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Performance

· 15 checks — Lighthouse + waterfall + sustainability rolled into one auditable list.
SCORE
71
GRADE
C
FIX
6
REVIEW
1
PASS
6
INFO
2

Performance-focused optimization plan with CWV assessment, top offenders, and time estimates

Mobile Desktop
54
Performance Overall performance score (0–100) based on Core Web Vitals and other metrics. 90+ is good.
87
Accessibility Measures how accessible the page is for users with disabilities. Checks color contrast, ARIA labels, and semantic HTML.
81
Best Practices Checks for modern web development best practices including HTTPS, no console errors, and secure JavaScript.
77
SEO Measures basic SEO optimizations: meta tags, crawlability, link text, and mobile friendliness.

First Contentful Paint First Contentful Paint — how long until the browser renders the first piece of content. Under 1.8s is good.

1.69 s

Largest Contentful Paint Largest Contentful Paint — how long until the largest visible element loads. Under 2.5s is good.

4.06 s

Total Blocking Time Total Blocking Time — total time the main thread was blocked, preventing user input. Under 200ms is good.

315 ms

Cumulative Layout Shift Cumulative Layout Shift — measures visual stability. How much the page layout shifts during loading. Under 0.1 is good.

0.037

Speed Index Speed Index — how quickly content is visually displayed during load. Under 3.4s is good.

2.57 s

Time to Interactive Time to Interactive — how long until the page is fully interactive and responds to user input. Under 3.8s is good.

4.55 s

Page Load Progression

682 ms
1.4 s
2.0 s
2.7 s
3.4 s
4.1 s
4.8 s
5.5 s
Checks
15
6 PASS 1 REVIEW 6 FIX
F
Page Weight Budget
Action
2.7 MB transferred, 170 requests
FIX
2.7 MB transferred, 170 requests
Warning::
Page weighs 8.9 MB (2.7 MB transferred)
Warning::
JavaScript is 1.6 MB — consider code splitting or lazy loading
Large JavaScript bundles delay interactivity. Split code by route or defer non-critical scripts.
Got: 1.6 MB
Info::
Fonts are 358 KB — consider subsetting or using system fonts
Subset fonts to include only used characters, or switch to system font stacks.
Got: 358 KB
Warning::
170 HTTP requests — consider bundling or reducing
Each request adds latency. Bundle small files, use sprites, or eliminate unnecessary requests.
Info::
Estimated 0.56 g CO2 per page load
2.7 MB / 2.4 MB budget
2.7 MB transferred
170 requests
0.56 g CO2 per page load
JavaScript 1.6 MiB 60%
Images 420.0 KiB 15%
Fonts 358.0 KiB 13%
CSS 88.0 KiB 3%
Other 85.1 KiB 3%
HTML 60.3 KiB 2%
Other 54.9 KiB 2%
Other 26.2 KiB 1%
Other 692 B 0%
Other 0 B 0%
0 2.4 MB 4.9 MB
Over budget

Large JavaScript bundles delay interactivity. Split code by route or defer non-critical scripts.

Why this matters

JavaScript bundle is large — code-split routes and lazy-load off-screen components to defer.

Source: web.dev

Subset fonts to include only used characters, or switch to system font stacks.

Why this matters

Font payload is large — subset to used glyphs only, or fall back to system fonts (zero load time).

Source: web.dev font loading

Each request adds latency. Bundle small files, use sprites, or eliminate unnecessary requests.

Why this matters

High HTTP request count — bundling, sprite-ing, and HTTP/2 server push can reduce per-request overhead.

Source: web.dev

D
Third-Party Impact
Action
98% third-party, 0 ms blocking
FIX
98% third-party, 0 ms blocking
Warning::
Third-party code accounts for 98% of page weight (2.6 MiB of 2.7 MiB)
Info::
Third-party blocking time is low (0 ms)
98%
First-party Third-party
D
JS Execution Cost
Action
3444ms total JS execution
FIX
3444ms total JS execution
Warning::
https://jamanetwork.com/: 835ms CPU time
Warning::
Unattributable: 537ms CPU time
Warning::
https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/pagead/mana...: 283ms CPU time
Warning::
https://cdn.jamanetwork.com/UI/app/vendor/jquery-3...: 275ms CPU time
Info::
https://r451.jamanetwork.com/script.js: 217ms CPU time
Warning::
Third-party scripts: 2504ms (73% of total)

Main Thread Breakdown

Script Evaluation 60% Other 16% Style & Layout 9% Rendering 6% Script Parsing & Compilation 5%
ScriptTotalScriptingParse/CompileParty
https://jamanetwork.com/835ms193ms9ms1st
Unattributable537ms178ms0ms3rd
https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/pagead/managed/js/gpt/m202604170101/pubads_impl.js?cb=31097963283ms215ms30ms3rd
https://cdn.jamanetwork.com/UI/app/vendor/jquery-3.4.1.min.js?v=639102344110797911275ms206ms5ms3rd
https://r451.jamanetwork.com/script.js217ms202ms5ms3rd
https://api.b2c.com/api/init-384qixmcp2s94lcpe6l.js?journal=jamanetw196ms185ms1ms3rd
https://cdn.quantummetric.com/qscripts/quantum-ama.js174ms136ms10ms3rd
https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/managed/js/activeview/current/ufs_web_display.js161ms137ms19ms3rd
https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=GTM-WNKSNP142ms118ms18ms3rd
https://api.b2c.com/api/init-3133s13tyvo448eled2.js132ms122ms1ms3rd

Showing top 10 of 16 scripts

F
JS Bundles
Action
37 scripts, 577 KB unused
FIX
37 scripts, 577 KB unused
Warning::
https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/pagead/mana...: 97 KB unused (52%)
Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code.
Warning::
https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-NGYQ...: 68 KB unused (40%)
Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code.
Warning::
https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-CXRF...: 65 KB unused (41%)
Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code.
Warning::
https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-B4FW...: 65 KB unused (41%)
Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code.
Warning::
https://cdn.cookielaw.org/scripttemplates/202503.1...: 61 KB unused (53%)
Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code.
Info::
Total unused JavaScript: 577 KB
577 KB unused JavaScript

Downloaded but never executed on this page.

