content Security Policy

'unsafe-inline' found in script source

Security › Content Security Policy

Wildcard '*' found in script source

Security › Content Security Policy

1 control(s) without accessible label

Accessibility › Form Accessibility

10 button(s) with no accessible text

Accessibility › Link & Button Quality

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Markdown

[![BeaverCheck](https://beavercheck.com/badge?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ox.ac.uk)](https://beavercheck.com/results/038f3a49-49e2-45c5-96d9-124a1faf35a4)

HTML

<a href="https://beavercheck.com/results/038f3a49-49e2-45c5-96d9-124a1faf35a4"><img src="https://beavercheck.com/badge?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ox.ac.uk" alt="BeaverCheck Score"></a>

Image URL

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Lighthouse Scores

Industry-standard audits powered by Google Lighthouse.

Performance

Accessibility

Best Practices

100

SEO

Core Web Vitals

Key metrics that affect user experience.

First Contentful Paint First Contentful Paint — how long until the browser renders the first piece of content. Under 1.8s is good.

4.27 s

Largest Contentful Paint Largest Contentful Paint — how long until the largest visible element loads. Under 2.5s is good.

12.14 s

Total Blocking Time Total Blocking Time — total time the main thread was blocked, preventing user input. Under 200ms is good.

910 ms

Cumulative Layout Shift Cumulative Layout Shift — measures visual stability. How much the page layout shifts during loading. Under 0.1 is good.

0.000

Speed Index Speed Index — how quickly content is visually displayed during load. Under 3.4s is good.

6.23 s

Time to Interactive Time to Interactive — how long until the page is fully interactive and responds to user input. Under 3.8s is good.

12.25 s

Detailed Report

Audit breakdown by category with detailed findings.

Performance

Insights

Remove large, duplicate JavaScript modules from bundles to reduce unnecessary bytes consumed by network activity.

Polyfills and transforms enable older browsers to use new JavaScript features. However, many aren't necessary for modern browsers. Consider modifying your JavaScript build process to not transpile Baseline features, unless you know you must support older browsers. Learn why most sites can deploy ES6+ code without transpiling

3rd party code can significantly impact load performance. Reduce and defer loading of 3rd party code to prioritize your page's content.

A long cache lifetime can speed up repeat visits to your page. Learn more about caching.

Request	Cache TTL	Transfer Size
/sites/files/oxford/styles/ow_large_feature/s3/bcar_ug_tw...	1209600.0 s	189.2 KiB
/sites/files/oxford/styles/ow_large_feature/s3/bcar_ashmo...	1209600.0 s	160.3 KiB
/sites/files/oxford/styles/ow_large_feature/s3/field/fiel...	1209600.0 s	141.5 KiB
cc.cdn.civiccomputing.com/9/cookieControl-9.x.min.js	604800.0 s	123.3 KiB
sjs.bizographics.com/insight.min.js	28621.0 s	16.6 KiB
www.ox.ac.uk/sites/default/themes/custom/oxweb/images/oxweb-footer-icons-v8.png	86400.0 s	15.3 KiB
www.ox.ac.uk/sites/default/themes/custom/oxweb/images/oxweb-logo-rect.svg	86400.0 s	12.4 KiB
/beacon.min.js/v8c78df7c7c0f484497ecbca7046644da177152312...	86400.0 s	10.7 KiB
www.ox.ac.uk/sites/files/oxford/st_ox_current5.jpg	1209600.0 s	41.5 KiB
www.ox.ac.uk/sites/files/oxford/st_ox_undergrad3.jpg	1209600.0 s	32.5 KiB
www.ox.ac.uk/sites/files/oxford/st_ox_grad2.jpg	1209600.0 s	31.1 KiB
/sites/files/oxford/styles/ow_small_highlight/s3/disc_reu...	1209600.0 s	29.9 KiB
/sites/files/oxford/styles/ow_small_highlight/s3/disc_oed...	1209600.0 s	26.4 KiB
/sites/files/oxford/styles/ow_small_highlight/s3/disc_nat...	1209600.0 s	25.3 KiB
/sites/files/oxford/styles/ow_small_highlight/s3/disc_oup...	1209600.0 s	23.8 KiB
/sites/files/oxford/styles/ow_small_highlight/s3/disc_oxp...	1209600.0 s	21.8 KiB
www.ox.ac.uk/sites/files/oxford/st_ox_conted6.jpg	1209600.0 s	18.1 KiB
/sites/files/oxford/styles/ow_small_highlight/s3/disc_spa...	1209600.0 s	18.0 KiB
/sites/files/oxford/styles/ow_small_highlight/s3/disc_oxf...	1209600.0 s	17.8 KiB
/sites/files/oxford/styles/ow_small_highlight/s3/disc_his...	1209600.0 s	16.6 KiB
/sites/files/oxford/styles/ow_small_highlight/s3/disc_con...	1209600.0 s	16.3 KiB
/sites/files/oxford/styles/ow_listing/s3/field/field_imag...	1209600.0 s	15.4 KiB
/sites/files/oxford/styles/ow_listing/s3/field/field_imag...	1209600.0 s	15.0 KiB
/sites/files/oxford/styles/ow_small_highlight/s3/disc_odi...	1209600.0 s	13.2 KiB
/sites/files/oxford/styles/ow_small_highlight/s3/disc_pod...	1209600.0 s	13.1 KiB
/sites/files/oxford/styles/ow_listing/s3/field/field_imag...	1209600.0 s	12.7 KiB
/sites/files/oxford/styles/ow_small_highlight/s3/disc_qua...	1209600.0 s	10.7 KiB
www.ox.ac.uk/sites/default/themes/custom/oxweb/images/info-icon@x2.png	86400.0 s	2.2 KiB
/collect?v=2&fmt=js&pid=9293&time=1775323091473&url=https...	0.0 ms	695 B
/sites/default/themes/custom/oxweb/images/carousel-chevro...	86400.0 s	1.6 KiB
/sites/default/themes/custom/oxweb/images/carousel-chevro...	86400.0 s	1.6 KiB
www.ox.ac.uk/sites/default/themes/custom/oxweb/images/search-icon.png	86400.0 s	822 B
/sites/default/themes/custom/oxweb/images/highlight-chevr...	86400.0 s	799 B
www.ox.ac.uk/sites/default/themes/custom/oxweb/images/whopper.png	86400.0 s	598 B

A forced reflow occurs when JavaScript queries geometric properties (such as offsetWidth) after styles have been invalidated by a change to the DOM state. This can result in poor performance. Learn more about forced reflows and possible mitigations.

headings: [map[key:source label:Top function call valueType:source-location] map[granularity:1 key:reflowTime label:Total reflow time valueType:ms]]

items: [map[reflowTime:142.581 source:map[column:640 line:4 type:source-location url:https://www.ox.ac.uk/sites/files/oxford/advagg_js/js__ihdwYz7z62m5viS1EMhNOpB9bfVJ_3N7-eC3gKeS-sI__ATnX8WF8ltra-g2RmFaF163qjG6u_xdvxVSENyHJmQk__h7T-cjtV_dUO9EYp5xzvQZuTpmuCIt2rzPKmYSUARw8.js urlProvider:network]]]

headings: [map[key:source label:Source valueType:source-location] map[granularity:1 key:reflowTime label:Total reflow time valueType:ms]]

