Security - https://www.medium.com BeaverCheck Audit

F

Subresource Integrity

Action

0 of 1 external resources have SRI

FIX

0 of 1 external resources have SRI

External script from challenges.cloudflare.com lacks integrity attribute

Without SRI, if this CDN is compromised, attackers could inject malicious code.

Got: https://challenges.cloudflare.com/turnstile/v0/g/fe6331af5207/api.js?onload=kwkA1&render=explicit

SRI Coverage 0 / 1 of external resources have integrity hashes

Tag	Domain	Integrity
<script>	challenges.cloudflare.com	✗ Missing

F

Email Security

Action

no DMARC, no SPF

FIX

no DMARC, no SPF

No DMARC record found

Without DMARC, email receivers have no policy for handling authentication failures. Add a TXT record at _dmarc.<domain> starting with v=DMARC1.

No SPF record found

Without SPF (Sender Policy Framework), receivers can't tell which servers are authorized to send mail for your domain. Add a TXT record at the apex starting with v=spf1, ending in -all.

No DKIM detected via common selectors

DKIM signs outbound mail to prove origin. We probed common selectors (default, google, selector1, etc.) without finding a record. If you use a non-standard selector, this is a false negative.

MTA-STS not configured

MTA-STS forces inbound mail to use TLS, preventing downgrade attacks. Requires both a TXT record at _mta-sts.<domain> and a policy file at https://mta-sts.<domain>/.well-known/mta-sts.txt.

TLS-RPT not configured

TLS-RPT (RFC 8460) lets MTAs report TLS-handshake failures, so you can detect and fix MTA-STS misconfigurations. Add a TXT record at _smtp._tls.<domain>.

BIMI not configured

BIMI (Brand Indicators for Message Identification) lets supporting clients (Gmail, Apple Mail, Yahoo) display your verified logo next to your messages. Optional but raises trust signals. Requires DMARC at p=quarantine or p=reject to be honored.

DMARC

No DMARC record found

Without DMARC, email receivers have no policy for handling authentication failures from your domain.

Without DMARC, email receivers have no policy for handling authentication failures. Add a TXT record at _dmarc.<domain> starting with v=DMARC1.

Why this matters

Without DMARC, anyone can send phishing emails using your domain name.

Learn more ▾

DMARC tells receiving mail servers what to do with email that fails SPF/DKIM checks for your domain. With a strict 'p=reject' policy, spoofed emails get bounced; without it they reach the inbox. Domains used in phishing campaigns lose deliverability and brand trust fast.

Source: DMARC.org / NIST

Without SPF (Sender Policy Framework), receivers can't tell which servers are authorized to send mail for your domain. Add a TXT record at the apex starting with v=spf1, ending in -all.

Why this matters

Security gaps expose your site and users to attacks, eroding trust.

DKIM signs outbound mail to prove origin. We probed common selectors (default, google, selector1, etc.) without finding a record. If you use a non-standard selector, this is a false negative.

Why this matters

No DKIM signature on outbound mail — receivers can't cryptographically prove the message came from your domain.

Learn more ▾

DKIM signs outbound mail with a private key whose public half lives in DNS at <selector>._domainkey.<domain>. Without DKIM, DMARC alone can't tell legitimate mail from spoofs, and large mailbox providers (Gmail, Yahoo) increasingly require DKIM for inbox placement. Note: this check probes a curated list of common selectors; non-standard selectors produce a false negative.

Source: RFC 6376 / Google + Yahoo 2024 sender requirements

MTA-STS forces inbound mail to use TLS, preventing downgrade attacks. Requires both a TXT record at _mta-sts.<domain> and a policy file at https://mta-sts.<domain>/.well-known/mta-sts.txt.

Why this matters

Without MTA-STS, inbound mail can be silently downgraded to plain SMTP by a network attacker.

Learn more ▾

MTA-STS (RFC 8461) tells sending mail servers to use TLS and to refuse delivery if TLS fails. Requires both a TXT record at _mta-sts.<domain> AND a policy file at https://mta-sts.<domain>/.well-known/mta-sts.txt. Without it, an active attacker on the network path can strip STARTTLS and read the email in plaintext.

Source: RFC 8461

TLS-RPT (RFC 8460) lets MTAs report TLS-handshake failures, so you can detect and fix MTA-STS misconfigurations. Add a TXT record at _smtp._tls.<domain>.

Why this matters

Without TLS-RPT, you have no visibility into inbound TLS failures — MTA-STS misconfigurations stay hidden until users complain.

Learn more ▾

TLS-RPT (RFC 8460) is the feedback channel for MTA-STS: senders post aggregate reports of TLS-handshake failures to the URI in your _smtp._tls TXT record. Without it, an MTA-STS misconfiguration silently rejects mail and you find out only when someone notices missing email.

