Accessibility

· 13 checks — Landmarks, headings, alt text, forms, and link quality rolled into one auditable list.

SCORE

GRADE

FIX

REVIEW

PASS

INFO

Checks

1 PASS 5 REVIEW 7 FIX

Landmark Structure

Action

4 landmarks

FIX

4 landmarks

No <main> landmark found

Screen reader users cannot quickly navigate to the primary content. Wrap your main content in <main>.

2 <nav> landmark(s) found

2 of 2 <nav> elements are unlabeled

Multiple navigations need aria-label to distinguish them for screen readers.

Skip navigation link is missing (WCAG 2.4.1)

Add a skip link as the first focusable element so keyboard users can bypass repeated navigation.

Page Structure — as a screen reader sees it

Screen reader users cannot quickly navigate to the primary content. Wrap your main content in <main>.

Why this matters

Without a <main> landmark, screen-reader users can't skip past the navigation to the page content — every page starts with re-reading the menu.

Learn more ▾

The <main> element marks the page's primary content area. Assistive tech offers a 'jump to main' shortcut — but only if <main> exists. Without it, every page navigation forces re-reading the header. Wrap your primary content in a single <main>.

Source: WAI-ARIA / WCAG 2.4.1

Multiple navigations need aria-label to distinguish them for screen readers.

Why this matters

Some <nav> elements lack aria-label — screen-reader users hear 'navigation' multiple times with no way to distinguish them.

Learn more ▾

When a page has multiple <nav> regions (primary, footer, breadcrumb), each needs aria-label or aria-labelledby. AT users navigate by landmark; identical 'navigation' announcements force them to enter each one to discover purpose.

Source: WAI-ARIA Authoring Practices

Add a skip link as the first focusable element so keyboard users can bypass repeated navigation.

Why this matters

Without a skip-nav link, keyboard users tab through every nav item before reaching content — every page, every visit.

Learn more ▾

WCAG 2.4.1 (Bypass Blocks) requires a mechanism to skip past repeated content. The standard implementation is a 'Skip to main content' link that's the first focusable element, visually hidden until focused. Three lines of HTML + four of CSS.

Source: WCAG 2.1 SC 2.4.1

Heading Hierarchy

Action

14 headings, 1 skip(s)

FIX

14 headings, 1 skip(s)

No H1 heading found

Every page should have one H1 that describes the page content.

Heading level skipped: H2 → H4 (missing H3)

Skipping heading levels breaks the document outline. Screen readers may interpret missing levels as structural errors.

2 empty heading(s)

Empty headings appear in the document outline but provide no information.

H2 Aktuálně na UK
H2 Nové kampusy Univerzity Karlovy
H4 Biocentrum Albertov skipped
H5 PřF UK, 1. LF UK, MFF UK
H4 MEPHARED 2
H5 FaF UK, LF HK UK
H4 Kampus Motol
H5 2. LF UK
H2 Kalendář
H3 Rektorát
H3 Podatelna
H3 (empty)
H3 Tiskový mluvčí
H3 (empty)

Every page should have one H1 that describes the page content.

Why this matters

No H1 means screen-reader users can't identify the page's primary topic, and Google's content-extraction degrades.

Learn more ▾

The H1 is the document title for assistive tech and a strong signal to search engines about page topic. Pages without one force screen readers to fall back to the <title> attribute or page chrome. Add a single H1 that names the page's primary subject.

Source: WCAG 2.4.6 / Google Search Central

Skipping heading levels breaks the document outline. Screen readers may interpret missing levels as structural errors.

Why this matters

Skipping heading levels breaks the document outline — screen-reader users lose track of section nesting.

Learn more ▾

Screen reader users navigate by jumping between headings (H1 → H2 → H3). Skipping (H1 → H3) breaks the sense of hierarchy. Use sequential levels even if you don't like the default styling — restyle with CSS instead. WCAG 1.3.1 (Info and Relationships) treats this as an A failure.

Source: WCAG 2.1 SC 1.3.1 / W3C WAI

Empty headings appear in the document outline but provide no information.