ScriptSizeUnusedMinifiedParty
https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/pagead/managed/js/gpt/m202604170101/pubads_impl.js?cb=31097963187 KB97 KB (52%)✓3rd
https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-NGYQD9R7ZM&cx=c&gtm=4e64h1170 KB68 KB (40%)✓3rd
https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-CXRFQ9PGSH&cx=c&gtm=4e64h1158 KB65 KB (41%)✓3rd
https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-B4FWHWKMEB&cx=c&gtm=4e64h1158 KB65 KB (41%)✓3rd
https://cdn.cookielaw.org/scripttemplates/202503.1.0/otBannerSdk.js116 KB61 KB (53%)✓3rd
https://cdn.jamanetwork.com/UI/app/dist/app.min.js?v=63911619338219493884 KB56 KB (67%)✓3rd
https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=GTM-WNKSNP149 KB51 KB (34%)✓3rd
https://cdn.quantummetric.com/qscripts/quantum-ama.js110 KB31 KB (28%)✓3rd
https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/managed/js/activeview/current/ufs_web_display.js0 KB30 KB (41%)✓3rd
https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/managed/js/activeview/current/ufs_web_display.js73 KB30 KB (41%)✓3rd

Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code.

Why this matters

This bundle has high unused code — code-split or tree-shake to ship only what executes.

Source: web.dev / Lighthouse coverage

Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code.

Why this matters

This bundle has high unused code — code-split or tree-shake to ship only what executes.

Source: web.dev / Lighthouse coverage

Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code.

Why this matters

This bundle has high unused code — code-split or tree-shake to ship only what executes.

Source: web.dev / Lighthouse coverage

Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code.

Why this matters

This bundle has high unused code — code-split or tree-shake to ship only what executes.

Source: web.dev / Lighthouse coverage

Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code.

Why this matters

This bundle has high unused code — code-split or tree-shake to ship only what executes.

Source: web.dev / Lighthouse coverage

F
Page Weight Inventory
Action
170 resources · 2.7 MB · 577 KB savings available
FIX
170 resources · 2.7 MB · 577 KB savings available
Warning::
Page weight 1.7 MB over 1MB target
Got: 2.7 MB Expected: ≤ 1 MB
Info::
~577 KB of savings available
Warning::
156 third-party resources (98% of weight)
170 resources · 2.7 MiB · 156 third-party 1.7 MiB over 1MB target
JavaScript 60% · 1.6 MiB
Image 15% · 424.8 KiB
Font 13% · 358.0 KiB
Other 6% · 152.6 KiB
CSS 3% · 92.3 KiB
Document 2% · 65.3 KiB

~577.2 KiB of savings available

Remove unused JavaScript: 577.2 KiB
F
HTTP Caching
Action
No cache headers
FIX
No cache headers
Warning::
No Cache-Control header found
Browsers will use heuristic caching, which can be unpredictable. Set explicit cache headers.

No Cache-Control header

Adding a Cache-Control header can significantly improve repeat-visit performance.

C
Image Optimization
Action
23 images, 0 KB saveable
REVIEW
23 images, 0 KB saveable
Warning::
https://cdn.jamanetwork.com/ImageLibrary/Marketing... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift
Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.
Warning::
https://cdn.jamanetwork.com/UI/app/svg/jn-logo-rgb... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift
Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.
23 images 420 KB
0 oversized -0 KB
22 legacy format
2 missing dimensions CLS risk

Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.

Why this matters

Image without explicit width/height — browser can't reserve space; CLS jumps when image loads.

Source: web.dev / Core Web Vitals

Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.

Why this matters

Image without explicit width/height — browser can't reserve space; CLS jumps when image loads.

Source: web.dev / Core Web Vitals

A+
Text Compression
All text resources are compressed
PASS
All text resources are compressed
Info::
All text resources are compressed
All text resources are properly compressed.
A+
Font Loading
14 fonts (358 KB)
PASS
14 fonts (358 KB)
Info::
14 font(s) use font-display: swap (FOUT risk but functional)