items: [map[reflowTime:95.754 source:map[column:30882 line:3 type:source-location url:https://www.ox.ac.uk/sites/files/oxford/advagg_js/js__ihdwYz7z62m5viS1EMhNOpB9bfVJ_3N7-eC3gKeS-sI__ATnX8WF8ltra-g2RmFaF163qjG6u_xdvxVSENyHJmQk__h7T-cjtV_dUO9EYp5xzvQZuTpmuCIt2rzPKmYSUARw8.js urlProvider:network]] map[reflowTime:0.501 source:map[column:30979 line:3 type:source-location url:https://www.ox.ac.uk/sites/files/oxford/advagg_js/js__ihdwYz7z62m5viS1EMhNOpB9bfVJ_3N7-eC3gKeS-sI__ATnX8WF8ltra-g2RmFaF163qjG6u_xdvxVSENyHJmQk__h7T-cjtV_dUO9EYp5xzvQZuTpmuCIt2rzPKmYSUARw8.js urlProvider:network]] map[reflowTime:0.361 source:map[column:31260 line:3 type:source-location url:https://www.ox.ac.uk/sites/files/oxford/advagg_js/js__ihdwYz7z62m5viS1EMhNOpB9bfVJ_3N7-eC3gKeS-sI__ATnX8WF8ltra-g2RmFaF163qjG6u_xdvxVSENyHJmQk__h7T-cjtV_dUO9EYp5xzvQZuTpmuCIt2rzPKmYSUARw8.js urlProvider:network]] map[reflowTime:0.09 source:map[column:31351 line:3 type:source-location url:https://www.ox.ac.uk/sites/files/oxford/advagg_js/js__ihdwYz7z62m5viS1EMhNOpB9bfVJ_3N7-eC3gKeS-sI__ATnX8WF8ltra-g2RmFaF163qjG6u_xdvxVSENyHJmQk__h7T-cjtV_dUO9EYp5xzvQZuTpmuCIt2rzPKmYSUARw8.js urlProvider:network]] map[reflowTime:0.189 source:map[column:31632 line:3 type:source-location url:https://www.ox.ac.uk/sites/files/oxford/advagg_js/js__ihdwYz7z62m5viS1EMhNOpB9bfVJ_3N7-eC3gKeS-sI__ATnX8WF8ltra-g2RmFaF163qjG6u_xdvxVSENyHJmQk__h7T-cjtV_dUO9EYp5xzvQZuTpmuCIt2rzPKmYSUARw8.js urlProvider:network]] map[reflowTime:0.249 source:map[column:31782 line:3 type:source-location url:https://www.ox.ac.uk/sites/files/oxford/advagg_js/js__ihdwYz7z62m5viS1EMhNOpB9bfVJ_3N7-eC3gKeS-sI__ATnX8WF8ltra-g2RmFaF163qjG6u_xdvxVSENyHJmQk__h7T-cjtV_dUO9EYp5xzvQZuTpmuCIt2rzPKmYSUARw8.js urlProvider:network]] map[reflowTime:0.281 source:map[column:31900 line:3 type:source-location url:https://www.ox.ac.uk/sites/files/oxford/advagg_js/js__ihdwYz7z62m5viS1EMhNOpB9bfVJ_3N7-eC3gKeS-sI__ATnX8WF8ltra-g2RmFaF163qjG6u_xdvxVSENyHJmQk__h7T-cjtV_dUO9EYp5xzvQZuTpmuCIt2rzPKmYSUARw8.js urlProvider:network]] map[reflowTime:0.275 source:map[column:41 line:1066 type:source-location url:https://www.ox.ac.uk/sites/files/oxford/advagg_js/js__ihdwYz7z62m5viS1EMhNOpB9bfVJ_3N7-eC3gKeS-sI__ATnX8WF8ltra-g2RmFaF163qjG6u_xdvxVSENyHJmQk__h7T-cjtV_dUO9EYp5xzvQZuTpmuCIt2rzPKmYSUARw8.js urlProvider:network]] map[reflowTime:19.761 source:map[column:5688 line:5 type:source-location url:https://www.ox.ac.uk/sites/files/oxford/advagg_js/js__ihdwYz7z62m5viS1EMhNOpB9bfVJ_3N7-eC3gKeS-sI__ATnX8WF8ltra-g2RmFaF163qjG6u_xdvxVSENyHJmQk__h7T-cjtV_dUO9EYp5xzvQZuTpmuCIt2rzPKmYSUARw8.js urlProvider:network]] map[reflowTime:4.537 source:map[column:26533 line:5 type:source-location url:https://www.ox.ac.uk/sites/files/oxford/advagg_js/js__ihdwYz7z62m5viS1EMhNOpB9bfVJ_3N7-eC3gKeS-sI__ATnX8WF8ltra-g2RmFaF163qjG6u_xdvxVSENyHJmQk__h7T-cjtV_dUO9EYp5xzvQZuTpmuCIt2rzPKmYSUARw8.js urlProvider:network]] map[reflowTime:11.263 source:map[column:6794 line:5 type:source-location url:https://www.ox.ac.uk/sites/files/oxford/advagg_js/js__ihdwYz7z62m5viS1EMhNOpB9bfVJ_3N7-eC3gKeS-sI__ATnX8WF8ltra-g2RmFaF163qjG6u_xdvxVSENyHJmQk__h7T-cjtV_dUO9EYp5xzvQZuTpmuCIt2rzPKmYSUARw8.js urlProvider:network]] map[reflowTime:8.942 source:map[column:3774 line:5 type:source-location url:https://www.ox.ac.uk/sites/files/oxford/advagg_js/js__ihdwYz7z62m5viS1EMhNOpB9bfVJ_3N7-eC3gKeS-sI__ATnX8WF8ltra-g2RmFaF163qjG6u_xdvxVSENyHJmQk__h7T-cjtV_dUO9EYp5xzvQZuTpmuCIt2rzPKmYSUARw8.js urlProvider:network]] map[reflowTime:0.378 source:map[column:3796 line:5 type:source-location url:https://www.ox.ac.uk/sites/files/oxford/advagg_js/js__ihdwYz7z62m5viS1EMhNOpB9bfVJ_3N7-eC3gKeS-sI__ATnX8WF8ltra-g2RmFaF163qjG6u_xdvxVSENyHJmQk__h7T-cjtV_dUO9EYp5xzvQZuTpmuCIt2rzPKmYSUARw8.js urlProvider:network]]]

Reducing the download time of images can improve the perceived load time of the page and LCP. Learn more about optimizing image size

