Accessibility
· 13 checks — Landmarks, headings, alt text, forms, and link quality rolled into one auditable list.DLink & Button QualityAction13 issue(s) across 124 links and 1 buttonsFIX
| Element | Text | Issue | Suggested Fix |
|---|---|---|---|
| https://bsky.app/profile/worldhistory.or… | (empty) | empty | Add link text or aria-label |
| https://www.instagram.com/whencyclopedia | (empty) | empty | Add link text or aria-label |
| https://www.youtube.com/@WorldHistoryEnc… | (empty) | empty | Add link text or aria-label |
| /index/ | (empty) | empty | Add link text or aria-label |
| /edu/ | (empty) | empty | Add link text or aria-label |
| /trans/ | (empty) | empty | Add link text or aria-label |
| /medialibrary/ | (empty) | empty | Add link text or aria-label |
| /books/ | (empty) | empty | Add link text or aria-label |
| /mapselect/ | (empty) | empty | Add link text or aria-label |
| /membership/?utm_campaign=membership&utm… | (empty) | empty | Add link text or aria-label |
| /static/about/en/ | Learn More | generic text | Replace with descriptive text |
Before: Learn More Suggested: En | |||
| https://www.google.com/preferences/sourc… | Google Preferred Source | new tab | Add '(opens in new tab)' to text |
| https://goodpods.com/leaderboard/top-100… | goodpods top 100 history indie… | new tab | Add '(opens in new tab)' to text |
| https://app.candid.org/profile/15451557/… | (empty) | empty | Add link text or aria-label |
| /static/book-forsaken-14th-century/ | Learn More | generic text | Replace with descriptive text |
Before: Learn More Suggested: Book Forsaken 14th Century | |||
Links without text are announced as raw URLs by screen readers.
https://bsky.app/profile/worldhistory.org; https://www.instagram.com/whencyclopedia; https://www.youtube.com/@WorldHistoryEncyclopedia; /index/; /edu/; /trans/; /medialibrary/; /books/; /mapselect/; /membership/?utm_campaign=membership&utm_source=whe-tablet&utm_medium=homepag… (+1 more)
Links with no accessible text (empty <a></a>, image-only no alt, icon-only no aria-label) are unidentifiable to screen readers.
Source: WCAG 2.1 SC 2.4.4
Generic link text like 'click here' doesn't describe the destination.
/static/about/en/ ("Learn More"); /static/book-forsaken-14th-century/ ("Learn More")
Generic anchor text ('click here', 'read more', 'learn more') tells screen readers and search engines nothing about the destination.
Learn more ▾ ▴
Out-of-context lists of links read by AT (one navigation pattern) become useless when every link says 'click here'. Use the destination's title or topic as anchor text. Doubles as SEO win — Google passes anchor-text relevance to the destination.
Source: WCAG 2.4.4 / Google Search Central
Add '(opens in new tab)' to link text or aria-label.
https://www.google.com/preferences/source?q=worldhistory.org; https://goodpods.com/leaderboard/top-100-shows-by-category/history/all-histor…
Links with target="_blank" without rel="noopener" leak the originating page's window context — security and UX issue.
Learn more ▾ ▴
Without rel="noopener", the new tab can navigate the original tab via window.opener (tab-nabbing attack). Modern browsers default to noopener for target=_blank but only since recent versions. Always set rel="noopener noreferrer" explicitly.
Source: MDN target / OWASP
F404 Error PageActionSoft 404 detectedFIX
The server returned HTTP 200 for a non-existent path. Search engines will index this page as real content. Configure your server to return HTTP 404 for missing pages.
FWeb ManifestActionValid manifestFIX
DDark Mode SupportActionTheme color onlyFIX
Detection limited to meta tags and inline styles.
BLandmark Structure7 landmarksREVIEW
Multiple navigations need aria-label to distinguish them for screen readers.
Some <nav> elements lack aria-label — screen-reader users hear 'navigation' multiple times with no way to distinguish them.
Learn more ▾ ▴
When a page has multiple <nav> regions (primary, footer, breadcrumb), each needs aria-label or aria-labelledby. AT users navigate by landmark; identical 'navigation' announcements force them to enter each one to discover purpose.
Source: WAI-ARIA Authoring Practices
Add a skip link as the first focusable element so keyboard users can bypass repeated navigation.
Without a skip-nav link, keyboard users tab through every nav item before reaching content — every page, every visit.
Learn more ▾ ▴
WCAG 2.4.1 (Bypass Blocks) requires a mechanism to skip past repeated content. The standard implementation is a 'Skip to main content' link that's the first focusable element, visually hidden until focused. Three lines of HTML + four of CSS.
Source: WCAG 2.1 SC 2.4.1
CAlt Text QualityAction2 of 35 images have issuesREVIEW
| Issue | Count |
|---|---|
| missing | 2 image(s) |
Images without alt text are invisible to screen readers.