Web fonts

14

358 KB total

Render-blocking

0

of 14

Dominant font-display

swap

Most common across fonts

Font loading timeline
Transfer FOIT (block) FOUT (swap)
0 ms 1.0 s 2.0 s 3.0 s 4.0 s FCP 1.7 s LCP 4.1 shttps://cdn.jamanetwork.com/UI/app/fonts/GuardianTextSans-Regular-Web.woffGuardianTextSans-Regula... https://cdn.jamanetwork.com/UI/app/fonts/GuardianTextSans-Regular-Web.woff — 49.8 KiB — 36 ms — font-display: swaphttps://cdn.jamanetwork.com/UI/app/icons/fonts/ama_icons.ttf?gw8tpzama_icons.ttf https://cdn.jamanetwork.com/UI/app/icons/fonts/ama_icons.ttf?gw8tpz — 35.5 KiB — 8 ms — font-display: swaphttps://cdn.jamanetwork.com/UI/app/fonts/GuardianTextSans-Medium-Web.woffGuardianTextSans-Medium... https://cdn.jamanetwork.com/UI/app/fonts/GuardianTextSans-Medium-Web.woff — 48.9 KiB — 21 ms — font-display: swaphttps://cdn.jamanetwork.com/UI/app/fonts/GuardianTextSans-Bold-Web.woffGuardianTextSans-Bold-W... https://cdn.jamanetwork.com/UI/app/fonts/GuardianTextSans-Bold-Web.woff — 52.7 KiB — 21 ms — font-display: swaphttps://cdn.jamanetwork.com/UI/app/fonts/GuardianTextSans-RegularIt-Web.woffGuardianTextSans-Regula... https://cdn.jamanetwork.com/UI/app/fonts/GuardianTextSans-RegularIt-Web.woff — 55.4 KiB — 27 ms — font-display: swaphttps://cdn.jamanetwork.com/UI/app/fonts/GuardianTextSans-BoldIt-Web.woffGuardianTextSans-BoldIt... https://cdn.jamanetwork.com/UI/app/fonts/GuardianTextSans-BoldIt-Web.woff — 61.4 KiB — 28 ms — font-display: swaphttps://cdn.jamanetwork.com/UI/app/fonts/GuardianTextSans-MediumIt-Web.woffGuardianTextSans-Medium... https://cdn.jamanetwork.com/UI/app/fonts/GuardianTextSans-MediumIt-Web.woff — 54.3 KiB — 29 ms — font-display: swaphttps://cdn.jamanetwork.com/UI/app/icons/fonts/ama_icons.ttf?gw8tpzama_icons.ttf https://cdn.jamanetwork.com/UI/app/icons/fonts/ama_icons.ttf?gw8tpz — 0 B — 0 ms — font-display: swaphttps://cdn.jamanetwork.com/UI/app/fonts/GuardianTextSans-Regular-Web.woffGuardianTextSans-Regula... https://cdn.jamanetwork.com/UI/app/fonts/GuardianTextSans-Regular-Web.woff — 0 B — 0 ms — font-display: swaphttps://cdn.jamanetwork.com/UI/app/fonts/GuardianTextSans-RegularIt-Web.woffGuardianTextSans-Regula... https://cdn.jamanetwork.com/UI/app/fonts/GuardianTextSans-RegularIt-Web.woff — 0 B — 0 ms — font-display: swaphttps://cdn.jamanetwork.com/UI/app/fonts/GuardianTextSans-Medium-Web.woffGuardianTextSans-Medium... https://cdn.jamanetwork.com/UI/app/fonts/GuardianTextSans-Medium-Web.woff — 0 B — 0 ms — font-display: swaphttps://cdn.jamanetwork.com/UI/app/fonts/GuardianTextSans-MediumIt-Web.woffGuardianTextSans-Medium... https://cdn.jamanetwork.com/UI/app/fonts/GuardianTextSans-MediumIt-Web.woff — 0 B — 0 ms — font-display: swaphttps://cdn.jamanetwork.com/UI/app/fonts/GuardianTextSans-Bold-Web.woffGuardianTextSans-Bold-W... https://cdn.jamanetwork.com/UI/app/fonts/GuardianTextSans-Bold-Web.woff — 0 B — 0 ms — font-display: swaphttps://cdn.jamanetwork.com/UI/app/fonts/GuardianTextSans-BoldIt-Web.woffGuardianTextSans-BoldIt... https://cdn.jamanetwork.com/UI/app/fonts/GuardianTextSans-BoldIt-Web.woff — 0 B — 0 ms — font-display: swap
GuardianTextSans-Regula... woff swap
Size 50 KB
Load time 36 ms
Start 747 ms
Risk FOUT — text flashes from fallback to web font
  • Convert to woff2 for ~30% smaller file size
ama_icons.ttf ttf swap
Size 36 KB
Load time 8 ms
Start 934 ms
Risk FOUT — text flashes from fallback to web font
  • Convert to woff2 for ~30% smaller file size
GuardianTextSans-Medium... woff swap
Size 49 KB
Load time 21 ms
Start 935 ms
Risk FOUT — text flashes from fallback to web font
  • Convert to woff2 for ~30% smaller file size
GuardianTextSans-Bold-W... woff swap
Size 53 KB
Load time 21 ms
Start 935 ms
Risk FOUT — text flashes from fallback to web font
  • Convert to woff2 for ~30% smaller file size
GuardianTextSans-Regula... woff swap
Size 55 KB
Load time 27 ms
Start 935 ms
Risk FOUT — text flashes from fallback to web font
  • Convert to woff2 for ~30% smaller file size
GuardianTextSans-BoldIt... woff swap
Size 61 KB
Load time 28 ms
Start 935 ms
Risk FOUT — text flashes from fallback to web font
  • Convert to woff2 for ~30% smaller file size
GuardianTextSans-Medium... woff swap
Size 54 KB
Load time 29 ms
Start 936 ms
Risk FOUT — text flashes from fallback to web font
  • Convert to woff2 for ~30% smaller file size
ama_icons.ttf ttf swap
Size 0 KB
Load time 0 ms
Start 3.3 s
Risk FOUT — text flashes from fallback to web font
  • Convert to woff2 for ~30% smaller file size
GuardianTextSans-Regula... woff swap
Size 0 KB
Load time 0 ms
Start 3.3 s
Risk FOUT — text flashes from fallback to web font
  • Convert to woff2 for ~30% smaller file size
GuardianTextSans-Regula... woff swap
Size 0 KB
Load time 0 ms
Start 3.3 s
Risk FOUT — text flashes from fallback to web font
  • Convert to woff2 for ~30% smaller file size
GuardianTextSans-Medium... woff swap
Size 0 KB
Load time 0 ms
Start 3.3 s
Risk FOUT — text flashes from fallback to web font
  • Convert to woff2 for ~30% smaller file size
GuardianTextSans-Medium... woff swap
Size 0 KB
Load time 0 ms
Start 3.3 s
Risk FOUT — text flashes from fallback to web font
  • Convert to woff2 for ~30% smaller file size
GuardianTextSans-Bold-W... woff swap
Size 0 KB
Load time 0 ms
Start 3.3 s
Risk FOUT — text flashes from fallback to web font
  • Convert to woff2 for ~30% smaller file size
GuardianTextSans-BoldIt... woff swap
Size 0 KB
Load time 0 ms
Start 3.3 s
Risk FOUT — text flashes from fallback to web font
  • Convert to woff2 for ~30% smaller file size
Optimization checklist
  • Preload critical fonts (priority=high)
  • Use woff2 format for all fonts
  • Set font-display to swap, optional, or fallback
  • Subset large fonts (≤100 KB each)

Fixing the unchecked items could save ~107 KB and ~214 ms

A+
Resource Caching
All resources properly cached
PASS
All resources properly cached
Info::
No caching issues found
All static resources have appropriate caching headers.
A+
Critical Rendering Path
No render-blocking resources
PASS
No render-blocking resources
Info::
No render-blocking resources detected
A+
Resource Hints
No optimization needed
PASS
No optimization needed
Info::
No resource hint issues
A+
Green Hosting
Whether the site is served from green-energy infrastructure
PASS