	URL	Resource Size	Est Savings
Two students sitting outside in college `div.field > span.field-item-single > div.ds-1col > img`	/sites/files/oxford/styles/ow_large_feature/s3/bcar_ug_tw...	188.6 KiB	172.6 KiB
Group of current student in quad `ul.study-group-two > li.study-type > a > img.media-element`	www.ox.ac.uk/sites/files/oxford/st_ox_current5.jpg	40.9 KiB	36.3 KiB
Old magazine `div.link-block-bgimage-wrapper > div.field > span.field-item-single > img`	/sites/files/oxford/styles/ow_small_highlight/s3/disc_reu...	29.3 KiB	27.5 KiB
Undergrad students 3 `ul.study-group-one > li.study-type > a > img.media-element`	www.ox.ac.uk/sites/files/oxford/st_ox_undergrad3.jpg	32.0 KiB	27.3 KiB
Grad students 2 `ul.study-group-one > li.study-type > a > img.media-element`	www.ox.ac.uk/sites/files/oxford/st_ox_grad2.jpg	30.5 KiB	25.9 KiB
Array of food `div.link-block-bgimage-wrapper > div.field > span.field-item-single > img`	/sites/files/oxford/styles/ow_small_highlight/s3/disc_oed...	25.8 KiB	24.0 KiB
Eggs illustration `div.link-block-bgimage-wrapper > div.field > span.field-item-single > img`	/sites/files/oxford/styles/ow_small_highlight/s3/disc_nat...	24.7 KiB	22.9 KiB
Greek frieze `div.link-block-bgimage-wrapper > div.field > span.field-item-single > img`	/sites/files/oxford/styles/ow_small_highlight/s3/disc_oup...	23.2 KiB	21.4 KiB
Oxplore equality `div.link-block-bgimage-wrapper > div.field > span.field-item-single > img`	/sites/files/oxford/styles/ow_small_highlight/s3/disc_oxp...	21.2 KiB	19.4 KiB
F1 car speeding by `div.link-block-bgimage-wrapper > div.field > span.field-item-single > img`	/sites/files/oxford/styles/ow_small_highlight/s3/disc_spa...	17.4 KiB	15.6 KiB
Oxford skyline in black and white `div.link-block-bgimage-wrapper > div.field > span.field-item-single > img`	/sites/files/oxford/styles/ow_small_highlight/s3/disc_oxf...	17.2 KiB	15.4 KiB
Kids in a museum `div.link-block-bgimage-wrapper > div.field > span.field-item-single > img`	/sites/files/oxford/styles/ow_small_highlight/s3/disc_his...	16.0 KiB	14.2 KiB
woman reading `div.link-block-bgimage-wrapper > div.field > span.field-item-single > img`	/sites/files/oxford/styles/ow_small_highlight/s3/disc_con...	15.7 KiB	14.0 KiB
Adult students in a seminar `ul.study-group-two > li.study-type > a > img.media-element`	www.ox.ac.uk/sites/files/oxford/st_ox_conted6.jpg	17.5 KiB	12.9 KiB
Solar farm in Africa `div.link-block-bgimage-wrapper > div.field > span.field-item-single > img`	/sites/files/oxford/styles/ow_small_highlight/s3/disc_odi...	12.6 KiB	11.2 KiB
podcast human interface `div.link-block-bgimage-wrapper > div.field > span.field-item-single > img`	/sites/files/oxford/styles/ow_small_highlight/s3/disc_pod...	12.5 KiB	11.1 KiB
Space trash `div.link-block-bgimage-wrapper > div.field > span.field-item-single > img`	/sites/files/oxford/styles/ow_small_highlight/s3/disc_qua...	10.2 KiB	9.0 KiB

Optimize LCP by making the LCP image discoverable from the HTML immediately, and avoiding lazy-loading

lhId: page-17-IMG

nodeLabel: Oxford's women claim victory in the 2026 Boat Race

path: 1,HTML,1,BODY,3,SECTION,3,SECTION,0,DIV,0,DIV,0,SECTION,0,SECTION,1,DIV,1,DIV,0,DIV,0,DIV,1,DIV,0,DIV,0,UL,0,LI,0,DIV,0,A,0,DIV,0,DIV,0,SPAN,0,IMG

selector: div.link-block-bgimage-wrapper > div.field > span.field-item-single > img

snippet: <img typeof="foaf:Image" src="https://www.ox.ac.uk/sites/files/oxford/styles/ow_listing/s3/field/field_i…" width="370" height="222" alt="Oxford's women claim victory in the 2026 Boat Race">

Avoid chaining critical requests by reducing the length of chains, reducing the download size of resources, or deferring the download of unnecessary resources to improve page load.

description: [preconnect](https://developer.chrome.com/docs/lighthouse/performance/uses-rel-preconnect/) hints help the browser establish a connection earlier in the page load, saving time when the first request for that origin is made. The following are the origins that the page preconnected to.

title: Preconnected origins

value: no origins were preconnected

description: Add [preconnect](https://developer.chrome.com/docs/lighthouse/performance/uses-rel-preconnect/) hints to your most important origins, but try to use no more than 4.

title: Preconnect candidates

Requests are blocking the page's initial render, which may delay LCP. Deferring or inlining can move these network requests out of the critical path.

URL	Transfer Size	Duration
/sites/files/oxford/advagg_js/js__9q_RhUzRB9SYU1-amhF7x_i...	46.5 KiB	967 ms
/sites/files/oxford/advagg_js/js__ihdwYz7z62m5viS1EMhNOpB...	44.9 KiB	1.6 s
/sites/files/oxford/advagg_js/js__g6HAL4XtohiHzS9CG4SIugq...	12.5 KiB	494 ms
/sites/files/oxford/advagg_js/js__9o6MTP80DXWHri8ze4nKy9q...	1.1 KiB	178 ms
/sites/files/oxford/advagg_css/css__WcyGoWryerB6FTiefeluO...	12.5 KiB	494 ms
/sites/files/oxford/advagg_css/css__spdjcEZR5oB7JDp-aKZkg...	5.0 KiB	651 ms
/sites/files/oxford/advagg_css/css__BJ6Ou6QsBRtnFTmxaakam...	2.6 KiB	178 ms
/sites/files/oxford/advagg_css/css__MarV35vNLf0_XPV9JUJLb...	36.7 KiB	1.8 s
/sites/files/oxford/advagg_js/js__z5ONFBC5kmHZRZuHWswENYj...	9.6 KiB	494 ms
/sites/files/oxford/advagg_css/css__Oz20qOQtvbB-9QPNXbkEm...	1.3 KiB	494 ms
/sites/files/oxford/advagg_css/css__UY0etF999x6scvHTvffNH...	1.3 KiB	494 ms
/sites/files/oxford/advagg_css/css__OyUP6r6gWDd7g9HyyAPkK...	1.9 KiB	494 ms

These insights are also available in the Chrome DevTools Performance Panel - record a trace to view more detailed information.

The maximum potential First Input Delay that your users could experience is the duration of the longest task. Learn more about the Maximum Potential First Input Delay metric.

Time to Interactive is the amount of time it takes for the page to become fully interactive. Learn more about the Time to Interactive metric.

TTI

Diagnostics

Minifying JavaScript files can reduce payload sizes and script parse time. Learn how to minify JavaScript.

Estimated savings: 270 ms 32.7 KiB

URL	Transfer Size	Est Savings
/sites/files/oxford/advagg_js/js__9q_RhUzRB9SYU1-amhF7x_i...	46.0 KiB	13.4 KiB
/sites/files/oxford/advagg_js/js__ihdwYz7z62m5viS1EMhNOpB...	44.4 KiB	9.6 KiB
/sites/files/oxford/advagg_js/js__z5ONFBC5kmHZRZuHWswENYj...	9.2 KiB	5.7 KiB
/sites/files/oxford/advagg_js/js__g6HAL4XtohiHzS9CG4SIugq...	12.0 KiB	4.0 KiB

Reduce unused rules from stylesheets and defer CSS not used for above-the-fold content to decrease bytes consumed by network activity. Learn how to reduce unused CSS.

Estimated savings: 270 ms 32.2 KiB

URL	Transfer Size	Est Savings
/sites/files/oxford/advagg_css/css__MarV35vNLf0_XPV9JUJLb...	36.2 KiB	32.2 KiB

Reduce unused JavaScript and defer loading scripts until they are required to decrease bytes consumed by network activity. Learn how to reduce unused JavaScript.

Estimated savings: 1.4 s 146.9 KiB

URL	Transfer Size	Est Savings
www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=GTM-TDB29T	137.7 KiB	66.2 KiB
cc.cdn.civiccomputing.com/9/cookieControl-9.x.min.js	122.9 KiB	57.1 KiB
/sites/files/oxford/advagg_js/js__9q_RhUzRB9SYU1-amhF7x_i...	46.0 KiB	23.6 KiB

Consider reducing the time spent parsing, compiling, and executing JS. You may find delivering smaller JS payloads helps with this. Learn how to reduce Javascript execution time.

