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Performance

· 15 checks — Lighthouse + waterfall + sustainability rolled into one auditable list.
SCORE
76
GRADE
C
FIX
4
REVIEW
4
PASS
5
INFO
2

Performance-focused optimization plan with CWV assessment, top offenders, and time estimates

Mobile Desktop
66
Performance Overall performance score (0–100) based on Core Web Vitals and other metrics. 90+ is good.
93
Accessibility Measures how accessible the page is for users with disabilities. Checks color contrast, ARIA labels, and semantic HTML.
96
Best Practices Checks for modern web development best practices including HTTPS, no console errors, and secure JavaScript.
75
SEO Measures basic SEO optimizations: meta tags, crawlability, link text, and mobile friendliness.

First Contentful Paint First Contentful Paint — how long until the browser renders the first piece of content. Under 1.8s is good.

933 ms

Largest Contentful Paint Largest Contentful Paint — how long until the largest visible element loads. Under 2.5s is good.

8.35 s

Total Blocking Time Total Blocking Time — total time the main thread was blocked, preventing user input. Under 200ms is good.

11 ms

Cumulative Layout Shift Cumulative Layout Shift — measures visual stability. How much the page layout shifts during loading. Under 0.1 is good.

0.057

Speed Index Speed Index — how quickly content is visually displayed during load. Under 3.4s is good.

2.97 s

Time to Interactive Time to Interactive — how long until the page is fully interactive and responds to user input. Under 3.8s is good.

8.41 s

Page Load Progression

375 ms
750 ms
1.1 s
1.5 s
1.9 s
2.2 s
2.6 s
3.0 s
Checks
15
5 PASS 4 REVIEW 4 FIX
F
Page Weight Budget
Action
14.7 MB transferred, 134 requests
FIX
14.7 MB transferred, 134 requests
Critical::
Page weighs 17.2 MB (14.7 MB transferred)
Warning::
Images are 13.8 MB — compress or use modern formats
Convert images to WebP/AVIF and resize to display dimensions to reduce transfer size.
Got: 13.8 MB
Warning::
134 HTTP requests — consider bundling or reducing
Each request adds latency. Bundle small files, use sprites, or eliminate unnecessary requests.
Info::
Estimated 3.1 g CO2 per page load
14.7 MB / 2.4 MB budget
14.7 MB transferred
134 requests
3.1 g CO2 per page load
Images 13.8 MiB 94%
JavaScript 458.5 KiB 3%
Other 290.2 KiB 2%
Fonts 107.6 KiB 1%
CSS 91.6 KiB 1%
HTML 9.1 KiB 0%
Other 4.2 KiB 0%
Other 2.9 KiB 0%
0 2.4 MB 4.9 MB
Over budget

Convert images to WebP/AVIF and resize to display dimensions to reduce transfer size.

Why this matters

Image bandwidth is high — modern formats (WebP/AVIF) and resizing typically cut it 50%+.

Source: web.dev

Each request adds latency. Bundle small files, use sprites, or eliminate unnecessary requests.

Why this matters

High HTTP request count — bundling, sprite-ing, and HTTP/2 server push can reduce per-request overhead.

Source: web.dev

D
Third-Party Impact
Action
100% third-party, 0 ms blocking
FIX
100% third-party, 0 ms blocking
Warning::
Third-party code accounts for 100% of page weight (14.7 MiB of 14.7 MiB)
Info::
Third-party blocking time is low (0 ms)
100%
First-party Third-party
D
Page Weight Inventory
Action
134 resources · 14.7 MB · 113 KB savings available
FIX
134 resources · 14.7 MB · 113 KB savings available
Warning::
Page weight 13.7 MB over 1MB target
Got: 14.7 MB Expected: ≤ 1 MB
Info::
~113 KB of savings available
Warning::
133 third-party resources (100% of weight)
Info::
7 resources over 200KB
134 resources · 14.7 MiB · 133 third-party 13.7 MiB over 1MB target
Image 94% · 13.8 MiB
JavaScript 3% · 458.5 KiB
Other 2% · 267.7 KiB
Font 1% · 107.6 KiB
CSS 1% · 96.1 KiB
Document 0% · 9.3 KiB

~112.8 KiB of savings available

Remove unused JavaScript: 112.8 KiB
F
HTTP Caching
Action
No cache headers
FIX
No cache headers
Warning::
No Cache-Control header found
Browsers will use heuristic caching, which can be unpredictable. Set explicit cache headers.

