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https://oxfordjournals.org

Performance

· 15 checks — Lighthouse + waterfall + sustainability rolled into one auditable list.
SCORE
90
GRADE
A
FIX
1
REVIEW
3
PASS
9
INFO
2

Performance-focused optimization plan with CWV assessment, top offenders, and time estimates

Mobile Desktop
96
Performance Overall performance score (0–100) based on Core Web Vitals and other metrics. 90+ is good.
90
Accessibility Measures how accessible the page is for users with disabilities. Checks color contrast, ARIA labels, and semantic HTML.
96
Best Practices Checks for modern web development best practices including HTTPS, no console errors, and secure JavaScript.
45
SEO Measures basic SEO optimizations: meta tags, crawlability, link text, and mobile friendliness.

First Contentful Paint First Contentful Paint — how long until the browser renders the first piece of content. Under 1.8s is good.

666 ms

Largest Contentful Paint Largest Contentful Paint — how long until the largest visible element loads. Under 2.5s is good.

1.28 s

Total Blocking Time Total Blocking Time — total time the main thread was blocked, preventing user input. Under 200ms is good.

60 ms

Cumulative Layout Shift Cumulative Layout Shift — measures visual stability. How much the page layout shifts during loading. Under 0.1 is good.

0.001

Speed Index Speed Index — how quickly content is visually displayed during load. Under 3.4s is good.

778 ms

Time to Interactive Time to Interactive — how long until the page is fully interactive and responds to user input. Under 3.8s is good.

1.28 s

Page Load Progression

439 ms
879 ms
1.3 s
1.8 s
2.2 s
2.6 s
3.1 s
3.5 s
Checks
15
9 PASS 3 REVIEW 1 FIX
D
Third-Party Impact
Action
100% third-party, 0 ms blocking
FIX
100% third-party, 0 ms blocking
Warning::
Third-party code accounts for 100% of page weight (488.3 KiB of 490.6 KiB)
Info::
Third-party blocking time is low (0 ms)
100%
First-party Third-party
B
JS Execution Cost
558ms total JS execution
REVIEW
558ms total JS execution
Warning::
https://academic.oup.com/cdn-cgi/challenge-platfor...: 486ms CPU time
Info::
Unattributable: 73ms CPU time
Warning::
Third-party scripts: 558ms (100% of total)

Main Thread Breakdown

Script Evaluation 78% Other 14%
ScriptTotalScriptingParse/CompileParty
https://academic.oup.com/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=9eff0cadde31d48d486ms464ms6ms3rd
Unattributable73ms2ms0ms3rd
C
Green Hosting
Action
Whether the site is served from green-energy infrastructure
REVIEW

Green Hosting

No green hosting detected

B
HTTP Caching
no-cache
REVIEW
no-cache
Info::
Cache-Control header is set
Got: no-cache
Info::
No ETag or Last-Modified header
Conditional requests (304 Not Modified) are not possible without validators.
Cache-Control

no-cache

DirectiveValueMeaning
no-cache—Cache but always revalidate first
A+
Page Weight Budget
491 KB transferred, 22 requests
PASS
491 KB transferred, 22 requests
Info::
Page weighs 911 KB (491 KB transferred)
Info::
22 HTTP requests
Info::
Estimated 0.10 g CO2 per page load
491 KB / 2.4 MB budget
491 KB transferred
22 requests
0.10 g CO2 per page load
Other 283.9 KiB 58%
HTML 98.9 KiB 20%
JavaScript 91.4 KiB 19%
Images 8.9 KiB 2%
Other 5.8 KiB 1%
Other 1.7 KiB 0%
0 2.4 MB 4.9 MB
Under budget
A+
Text Compression
All text resources are compressed
PASS
All text resources are compressed
Info::
All text resources are compressed
All text resources are properly compressed.
A
Image Optimization
3 images, 0 KB saveable
PASS
3 images, 0 KB saveable
Info::
All images are well-optimized
3 images 9 KB
0 oversized -0 KB
3 legacy format
0 missing dimensions CLS risk
A+
Font Loading
No web fonts (system fonts)
PASS
No web fonts (system fonts)
Info::
No web fonts loaded — system fonts are fastest
No web fonts loaded — system fonts are optimal.
A+
JS Bundles
8 scripts, 0 KB unused
PASS
8 scripts, 0 KB unused
0 KB unused JavaScript

Downloaded but never executed on this page.