URL	Total CPU Time	Script Evaluation	Script Parse
/sites/files/oxford/advagg_js/js__ihdwYz7z62m5viS1EMhNOpB...	1.2 s	488 ms	26 ms
www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=GTM-TDB29T	504 ms	383 ms	77 ms
Unattributable	459 ms	14 ms	0.0 ms
cc.cdn.civiccomputing.com/9/cookieControl-9.x.min.js	411 ms	344 ms	66 ms
www.ox.ac.uk/	403 ms	16 ms	5.4 ms
sjs.bizographics.com/insight.min.js	134 ms	107 ms	8.2 ms
/beacon.min.js/v8c78df7c7c0f484497ecbca7046644da177152312...	66 ms	41 ms	4.9 ms

Consider reducing the time spent parsing, compiling and executing JS. You may find delivering smaller JS payloads helps with this. Learn how to minimize main-thread work

Category	Time Spent
Script Evaluation	1.4 s
Style & Layout	861 ms
Other	652 ms
Script Parsing & Compilation	229 ms
Parse HTML & CSS	176 ms
Rendering	55 ms

More information about the performance of your application. These numbers don't directly affect the Performance score.

●Layout shift culprits

●Document request latency

●Optimize DOM size

●Font display

●LCP breakdown

●Modern HTTP

●Optimize viewport for mobile

●Minify CSS

●Avoids enormous network payloads Total size was 1,559 KiB

●Avoid long main-thread tasks 8 long tasks found

●Image elements have explicit `width` and `height`

●Page didn't prevent back/forward cache restoration

●Network Requests

●Network Round Trip Times 10 ms

●Server Backend Latencies 170 ms

●Tasks

●Diagnostics

●Metrics

●Screenshot Thumbnails

●Final Screenshot

●Script Treemap Data

●Resources Summary

●Avoid multiple page redirects

●Initial server response time was short Root document took 30 ms

○INP breakdown

○User Timing marks and measures

○Avoid non-composited animations

○Avoid large layout shifts

Accessibility

These checks highlight opportunities to improve the accessibility of your web app. Automatic detection can only detect a subset of issues and does not guarantee the accessibility of your web app, so manual testing is also encouraged.

Names and labels

When a button doesn't have an accessible name, screen readers announce it as "button", making it unusable for users who rely on screen readers. Learn how to make buttons more accessible.

Failing Elements
div.field > span.field-item-single > div.ds-1col > button.toggle-icon `div.field > span.field-item-single > div.ds-1col > button.toggle-icon`
div.field > span.field-item-single > div.ds-1col > button.toggle-icon `div.field > span.field-item-single > div.ds-1col > button.toggle-icon`
div.field > span.field-item-single > div.ds-1col > button.toggle-icon `div.field > span.field-item-single > div.ds-1col > button.toggle-icon`

These are opportunities to improve the semantics of the controls in your application. This may enhance the experience for users of assistive technology, like a screen reader.

○Interactive controls are keyboard focusable

○Interactive elements indicate their purpose and state

○The page has a logical tab order

○Visual order on the page follows DOM order

○User focus is not accidentally trapped in a region

○The user's focus is directed to new content added to the page

○HTML5 landmark elements are used to improve navigation

○Offscreen content is hidden from assistive technology

○Custom controls have associated labels

○Custom controls have ARIA roles

●`[aria-*]` attributes match their roles

●`[aria-hidden="true"]` is not present on the document `<body>`

●`[role]`s have all required `[aria-*]` attributes

●`[role]` values are valid

●`[aria-*]` attributes have valid values

●`[aria-*]` attributes are valid and not misspelled

●Image elements have `[alt]` attributes

●Input buttons have discernible text.

●`[user-scalable="no"]` is not used in the `<meta name="viewport">` element and the `[maximum-scale]` attribute is not less than 5.

●ARIA attributes are used as specified for the element's role

●Elements with `role="dialog"` or `role="alertdialog"` have accessible names.

●`[aria-hidden="true"]` elements do not contain focusable descendents

●Elements use only permitted ARIA attributes

●Background and foreground colors have a sufficient contrast ratio

●Document has a `<title>` element

●`<html>` element has a `[lang]` attribute

●`<html>` element has a valid value for its `[lang]` attribute

●Links have a discernible name

●Lists contain only `<li>` elements and script supporting elements (`<script>` and `<template>`).

●List items (`<li>`) are contained within `<ul>`, `<ol>` or `<menu>` parent elements

●No element has a `[tabindex]` value greater than 0

●Touch targets have sufficient size and spacing.

●Heading elements appear in a sequentially-descending order

●Document has a main landmark.

●Deprecated ARIA roles were not used

○`[accesskey]` values are unique

○`button`, `link`, and `menuitem` elements have accessible names

○ARIA input fields have accessible names

○ARIA `meter` elements have accessible names

○ARIA `progressbar` elements have accessible names

○Elements with an ARIA `[role]` that require children to contain a specific `[role]` have all required children.

○`[role]`s are contained by their required parent element

○Elements with the `role=text` attribute do not have focusable descendents.

○ARIA toggle fields have accessible names

○ARIA `tooltip` elements have accessible names

○ARIA `treeitem` elements have accessible names

○The page contains a heading, skip link, or landmark region

○`<dl>`'s contain only properly-ordered `<dt>` and `<dd>` groups, `<script>`, `<template>` or `<div>` elements.

○Definition list items are wrapped in `<dl>` elements

○ARIA IDs are unique

○No form fields have multiple labels

○`<frame>` or `<iframe>` elements have a title

○`<html>` element has an `[xml:lang]` attribute with the same base language as the `[lang]` attribute.

○`<input type="image">` elements have `[alt]` text

○Form elements have associated labels

○Links are distinguishable without relying on color.

○The document does not use `<meta http-equiv="refresh">`

○`<object>` elements have alternate text

○Select elements have associated label elements.

○Skip links are focusable.

○Cells in a `<table>` element that use the `[headers]` attribute refer to table cells within the same table.

○`<th>` elements and elements with `[role="columnheader"/"rowheader"]` have data cells they describe.

○`[lang]` attributes have a valid value

○`<video>` elements contain a `<track>` element with `[kind="captions"]`

○Tables have different content in the summary attribute and `<caption>`.

○All heading elements contain content.

○Uses ARIA roles only on compatible elements

○Image elements do not have `[alt]` attributes that are redundant text.

○Identical links have the same purpose.

○Elements with visible text labels have matching accessible names.

○Tables use `<caption>` instead of cells with the `[colspan]` attribute to indicate a caption.

○`<td>` elements in a large `<table>` have one or more table headers.

Best Practices

User Experience

Image natural dimensions should be proportional to the display size and the pixel ratio to maximize image clarity. Learn how to provide responsive images.

	URL	Displayed size	Actual size	Expected size
Oxford's women claim victory in the 2026 Boat Race `div.link-block-bgimage-wrapper > div.field > span.field-item-single > img`	/sites/files/oxford/styles/ow_listing/s3/field/field_imag...	412 x 247	370 x 222	618 x 371
Artistic illustration depicting an ocean between 554 and 539 million years ago.… `div.link-block-bgimage-wrapper > div.field > span.field-item-single > img`	/sites/files/oxford/styles/ow_listing/s3/field/field_imag...	412 x 247	370 x 222	618 x 371

General

Deprecated APIs will eventually be removed from the browser. Learn more about deprecated APIs.

Deprecation / Warning	Source
AttributionReporting	sjs.bizographics.com/insight.min.js
Topics	sjs.bizographics.com/insight.min.js

●Uses HTTPS

●Avoids third-party cookies

●Allows users to paste into input fields

●Avoids requesting the geolocation permission on page load

●Avoids requesting the notification permission on page load

●Displays images with correct aspect ratio

●Page has the HTML doctype

●Properly defines charset

●No browser errors logged to the console

●No issues in the `Issues` panel in Chrome Devtools

●Ensure CSP is effective against XSS attacks

●Use a strong HSTS policy

●Ensure proper origin isolation with COOP

●Mitigate DOM-based XSS with Trusted Types

●Detected JavaScript libraries

●Page has valid source maps

○Redirects HTTP traffic to HTTPS

○Mitigate clickjacking with XFO or CSP

100

SEO

These checks ensure that your page is following basic search engine optimization advice. There are many additional factors Lighthouse does not score here that may affect your search ranking, including performance on Core Web Vitals. Learn more about Google Search Essentials.