No Cache-Control header

Adding a Cache-Control header can significantly improve repeat-visit performance.

C
Image Optimization
Action
24 images, 0 KB saveable
REVIEW
24 images, 0 KB saveable
Warning::
https://i0.wp.com/blog.ssrn.com/wp-content/uploads... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift
Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.
Warning::
https://i0.wp.com/blog.ssrn.com/wp-content/uploads... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift
Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.
Warning::
https://i0.wp.com/blog.ssrn.com/wp-content/uploads... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift
Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.
Warning::
https://i0.wp.com/blog.ssrn.com/wp-content/uploads... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift
Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.
24 images 13.8 MB
0 oversized -0 KB
4 legacy format
4 missing dimensions CLS risk

Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.

Why this matters

Image without explicit width/height — browser can't reserve space; CLS jumps when image loads.

Source: web.dev / Core Web Vitals

Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.

Why this matters

Image without explicit width/height — browser can't reserve space; CLS jumps when image loads.

Source: web.dev / Core Web Vitals

Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.

Why this matters

Image without explicit width/height — browser can't reserve space; CLS jumps when image loads.

Source: web.dev / Core Web Vitals

Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.

Why this matters

Image without explicit width/height — browser can't reserve space; CLS jumps when image loads.

Source: web.dev / Core Web Vitals

B
JS Execution Cost
946ms total JS execution
REVIEW
946ms total JS execution
Warning::
https://www.ssrn.com/ssrn/: 269ms CPU time
Warning::
https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/chunks/117-17835...: 261ms CPU time
Info::
Unattributable: 174ms CPU time
Info::
https://cdn.ssrn.com/ssrn-header-widget/static/js/...: 117ms CPU time
Info::
https://cdn.cookielaw.org/scripttemplates/202505.2...: 71ms CPU time
Warning::
Third-party scripts: 946ms (100% of total)

Main Thread Breakdown

Script Evaluation 37% Other 24% Style & Layout 19% Parse HTML & CSS 12% Rendering 5% Script Parsing & Compilation 4%
ScriptTotalScriptingParse/CompileParty
https://www.ssrn.com/ssrn/269ms1ms1ms3rd
https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/chunks/117-178354e50e9d31d2.js261ms151ms2ms3rd
Unattributable174ms36ms0ms3rd
https://cdn.ssrn.com/ssrn-header-widget/static/js/main.js117ms78ms13ms3rd
https://cdn.cookielaw.org/scripttemplates/202505.2.0/otBannerSdk.js71ms40ms11ms3rd
https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/chunks/fd9d1056-4917a1c645b02215.js54ms31ms5ms3rd
B
JS Bundles
14 scripts, 113 KB unused
REVIEW
14 scripts, 113 KB unused
Warning::
https://cdn.cookielaw.org/scripttemplates/202505.2...: 63 KB unused (53%)
Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code.
Warning::
https://cdn.ssrn.com/ssrn-header-widget/static/js/...: 50 KB unused (35%)
Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code.
Info::
Total unused JavaScript: 113 KB
113 KB unused JavaScript

Downloaded but never executed on this page.

ScriptSizeUnusedMinifiedParty
https://cdn.cookielaw.org/scripttemplates/202505.2.0/otBannerSdk.js119 KB63 KB (53%)✓3rd
https://cdn.ssrn.com/ssrn-header-widget/static/js/main.js143 KB50 KB (35%)✓3rd
https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/chunks/142-59b58a8ccf274b9a.js45 KB—✓3rd
https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/chunks/fd9d1056-4917a1c645b02215.js53 KB—✓3rd
https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/chunks/117-178354e50e9d31d2.js31 KB—✓3rd
https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/chunks/main-app-74e1b89d688e8afd.js0 KB—✓3rd
https://cdn.cookielaw.org/scripttemplates/otSDKStub.js9 KB—✓3rd
https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/chunks/667-6e8a9aee61851cfd.js3 KB—✓3rd
https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/chunks/app/layout-c4655cd09d65bda4.js9 KB—✓3rd
https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/chunks/270-4917c068f98cd316.js25 KB—✓3rd

Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code.

Why this matters

This bundle has high unused code — code-split or tree-shake to ship only what executes.

Source: web.dev / Lighthouse coverage

Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code.

Why this matters

This bundle has high unused code — code-split or tree-shake to ship only what executes.