Why this matters

Empty <hN> tags break the document outline — screen-reader users navigating by heading hit dead silence.

Source: WCAG 2.4.6

Alt Text Quality

Action

31 of 34 images have issues

FIX

31 of 34 images have issues

29 image(s) missing alt attribute

Images without alt text are invisible to screen readers.

18 image-in-link without alt text

An image inside a link with no alt creates an empty link.

2 image(s) with generic alt text

3 decorative image(s) correctly marked

34 images 3 decorative 2 generic 29 missing

Issue	Count
missing	29 image(s)
generic	2 image(s)

Images without alt text are invisible to screen readers.

Why this matters

Each image without alt text is a WCAG 1.1.1 failure — invisible to screen-reader users, lost from Google Image Search.

Learn more ▾

WCAG 2.1 Level A requires text alternatives for non-decorative images. Empty alt='' is fine for decorative; meaningful images need descriptive text. Common fixes: CMS audit + bulk add, build-time linter (alt-text-required ESLint rule), CI gate on Lighthouse a11y score.

Source: WCAG 2.1 SC 1.1.1 / WebAIM Million Report

An image inside a link with no alt creates an empty link.

Why this matters

Image-only links with no alt create empty links — screen-reader users hear 'link' with no destination context.

Learn more ▾

An <a><img></a> with no img alt is the worst-case for accessibility: AT announces the link but can't describe where it goes. Either add alt to the image OR add aria-label to the link.

Source: WCAG 2.1 SC 2.4.4

404 Error Page

Action

Soft 404 detected

FIX

Soft 404 detected

Soft 404: server returns HTTP 200 for non-existent pages

The server returns HTTP 200 for a path that does not exist. Search engines will index these pages, diluting your real content. Configure your server to return a proper 404 status code for missing pages.

Got: Status: 200 for /beavercheck-404-test-idr9k7

404 Page Quality ✗ Soft 404 (HTTP 200)

Status Code: HTTP 200

The server returned HTTP 200 for a non-existent path. Search engines will index this page as real content. Configure your server to return HTTP 404 for missing pages.

Web Manifest

Action

Not found

FIX

Not found

No web manifest found

No manifest at standard paths (/manifest.json, /site.webmanifest). A manifest is optional but enables PWA features like home screen installation and standalone display.

No web manifest found.

Dark Mode Support

Action

No dark mode signals

FIX

No dark mode signals

No dark mode signals detected

Consider adding CSS with @media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) and <meta name='color-scheme' content='light dark'>.

Detection limited to meta tags and inline styles

External CSS files may contain prefers-color-scheme rules not visible to this scan.

Dark ModeNo Dark Mode Detected

color-scheme meta Not set ✗Dark theme-color Not set ✗CSS indicators Not detected ✗

Detection limited to meta tags and inline styles.

Navigation UX

Action

No navigation patterns

FIX

No navigation patterns

2 navigation landmark(s) detected

No breadcrumbs, search, or skip link detected

These navigation aids help users orient themselves and find content efficiently, especially on large sites.

Breadcrumbs

Skip Link

Labeled Navigation 2 <nav> element(s)

Hamburger Menu

Sticky Navigation Cannot reliably detect (CSS-based)

1 of 6 testable patterns navigation patterns detected. Limited navigation support. Consider adding breadcrumbs, search, and skip link.

Form Accessibility

2 of 2 controls have issues

REVIEW

2 of 2 controls have issues

2 control(s) without accessible label

Form controls need a <label>, aria-label, or aria-labelledby for screen readers.

Got: <input type="text" name="q" id="mo99e3ygssn2mmmeglc">; <input type="submit" id="mo99e3ygqfx5ibgf9nc">

2 controls

0 labeled

0 placeholder only

2 unlabeled

Control	Type	Label	Method
#mo99e3ygssn2mmmeglc	text	(none)	none
#mo99e3ygqfx5ibgf9nc	submit	(none)	none

Form controls need a <label>, aria-label, or aria-labelledby for screen readers.

Why this matters

Form controls without labels — assistive tech announces 'edit text' with no context; users can't complete forms.