Each image without alt text is a WCAG 1.1.1 failure — invisible to screen-reader users, lost from Google Image Search.
Learn more ▾ ▴
WCAG 2.1 Level A requires text alternatives for non-decorative images. Empty alt='' is fine for decorative; meaningful images need descriptive text. Common fixes: CMS audit + bulk add, build-time linter (alt-text-required ESLint rule), CI gate on Lighthouse a11y score.
Source: WCAG 2.1 SC 1.1.1 / WebAIM Million Report
An image inside a link with no alt creates an empty link.
Image-only links with no alt create empty links — screen-reader users hear 'link' with no destination context.
Learn more ▾ ▴
An <a><img></a> with no img alt is the worst-case for accessibility: AT announces the link but can't describe where it goes. Either add alt to the image OR add aria-label to the link.
Source: WCAG 2.1 SC 2.4.4
CForm AccessibilityAction3 of 8 controls have issuesREVIEW
| Control | Type | Label | Method |
|---|---|---|---|
| #tag-historyenthusiast | radio | History Enthusiast | for/id |
| #tag-teacher | radio | Teacher | for/id |
| #tag-student | radio | Student | for/id |
| #tag-librarian | radio | Librarian | for/id |
| #tag-scholar | radio | Scholar | for/id |
| #mce-EMAIL | (Email address...) | placeholder only | |
| q | text | (Search or ask question...) | placeholder only |
| #mc-embedded-subscribe | submit | (none) | none |
Form controls need a <label>, aria-label, or aria-labelledby for screen readers.
<input type="submit" name="subscribe" id="mc-embedded-subscribe">
Form controls without labels — assistive tech announces 'edit text' with no context; users can't complete forms.
Source: WCAG 2.1 SC 3.3.2
Placeholder text disappears on focus and is not a reliable label.
<input type="text" name="q">; <input type="email" name="EMAIL" id="mce-EMAIL">
Placeholder-only labels disappear when the user starts typing — they must remember what the field was for.
Learn more ▾ ▴
Placeholders are NOT labels. They vanish on input, fail color contrast checks (most are gray), and don't satisfy WCAG SC 3.3.2. Always use a real <label> alongside (or aria-labelledby).
Source: WCAG 2.1 SC 3.3.2 / Nielsen Norman
BFavicon & Branding5 icon(s) detectedREVIEW
BLighthouse Accessibility AuditsScore 83/100 — 5 failing, 25 passedREVIEW
Accessibility
These checks highlight opportunities to improve the accessibility of your web app. Automatic detection can only detect a subset of issues and does not guarantee the accessibility of your web app, so manual testing is also encouraged.
Contrast
Low-contrast text is difficult or impossible for many users to read. Learn how to provide sufficient color contrast.
Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.
| Failing Elements |
|---|
Manage Your Privacy div#cmpboxcontent > div.cmpboxtxtdiv > h1#cmpboxheadline1 > span |
Accept All div.cmpboxbtns > span#cmpwelcomebtnyes > a.cmpboxbtn > span#cmpbntyestxt |
These are opportunities to improve the legibility of your content.
Navigation
Properly ordered headings that do not skip levels convey the semantic structure of the page, making it easier to navigate and understand when using assistive technologies. Learn more about heading order.
Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.
| Failing Elements |
|---|
Ancient Rome a#1-68 > div.ci_preview_content > div.ci_header > h3 |
These are opportunities to improve keyboard navigation in your application.
Names and labels
Informative elements should aim for short, descriptive alternate text. Decorative elements can be ignored with an empty alt attribute. Learn more about the `alt` attribute.
Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.
| Failing Elements |
|---|
body.home > img.metricoolPixel body.home > img.metricoolPixel |
aside.right_1_column > div.about-awards > a > img aside.right_1_column > div.about-awards > a > img |
Labels ensure that form controls are announced properly by assistive technologies, like screen readers. Learn more about form element labels.
Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.
| Failing Elements |
|---|
form#mc-embedded-subscribe-form > div#mc_embed_signup_scroll > div > input form#mc-embedded-subscribe-form > div#mc_embed_signup_scroll > div > input |
Link text (and alternate text for images, when used as links) that is discernible, unique, and focusable improves the navigation experience for screen reader users. Learn how to make links accessible.
Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.
| Failing Elements |
|---|
body.home > header#header_wrapper > div#header > a#logo_link body.home > header#header_wrapper > div#header > a#logo_link |
header#header_wrapper > nav#meanmenu > div.mean-bar > a.meanmenu-reveal header#header_wrapper > nav#meanmenu > div.mean-bar > a.meanmenu-reveal |
div#content > aside.right_1_column > div.media_library > a div#content > aside.right_1_column > div.media_library > a |
div#content > aside.right_1_column > div.about-awards > a div#content > aside.right_1_column > div.about-awards > a |
These are opportunities to improve the semantics of the controls in your application. This may enhance the experience for users of assistive technology, like a screen reader.