ScriptSizeUnusedMinifiedParty
https://academic.oup.com/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=9eff0cadde31d48d74 KB—✓3rd
blob:https://academic.oup.com/aa0f61d4-a976-4585-a5b5-d806fba6401c0 KB—✓3rd
https://challenges.cloudflare.com/turnstile/v0/b/0b8fb825cb67/api.js?onload=cFRiY3&render=explicit17 KB—✓3rd
blob:https://academic.oup.com/c270c234-26a4-4d37-9fbc-0bef8e67576e-0 KB—✓3rd
blob:https://challenges.cloudflare.com/96d9ea1f-9740-4b4e-b103-05d2b48843f80 KB—✓3rd
blob:https://challenges.cloudflare.com/c92a18ab-e7c8-4f9c-8bd4-748e07442c66-0 KB—✓3rd
blob:https://challenges.cloudflare.com/c92a18ab-e7c8-4f9c-8bd4-748e07442c66-0 KB—✓3rd
blob:https://challenges.cloudflare.com/e132e61b-60ce-4019-99e1-e3fca35e01a6-0 KB—✓3rd
A+
Resource Caching
All resources properly cached
PASS
All resources properly cached
Info::
No caching issues found
All static resources have appropriate caching headers.
A+
Critical Rendering Path
No render-blocking resources
PASS
No render-blocking resources
Info::
No render-blocking resources detected
A+
Resource Hints
No optimization needed
PASS
No optimization needed
Info::
No resource hint issues
A
Page Weight Inventory
22 resources · 491 KB · 0 KB savings available
PASS
22 resources · 491 KB · 0 KB savings available
Info::
Within 1MB page-weight target
Got: 491 KB
Warning::
19 third-party resources (100% of weight)
Info::
1 resources over 200KB
22 resources · 490.6 KiB · 19 third-party Within 1MB page-weight target
Other 58% · 285.7 KiB
Document 21% · 104.6 KiB
JavaScript 19% · 91.4 KiB
Image 2% · 8.9 KiB
Network Waterfall
22 requests over 3441ms
INFO
0 ms 1.0 s 2.0 s 3.0 s FCP 666 ms LCP 1.3 shttps://oxfordjournals.org// https://oxfordjournals.org/ — 200 — 1.5 KiB — 348 ms — h2https://oxfordjournals.org// https://oxfordjournals.org/ — 301 — 433 B — 117 ms — h2https://academic.oup.com/[Journals:]academic.oup.com/[Journals:] https://academic.oup.com/[Journals:] — 307 — 68 B — 23 ms — http/1.1https://oxfordjournals.org// https://oxfordjournals.org/ — 301 — 433 B — 117 ms — h2https://academic.oup.com/[Journals:]academic.oup.com/[Journals:] https://academic.oup.com/[Journals:] — 403 — 4.0 KiB — 7 ms — h2https://academic.oup.com/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=9eff0cadde31d48dacademic.oup.com/cdn-cgi/challenge-... https://academic.oup.com/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=9eff0cadde31d48d — 200 — 74.1 KiB — 19 ms — h2blob:https://academic.oup.com/aa0f61d4-a976-4585-a5b5-d806fba6401cacademic.oup.com/aa0f61d4-a976-4585... blob:https://academic.oup.com/aa0f61d4-a976-4585-a5b5-d806fba6401c — -1 — 0 B — 0 ms — https://challenges.cloudflare.com/turnstile/v0/b/0b8fb825cb67/api.js?onload=cFRiY3&render=explicitchallenges.cloudflare.com/turnstile... https://challenges.cloudflare.com/turnstile/v0/b/0b8fb825cb67/api.js?onload=cFRiY3&render=explicit — 200 — 17.4 KiB — 21 ms — h3https://academic.oup.com/favicon.icoacademic.oup.com/favicon.ico https://academic.oup.com/favicon.ico — 403 — 5.9 KiB — 11 ms — h2https://academic.oup.com/favicon.icoacademic.oup.com/favicon.ico