Green Hosting

This site is hosted on green energy infrastructure

Provider: Cloudflare

Network Waterfall
170 requests over 5707ms
INFO
0 ms 1.0 s 2.0 s 3.0 s 4.0 s 5.0 s FCP 1.7 s LCP 4.1 shttps://jamanetwork.com// https://jamanetwork.com/ — 307 — 65 B — 27 ms — http/1.1https://jamanetwork.com// https://jamanetwork.com/ — 200 — 49.6 KiB — 721 ms — h2https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/tag/js/gpt.jssecurepubads.g.doubleclick.net/tag/... https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/tag/js/gpt.js — 200 — 33.6 KiB — 125 ms — h3https://cdn.jamanetwork.com/UI/app/dist/app.min.css?v=639116192498826604cdn.jamanetwork.com/UI/app/dist/app... https://cdn.jamanetwork.com/UI/app/dist/app.min.css?v=639116192498826604 — 200 — 82.5 KiB — 28 ms — h2https://cdn.jamanetwork.com/UI/app/dist/head.min.js?v=639116192958682418cdn.jamanetwork.com/UI/app/dist/hea... https://cdn.jamanetwork.com/UI/app/dist/head.min.js?v=639116192958682418 — 200 — 5.1 KiB — 21 ms — h2https://cdn.jamanetwork.com/UI/app/svg/journals/jamanetwork_brandingcolor.svgcdn.jamanetwork.com/UI/app/svg/jour... https://cdn.jamanetwork.com/UI/app/svg/journals/jamanetwork_brandingcolor.svg — 200 — 2.0 KiB — 22 ms — h2https://cdn.jamanetwork.com/UI/app/svg/jn-logo-rgb.svgcdn.jamanetwork.com/UI/app/svg/jn-l... https://cdn.jamanetwork.com/UI/app/svg/jn-logo-rgb.svg — 200 — 2.3 KiB — 24 ms — h2https://cdn.jamanetwork.com/data/CSSUploads/jamanetwork-ec-options-2026.css?versionId=88513cdn.jamanetwork.com/data/CSSUploads... https://cdn.jamanetwork.com/data/CSSUploads/jamanetwork-ec-options-2026.css?versionId=88513 — 200 — 1.8 KiB — 6 ms — h2https://r451.jamanetwork.com/script.jsr451.jamanetwork.com/script.js https://r451.jamanetwork.com/script.js — 200 — 41.8 KiB — 286 ms — h2https://cdn.jamanetwork.com/ImageLibrary/jama/2026/260418-jama-ec-7x10-900.jpg?versionId=88513cdn.jamanetwork.com/ImageLibrary/ja... https://cdn.jamanetwork.com/ImageLibrary/jama/2026/260418-jama-ec-7x10-900.jpg?versionId=88513 — 200 — 92.7 KiB — 7 ms — h2https://cdn.jamanetwork.com/UI/app/fonts/GuardianTextSans-Regular-Web.woffcdn.jamanetwork.com/UI/app/fonts/Gu... https://cdn.jamanetwork.com/UI/app/fonts/GuardianTextSans-Regular-Web.woff — 200 — 49.8 KiB — 36 ms — h2https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/pagead/managed/js/gpt/m202604170101/pubads_impl.js?cb=31097963securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/page... https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/pagead/managed/js/gpt/m202604170101/pubads_impl.js?cb=31097963 — 200 — 187.4 KiB — 36 ms — h3https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=GTM-WNKSNPwww.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=... https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=GTM-WNKSNP — 200 — 148.7 KiB — 260 ms — h2https://cdn.jamanetwork.com/ImageLibrary/channels/publications/250331-jama-feature-cover-9x10-900.jpg?versionId=88357cdn.jamanetwork.com/ImageLibrary/ch... https://cdn.jamanetwork.com/ImageLibrary/channels/publications/250331-jama-feature-cover-9x10-900.jpg?versionId=88357 — 200 — 142.3 KiB — 25 ms — h2https://cdn.jamanetwork.com/ImageLibrary/MarketingImages/jcc/get-there-1024.svg?versionId=71239cdn.jamanetwork.com/ImageLibrary/Ma... https://cdn.jamanetwork.com/ImageLibrary/MarketingImages/jcc/get-there-1024.svg?versionId=71239 — 200 — 29.9 KiB — 44 ms — h2https://cdn.jamanetwork.com/ImageLibrary/global/jn-signature-reversed-r.svg?versionId=88504cdn.jamanetwork.com/ImageLibrary/gl... https://cdn.jamanetwork.com/ImageLibrary/global/jn-signature-reversed-r.svg?versionId=88504 — 200 — 2.3 KiB — 26 ms — h2https://cdn.jamanetwork.com/UI/app/img/powered.pngcdn.jamanetwork.com/UI/app/img/powe... https://cdn.jamanetwork.com/UI/app/img/powered.png — 200 — 7.8 KiB — 27 ms — h2https://cdn.jamanetwork.com/UI/app/svg/seamless-access.svgcdn.jamanetwork.com/UI/app/svg/seam... https://cdn.jamanetwork.com/UI/app/svg/seamless-access.svg — 200 — 1.4 KiB — 29 ms — h2https://cdn.jamanetwork.com/UI/app/vendor/jquery-3.4.1.min.js?v=639102344110797911cdn.jamanetwork.com/UI/app/vendor/j... 