AHeading Hierarchy25 headings, 1 skip(s)PASS
- H1 World History Encyclopedia
- H3 Ancient Rome skipped
- H3 The Amphitheater of Caesarea Maritima
- H2 Free for the World, Supported by You
- H3 Code of Ur-Nammu - The Oldest Law Code in the World
- H3 Ur-Nammu - Founder of the Sumerian Renaissance
- H3 Battle of Omdurman - Britain's Vengeance for the Death of General Gordon
- H3 Mesopotamian Warfare - Early Development of Armed Conflict
- H3 Charles-Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord - Napoleon's Treacherous Foreign Minister
- H3 The Hymn to Ninkasi, Goddess of Beer - A Praise Song and Ancient Beer Recipe
- H3 Caratacus - The Catuvellauni Chieftain Who Defied Rome
- H3 Siege of Khartoum - Last Stand of General Gordon
- H3 Beer - The Drink Which Makes One's Heart Feel Light
- H3 Louis XIV of France - The Sun King
- H3 Mahdist War - Holy War in Sudan, 1881-99
- H3 Burial in Ancient Mesopotamia - Respect for the Living, Honoring the Dead
- H3 Maria Theresa - The Great Habsburg Empress
- H3 A History of Vaccination - Taming the World's Deadliest Diseases
- H3 Love, Sex, & Marriage in Ancient Mesopotamia - Relationships in the Ancient World
- H3 Matabeleland (Kingdom) - The Ndebele Empire in Southern Africa
- H2 About Us
- H2 Media Library
- H2 Awards
- H2 Newsletter
- H2 Statistics
Skipping heading levels breaks the document outline. Screen readers may interpret missing levels as structural errors.
Skipping heading levels breaks the document outline — screen-reader users lose track of section nesting.
Learn more ▾ ▴
Screen reader users navigate by jumping between headings (H1 → H2 → H3). Skipping (H1 → H3) breaks the sense of hierarchy. Use sequential levels even if you don't like the default styling — restyle with CSS instead. WCAG 1.3.1 (Info and Relationships) treats this as an A failure.
Source: WCAG 2.1 SC 1.3.1 / W3C WAI
A+Print StylesheetPrint styles detectedPASS
A+Color Contrast (Screenshot)20 text elements analyzed, 0 fail WCAG AAPASS
Analyzes text contrast against the actual rendered page, including background images, gradients, and overlays that CSS-based tools cannot detect.
Show all checked elements (20)
| Element | Ratio | Required | FG | BG | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| h1 World History Encycl… | 18.26:1 | 3.0:1 | #000000 | #EFEFEF | Pass |
| h2 Free for the World, … | 18.26:1 | 3.0:1 | #000000 | #EFEFEF | Pass |
| h2 About Us | 18.26:1 | 3.0:1 | #000000 | #EFEFEF | Pass |
| h2 Media Library | 18.26:1 | 3.0:1 | #000000 | #EFEFEF | Pass |
| h2 Awards | 18.26:1 | 3.0:1 | #000000 | #EFEFEF | Pass |
| h2 Newsletter | 18.26:1 | 3.0:1 | #000000 | #EFEFEF | Pass |
| h2 Statistics | 18.26:1 | 3.0:1 | #000000 | #EFEFEF | Pass |
| h3 Ancient Rome | 18.26:1 | 3.0:1 | #000000 | #EFEFEF | Pass |
| h3 The Amphitheater of … | 18.26:1 | 3.0:1 | #000000 | #EFEFEF | Pass |
| h3 Code of Ur-Nammu | 18.26:1 | 3.0:1 | #000000 | #EFEFEF | Pass |
| h3 Ur-Nammu | 18.26:1 | 3.0:1 | #000000 | #EFEFEF | Pass |
| h3 Battle of Omdurman | 18.26:1 | 3.0:1 | #000000 | #EFEFEF | Pass |
| h3 Mesopotamian Warfare | 18.26:1 | 3.0:1 | #000000 | #EFEFEF | Pass |
| h3 Charles-Maurice de T… | 18.26:1 | 3.0:1 | #000000 | #EFEFEF | Pass |
| h3 The Hymn to Ninkasi,… | 18.26:1 | 3.0:1 | #000000 | #EFEFEF | Pass |
| h3 Caratacus | 18.26:1 | 3.0:1 | #000000 | #EFEFEF | Pass |
| h3 Siege of Khartoum | 18.26:1 | 3.0:1 | #000000 | #EFEFEF | Pass |
| h3 Beer | 18.26:1 | 3.0:1 | #000000 | #EFEFEF | Pass |
| h3 Louis XIV of France | 18.26:1 | 3.0:1 | #000000 | #EFEFEF | Pass |
| h3 Mahdist War | 18.26:1 | 3.0:1 | #000000 | #EFEFEF | Pass |
Methodology: The top 20 text elements by font size were checked. Background color was sampled from the desktop screenshot using a 5-point pattern. WCAG 2.1 AA requires 4.5:1 for normal text and 3:1 for large text.