Source: WCAG 2.1 SC 3.3.2

Link & Button Quality

Action

35 issue(s) across 406 links and 3 buttons

REVIEW

35 issue(s) across 406 links and 3 buttons

35 link(s) with no accessible text

Links without text are announced as raw URLs by screen readers.

Got: ?q=; https://www.ukforum.cz/rubriky/veda/9877-dlouhodobost-je-ve-vede-zasadni; https://www.mff.cuni.cz/cs/verejnost/aktuality/jana-kalbacova-vejpravova-zisk…; https://www.ukforum.cz/rubriky/veda/9875-katerina-ruzickova-nasli-jsme-slabin…; /aktuality?news=29306; https://cuni.cz/UK-15755.html; https://www.ukforum.cz/rubriky/academia/9874-chci-se-zamerit-na-evropske-proj…; https://www.ukforum.cz/rubriky/aktuality/9873-pavel-a-caputova-na-uk-diskutov…; https://www.ukforum.cz/rubriky/academia/9871-univerzitu-musime-zklidnit-a-dig…; https://science.fsv.cuni.cz/vedecke-vysledky-obstoji-casteji-nez-se-predpokla… (+25 more)

10 link(s) open in new tab without warning

Add '(opens in new tab)' to link text or aria-label.

Got: https://www.ipsc.cuni.cz/IPSC-1.html; https://www.ukforum.cz; https://nf.cuni.cz/NFN-1.html; https://intranet.cuni.cz/; https://kampusalbertov.cuni.cz/KA-1.html; https://www.kampushk.cuni.cz/; https://www.lf2.cuni.cz/fakulta/o-fakulte/kampus-motol; https://cuni.cz/UK-655.html; https://is.cuni.cz/webapps/whois2/org/?lang=cs; https://is.cuni.cz/webapps/whois2

361 link(s) with descriptive text

406 links

35 empty

0 generic text

10 new tab

0 empty buttons

Element	Text	Issue	Suggested Fix
?q=	(empty)	empty	Add link text or aria-label
https://www.ipsc.cuni.cz/IPSC-1.html	UK Point	new tab	Add '(opens in new tab)' to text
https://www.ukforum.cz	UK Forum	new tab	Add '(opens in new tab)' to text
https://nf.cuni.cz/NFN-1.html	Nadační fond UK	new tab	Add '(opens in new tab)' to text
https://intranet.cuni.cz/	Intranet	new tab	Add '(opens in new tab)' to text
https://www.ukforum.cz/rubriky/veda/9877…	(empty)	empty	Add link text or aria-label
https://www.mff.cuni.cz/cs/verejnost/akt…	(empty)	empty	Add link text or aria-label
https://www.ukforum.cz/rubriky/veda/9875…	(empty)	empty	Add link text or aria-label
/aktuality?news=29306	(empty)	empty	Add link text or aria-label
https://cuni.cz/UK-15755.html	(empty)	empty	Add link text or aria-label
https://www.ukforum.cz/rubriky/academia/…	(empty)	empty	Add link text or aria-label
https://www.ukforum.cz/rubriky/aktuality…	(empty)	empty	Add link text or aria-label
https://www.ukforum.cz/rubriky/academia/…	(empty)	empty	Add link text or aria-label
https://science.fsv.cuni.cz/vedecke-vysl…	(empty)	empty	Add link text or aria-label
/aktuality?news=29217	(empty)	empty	Add link text or aria-label
https://www.ukforum.cz/rubriky/veda/9832…	(empty)	empty	Add link text or aria-label
/aktuality?news=29166	(empty)	empty	Add link text or aria-label
https://www.youtube.com/embed/OaWpKOpXW9…	(empty)	empty	Add link text or aria-label
https://www.youtube.com/embed/oD_OSOzMA0…	(empty)	empty	Add link text or aria-label
https://kampusalbertov.cuni.cz/KA-1.html	➤ více informací	new tab	Add '(opens in new tab)' to text
https://www.kampushk.cuni.cz/	➤ více informací	new tab	Add '(opens in new tab)' to text
https://www.lf2.cuni.cz/fakulta/o-fakult…	➤ více informací	new tab	Add '(opens in new tab)' to text
https://ukpoint.cuni.cz/IPSC-798.html	(empty)	empty	Add link text or aria-label
	(empty)	empty	Add link text or aria-label
	(empty)	empty	Add link text or aria-label
/kalendar?event=31756	(empty)	empty	Add link text or aria-label
	(empty)	empty	Add link text or aria-label
	(empty)	empty	Add link text or aria-label
/kalendar?event=31910	(empty)	empty	Add link text or aria-label
	(empty)	empty	Add link text or aria-label
	(empty)	empty	Add link text or aria-label
/kalendar?event=31544	(empty)	empty	Add link text or aria-label
	(empty)	empty	Add link text or aria-label
	(empty)	empty	Add link text or aria-label
https://cuni.cz/UK-11716.html	(empty)	empty	Add link text or aria-label
https://vzdelavani21.cz/V21-1.html	(empty)	empty	Add link text or aria-label
https://cuni.cz/UK-8762.html	(empty)	empty	Add link text or aria-label
https://cuni.cz/UK-655.html	Další kontakty zde	new tab	Add '(opens in new tab)' to text
https://is.cuni.cz/webapps/whois2/org/?l…	organizační struktuře	new tab	Add '(opens in new tab)' to text
https://is.cuni.cz/webapps/whois2	Všechny kontakty	new tab	Add '(opens in new tab)' to text
https://www.instagram.com/unikarlova/?hl…	(empty)	empty	Add link text or aria-label
https://www.facebook.com/UniverzitaKarlo…	(empty)	empty	Add link text or aria-label
https://www.youtube.com/user/UniKarlova	(empty)	empty	Add link text or aria-label
https://www.linkedin.com/edu/school?id=1…	(empty)	empty	Add link text or aria-label
https://bsky.app/profile/unikarlova.cuni…	(empty)	empty	Add link text or aria-label