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h2https://analytics.google.com/g/collect?v=2&tid=G-B4FWHWKMEB&gtm=45je64h1v890045359z86696247za20gzb6696247zd6696247&_p=1776797918154&gcs=G11-&gcd=13v3l3l3l5l1&npa=0&dma=0&gdid=dYWJhMj&_eu=AAAAAGQ&are=1&cid=1936014932.1776797920&frm=0&pscdl=noapi&rcb=18&sr=800x600&uaa=x86&uab=64&uafvl=Not-A.Brand%3B24.0.0.0%7CChromium%3B146.0.7680.164&uam=&uamb=0&uap=macOS&uapv=10.15.7&uaw=0&ul=en-us&_s=3&tag_exp=0~115616985~115938465~115938469~117266401~117512542&dt=JAMA%20Network&dl=https%3A%2F%2Fjamanetwork.com%2F&sid=1776797920&sct=1&seg=0&en=dialogue_view&_c=1&ep.page_subdomain=&ep.page_query=&ep.productName=JAMA%20Network&ep.logged_in_status=Not%20logged%20in&ep.activity_doi=N%2FA&ep.multimedia_doi=n%2Fa&epn.event_id=106&ep.main_topic=Home%20of%20JAMA%20and%20the%20Specialty%20Journals%20of%20the%20American%20Medical%20Association&ep.document_title=JAMA%20Network%20%7C%20Home%20of%20JAMA%20and%20the%20Specialty%20Journals%20of%20the%20American%20Medical%20Association&ep.user_agent=Mozilla%2F5.0%20(Macintosh%3B%20Intel%20Mac%20OS%20X%2010_15_7)%20AppleWebKit%2F537.36%20(KHTML%2C%20like%20Gecko)%20Chrome%2F146.0.0.0%20Safari%2F537.36&ep.dialogue_title=%5BPOSTUP%5D%20JAMA%20Network%20Email%20Collector&ep.dialogue_variant=Variant%20A&ep.dialogue_variantId=50cbc585-f01b-4ffd-ba8b-0407a01a56ea&ep.dialogue_dialogueId=822d4784-682f-413e-8971-f61e92f52143&_et=533&up.BCProfileID=59a738a3-2dd0-4980-8e28-f5cbd40afe1a&tfd=3736analytics.google.com/g/collect?v=2&... https://analytics.google.com/g/collect?v=2&tid=G-B4FWHWKMEB&gtm=45je64h1v890045359z86696247za20gzb6696247zd6696247&_p=1776797918154&gcs=G11-&gcd=13v3l3l3l5l1&npa=0&dma=0&gdid=dYWJhMj&_eu=AAAAAGQ&are=1&cid=1936014932.1776797920&frm=0&pscdl=noapi&rcb=18&sr=800x600&uaa=x86&uab=64&uafvl=Not-A.Brand%3B24.0.0.0%7CChromium%3B146.0.7680.164&uam=&uamb=0&uap=macOS&uapv=10.15.7&uaw=0&ul=en-us&_s=3&tag_exp=0~115616985~115938465~115938469~117266401~117512542&dt=JAMA%20Network&dl=https%3A%2F%2Fjamanetwork.com%2F&sid=1776797920&sct=1&seg=0&en=dialogue_view&_c=1&ep.page_subdomain=&ep.page_query=&ep.productName=JAMA%20Network&ep.logged_in_status=Not%20logged%20in&ep.activity_doi=N%2FA&ep.multimedia_doi=n%2Fa&epn.event_id=106&ep.main_topic=Home%20of%20JAMA%20and%20the%20Specialty%20Journals%20of%20the%20American%20Medical%20Association&ep.document_title=JAMA%20Network%20%7C%20Home%20of%20JAMA%20and%20the%20Specialty%20Journals%20of%20the%20American%20Medical%20Association&ep.user_agent=Mozilla%2F5.0%20(Macintosh%3B%20Intel%20Mac%20OS%20X%2010_15_7)%20AppleWebKit%2F537.36%20(KHTML%2C%20like%20Gecko)%20Chrome%2F146.0.0.0%20Safari%2F537.36&ep.dialogue_title=%5BPOSTUP%5D%20JAMA%20Network%20Email%20Collector&ep.dialogue_variant=Variant%20A&ep.dialogue_variantId=50cbc585-f01b-4ffd-ba8b-0407a01a56ea&ep.dialogue_dialogueId=822d4784-682f-413e-8971-f61e92f52143&_et=533&up.BCProfileID=59a738a3-2dd0-4980-8e28-f5cbd40afe1a&tfd=3736 — 204 — 57 B — 59 ms — h2https://r451.jamanetwork.com/DG/DEFAULT/rest/rpc/268?referer=https%3A%2F%2Fjamanetwork.com%2F&bcsessionid=59a738a3-2dd0-4980-8e28-f5cbd40afe1a&bctempid=&overruleReferrer=&time=2026-04-21T18%3A58%3A41%2B00%3A00&ts=1776797921161r451.jamanetwork.com/DG/DEFAULT/res... https://r451.jamanetwork.com/DG/DEFAULT/rest/rpc/268?referer=https%3A%2F%2Fjamanetwork.com%2F&bcsessionid=59a738a3-2dd0-4980-8e28-f5cbd40afe1a&bctempid=&overruleReferrer=&time=2026-04-21T18%3A58%3A41%2B00%3A00&ts=1776797921161 — 200 — 1.1 KiB — 126 ms — h2https://ingest.quantummetric.com/horizon/ama?T=B&u=https%3A%2F%2Fjamanetwork.com%2F&t=1776797920360&v=1776797921030&H=e0c8e76943d526a6daa53755&s=362e800bc64e5bb464b4b33c9661196a&Q=1&Y=1&X=21c85f084a6a4ad9854864331d89f598&S=0&b=208&z=1ingest.quantummetric.com/horizon/am... https://ingest.quantummetric.com/horizon/ama?T=B&u=https%3A%2F%2Fjamanetwork.com%2F&t=1776797920360&v=1776797921030&H=e0c8e76943d526a6daa53755&s=362e800bc64e5bb464b4b33c9661196a&Q=1&Y=1&X=21c85f084a6a4ad9854864331d89f598&S=0&b=208&z=1 — 200 — 14 B — 297 ms — h3https://ingest.quantummetric.com/horizon/ama?T=B&u=https%3A%2F%2Fjamanetwork.com%2F&t=1776797920360&v=1776797921031&H=e0c8e76943d526a6daa53755&s=362e800bc64e5bb464b4b33c9661196a&Q=1&Y=1&X=aa55322921554ffd9bd7cfc8a4759d5f&S=0&b=377&z=1ingest.quantummetric.com/horizon/am... https://ingest.quantummetric.com/horizon/ama?T=B&u=https%3A%2F%2Fjamanetwork.com%2F&t=1776797920360&v=1776797921031&H=e0c8e76943d526a6daa53755&s=362e800bc64e5bb464b4b33c9661196a&Q=1&Y=1&X=aa55322921554ffd9bd7cfc8a4759d5f&S=0&b=377&z=1 — 200 — 14 B — 245 ms — h3https://bam.nr-data.net/events/1/8d76ca6f26?a=237359554&v=1.313.0&to=ZQBRMkVUCEtRVkINXlxKcjVnGg9WVFBOSlBBFUs%3D&rst=3799&ck=0&s=1f0a9da7a49a29df&ref=https://jamanetwork.com/&ptid=4da79d6b9aa00156bam.nr-data.net/events/1/8d76ca6f26... https://bam.nr-data.net/events/1/8d76ca6f26?a=237359554&v=1.313.0&to=ZQBRMkVUCEtRVkINXlxKcjVnGg9WVFBOSlBBFUs%3D&rst=3799&ck=0&s=1f0a9da7a49a29df&ref=https://jamanetwork.com/&ptid=4da79d6b9aa00156 — 200 — 363 B — 155 ms — http/1.1https://bam.nr-data.net/jserrors/1/8d76ca6f26?a=237359554&v=1.313.0&to=ZQBRMkVUCEtRVkINXlxKcjVnGg9WVFBOSlBBFUs%3D&rst=3807&ck=0&s=1f0a9da7a49a29df&ref=https://jamanetwork.com/&ptid=4da79d6b9aa00156bam.nr-data.net/jserrors/1/8d76ca6f... https://bam.nr-data.net/jserrors/1/8d76ca6f26?a=237359554&v=1.313.0&to=ZQBRMkVUCEtRVkINXlxKcjVnGg9WVFBOSlBBFUs%3D&rst=3807&ck=0&s=1f0a9da7a49a29df&ref=https://jamanetwork.com/&ptid=4da79d6b9aa00156 — 200 — 363 B — 188 ms — http/1.1https://bam.nr-data.net/events/1/8d76ca6f26?a=237359554&v=1.313.0&to=ZQBRMkVUCEtRVkINXlxKcjVnGg9WVFBOSlBBFUs%3D&rst=3810&ck=0&s=1f0a9da7a49a29df&ref=https://jamanetwork.com/&ptid=4da79d6b9aa00156bam.nr-data.net/events/1/8d76ca6f26... https://bam.nr-data.net/events/1/8d76ca6f26?a=237359554&v=1.313.0&to=ZQBRMkVUCEtRVkINXlxKcjVnGg9WVFBOSlBBFUs%3D&rst=3810&ck=0&s=1f0a9da7a49a29df&ref=https://jamanetwork.com/&ptid=4da79d6b9aa00156 — 200 — 363 B — 260 ms — http/1.1https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/bg/jtP_XiYJVGkSVlMywOQWuZPksZRFmK02Z9iBbZJRvFI.jspagead2.googlesyndication.com/bg/jt... https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/bg/jtP_XiYJVGkSVlMywOQWuZPksZRFmK02Z9iBbZJRvFI.js — 200 — 21.8 KiB — 81 ms — h3https://ingest.quantummetric.com/horizon/ama?T=B&u=https%3A%2F%2Fjamanetwork.com%2F&t=1776797920360&v=1776797921171&H=e0c8e76943d526a6daa53755&s=362e800bc64e5bb464b4b33c9661196a&Q=1&Y=1&X=5704cd69c82b478fb29abd6c3874d1a0&S=261461&b=646&z=1ingest.quantummetric.com/horizon/am... https://ingest.quantummetric.com/horizon/ama?T=B&u=https%3A%2F%2Fjamanetwork.com%2F&t=1776797920360&v=1776797921171&H=e0c8e76943d526a6daa53755&s=362e800bc64e5bb464b4b33c9661196a&Q=1&Y=1&X=5704cd69c82b478fb29abd6c3874d1a0&S=261461&b=646&z=1 — 200 — 14 B — 174 ms — h3https://ingest.quantummetric.com/horizon/ama?T=B&u=https%3A%2F%2Fjamanetwork.com%2F&t=1776797920360&v=1776797921175&H=e0c8e76943d526a6daa53755&s=362e800bc64e5bb464b4b33c9661196a&Q=1&Y=1&X=98e024b0624747609b362c21134c480a&S=261461&b=185&z=1ingest.quantummetric.com/horizon/am... https://ingest.quantummetric.com/horizon/ama?T=B&u=https%3A%2F%2Fjamanetwork.com%2F&t=1776797920360&v=1776797921175&H=e0c8e76943d526a6daa53755&s=362e800bc64e5bb464b4b33c9661196a&Q=1&Y=1&X=98e024b0624747609b362c21134c480a&S=261461&b=185&z=1 — 200 — 14 B — 186 ms — h3https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/sodar?id=sodar2&v=254&li=gpt_m202604170101&jk=5430146479061918&rc=pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagea... https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/sodar?id=sodar2&v=254&li=gpt_m202604170101&jk=5430146479061918&rc= — 204 — 17 B — 59 ms — h3https://ingest.quantummetric.com/horizon/ama?T=B&u=https%3A%2F%2Fjamanetwork.com%2F&t=1776797920360&v=1776797921189&H=e0c8e76943d526a6daa53755&s=362e800bc64e5bb464b4b33c9661196a&Q=1&Y=1&X=392bb18c170245fa8c5669057c34ad74&S=261461&b=174&z=1ingest.quantummetric.com/horizon/am... https://ingest.quantummetric.com/horizon/ama?T=B&u=https%3A%2F%2Fjamanetwork.com%2F&t=1776797920360&v=1776797921189&H=e0c8e76943d526a6daa53755&s=362e800bc64e5bb464b4b33c9661196a&Q=1&Y=1&X=392bb18c170245fa8c5669057c34ad74&S=261461&b=174&z=1 — 200 — 14 B — 181 ms — h3https://ingest.quantummetric.com/horizon/ama?T=B&u=https%3A%2F%2Fjamanetwork.com%2F&t=1776797920360&v=1776797921189&H=e0c8e76943d526a6daa53755&s=362e800bc64e5bb464b4b33c9661196a&Q=1&Y=1&X=95a43301691943aa88cd8f99768efc08&S=261461&b=189&z=1ingest.quantummetric.com/horizon/am... https://ingest.quantummetric.com/horizon/ama?T=B&u=https%3A%2F%2Fjamanetwork.com%2F&t=1776797920360&v=1776797921189&H=e0c8e76943d526a6daa53755&s=362e800bc64e5bb464b4b33c9661196a&Q=1&Y=1&X=95a43301691943aa88cd8f99768efc08&S=261461&b=189&z=1 — 200 — 14 B — 172 ms — h3https://ingest.quantummetric.com/horizon/ama?T=B&u=https%3A%2F%2Fjamanetwork.com%2F&t=1776797920360&v=1776797921334&H=e0c8e76943d526a6daa53755&s=362e800bc64e5bb464b4b33c9661196a&Q=1&Y=1&X=cb47a6a0ea5f4244a1f570be9bb4bc74&S=261838&b=968&z=1ingest.quantummetric.com/horizon/am... https://ingest.quantummetric.com/horizon/ama?T=B&u=https%3A%2F%2Fjamanetwork.com%2F&t=1776797920360&v=1776797921334&H=e0c8e76943d526a6daa53755&s=362e800bc64e5bb464b4b33c9661196a&Q=1&Y=1&X=cb47a6a0ea5f4244a1f570be9bb4bc74&S=261838&b=968&z=1 — 200 — 14 B — 198 ms — h3https://ingest.quantummetric.com/horizon/ama?T=B&u=https%3A%2F%2Fjamanetwork.com%2F&t=1776797920360&v=1776797921335&H=e0c8e76943d526a6daa53755&s=362e800bc64e5bb464b4b33c9661196a&Q=1&Y=1&X=53b576372a6046d181cf08780f26b5de&S=261838&b=185&z=1ingest.quantummetric.com/horizon/am... https://ingest.quantummetric.com/horizon/ama?T=B&u=https%3A%2F%2Fjamanetwork.com%2F&t=1776797920360&v=1776797921335&H=e0c8e76943d526a6daa53755&s=362e800bc64e5bb464b4b33c9661196a&Q=1&Y=1&X=53b576372a6046d181cf08780f26b5de&S=261838&b=185&z=1 — 200 — 14 B — 173 ms — h3https://ep2.adtrafficquality.google/generate_204?IDcXYQep2.adtrafficquality.google/generat... https://ep2.adtrafficquality.google/generate_204?IDcXYQ — 204 — 40 B — 7 ms — h2https://ep1.adtrafficquality.google/pagead/sodar?id=sodar2&v=254&t=2&li=gpt_m202604170101&jk=5430146479061918&bg=!WFulWznNAAY2C5OeFgs7AEcBe5WfOKm53yrKYiGYr31UdtfuAxI8M9VDsiqLZndh_zScXI-8yzDPXNyEeoaOcJa-j7ejOmcVpF11bgQO_wlGzGcQIL4AnAIAAACZUgAAAAxoAQd-ADePT_W3sa9SAmEi2feMOPcPX2ZMsBDdWL7YHjGgvcpIuTT9p4sQT5jcA9ac9E61KDfYd9SM5pVfmQKhM-8PhiEaTC6GiCfnG3tyOGCNOBx75W2rZanmsKEJWdrnnNHoxAPWYSSynS1PSWWao8jUa4dG-PlBgEVtmXqjdTZJsNKAIiMKYjgsM0yWGP3RwBkFTiggfaUKTUj4qe07Uzdmyf-4QxAedMHrdnbqlhmPQPYNUvDl5jmOinrdn4gIT21kuXUaSmaL2yz3NAnXuQEquQ3dseaTaivowbAJIB1EdDeyGDjL4uoQ2UFf7CS4oxZyJu5QiXM_ILbeyig26z3QkZgp2bqZ0vZ8LfzF70KCqsKcWKxZRGsiMm8Dmub6mjXIqwlXDxxeev0Y6RfmEebu8JeD6FngGeRnQ6DjiyDMldwtpv9lc2nhKugn_W5FbukFUfP6eQ9kkzkP3m1Y-8vEIb4PTY_1oROs6BRjab8ViVuBcvGmNjpu1NoQrha5E8QDCtRFSxtpHr_mwTvJbrsY3L9hKgrZ4dKjra_cflZa2RQA9qKoanrRzUWglEYP9QGqKyhuW0gbs8YwSHNm93kg_CY-_MyfrDJqZLdUB10Ck7WsPl5X7ftvQYVBdJo6_VxCvqH0VdN5Dy07UlqXqnagdfYV_nx0stbQ9jT59MR-34iQWR3xo28RZlAscdz5X61hV6D0axAnN2TaG75MELAGCeoKSb_pLWDETa7SNqKAZkMvZ88AYGikdXWrng_tpMzalQ35R-EkGXEFFIxSjq0cZ8oHdaDQ8a8v27QwHoepX0TBY4yddQ5ax8leNDNt593L_Yb9EEDAlpZgrIFvEcclTpGSZp1ni2pi43isrjD2k1-M0Cx4fOfw5g2GBRVsn15PXTOV9D3gYBNIEJCTvk4GeWoWxlMb-4Pkx4eWq2YanGBIKfqnf_mun9WdXOZrXfM3mrHBES1fUlOvfUuhLwep1.adtrafficquality.google/pagead/... https://ep1.adtrafficquality.google/pagead/sodar?id=sodar2&v=254&t=2&li=gpt_m202604170101&jk=5430146479061918&bg=!WFulWznNAAY2C5OeFgs7AEcBe5WfOKm53yrKYiGYr31UdtfuAxI8M9VDsiqLZndh_zScXI-8yzDPXNyEeoaOcJa-j7ejOmcVpF11bgQO_wlGzGcQIL4AnAIAAACZUgAAAAxoAQd-ADePT_W3sa9SAmEi2feMOPcPX2ZMsBDdWL7YHjGgvcpIuTT9p4sQT5jcA9ac9E61KDfYd9SM5pVfmQKhM-8PhiEaTC6GiCfnG3tyOGCNOBx75W2rZanmsKEJWdrnnNHoxAPWYSSynS1PSWWao8jUa4dG-PlBgEVtmXqjdTZJsNKAIiMKYjgsM0yWGP3RwBkFTiggfaUKTUj4qe07Uzdmyf-4QxAedMHrdnbqlhmPQPYNUvDl5jmOinrdn4gIT21kuXUaSmaL2yz3NAnXuQEquQ3dseaTaivowbAJIB1EdDeyGDjL4uoQ2UFf7CS4oxZyJu5QiXM_ILbeyig26z3QkZgp2bqZ0vZ8LfzF70KCqsKcWKxZRGsiMm8Dmub6mjXIqwlXDxxeev0Y6RfmEebu8JeD6FngGeRnQ6DjiyDMldwtpv9lc2nhKugn_W5FbukFUfP6eQ9kkzkP3m1Y-8vEIb4PTY_1oROs6BRjab8ViVuBcvGmNjpu1NoQrha5E8QDCtRFSxtpHr_mwTvJbrsY3L9hKgrZ4dKjra_cflZa2RQA9qKoanrRzUWglEYP9QGqKyhuW0gbs8YwSHNm93kg_CY-_MyfrDJqZLdUB10Ck7WsPl5X7ftvQYVBdJo6_VxCvqH0VdN5Dy07UlqXqnagdfYV_nx0stbQ9jT59MR-34iQWR3xo28RZlAscdz5X61hV6D0axAnN2TaG75MELAGCeoKSb_pLWDETa7SNqKAZkMvZ88AYGikdXWrng_tpMzalQ35R-EkGXEFFIxSjq0cZ8oHdaDQ8a8v27QwHoepX0TBY4yddQ5ax8leNDNt593L_Yb9EEDAlpZgrIFvEcclTpGSZp1ni2pi43isrjD2k1-M0Cx4fOfw5g2GBRVsn15PXTOV9D3gYBNIEJCTvk4GeWoWxlMb-4Pkx4eWq2YanGBIKfqnf_mun9WdXOZrXfM3mrHBES1fUlOvfUuhLw — 204 — 17 B — 111 ms — h3https://rl.quantummetric.com/ama/hash-checkrl.quantummetric.com/ama/hash-check https://rl.quantummetric.com/ama/hash-check — 204 — 0 B — 432 ms — h2https://rl.quantummetric.com/ama/hash-checkrl.quantummetric.com/ama/hash-check https://rl.quantummetric.com/ama/hash-check — 200 — 387 B — 141 ms — h2
HTML JavaScript CSS Images Fonts XHR/Fetch Other
Third-Party Script Cost
Per-script blocking time, transfer cost, and cache headers
INFO
73% of JavaScript execution is third-party
First-party Third-party 2504ms · 1155KB · $33/mo
Unattributable
Other
Costly
Execution 537ms
Transfer 0 KB
Monthly Cost $7/mo
securepubads.g.doubleclick.net
Other
Costly
Execution 283ms
Transfer 187 KB
Unused 52%
Monthly Cost $4/mo
cdn.jamanetwork.com
Other
Costly
Execution 275ms
Transfer 31 KB
Monthly Cost $4/mo
r451.jamanetwork.com
Other
Costly
Execution 217ms
Transfer 42 KB
Monthly Cost $3/mo
api.b2c.com
Other
Optional
Execution 196ms
Transfer 0 KB
Monthly Cost $3/mo
cdn.quantummetric.com
Other
Optional
Execution 174ms
Transfer 110 KB
Unused 28%
Monthly Cost $2/mo
pagead2.googlesyndication.com
Other
Optional
Execution 161ms
Transfer 0 KB
Unused 41%
Monthly Cost $2/mo
Google Tag Manager
Tag Manager
Optional
Execution 142ms
Transfer 149 KB
Unused 34%
Monthly Cost $2/mo
api.b2c.com
Other
Optional
Execution 132ms
Transfer 7 KB
Monthly Cost $2/mo
Google Tag Manager
Tag Manager
Optional
Execution 110ms
Transfer 158 KB
Unused 41%
Monthly Cost $1/mo
OneTrust
Consent
Essential
Execution 83ms
Transfer 116 KB
Unused 53%
Monthly Cost $1/mo
js-agent.newrelic.com
Other
Optional
Execution 67ms
Transfer 28 KB
Monthly Cost $1/mo
Google Tag Manager
Tag Manager
Optional
Execution 65ms
Transfer 170 KB
Unused 40%
Monthly Cost $1/mo
Google Tag Manager
Tag Manager
Optional
Execution 64ms
Transfer 158 KB
Unused 41%
Monthly Cost $1/mo