○Structured data is valid

●Page isn’t blocked from indexing

●Document has a `<title>` element

●Document has a meta description

●Page has successful HTTP status code

●Links have descriptive text

●Links are crawlable

●robots.txt is valid

●Image elements have `[alt]` attributes

●Document has a valid `hreflang`

●Document has a valid `rel=canonical`

Lighthouse Scores

Industry-standard audits powered by Google Lighthouse. — Desktop

Performance

Accessibility

Best Practices

100

SEO

Core Web Vitals

Key metrics that affect user experience. — Desktop

First Contentful Paint First Contentful Paint — how long until the browser renders the first piece of content. Under 1.8s is good.

954 ms

Largest Contentful Paint Largest Contentful Paint — how long until the largest visible element loads. Under 2.5s is good.

2.02 s

Total Blocking Time Total Blocking Time — total time the main thread was blocked, preventing user input. Under 200ms is good.

86 ms

Cumulative Layout Shift Cumulative Layout Shift — measures visual stability. How much the page layout shifts during loading. Under 0.1 is good.

0.001

Speed Index Speed Index — how quickly content is visually displayed during load. Under 3.4s is good.

1.39 s

Time to Interactive Time to Interactive — how long until the page is fully interactive and responds to user input. Under 3.8s is good.

2.42 s

Detailed Report

Audit breakdown by category with detailed findings.

Performance

Insights

Remove large, duplicate JavaScript modules from bundles to reduce unnecessary bytes consumed by network activity.

3rd party code can significantly impact load performance. Reduce and defer loading of 3rd party code to prioritize your page's content.

A long cache lifetime can speed up repeat visits to your page. Learn more about caching.

Request	Cache TTL	Transfer Size
/sites/files/oxford/styles/ow_large_feature/s3/bcar_ug_tw...	1209600.0 s	189.2 KiB
/sites/files/oxford/styles/ow_large_feature/s3/bcar_ashmo...	1209600.0 s	160.3 KiB
/sites/files/oxford/styles/ow_large_feature/s3/field/fiel...	1209600.0 s	141.5 KiB
cc.cdn.civiccomputing.com/9/cookieControl-9.x.min.js	604800.0 s	123.4 KiB
sjs.bizographics.com/insight.min.js	28600.0 s	16.6 KiB
www.ox.ac.uk/sites/default/themes/custom/oxweb/images/oxweb-footer-icons-v8.png	86400.0 s	15.3 KiB
/beacon.min.js/v8c78df7c7c0f484497ecbca7046644da177152312...	86400.0 s	10.7 KiB
www.ox.ac.uk/sites/files/oxford/st_ox_current5.jpg	1209600.0 s	41.5 KiB
www.ox.ac.uk/sites/files/oxford/st_ox_undergrad3.jpg	1209600.0 s	32.5 KiB
www.ox.ac.uk/sites/files/oxford/st_ox_grad2.jpg	1209600.0 s	31.1 KiB
/sites/files/oxford/styles/ow_small_highlight/s3/disc_reu...	1209600.0 s	29.9 KiB
/sites/files/oxford/styles/ow_small_highlight/s3/disc_oed...	1209600.0 s	26.4 KiB
/sites/files/oxford/styles/ow_small_highlight/s3/disc_nat...	1209600.0 s	25.3 KiB
/sites/files/oxford/styles/ow_small_highlight/s3/disc_oup...	1209600.0 s	23.8 KiB
/sites/files/oxford/styles/ow_small_highlight/s3/disc_oxp...	1209600.0 s	21.7 KiB
www.ox.ac.uk/sites/default/themes/custom/oxweb/images/discover-shadow.png	86400.0 s	5.0 KiB
www.ox.ac.uk/sites/files/oxford/st_ox_conted6.jpg	1209600.0 s	18.1 KiB
/sites/files/oxford/styles/ow_small_highlight/s3/disc_spa...	1209600.0 s	18.0 KiB
/sites/files/oxford/styles/ow_small_highlight/s3/disc_oxf...	1209600.0 s	17.8 KiB
/sites/files/oxford/styles/ow_small_highlight/s3/disc_his...	1209600.0 s	16.6 KiB
/sites/files/oxford/styles/ow_small_highlight/s3/disc_con...	1209600.0 s	16.3 KiB
www.ox.ac.uk/sites/default/themes/custom/oxweb/images/oxweb-logo.gif	86400.0 s	3.9 KiB
/sites/files/oxford/styles/ow_listing/s3/field/field_imag...	1209600.0 s	15.4 KiB
/sites/files/oxford/styles/ow_listing/s3/field/field_imag...	1209600.0 s	15.0 KiB
/sites/files/oxford/styles/ow_small_highlight/s3/disc_odi...	1209600.0 s	13.2 KiB
/sites/files/oxford/styles/ow_small_highlight/s3/disc_pod...	1209600.0 s	13.1 KiB
/sites/files/oxford/styles/ow_listing/s3/field/field_imag...	1209600.0 s	12.7 KiB
/sites/files/oxford/styles/ow_small_highlight/s3/disc_qua...	1209600.0 s	10.7 KiB
www.ox.ac.uk/sites/default/themes/custom/oxweb/images/i-sprite.png	86400.0 s	2.6 KiB
/collect?v=2&fmt=js&pid=9293&time=1775323113187&url=https...	0.0 ms	697 B
/sites/default/themes/custom/oxweb/images/carousel-chevro...	86400.0 s	1.6 KiB
/sites/default/themes/custom/oxweb/images/carousel-chevro...	86400.0 s	1.6 KiB
/sites/default/themes/custom/oxweb/images/homepage-chevro...	86400.0 s	1.1 KiB
www.ox.ac.uk/sites/default/themes/custom/oxweb/images/search-icon.png	86400.0 s	822 B
/sites/default/themes/custom/oxweb/images/highlight-chevr...	86400.0 s	799 B
www.ox.ac.uk/sites/default/themes/custom/oxweb/images/menu_arrow.png	86400.0 s	764 B

headings: [map[key:source label:Top function call valueType:source-location] map[granularity:1 key:reflowTime label:Total reflow time valueType:ms]]

items: [map[reflowTime:86.841 source:map[column:640 line:4 type:source-location url:https://www.ox.ac.uk/sites/files/oxford/advagg_js/js__ihdwYz7z62m5viS1EMhNOpB9bfVJ_3N7-eC3gKeS-sI__ATnX8WF8ltra-g2RmFaF163qjG6u_xdvxVSENyHJmQk__h7T-cjtV_dUO9EYp5xzvQZuTpmuCIt2rzPKmYSUARw8.js urlProvider:network]]]

headings: [map[key:source label:Source valueType:source-location] map[granularity:1 key:reflowTime label:Total reflow time valueType:ms]]