364 links and buttons have descriptive text

Links without text are announced as raw URLs by screen readers.

?q=; https://www.ukforum.cz/rubriky/veda/9877-dlouhodobost-je-ve-vede-zasadni; https://www.mff.cuni.cz/cs/verejnost/aktuality/jana-kalbacova-vejpravova-zisk…; https://www.ukforum.cz/rubriky/veda/9875-katerina-ruzickova-nasli-jsme-slabin…; /aktuality?news=29306; https://cuni.cz/UK-15755.html; https://www.ukforum.cz/rubriky/academia/9874-chci-se-zamerit-na-evropske-proj…; https://www.ukforum.cz/rubriky/aktuality/9873-pavel-a-caputova-na-uk-diskutov…; https://www.ukforum.cz/rubriky/academia/9871-univerzitu-musime-zklidnit-a-dig…; https://science.fsv.cuni.cz/vedecke-vysledky-obstoji-casteji-nez-se-predpokla… (+25 more)

Why this matters

Links with no accessible text (empty <a></a>, image-only no alt, icon-only no aria-label) are unidentifiable to screen readers.

Source: WCAG 2.1 SC 2.4.4

Add '(opens in new tab)' to link text or aria-label.

https://www.ipsc.cuni.cz/IPSC-1.html; https://www.ukforum.cz; https://nf.cuni.cz/NFN-1.html; https://intranet.cuni.cz/; https://kampusalbertov.cuni.cz/KA-1.html; https://www.kampushk.cuni.cz/; https://www.lf2.cuni.cz/fakulta/o-fakulte/kampus-motol; https://cuni.cz/UK-655.html; https://is.cuni.cz/webapps/whois2/org/?lang=cs; https://is.cuni.cz/webapps/whois2

Why this matters

Links with target="_blank" without rel="noopener" leak the originating page's window context — security and UX issue.

Learn more ▾

Without rel="noopener", the new tab can navigate the original tab via window.opener (tab-nabbing attack). Modern browsers default to noopener for target=_blank but only since recent versions. Always set rel="noopener noreferrer" explicitly.