Source: web.dev / Lighthouse coverage

C
Green Hosting
Action
Whether the site is served from green-energy infrastructure
REVIEW

Green Hosting

No green hosting detected

A+
Text Compression
All text resources are compressed
PASS
All text resources are compressed
Info::
All text resources are compressed
All text resources are properly compressed.
A+
Font Loading
3 fonts (108 KB)
PASS
3 fonts (108 KB)
Info::
3 font(s) use font-display: swap (FOUT risk but functional)

Web fonts

3

108 KB total

Render-blocking

0

of 3

Dominant font-display

swap

Most common across fonts

Font loading timeline
Transfer FOIT (block) FOUT (swap)
0 ms 1.0 s 2.0 s 3.0 s 4.0 s 5.0 s 6.0 s 7.0 s 8.0 s FCP 933 ms LCP 8.3 shttps://cdn.ssrn.com/ssrn-header-widget/static/media/national-2-regular.7b2a84863eeb3d17010b.woff2national-2-regular.7b2a... https://cdn.ssrn.com/ssrn-header-widget/static/media/national-2-regular.7b2a84863eeb3d17010b.woff2 — 34.9 KiB — 71 ms — font-display: swaphttps://cdn.ssrn.com/ssrn-header-widget/static/media/national-2-bold.4c57d7ca8313348d56b3.woff2national-2-bold.4c57d7c... https://cdn.ssrn.com/ssrn-header-widget/static/media/national-2-bold.4c57d7ca8313348d56b3.woff2 — 37.1 KiB — 39 ms — font-display: swaphttps://cdn.ssrn.com/ssrn-header-widget/static/media/national-2-regular-italic.de4e41971390deaecfd7.woff2national-2-regular-ital... https://cdn.ssrn.com/ssrn-header-widget/static/media/national-2-regular-italic.de4e41971390deaecfd7.woff2 — 35.6 KiB — 52 ms — font-display: swap
national-2-regular.7b2a... woff2 swap
Size 35 KB
Load time 71 ms
Start 385 ms
Risk FOUT — text flashes from fallback to web font
national-2-bold.4c57d7c... woff2 swap
Size 37 KB
Load time 39 ms
Start 2.6 s
Risk FOUT — text flashes from fallback to web font
national-2-regular-ital... woff2 swap
Size 36 KB
Load time 52 ms
Start 2.6 s
Risk FOUT — text flashes from fallback to web font
Optimization checklist
  • Preload critical fonts (priority=high)
  • Use woff2 format for all fonts
  • Set font-display to swap, optional, or fallback
  • Subset large fonts (≤100 KB each)
A+
Resource Caching
All resources properly cached
PASS
All resources properly cached
Info::
No caching issues found
All static resources have appropriate caching headers.
A+
Critical Rendering Path
No render-blocking resources
PASS
No render-blocking resources
Info::
No render-blocking resources detected
A+
Resource Hints
No optimization needed
PASS
No optimization needed
Info::
No resource hint issues
Network Waterfall
134 requests over 2931ms
INFO
0 ms 1.0 s 2.0 s 3.0 s 4.0 s 5.0 s 6.0 s 7.0 s 8.0 s FCP 933 ms LCP 8.3 shttps://ssrn.com// https://ssrn.com/ — 301 — 265 B — 117 ms — h2https://www.ssrn.com/www.ssrn.com/ https://www.ssrn.com/ — 302 — 423 B — 64 ms — h2https://www.ssrn.com/index.cfm/en/www.ssrn.com/index.cfm/en/ https://www.ssrn.com/index.cfm/en/ — 302 — 173 B — 28 ms — h2https://www.ssrn.com/ssrn/www.ssrn.com/ssrn/ https://www.ssrn.com/ssrn/ — 200 — 9.1 KiB — 32 ms — h2https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/3bd617dbee037194.csswww.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/3bd61... https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/3bd617dbee037194.css — 200 — 10.6 KiB — 50 ms — h2https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/7ad68ffecec8a42e.csswww.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/7ad68... https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/7ad68ffecec8a42e.css — 200 — 360 B — 33 ms — h2https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/d2ec8dd862440ac0.csswww.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/d2ec8... https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/d2ec8dd862440ac0.css — 200 — 3.5 KiB — 30 ms — h2https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/7df2c4717663ef59.csswww.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/7df2c... https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/7df2c4717663ef59.css — 200 — 180 B — 31 ms — h2https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/f8086cc7e67da4df.csswww.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/f8086... https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/f8086cc7e67da4df.css — 200 — 11.9 KiB — 33 ms — h2https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/dd62c054409f946b.csswww.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/dd62c... https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/dd62c054409f946b.css — 200 — 12.2 KiB — 33 ms — h2https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/e5daa796f8e97af5.csswww.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/e5daa... https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/e5daa796f8e97af5.css — 200 — 1.5 KiB — 40 ms — h2https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/1a5de88181f9d327.csswww.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/1a5de... https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/1a5de88181f9d327.css — 200 — 1.0 KiB — 38 ms — h2https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/a9f3c954f22a1070.csswww.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/a9f3c... https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/a9f3c954f22a1070.css — 200 — 4.6 KiB — 37 ms — h2https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/aea866b4c8bb6429.csswww.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/aea86... https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/aea866b4c8bb6429.css — 200 — 758 B — 40 ms — h2https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/637684e7f43e5282.csswww.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/63768... https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/637684e7f43e5282.css — 200 — 329 B — 41 ms — h2https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/8afa4d9fd3fde393.csswww.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/8afa4... https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/8afa4d9fd3fde393.css — 200 — 2.4 KiB — 35 ms — h2https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/b60c48eeaf897321.csswww.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/b60c4... https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/b60c48eeaf897321.css — 200 — 8.9 KiB — 46 ms — h2https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/9d4c10028fa61a55.csswww.