https://academic.oup.com/favicon.ico — 403 — 4.9 KiB — 8 ms — h2https://academic.oup.com/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/flow/ov1/2861708471:1776798608:ErqmkTBsxeuPEUEQ-nj3Qg5gifcpzcridMS7hc7f-HQ/9eff0cadde31d48d/AiYlWD3GJQrR89RfqptBe7hjusmMYlw4Ri2wWHNW3D8-1776802408-1.2.1.1-mPDOBtXL0moLeDu7F5ht.bGDWMTxshc5JDZuXfTilOrJo97TeDXMAxMR8s30HhKqacademic.oup.com/cdn-cgi/challenge-... https://academic.oup.com/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/flow/ov1/2861708471:1776798608:ErqmkTBsxeuPEUEQ-nj3Qg5gifcpzcridMS7hc7f-HQ/9eff0cadde31d48d/AiYlWD3GJQrR89RfqptBe7hjusmMYlw4Ri2wWHNW3D8-1776802408-1.2.1.1-mPDOBtXL0moLeDu7F5ht.bGDWMTxshc5JDZuXfTilOrJo97TeDXMAxMR8s30HhKq — 200 — 13.8 KiB — 23 ms — h2blob:https://academic.oup.com/c270c234-26a4-4d37-9fbc-0bef8e67576eacademic.oup.com/c270c234-26a4-4d37... blob:https://academic.oup.com/c270c234-26a4-4d37-9fbc-0bef8e67576e — 200 — -1 B — 53 ms — blobhttps://challenges.cloudflare.com/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/turnstile/f/ov2/av0/rch/bnicr/0x4AAAAAAADnPIDROrmt1Wwj/light/fbE/new/normal?lang=autochallenges.cloudflare.com/cdn-cgi/c... https://challenges.cloudflare.com/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/turnstile/f/ov2/av0/rch/bnicr/0x4AAAAAAADnPIDROrmt1Wwj/light/fbE/new/normal?lang=auto — 200 — 93.4 KiB — 36 ms — h3https://challenges.cloudflare.com/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/cmg/1challenges.cloudflare.com/cdn-cgi/c... https://challenges.cloudflare.com/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/cmg/1 — 200 — 208 B — 8 ms — h3blob:https://challenges.cloudflare.com/96d9ea1f-9740-4b4e-b103-05d2b48843f8challenges.cloudflare.com/96d9ea1f-... blob:https://challenges.cloudflare.com/96d9ea1f-9740-4b4e-b103-05d2b48843f8 — -1 — 0 B — 0 ms — https://challenges.cloudflare.com/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/flow/ov1/1903685616:1776798609:2mBkH0c1QanQ_dZT3befYwdTaacqrcigMbTTBv3MVeo/9eff0cb038d01cf5/8s4OyDpONnXHagToZ5sQK2fswcvajQYK2g9ULEueDDU-1776802408-1.2.1.1-MGyf69PPcIg9XZOJgHamulwzSUEeVqhZVGlw1f7DF46t_b4HM2UDqAzzqBIJj3qlchallenges.cloudflare.com/cdn-cgi/c... https://challenges.cloudflare.com/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/flow/ov1/1903685616:1776798609:2mBkH0c1QanQ_dZT3befYwdTaacqrcigMbTTBv3MVeo/9eff0cb038d01cf5/8s4OyDpONnXHagToZ5sQK2fswcvajQYK2g9ULEueDDU-1776802408-1.2.1.1-MGyf69PPcIg9XZOJgHamulwzSUEeVqhZVGlw1f7DF46t_b4HM2UDqAzzqBIJj3ql — 200 — 247.3 KiB — 153 ms — h3blob:https://challenges.cloudflare.com/c92a18ab-e7c8-4f9c-8bd4-748e07442c66challenges.cloudflare.com/c92a18ab-... blob:https://challenges.cloudflare.com/c92a18ab-e7c8-4f9c-8bd4-748e07442c66 — 200 — -1 B — 104 ms — blobhttps://challenges.cloudflare.com/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/d/9eff0cb038d01cf5/1776802409341/dWOIN_fN1ogHCo1challenges.cloudflare.com/cdn-cgi/c... https://challenges.cloudflare.com/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/d/9eff0cb038d01cf5/1776802409341/dWOIN_fN1ogHCo1 — 200 — 2.8 KiB — 10 ms — h3https://challenges.cloudflare.com/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/pat/9eff0cb038d01cf5/1776802409341/cbb8033fce1a2778a0711fc7f6002637c01dd239112948b38a7f696abc305de9/MA8bOv17sjPgh88challenges.cloudflare.com/cdn-cgi/c... https://challenges.cloudflare.com/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/pat/9eff0cb038d01cf5/1776802409341/cbb8033fce1a2778a0711fc7f6002637c01dd239112948b38a7f696abc305de9/MA8bOv17sjPgh88 — 401 — 1.7 KiB — 9 ms — h3blob:https://challenges.cloudflare.com/c92a18ab-e7c8-4f9c-8bd4-748e07442c66challenges.cloudflare.com/c92a18ab-... blob:https://challenges.cloudflare.com/c92a18ab-e7c8-4f9c-8bd4-748e07442c66 — 200 — -1 B — 27 ms — blobhttps://challenges.cloudflare.com/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/flow/ov1/1903685616:1776798609:2mBkH0c1QanQ_dZT3befYwdTaacqrcigMbTTBv3MVeo/9eff0cb038d01cf5/8s4OyDpONnXHagToZ5sQK2fswcvajQYK2g9ULEueDDU-1776802408-1.2.1.1-MGyf69PPcIg9XZOJgHamulwzSUEeVqhZVGlw1f7DF46t_b4HM2UDqAzzqBIJj3qlchallenges.cloudflare.com/cdn-cgi/c... https://challenges.cloudflare.com/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/flow/ov1/1903685616:1776798609:2mBkH0c1QanQ_dZT3befYwdTaacqrcigMbTTBv3MVeo/9eff0cb038d01cf5/8s4OyDpONnXHagToZ5sQK2fswcvajQYK2g9ULEueDDU-1776802408-1.2.1.1-MGyf69PPcIg9XZOJgHamulwzSUEeVqhZVGlw1f7DF46t_b4HM2UDqAzzqBIJj3ql — 200 — 22.8 KiB — 43 ms — h3blob:https://challenges.cloudflare.com/e132e61b-60ce-4019-99e1-e3fca35e01a6challenges.cloudflare.com/e132e61b-... blob:https://challenges.cloudflare.com/e132e61b-60ce-4019-99e1-e3fca35e01a6 — 200 — -1 B — 21 ms — blob
HTML JavaScript CSS Images Fonts XHR/Fetch Other
Third-Party Script Cost
Per-script blocking time, transfer cost, and cache headers
INFO
100% of JavaScript execution is third-party
First-party Third-party 558ms · 74KB · $7/mo
academic.oup.com
Other
Costly
Execution 486ms
Transfer 74 KB
Monthly Cost $6/mo
Unattributable
Other
Optional
Execution 73ms
Transfer 0 KB
Monthly Cost $1/mo

These scripts may cost more than they're worth

  • academic.oup.com adds 486ms and costs ~$6/month

100% of JavaScript execution time is spent on third-party scripts. Consider auditing which scripts are essential.

Why this matters

When third-party JS execution time exceeds your own, performance gains from frontend work are capped by code you don't own.

Learn more ▾

Every millisecond of third-party JS competes with your own for main-thread time. If their share is bigger than yours, optimization on your code base barely moves the needle. Audit, defer, or remove third-parties before further frontend optimization. Use Lighthouse's third-party audit to identify the worst offenders.

Source: web.dev

academic.oup.com takes 486ms of CPU time. Consider loading it asynchronously or replacing it with a lighter alternative.

Why this matters

This script has high main-thread execution time — optimize hot paths or defer.

Source: web.dev

How third-party costs are calculated

All checks on this page are automated. Results are estimates - run targeted manual reviews when the score affects a release decision.

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