These scripts may cost more than they're worth

  • Unattributable adds 537ms and costs ~$7/month
  • securepubads.g.doubleclick.net adds 283ms and costs ~$4/month
  • cdn.jamanetwork.com adds 275ms and costs ~$4/month
  • r451.jamanetwork.com adds 217ms and costs ~$3/month

73% of JavaScript execution time is spent on third-party scripts. Consider auditing which scripts are essential.

Why this matters

When third-party JS execution time exceeds your own, performance gains from frontend work are capped by code you don't own.

Learn more ▾

Every millisecond of third-party JS competes with your own for main-thread time. If their share is bigger than yours, optimization on your code base barely moves the needle. Audit, defer, or remove third-parties before further frontend optimization. Use Lighthouse's third-party audit to identify the worst offenders.

Source: web.dev

Unattributable takes 537ms of CPU time. Consider loading it asynchronously or replacing it with a lighter alternative.

Why this matters

This script has high main-thread execution time — optimize hot paths or defer.

Source: web.dev

securepubads.g.doubleclick.net takes 283ms of CPU time. Consider loading it asynchronously or replacing it with a lighter alternative.

Why this matters

This script has high main-thread execution time — optimize hot paths or defer.

Source: web.dev

52% of securepubads.g.doubleclick.net's code is unused. The script may be loading features you don't use.

Why this matters

Bundle has high unused-code ratio — tree-shaking and route-splitting recover the wasted bytes.

Source: web.dev

cdn.jamanetwork.com takes 275ms of CPU time. Consider loading it asynchronously or replacing it with a lighter alternative.

Why this matters

This script has high main-thread execution time — optimize hot paths or defer.

Source: web.dev

r451.jamanetwork.com takes 217ms of CPU time. Consider loading it asynchronously or replacing it with a lighter alternative.

Why this matters

This script has high main-thread execution time — optimize hot paths or defer.

Source: web.dev

53% of OneTrust's code is unused. The script may be loading features you don't use.

Why this matters

Bundle has high unused-code ratio — tree-shaking and route-splitting recover the wasted bytes.

Source: web.dev

How third-party costs are calculated

All checks on this page are automated. Results are estimates - run targeted manual reviews when the score affects a release decision.

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