Source: RFC 8460

BIMI (Brand Indicators for Message Identification) lets supporting clients (Gmail, Apple Mail, Yahoo) display your verified logo next to your messages. Optional but raises trust signals. Requires DMARC at p=quarantine or p=reject to be honored.

Why this matters

Security gaps expose your site and users to attacks, eroding trust.

C

Content Security Policy

Action

6 of 10 CSP checks passed

REVIEW

6 of 10 CSP checks passed

Raw CSP policy

Got: default-src 'none'; script-src 'nonce-1CMCrLq4MCsrpaLI2aUbw8' 'unsafe-eval' https://challenges.cloudflare.com; script-src-attr 'none'; style-src 'unsafe-inline'; img-src 'self' https://challenges.cloudflare.com; connect-src 'self' https://challenges.cloudflare.com; frame-src 'self' https://challenges.cloudflare.com blob:; child-src 'self' https://challenges.cloudflare.com blob:; worker-src blob:; form-action http: https:; base-uri 'self'

default-src directive is set

Got: default-src 'none'

No 'unsafe-inline' in script source

'unsafe-eval' found in script source

'unsafe-eval' allows eval() and similar functions, enabling code injection. Remove it.

Got: script-src 'nonce-1CMCrLq4MCsrpaLI2aUbw8' 'unsafe-eval' https://challenges.cloudflare.com

No wildcard in script source

object-src falls back to default-src

base-uri is properly restricted

Got: base-uri 'self'

frame-ancestors directive is missing

frame-ancestors controls who can embed your page, preventing clickjacking. Set it to 'self' or 'none'.

Expected: frame-ancestors 'self'

form-action directive is set

Got: form-action http: https:

upgrade-insecure-requests is not set

This directive upgrades HTTP resources to HTTPS automatically, preventing mixed content.

Expected: upgrade-insecure-requests

'unsafe-eval' allows eval() and similar functions, enabling code injection. Remove it.

Why this matters

Unsafe value (unsafe-inline, unsafe-eval) in script-src defeats CSP's main protection — XSS injections can execute again.

Learn more ▾

unsafe-inline allows inline <script> tags; unsafe-eval allows eval() and similar. Both are necessary for some legacy code but explicitly dangerous. Migrate to nonces (per-page random tokens) or hashes (per-script SHA-256) instead.

Source: OWASP CSP / MDN

frame-ancestors controls who can embed your page, preventing clickjacking. Set it to 'self' or 'none'.

Expected: frame-ancestors 'self'

Why this matters

Security gaps expose your site and users to attacks, eroding trust.

This directive upgrades HTTP resources to HTTPS automatically, preventing mixed content.

Expected: upgrade-insecure-requests

Why this matters

Without upgrade-insecure-requests, any HTTP subresource link survives as a mixed-content warning instead of auto-upgrading.

Learn more ▾

Adding `upgrade-insecure-requests` to your CSP turns every http:// subresource fetch into https:// at the browser layer. One-line defense against accidental mixed content from legacy links or third-party widgets.

Source: MDN CSP

Parsed Policy

default-src 'none'

script-src 'nonce-1CMCrLq4MCsrpaLI2aUbw8''unsafe-eval'https://challenges.cloudflare.com

script-src-attr 'none'

style-src 'unsafe-inline'

img-src 'self'https://challenges.cloudflare.com

connect-src 'self'https://challenges.cloudflare.com

frame-src 'self'https://challenges.cloudflare.comblob:

child-src 'self'https://challenges.cloudflare.comblob:

worker-src blob:

form-action http:https:

base-uri 'self'

C

security.txt

Action

No security.txt file found

REVIEW

No security.txt file found

security.txt (RFC 9116) provides a standardized way for security researchers to report vulnerabilities. Create one at /.well-known/security.txt with at least a Contact field.

Expected: /.well-known/security.txt

security.txt

No security.txt found at /.well-known/security.txt

B

CSP Inline-Style Readiness

2 inline style attribute(s) detected

REVIEW

2 inline style attribute(s) detected

Each `style=""` attribute forces `style-src 'unsafe-inline'` in any Content-Security-Policy, which negates most of CSP's XSS-mitigation value. 2 inline style(s) is low. Affected element types include: div. Move styles to a stylesheet; use CSS custom properties for runtime-dynamic values; or adopt a nonce/hash CSP policy. Most teams take the stylesheet path because it's also a maintainability win.

B

Trusted Types (XSS Sink Hardening)

Trusted Types not enabled

REVIEW

Trusted Types not enabled

Trusted Types (CSP3) is a Chrome 83+ defense that requires DOM-XSS sinks (innerHTML, document.write, eval, ...) to receive a typed-and-sanitized value rather than a raw string. Adding `Content-Security-Policy: require-trusted-types-for 'script'; trusted-types default` neutralizes most DOM-XSS even when a payload reaches a sink. Adoption is currently ~0.1% of pages so this is informational; a roll-out usually starts in report-only mode.