items: [map[reflowTime:30.393 source:map[column:30882 line:3 type:source-location url:https://www.ox.ac.uk/sites/files/oxford/advagg_js/js__ihdwYz7z62m5viS1EMhNOpB9bfVJ_3N7-eC3gKeS-sI__ATnX8WF8ltra-g2RmFaF163qjG6u_xdvxVSENyHJmQk__h7T-cjtV_dUO9EYp5xzvQZuTpmuCIt2rzPKmYSUARw8.js urlProvider:network]] map[reflowTime:0.648 source:map[column:30979 line:3 type:source-location url:https://www.ox.ac.uk/sites/files/oxford/advagg_js/js__ihdwYz7z62m5viS1EMhNOpB9bfVJ_3N7-eC3gKeS-sI__ATnX8WF8ltra-g2RmFaF163qjG6u_xdvxVSENyHJmQk__h7T-cjtV_dUO9EYp5xzvQZuTpmuCIt2rzPKmYSUARw8.js urlProvider:network]] map[reflowTime:0.438 source:map[column:31260 line:3 type:source-location url:https://www.ox.ac.uk/sites/files/oxford/advagg_js/js__ihdwYz7z62m5viS1EMhNOpB9bfVJ_3N7-eC3gKeS-sI__ATnX8WF8ltra-g2RmFaF163qjG6u_xdvxVSENyHJmQk__h7T-cjtV_dUO9EYp5xzvQZuTpmuCIt2rzPKmYSUARw8.js urlProvider:network]] map[reflowTime:0.099 source:map[column:31351 line:3 type:source-location url:https://www.ox.ac.uk/sites/files/oxford/advagg_js/js__ihdwYz7z62m5viS1EMhNOpB9bfVJ_3N7-eC3gKeS-sI__ATnX8WF8ltra-g2RmFaF163qjG6u_xdvxVSENyHJmQk__h7T-cjtV_dUO9EYp5xzvQZuTpmuCIt2rzPKmYSUARw8.js urlProvider:network]] map[reflowTime:0.188 source:map[column:31632 line:3 type:source-location url:https://www.ox.ac.uk/sites/files/oxford/advagg_js/js__ihdwYz7z62m5viS1EMhNOpB9bfVJ_3N7-eC3gKeS-sI__ATnX8WF8ltra-g2RmFaF163qjG6u_xdvxVSENyHJmQk__h7T-cjtV_dUO9EYp5xzvQZuTpmuCIt2rzPKmYSUARw8.js urlProvider:network]] map[reflowTime:0.253 source:map[column:31782 line:3 type:source-location url:https://www.ox.ac.uk/sites/files/oxford/advagg_js/js__ihdwYz7z62m5viS1EMhNOpB9bfVJ_3N7-eC3gKeS-sI__ATnX8WF8ltra-g2RmFaF163qjG6u_xdvxVSENyHJmQk__h7T-cjtV_dUO9EYp5xzvQZuTpmuCIt2rzPKmYSUARw8.js urlProvider:network]] map[reflowTime:0.304 source:map[column:31900 line:3 type:source-location url:https://www.ox.ac.uk/sites/files/oxford/advagg_js/js__ihdwYz7z62m5viS1EMhNOpB9bfVJ_3N7-eC3gKeS-sI__ATnX8WF8ltra-g2RmFaF163qjG6u_xdvxVSENyHJmQk__h7T-cjtV_dUO9EYp5xzvQZuTpmuCIt2rzPKmYSUARw8.js urlProvider:network]] map[reflowTime:0.617 source:map[column:41 line:1066 type:source-location url:https://www.ox.ac.uk/sites/files/oxford/advagg_js/js__ihdwYz7z62m5viS1EMhNOpB9bfVJ_3N7-eC3gKeS-sI__ATnX8WF8ltra-g2RmFaF163qjG6u_xdvxVSENyHJmQk__h7T-cjtV_dUO9EYp5xzvQZuTpmuCIt2rzPKmYSUARw8.js urlProvider:network]] map[reflowTime:25.771 source:map[column:5688 line:5 type:source-location url:https://www.ox.ac.uk/sites/files/oxford/advagg_js/js__ihdwYz7z62m5viS1EMhNOpB9bfVJ_3N7-eC3gKeS-sI__ATnX8WF8ltra-g2RmFaF163qjG6u_xdvxVSENyHJmQk__h7T-cjtV_dUO9EYp5xzvQZuTpmuCIt2rzPKmYSUARw8.js urlProvider:network]] map[reflowTime:3.629 source:map[column:26533 line:5 type:source-location url:https://www.ox.ac.uk/sites/files/oxford/advagg_js/js__ihdwYz7z62m5viS1EMhNOpB9bfVJ_3N7-eC3gKeS-sI__ATnX8WF8ltra-g2RmFaF163qjG6u_xdvxVSENyHJmQk__h7T-cjtV_dUO9EYp5xzvQZuTpmuCIt2rzPKmYSUARw8.js urlProvider:network]] map[reflowTime:20.152 source:map[column:6794 line:5 type:source-location url:https://www.ox.ac.uk/sites/files/oxford/advagg_js/js__ihdwYz7z62m5viS1EMhNOpB9bfVJ_3N7-eC3gKeS-sI__ATnX8WF8ltra-g2RmFaF163qjG6u_xdvxVSENyHJmQk__h7T-cjtV_dUO9EYp5xzvQZuTpmuCIt2rzPKmYSUARw8.js urlProvider:network]] map[reflowTime:3.442 source:map[column:3774 line:5 type:source-location url:https://www.ox.ac.uk/sites/files/oxford/advagg_js/js__ihdwYz7z62m5viS1EMhNOpB9bfVJ_3N7-eC3gKeS-sI__ATnX8WF8ltra-g2RmFaF163qjG6u_xdvxVSENyHJmQk__h7T-cjtV_dUO9EYp5xzvQZuTpmuCIt2rzPKmYSUARw8.js urlProvider:network]] map[reflowTime:0.427 source:map[column:3796 line:5 type:source-location url:https://www.ox.ac.uk/sites/files/oxford/advagg_js/js__ihdwYz7z62m5viS1EMhNOpB9bfVJ_3N7-eC3gKeS-sI__ATnX8WF8ltra-g2RmFaF163qjG6u_xdvxVSENyHJmQk__h7T-cjtV_dUO9EYp5xzvQZuTpmuCIt2rzPKmYSUARw8.js urlProvider:network]] map[reflowTime:0.48 source:map[column:28444 line:5 type:source-location url:https://www.ox.ac.uk/sites/files/oxford/advagg_js/js__ihdwYz7z62m5viS1EMhNOpB9bfVJ_3N7-eC3gKeS-sI__ATnX8WF8ltra-g2RmFaF163qjG6u_xdvxVSENyHJmQk__h7T-cjtV_dUO9EYp5xzvQZuTpmuCIt2rzPKmYSUARw8.js urlProvider:network]]]

Reducing the download time of images can improve the perceived load time of the page and LCP. Learn more about optimizing image size