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/9d4c1... https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/9d4c10028fa61a55.css — 200 — 13.2 KiB — 46 ms — h2https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/06284b296305f322.csswww.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/06284... https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/06284b296305f322.css — 200 — 1.7 KiB — 55 ms — h2https://cdn.cookielaw.org/scripttemplates/otSDKStub.jscdn.cookielaw.org/scripttemplates/o... https://cdn.cookielaw.org/scripttemplates/otSDKStub.js — 200 — 9.1 KiB — 85 ms — h2https://cdn.ssrn.com/ssrn-header-widget/static/js/main.jscdn.ssrn.com/ssrn-header-widget/sta... https://cdn.ssrn.com/ssrn-header-widget/static/js/main.js — 200 — 143.0 KiB — 138 ms — h2https://cdn.ssrn.com/ssrn-header-widget/static/css/main.csscdn.ssrn.com/ssrn-header-widget/sta... https://cdn.ssrn.com/ssrn-header-widget/static/css/main.css — 200 — 18.5 KiB — 93 ms — h2https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/chunks/webpack-e40af80718fbe323.jswww.ssrn.com/_next/static/chunks/we... https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/chunks/webpack-e40af80718fbe323.js — 200 — 1.8 KiB — 39 ms — h2https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/chunks/fd9d1056-4917a1c645b02215.jswww.ssrn.com/_next/static/chunks/fd... https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/chunks/fd9d1056-4917a1c645b02215.js — 200 — 52.6 KiB — 56 ms — h2https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/chunks/117-178354e50e9d31d2.jswww.ssrn.com/_next/static/chunks/11... https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/chunks/117-178354e50e9d31d2.js — 200 — 31.1 KiB — 55 ms — h2https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/chunks/main-app-74e1b89d688e8afd.jswww.ssrn.com/_next/static/chunks/ma... https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/chunks/main-app-74e1b89d688e8afd.js — 200 — 299 B — 58 ms — h2https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/chunks/142-59b58a8ccf274b9a.jswww.ssrn.com/_next/static/chunks/14... https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/chunks/142-59b58a8ccf274b9a.js — 200 — 44.9 KiB — 58 ms — h2https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/chunks/667-6e8a9aee61851cfd.jswww.ssrn.com/_next/static/chunks/66... https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/chunks/667-6e8a9aee61851cfd.js — 200 — 2.6 KiB — 50 ms — h2https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/chunks/app/layout-c4655cd09d65bda4.jswww.ssrn.com/_next/static/chunks/ap... https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/chunks/app/layout-c4655cd09d65bda4.js — 200 — 8.6 KiB — 54 ms — h2https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/chunks/270-4917c068f98cd316.jswww.ssrn.com/_next/static/chunks/27... https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/chunks/270-4917c068f98cd316.js — 200 — 24.9 KiB — 56 ms — h2
0 ms 1.0 s 2.0 s 3.0 s 4.0 s 5.0 s 6.0 s 7.0 s 8.0 s FCP 933 ms LCP 8.3 shttps://ssrn.com// https://ssrn.com/ — 301 — 265 B — 117 ms — h2https://www.ssrn.com/www.ssrn.com/ https://www.ssrn.com/ — 302 — 423 B — 64 ms — h2https://www.ssrn.com/index.cfm/en/www.ssrn.com/index.cfm/en/ https://www.ssrn.com/index.cfm/en/ — 302 — 173 B — 28 ms — h2https://www.ssrn.com/ssrn/www.ssrn.com/ssrn/ https://www.ssrn.com/ssrn/ — 200 — 9.1 KiB — 32 ms — h2https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/3bd617dbee037194.csswww.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/3bd61... https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/3bd617dbee037194.css — 200 — 10.6 KiB — 50 ms — h2https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/7ad68ffecec8a42e.csswww.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/7ad68... https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/7ad68ffecec8a42e.css — 200 — 360 B — 33 ms — h2https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/d2ec8dd862440ac0.csswww.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/d2ec8... https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/d2ec8dd862440ac0.css — 200 — 3.5 KiB — 30 ms — h2https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/7df2c4717663ef59.csswww.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/7df2c... https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/7df2c4717663ef59.css — 200 — 180 B — 31 ms — h2https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/f8086cc7e67da4df.csswww.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/f8086... https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/f8086cc7e67da4df.css — 200 — 11.9 KiB — 33 ms — h2https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/dd62c054409f946b.csswww.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/dd62c... https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/dd62c054409f946b.css — 200 — 12.2 KiB — 33 ms — h2https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/e5daa796f8e97af5.csswww.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/e5daa... https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/e5daa796f8e97af5.css — 200 — 1.5 KiB — 40 ms — h2https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/1a5de88181f9d327.csswww.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/1a5de... https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/1a5de88181f9d327.css — 200 — 1.0 KiB — 38 ms — 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HTML JavaScript CSS Images Fonts XHR/Fetch Other
Third-Party Script Cost
Per-script blocking time, transfer cost, and cache headers
INFO
100% of JavaScript execution is third-party
First-party Third-party 946ms · 416KB · $13/mo
www.ssrn.com
Other
Costly
Execution 269ms
Transfer 70 KB
Monthly Cost $4/mo
www.ssrn.com
Other
Costly
Execution 261ms
Transfer 31 KB
Monthly Cost $3/mo
Unattributable
Other
Optional
Execution 174ms
Transfer 0 KB
Monthly Cost $2/mo
cdn.ssrn.com
Other
Optional
Execution 117ms
Transfer 143 KB
Unused 35%
Monthly Cost $2/mo
OneTrust
Consent
Essential
Execution 71ms
Transfer 119 KB
Unused 53%
Monthly Cost $1/mo
www.ssrn.com
Other
Optional
Execution 54ms
Transfer 53 KB
Monthly Cost $1/mo