B

CORS Configuration

No CORS headers

REVIEW

No CORS headers

No CORS headers present — secure default

CORS Configuration ✓ Secure

No CORS headers detected.

Cross-origin requests are blocked by browser same-origin policy.

Origin reflection test

Some servers mirror the request Origin header, which can be exploited. Test manually:

curl -sI -H "Origin: https://evil.com" <url> | grep -i access-control

A+

Security Headers

10 of 10 headers properly configured

PASS

10 of 10 headers properly configured

Strict-Transport-Security is properly configured

Got: max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains; preload

X-Content-Type-Options is properly configured

Got: nosniff

X-Frame-Options is properly configured

Got: SAMEORIGIN

Referrer-Policy is properly configured

Got: same-origin

Permissions-Policy is set

Got: accelerometer=(),browsing-topics=(),camera=(),clipboard-read=(),clipboard-write=(),geolocation=(),gyroscope=(),hid=(),interest-cohort=(),magnetometer=(),microphone=(),payment=(),publickey-credentials-get=(),screen-wake-lock=(),serial=(),sync-xhr=(),usb=(),xr-spatial-tracking=(self)

Content-Security-Policy is present

Got: default-src 'none'; script-src 'nonce-1CMCrLq4MCsrpaLI2aUbw8' 'unsafe-eval' http…

Cross-Origin-Opener-Policy is properly configured

Got: same-origin

Cross-Origin-Embedder-Policy is set

Got: require-corp

X-Powered-By header is not present

Server header is present without version info

Got: cloudflare

Domain is in the Chrome HSTS preload list (status: preloaded)

Got: preloaded

A+

TLS & Certificates

TLS 1.3, 8 checks passed

PASS

TLS 1.3, 8 checks passed

TLS 1.3 is used

Got: TLS 1.3

Strong cipher suite is used

Got: TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256

HTTP/2 is not negotiated

HTTP/2 provides multiplexing and header compression for better performance.

Got: http/1.1

OCSP stapling enabled

Certificate is valid (expires in 32 days)

Got: 2026-06-10T20:59:05Z

Certificate chain has 3 certificates

Certificate uses modern signature algorithm

Got: ECDSA-SHA256

Certificate covers 2 domain(s)

Got: medium.com, *.medium.com

Certificate is issued by a trusted CA

Got: CN=WE1,O=Google Trust Services,C=US

HTTP/2 provides multiplexing and header compression for better performance.

Why this matters

HTTP/1.1 forces the browser to make sequential requests, multiplying latency on every page.

Learn more ▾

HTTP/2 (and HTTP/3) multiplex many requests over a single connection, eliminating head-of-line blocking. HTTP/1.1 forces the browser to either queue requests or open many parallel connections — both worse. Most modern web servers support HTTP/2 with one config line.

Source: MDN Web Docs

Connection

Protocol

TLS 1.3

Cipher Suite

TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256

HTTP Version

HTTP/1.1

Certificate Chain

Leaf Certificate

Subject CN=medium.comIssuer CN=WE1,O=Google Trust Services,C=USValid 2026-03-12T19:59:16Z → 2026-06-10T20:59:05ZExpires in 32 days SANs medium.com, *.medium.comSignature ECDSA-SHA256Serial 2497fbc4b9b9c2030dda82db68cec25d

Intermediate (CA Certificate)

Subject CN=WE1,O=Google Trust Services,C=USIssuer CN=GTS Root R4,O=Google Trust Services LLC,C=USValid 2023-12-13T09:00:00Z → 2029-02-20T14:00:00ZExpires in 1018 days Signature ECDSA-SHA384Serial 7ff31977972c224a76155d13b6d685e3

Intermediate (CA Certificate)

Subject CN=GTS Root R4,O=Google Trust Services LLC,C=USIssuer CN=GlobalSign Root CA,OU=Root CA,O=GlobalSign nv-sa,C=BEValid 2023-11-15T03:43:21Z → 2028-01-28T00:00:42ZExpires in 628 days Signature SHA256-RSASerial 7fe530bf331343bedd821610493d8a1b

A+

Cookie Security

No cookies set — no cookie security risks

PASS

No cookies set — no cookie security risks

No cookies detected — no cookie security risks to report.