	URL	Resource Size	Est Savings
Two students sitting outside in college `div.field > span.field-item-single > div.ds-1col > img`	/sites/files/oxford/styles/ow_large_feature/s3/bcar_ug_tw...	188.6 KiB	86.7 KiB
Group of current student in quad `ul.study-group-two > li.study-type > a > img.media-element`	www.ox.ac.uk/sites/files/oxford/st_ox_current5.jpg	40.9 KiB	28.6 KiB
Old magazine `div.link-block-bgimage-wrapper > div.field > span.field-item-single > img`	/sites/files/oxford/styles/ow_small_highlight/s3/disc_reu...	29.3 KiB	20.5 KiB
Undergrad students 3 `ul.study-group-one > li.study-type > a > img.media-element`	www.ox.ac.uk/sites/files/oxford/st_ox_undergrad3.jpg	32.0 KiB	19.7 KiB
Grad students 2 `ul.study-group-one > li.study-type > a > img.media-element`	www.ox.ac.uk/sites/files/oxford/st_ox_grad2.jpg	30.5 KiB	18.2 KiB
Array of food `div.link-block-bgimage-wrapper > div.field > span.field-item-single > img`	/sites/files/oxford/styles/ow_small_highlight/s3/disc_oed...	25.8 KiB	17.1 KiB
Eggs illustration `div.link-block-bgimage-wrapper > div.field > span.field-item-single > img`	/sites/files/oxford/styles/ow_small_highlight/s3/disc_nat...	24.7 KiB	15.9 KiB
Greek frieze `div.link-block-bgimage-wrapper > div.field > span.field-item-single > img`	/sites/files/oxford/styles/ow_small_highlight/s3/disc_oup...	23.2 KiB	14.4 KiB
Oxplore equality `div.link-block-bgimage-wrapper > div.field > span.field-item-single > img`	/sites/files/oxford/styles/ow_small_highlight/s3/disc_oxp...	21.2 KiB	12.4 KiB
F1 car speeding by `div.link-block-bgimage-wrapper > div.field > span.field-item-single > img`	/sites/files/oxford/styles/ow_small_highlight/s3/disc_spa...	17.4 KiB	8.6 KiB
Oxford skyline in black and white `div.link-block-bgimage-wrapper > div.field > span.field-item-single > img`	/sites/files/oxford/styles/ow_small_highlight/s3/disc_oxf...	17.2 KiB	8.4 KiB
Kids in a museum `div.link-block-bgimage-wrapper > div.field > span.field-item-single > img`	/sites/files/oxford/styles/ow_small_highlight/s3/disc_his...	16.0 KiB	7.3 KiB
woman reading `div.link-block-bgimage-wrapper > div.field > span.field-item-single > img`	/sites/files/oxford/styles/ow_small_highlight/s3/disc_con...	15.7 KiB	7.2 KiB
Teenagers on mobile phones. Credit: Drazen Zigic, Getty Images `div.link-block-bgimage-wrapper > div.field > span.field-item-single > img`	/sites/files/oxford/styles/ow_listing/s3/field/field_imag...	14.8 KiB	5.9 KiB
Solar farm in Africa `div.link-block-bgimage-wrapper > div.field > span.field-item-single > img`	/sites/files/oxford/styles/ow_small_highlight/s3/disc_odi...	12.6 KiB	5.8 KiB
podcast human interface `div.link-block-bgimage-wrapper > div.field > span.field-item-single > img`	/sites/files/oxford/styles/ow_small_highlight/s3/disc_pod...	12.5 KiB	5.7 KiB
Oxford's women claim victory in the 2026 Boat Race `div.link-block-bgimage-wrapper > div.field > span.field-item-single > img`	/sites/files/oxford/styles/ow_listing/s3/field/field_imag...	14.5 KiB	5.5 KiB
Adult students in a seminar `ul.study-group-two > li.study-type > a > img.media-element`	www.ox.ac.uk/sites/files/oxford/st_ox_conted6.jpg	17.5 KiB	5.2 KiB
Space trash `div.link-block-bgimage-wrapper > div.field > span.field-item-single > img`	/sites/files/oxford/styles/ow_small_highlight/s3/disc_qua...	10.2 KiB	4.7 KiB
Artistic illustration depicting an ocean between 554 and 539 million years ago.… `div.link-block-bgimage-wrapper > div.field > span.field-item-single > img`	/sites/files/oxford/styles/ow_listing/s3/field/field_imag...	12.2 KiB	4.0 KiB

Optimize LCP by making the LCP image discoverable from the HTML immediately, and avoiding lazy-loading

lhId: page-0-IMG

nodeLabel: Two students sitting outside in college

path: 1,HTML,1,BODY,3,SECTION,1,SECTION,0,DIV,0,DIV,0,SECTION,0,SECTION,1,DIV,0,DIV,0,DIV,1,DIV,0,DIV,0,DIV,0,DIV,0,A,0,DIV,0,DIV,0,SPAN,0,DIV,0,IMG

selector: div.field > span.field-item-single > div.ds-1col > img

snippet: <img typeof="foaf:Image" src="https://www.ox.ac.uk/sites/files/oxford/styles/ow_large_feature/s3/bcar_ug…" width="1600" height="550" alt="Two students sitting outside in college">

Avoid chaining critical requests by reducing the length of chains, reducing the download size of resources, or deferring the download of unnecessary resources to improve page load.

title: Preconnected origins

value: no origins were preconnected

description: Add [preconnect](https://developer.chrome.com/docs/lighthouse/performance/uses-rel-preconnect/) hints to your most important origins, but try to use no more than 4.

title: Preconnect candidates

Requests are blocking the page's initial render, which may delay LCP. Deferring or inlining can move these network requests out of the critical path.

URL	Transfer Size	Duration
/sites/files/oxford/advagg_js/js__9q_RhUzRB9SYU1-amhF7x_i...	46.5 KiB	193 ms
/sites/files/oxford/advagg_js/js__ihdwYz7z62m5viS1EMhNOpB...	44.9 KiB	293 ms
/sites/files/oxford/advagg_js/js__z5ONFBC5kmHZRZuHWswENYj...	9.6 KiB	92 ms
/sites/files/oxford/advagg_js/js__g6HAL4XtohiHzS9CG4SIugq...	12.5 KiB	143 ms
/sites/files/oxford/advagg_js/js__9o6MTP80DXWHri8ze4nKy9q...	1.1 KiB	92 ms
/sites/files/oxford/advagg_css/css__WcyGoWryerB6FTiefeluO...	12.5 KiB	143 ms
/sites/files/oxford/advagg_css/css__MarV35vNLf0_XPV9JUJLb...	36.7 KiB	343 ms
/sites/files/oxford/advagg_css/css__Oz20qOQtvbB-9QPNXbkEm...	1.3 KiB	193 ms
/sites/files/oxford/advagg_css/css__spdjcEZR5oB7JDp-aKZkg...	5.0 KiB	193 ms
/sites/files/oxford/advagg_css/css__UY0etF999x6scvHTvffNH...	1.3 KiB	193 ms
/sites/files/oxford/advagg_css/css__OyUP6r6gWDd7g9HyyAPkK...	1.9 KiB	193 ms
/sites/files/oxford/advagg_css/css__BJ6Ou6QsBRtnFTmxaakam...	2.6 KiB	92 ms

These insights are also available in the Chrome DevTools Performance Panel - record a trace to view more detailed information.

Diagnostics

Minifying JavaScript files can reduce payload sizes and script parse time. Learn how to minify JavaScript.

Estimated savings: 40 ms 32.7 KiB

URL	Transfer Size	Est Savings
/sites/files/oxford/advagg_js/js__9q_RhUzRB9SYU1-amhF7x_i...	46.0 KiB	13.4 KiB
/sites/files/oxford/advagg_js/js__ihdwYz7z62m5viS1EMhNOpB...	44.4 KiB	9.6 KiB
/sites/files/oxford/advagg_js/js__z5ONFBC5kmHZRZuHWswENYj...	9.2 KiB	5.7 KiB
/sites/files/oxford/advagg_js/js__g6HAL4XtohiHzS9CG4SIugq...	12.0 KiB	4.0 KiB

Reduce unused rules from stylesheets and defer CSS not used for above-the-fold content to decrease bytes consumed by network activity. Learn how to reduce unused CSS.

Estimated savings: 40 ms 43.9 KiB

URL	Transfer Size	Est Savings
/sites/files/oxford/advagg_css/css__MarV35vNLf0_XPV9JUJLb...	36.2 KiB	32.0 KiB
/sites/files/oxford/advagg_css/css__WcyGoWryerB6FTiefeluO...	12.0 KiB	12.0 KiB

Reduce unused JavaScript and defer loading scripts until they are required to decrease bytes consumed by network activity. Learn how to reduce unused JavaScript.

Estimated savings: 120 ms 148.7 KiB

URL	Transfer Size	Est Savings
www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=GTM-TDB29T	137.7 KiB	66.1 KiB
cc.cdn.civiccomputing.com/9/cookieControl-9.x.min.js	123.0 KiB	57.1 KiB
/sites/files/oxford/advagg_js/js__9q_RhUzRB9SYU1-amhF7x_i...	46.0 KiB	25.5 KiB

More information about the performance of your application. These numbers don't directly affect the Performance score.