These scripts may cost more than they're worth

  • www.ssrn.com adds 269ms and costs ~$4/month
  • www.ssrn.com adds 261ms and costs ~$3/month

100% of JavaScript execution time is spent on third-party scripts. Consider auditing which scripts are essential.

Why this matters

When third-party JS execution time exceeds your own, performance gains from frontend work are capped by code you don't own.

Learn more ▾

Every millisecond of third-party JS competes with your own for main-thread time. If their share is bigger than yours, optimization on your code base barely moves the needle. Audit, defer, or remove third-parties before further frontend optimization. Use Lighthouse's third-party audit to identify the worst offenders.

Source: web.dev

www.ssrn.com takes 269ms of CPU time. Consider loading it asynchronously or replacing it with a lighter alternative.

Why this matters

This script has high main-thread execution time — optimize hot paths or defer.

Source: web.dev

www.ssrn.com takes 261ms of CPU time. Consider loading it asynchronously or replacing it with a lighter alternative.

Why this matters

This script has high main-thread execution time — optimize hot paths or defer.

Source: web.dev

53% of OneTrust's code is unused. The script may be loading features you don't use.

Why this matters

Bundle has high unused-code ratio — tree-shaking and route-splitting recover the wasted bytes.

Source: web.dev

How third-party costs are calculated

All checks on this page are automated. Results are estimates - run targeted manual reviews when the score affects a release decision.

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