A+

Cookie Hygiene

No cookies set -- cookie-hygiene check is N/A

PASS

No cookies set -- cookie-hygiene check is N/A

No cookies set

A

WAF / Bot Protection

Cloudflare WAF (active mitigation)

PASS

Cloudflare WAF (active mitigation)

Cloudflare WAF (active mitigation) detected

Detected via: cf-ray: 9f8fb890fee36ffc-CDG; cf-mitigated: challenge

Got: Cloudflare WAF (active mitigation)

A+

Cross-Origin Tab Safety

All 2 new-tab link(s) carry rel=noopener

PASS

All 2 new-tab link(s) carry rel=noopener

A+

Source Map Exposure

Source-map probe didn't run on this scan

PASS

Source-map probe didn't run on this scan

A+

HTML Version Disclosure

No software-version disclosures in HTML

PASS

No software-version disclosures in HTML

A+

Open Redirect Surface

No redirect-shaped query parameters in DOM links

PASS

No redirect-shaped query parameters in DOM links

A+

Subdomain Inventory Exposure

No risky subdomain names in certificate SANs

PASS

No risky subdomain names in certificate SANs

A+

JS Library Vulnerabilities

No known vulnerabilities

PASS

No known vulnerabilities

No known JavaScript library vulnerabilities detected

No known JavaScript library vulnerabilities detected.

A+

Information Leakage

No exposures

PASS

No exposures

No security.txt found

Consider adding a security.txt at /.well-known/security.txt.

No sensitive files exposed

No sensitive files exposed — all paths returned 404.

Path	Status	Category	Risk
/.git/HEAD	✓ Not found	Version Control	—
/.git/config	✓ Not found	Version Control	—
/.svn/entries	✓ Not found	Version Control	—
/.env	✓ Not found	Configuration	—
/.env.local	✓ Not found	Configuration	—
/.env.production	✓ Not found	Configuration	—
/wp-config.php	✓ Not found	Configuration	—
/.htaccess	✓ Not found	Configuration	—
/phpinfo.php	✓ Not found	Debug	—
/server-status	✓ Not found	Debug	—
/server-info	✓ Not found	Debug	—
/.well-known/security.txt	✓ Not found	Security Policy	—
/package.json	✓ Not found	dependency-manifest	—
/composer.json	✓ Not found	dependency-manifest	—
/Gemfile	✓ Not found	dependency-manifest	—
/Gemfile.lock	✓ Not found	dependency-manifest	—
/requirements.txt	✓ Not found	dependency-manifest	—
/pom.xml	✓ Not found	dependency-manifest	—
/.gitlab-ci.yml	✓ Not found	ci-config	—
/.travis.yml	✓ Not found	ci-config	—

A+

API Surface

No API specs or GraphQL introspection found (probed 11 candidate path(s))

PASS

No API specs or GraphQL introspection found (probed 11 candidate path(s))

No API specs or GraphQL introspection found (probed 11 path(s))

A+

Permissions-Policy

18 directives, 0 missing

PASS

18 directives, 0 missing

accelerometer=() — blocked for all origins

browsing-topics=() — blocked for all origins

camera=() — blocked for all origins

clipboard-read=() — blocked for all origins

clipboard-write=() — blocked for all origins

geolocation=() — blocked for all origins

gyroscope=() — blocked for all origins

hid=() — blocked for all origins

interest-cohort=() — blocked for all origins

magnetometer=() — blocked for all origins

microphone=() — blocked for all origins

payment=() — blocked for all origins

publickey-credentials-get=() — blocked for all origins

screen-wake-lock=() — blocked for all origins

serial=() — blocked for all origins

sync-xhr=() — blocked for all origins

usb=() — blocked for all origins

xr-spatial-tracking=(self)

Raw Header

accelerometer=() browsing-topics=() camera=() clipboard-read=() clipboard-write=() geolocation=() gyroscope=() hid=() interest-cohort=() magnetometer=() microphone=() payment=() publickey-credentials-get=() screen-wake-lock=() serial=() sync-xhr=() usb=() xr-spatial-tracking=(self)

Feature Permissions

Blocked Self Only Unrestricted Not Set

accelerometer Blocked

browsing-topics Blocked

camera Blocked

clipboard-read Blocked

clipboard-write Blocked

geolocation Blocked

gyroscope Blocked

hid Blocked

interest-cohort Blocked

magnetometer Blocked

microphone Blocked

payment Blocked

publickey-credentials-get Blocked

screen-wake-lock Blocked

serial Blocked

sync-xhr Blocked

usb Blocked

xr-spatial-tracking Self Only

A+

Transport Security

HTTP/3, HSTS, and TLS version analysis

PASS

HTTP/3, HSTS, and TLS version analysis

HTTP/3 (QUIC) supported

The server advertises HTTP/3 via Alt-Svc for faster connections on mobile networks.

HSTS enabled (includeSubDomains, preload)

HSTS preload enabled

TLS 1.3 in use (fastest handshake, 1-RTT)