●Time to Interactive 2.4 s

●Max Potential First Input Delay 120 ms

●Layout shift culprits

●Document request latency

●Optimize DOM size

●Font display

●LCP breakdown

●Modern HTTP

●Optimize viewport for mobile

●Minify CSS

●Avoids enormous network payloads Total size was 1,557 KiB

●JavaScript execution time 0.4 s

●Minimizes main-thread work 1.0 s

●Avoid long main-thread tasks 4 long tasks found

●Image elements have explicit `width` and `height`

●Page didn't prevent back/forward cache restoration

●Network Requests

●Network Round Trip Times 10 ms

●Server Backend Latencies 160 ms

●Tasks

●Diagnostics

●Metrics

●Screenshot Thumbnails

●Final Screenshot

●Script Treemap Data

●Resources Summary

●Avoid multiple page redirects

●Initial server response time was short Root document took 50 ms

●Avoid large layout shifts 1 layout shift found

○INP breakdown

○User Timing marks and measures

○Avoid non-composited animations

Accessibility

Names and labels

When a button doesn't have an accessible name, screen readers announce it as "button", making it unusable for users who rely on screen readers. Learn how to make buttons more accessible.

Failing Elements
div.field > div.field > span.field-item-single > button.carousel-next-btn `div.field > div.field > span.field-item-single > button.carousel-next-btn`
div.field > div.field > span.field-item-single > button.carousel-prev-btn `div.field > div.field > span.field-item-single > button.carousel-prev-btn`
div.field > span.field-item-single > div.ds-1col > button.toggle-icon `div.field > span.field-item-single > div.ds-1col > button.toggle-icon`
div.field > span.field-item-single > div.ds-1col > button.toggle-icon `div.field > span.field-item-single > div.ds-1col > button.toggle-icon`
div.field > span.field-item-single > div.ds-1col > button.toggle-icon `div.field > span.field-item-single > div.ds-1col > button.toggle-icon`
div#node-oxweb-homepage-full-group-discover-carousel > div.field > span.field-item-single > button.carousel-next-btn `div#node-oxweb-homepage-full-group-discover-carousel > div.field > span.field-item-single > button.carousel-next-btn`
div#node-oxweb-homepage-full-group-discover-carousel > div.field > span.field-item-single > button.carousel-prev-btn `div#node-oxweb-homepage-full-group-discover-carousel > div.field > span.field-item-single > button.carousel-prev-btn`

These are opportunities to improve the semantics of the controls in your application. This may enhance the experience for users of assistive technology, like a screen reader.

○Interactive controls are keyboard focusable

○Interactive elements indicate their purpose and state

○The page has a logical tab order

○Visual order on the page follows DOM order

○User focus is not accidentally trapped in a region

○The user's focus is directed to new content added to the page

○HTML5 landmark elements are used to improve navigation

○Offscreen content is hidden from assistive technology

○Custom controls have associated labels

○Custom controls have ARIA roles

●`[aria-*]` attributes match their roles

●`[aria-hidden="true"]` is not present on the document `<body>`

●`[role]`s have all required `[aria-*]` attributes

●`[role]` values are valid

●`[aria-*]` attributes have valid values

●`[aria-*]` attributes are valid and not misspelled

●Image elements have `[alt]` attributes

●Input buttons have discernible text.

●Form elements have associated labels

●`[user-scalable="no"]` is not used in the `<meta name="viewport">` element and the `[maximum-scale]` attribute is not less than 5.

●ARIA attributes are used as specified for the element's role

●Elements with `role="dialog"` or `role="alertdialog"` have accessible names.

●`[aria-hidden="true"]` elements do not contain focusable descendents

●Elements use only permitted ARIA attributes

●Background and foreground colors have a sufficient contrast ratio

●Document has a `<title>` element

●`<html>` element has a `[lang]` attribute

●`<html>` element has a valid value for its `[lang]` attribute

●Links have a discernible name

●Lists contain only `<li>` elements and script supporting elements (`<script>` and `<template>`).

●List items (`<li>`) are contained within `<ul>`, `<ol>` or `<menu>` parent elements

●No element has a `[tabindex]` value greater than 0

●Touch targets have sufficient size and spacing.

●Heading elements appear in a sequentially-descending order

●Document has a main landmark.

●Deprecated ARIA roles were not used

○`[accesskey]` values are unique

○`button`, `link`, and `menuitem` elements have accessible names

○ARIA input fields have accessible names

○ARIA `meter` elements have accessible names

○ARIA `progressbar` elements have accessible names

○Elements with an ARIA `[role]` that require children to contain a specific `[role]` have all required children.

○`[role]`s are contained by their required parent element

○Elements with the `role=text` attribute do not have focusable descendents.

○ARIA toggle fields have accessible names

○ARIA `tooltip` elements have accessible names

○ARIA `treeitem` elements have accessible names

○The page contains a heading, skip link, or landmark region

○`<dl>`'s contain only properly-ordered `<dt>` and `<dd>` groups, `<script>`, `<template>` or `<div>` elements.

○Definition list items are wrapped in `<dl>` elements

○ARIA IDs are unique

○No form fields have multiple labels

○`<frame>` or `<iframe>` elements have a title

○`<html>` element has an `[xml:lang]` attribute with the same base language as the `[lang]` attribute.

○`<input type="image">` elements have `[alt]` text

○Links are distinguishable without relying on color.

○The document does not use `<meta http-equiv="refresh">`

○`<object>` elements have alternate text

○Select elements have associated label elements.

○Skip links are focusable.

○Cells in a `<table>` element that use the `[headers]` attribute refer to table cells within the same table.

○`<th>` elements and elements with `[role="columnheader"/"rowheader"]` have data cells they describe.

○`[lang]` attributes have a valid value

○`<video>` elements contain a `<track>` element with `[kind="captions"]`

○Tables have different content in the summary attribute and `<caption>`.

○All heading elements contain content.

○Uses ARIA roles only on compatible elements

○Image elements do not have `[alt]` attributes that are redundant text.

○Identical links have the same purpose.

○Elements with visible text labels have matching accessible names.

○Tables use `<caption>` instead of cells with the `[colspan]` attribute to indicate a caption.

○`<td>` elements in a large `<table>` have one or more table headers.

Best Practices

General

Deprecated APIs will eventually be removed from the browser. Learn more about deprecated APIs.

Deprecation / Warning	Source
AttributionReporting	sjs.bizographics.com/insight.min.js
Topics	sjs.bizographics.com/insight.min.js

●Uses HTTPS

●Avoids third-party cookies

●Allows users to paste into input fields

●Avoids requesting the geolocation permission on page load

●Avoids requesting the notification permission on page load

●Displays images with correct aspect ratio

●Serves images with appropriate resolution

●Page has the HTML doctype

●Properly defines charset

●No browser errors logged to the console

●No issues in the `Issues` panel in Chrome Devtools

●Ensure CSP is effective against XSS attacks

●Use a strong HSTS policy

●Ensure proper origin isolation with COOP

●Mitigate DOM-based XSS with Trusted Types

●Detected JavaScript libraries

●Page has valid source maps

○Redirects HTTP traffic to HTTPS

○Mitigate clickjacking with XFO or CSP

100

SEO

○Structured data is valid

●Page isn’t blocked from indexing

●Document has a `<title>` element

●Document has a meta description

●Page has successful HTTP status code

●Links have descriptive text

●Links are crawlable

●robots.txt is valid

●Image elements have `[alt]` attributes

●Document has a valid `hreflang`

●Document has a valid `rel=canonical`

Results for https://www.ox.ac.uk

Site Health

Top Priorities (5)

Lighthouse Scores

Core Web Vitals

Detailed Report

Performance

Insights

Diagnostics

Accessibility

Names and labels

Best Practices

User Experience

General

SEO

Lighthouse Scores

Core Web Vitals

Detailed Report

Performance

Insights

Diagnostics

Accessibility

Names and labels

Best Practices

General

SEO

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