Source: MDN target / OWASP

Favicon & Branding

Action

4 icon(s) detected

REVIEW

4 icon(s) detected

favicon.ico present at site root

HTML icon links detected

Apple touch icon present

✓ favicon.ico Present

✓ PNG Icons Present

✓ Apple Touch Present

✗ SVG Favicon Missing

✗ Manifest Icons Missing

✗ Multiple Sizes Missing

Color Contrast (Screenshot)

Action

20 text elements analyzed, 7 fail WCAG AA

REVIEW

Analyzes text contrast against the actual rendered page, including background images, gradients, and overlays that CSS-based tools cannot detect.

13 pass 7 fail WCAG AA

button Upravit mé předvolby

2.33:1

#000000

#224D68

needs 4.5:1 (normal text)

16px · top of page (header area)

a O Univerzitě Karlově

1.53:1

#000000

#05304B

needs 4.5:1 (normal text)

16px · above the fold

a Historie

1.47:1

#000000

#022D48

needs 4.5:1 (normal text)

16px · above the fold

a Nikdy nezapomeneme...

1.64:1

#000000

#0A3550

needs 4.5:1 (normal text)

16px · above the fold

a Nadační fond UK

1.64:1

#000000

#0A3550

needs 4.5:1 (normal text)

16px · above the fold

a Fakta a čísla

2.10:1

#000000

#1B4661

needs 4.5:1 (normal text)

16px · above the fold

a Fakulty a součásti

1.45:1

#000000

#012C47

needs 4.5:1 (normal text)

16px · above the fold

Show all checked elements (20)

Element	Ratio	Required	FG	BG	Result
h2 Aktuálně na UK	18.76:1	3.0:1	#000000	#F2F2F2	Pass
h2 Nové kampusy Univer…	18.76:1	3.0:1	#000000	#F2F2F2	Pass
h2 Kalendář	18.76:1	3.0:1	#000000	#F2F2F2	Pass
h3 Rektorát	18.76:1	3.0:1	#000000	#F2F2F2	Pass
h3 Podatelna	18.76:1	3.0:1	#000000	#F2F2F2	Pass
h3 Tiskový mluvčí	18.76:1	3.0:1	#000000	#F2F2F2	Pass
title Univerzita Karlova	21.00:1	4.5:1	#000000	#FFFFFF	Pass
p Používáme soubory…	21.00:1	4.5:1	#000000	#FFFFFF	Pass
p Tyto webové stránk…	21.00:1	4.5:1	#000000	#FFFFFF	Pass
button Upravit mé předvol…	2.33:1	4.5:1	#000000	#224D68	Fail
a O Univerzitě Karlov…	1.53:1	4.5:1	#000000	#05304B	Fail
a Historie	1.47:1	4.5:1	#000000	#022D48	Fail
a Nikdy nezapomeneme..…	1.64:1	4.5:1	#000000	#0A3550	Fail
a Nadační fond UK	1.64:1	4.5:1	#000000	#0A3550	Fail
a Fakta a čísla	2.10:1	4.5:1	#000000	#1B4661	Fail
a Fakulty a součásti	1.45:1	4.5:1	#000000	#012C47	Fail
a Kontakt	18.76:1	4.5:1	#000000	#F2F2F2	Pass
a Veřejnost a média	18.76:1	4.5:1	#000000	#F2F2F2	Pass
a Život na UK	18.76:1	4.5:1	#000000	#F2F2F2	Pass
a Etika a rovné pří…	18.76:1	4.5:1	#000000	#F2F2F2	Pass

Methodology: The top 20 text elements by font size were checked. Background color was sampled from the desktop screenshot using a 5-point pattern. WCAG 2.1 AA requires 4.5:1 for normal text and 3:1 for large text.

Lighthouse Accessibility Audits

Score 81/100 — 5 failing, 20 passed

REVIEW

Accessibility

These checks highlight opportunities to improve the accessibility of your web app. Automatic detection can only detect a subset of issues and does not guarantee the accessibility of your web app, so manual testing is also encouraged.