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Lighthouse Desktop

· 0 checks — Desktop Lighthouse audit -- Performance, Accessibility, Best Practices, and SEO category breakdown.
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Detailed Report

Audit breakdown by category with detailed findings.

98

Performance

Insights

Remove large, duplicate JavaScript modules from bundles to reduce unnecessary bytes consumed by network activity.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Polyfills and transforms enable older browsers to use new JavaScript features. However, many aren't necessary for modern browsers. Consider modifying your JavaScript build process to not transpile Baseline features, unless you know you must support older browsers. Learn why most sites can deploy ES6+ code without transpiling

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

3rd party code can significantly impact load performance. Reduce and defer loading of 3rd party code to prioritize your page's content.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

A long cache lifetime can speed up repeat visits to your page. Learn more about caching.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

RequestCache TTLTransfer Size
/stackoverflow-M6HzSe6yue/mapping.base/prebid-wrapper.js3600.0 s81.4 KiB
/stackoverflow-M6HzSe6yue/mapping.base/prebid-load.js3600.0 s16.6 KiB
stackoverflow.com/Content/Js/full-anon.en.js?v=1184f324f5d2604800.0 s129.0 KiB
stackoverflow.com/Content/Shared/stacks.css?v=b2264ccf0463604800.0 s110.2 KiB
raven-static.aditude.io/prod/1.20.0-69wxiu/raven.js604800.0 s106.1 KiB
stackoverflow.com/Content/Sites/stackoverflow/primary.css?v=880dfade9e7f604800.0 s74.3 KiB
htlbid.com/build/a2ee31a1-0ef2-45b3-99cf-94d336413d23/htlbid.js600.0 s7.7 KiB
/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/g/scripts/jsd/fe6331af5207/...14400.0 s10.1 KiB
stackoverflow.com/Content/Js/webpack-chunks/svelte.en.js?v=f773033c4e0b604800.0 s32.1 KiB
/Content/Js/third-party/npm/@stackoverflow/stacks/dist/js...604800.0 s30.5 KiB
raven-edge.aditude.io/raven/stackoverflow-main-I67Hg/library.js300.0 s2.5 KiB
/components/htl-injector-component.5bfb169139602575ad82.js86400.0 s5.1 KiB
stackoverflow.com/Content/Js/stub.en.js?v=b6c076cce061604800.0 s18.1 KiB
stackoverflow.com/Content/Sites/stackoverflow/secondary.css?v=2a409df786e1604800.0 s17.5 KiB
/components/creative-timed-refresh-component.fadfb23da89a...86400.0 s4.1 KiB
stackoverflow.com/Content/Js/islands/homepage-wizard.en.js?v=a74b3480697c604800.0 s16.1 KiB
stackoverflow.com/Content/Js/webpack-chunks/stacks-svelte.en.js?v=297d3b9a88f6604800.0 s12.8 KiB
/components/first-party-data-component.f1108ab1a9f5c1ca41...86400.0 s2.9 KiB
/components/htl-prebid-floors-component.761185965871a7d8a...86400.0 s2.9 KiB
htlbid.com/v3/mapping.base/htlbid.js?v=1.4600.0 s1.1 KiB
stackoverflow.com/Content/Js/webpack-chunks/9366.en.js?v=c8d4e4e64bf3604800.0 s8.5 KiB
stackoverflow.com/Content/Js/islands/signup-modal.en.js?v=f64ec881ea96604800.0 s8.4 KiB
/Content/Js/webpack-chunks/stacks-svelte-labs.en.js?v=b9c...604800.0 s7.8 KiB
stackoverflow.com/Content/Js/webpack-chunks/7663.en.js?v=c67f16729ba4604800.0 s7.4 KiB
/components/throttle-refresh-component.df2a65d370ca58b8e6...86400.0 s1.6 KiB
/prod/1.20.0-69wxiu/prebid-analytics.1d629f71b0308758a727...604800.0 s5.6 KiB
/components/refresh-all-ads-component.62632b58cc66eceb8c3...86400.0 s1.4 KiB
stackoverflow.com/Content/Js/webpack-chunks/9001.en.js?v=3a153d433746604800.0 s5.2 KiB
stackoverflow.com/Content/Js/webpack-chunks/8339.en.js?v=4cb8dd34a7f9604800.0 s5.0 KiB
stackoverflow.com/Content/Shared/Channels/channels.css?v=d431b1be5a03604800.0 s4.7 KiB
/components/taboola-auto-tagId-component.a50caf82ef8584ff...86400.0 s1.1 KiB
stackoverflow.com/px.js?ch=214400.0 s548 B
stackoverflow.com/Content/Js/auth.en.js?v=4ab5d8f5659f604800.0 s3.5 KiB
stackoverflow.com/px.js?ch=114400.0 s370 B
stackoverflow.com/Content/Js/google-analytics.en.js?v=48615a9a9bc4604800.0 s2.4 KiB
stackoverflow.com/Content/Js/webpack-chunks/3696.en.js?v=7ef09fb6562b604800.0 s2.1 KiB
stackoverflow.com/Content/Js/webpack-chunks/620.en.js?v=a432091814d8604800.0 s1.7 KiB
stackoverflow.com/Content/Js/islands/one-tap.en.js?v=102f0378a2cf604800.0 s1.7 KiB
stackoverflow.com/Content/Js/sprinkles/left-nav-events.en.js?v=2ac13fd60bf6604800.0 s1.1 KiB
stackoverflow.com/Content/Js/sprinkles/cookie-consent.en.js?v=7ee6963139c5604800.0 s913 B
stackoverflow.com/Content/Js/webpack-chunks/2458.en.js?v=33cc3da05f78604800.0 s795 B
stackoverflow.com/Content/Sites/stackoverflow/Img/icon-48.png?v=6452e6a98212604800.0 s485 B

Avoid chaining critical requests by reducing the length of chains, reducing the download size of resources, or deferring the download of unnecessary resources to improve page load.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

description: [preconnect](https://developer.chrome.com/docs/lighthouse/performance/uses-rel-preconnect/) hints help the browser establish a connection earlier in the page load, saving time when the first request for that origin is made. The following are the origins that the page preconnected to.
title: Preconnected origins
value: no origins were preconnected
description: Add [preconnect](https://developer.chrome.com/docs/lighthouse/performance/uses-rel-preconnect/) hints to your most important origins, but try to use no more than 4.
title: Preconnect candidates
value: No additional origins are good candidates for preconnecting

Requests are blocking the page's initial render, which may delay LCP. Deferring or inlining can move these network requests out of the critical path.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

URLTransfer SizeDuration
stackoverflow.com/px.js?ch=1370 B
stackoverflow.com/px.js?ch=2548 B
ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.7.1/jquery.min.js30.4 KiB371 ms
cdn.cookielaw.org/scripttemplates/gpp.stub.js0 B230 ms
stackoverflow.com/Content/Sites/stackoverflow/secondary.css?v=2a409df786e117.5 KiB
stackoverflow.com/Content/Shared/stacks.css?v=b2264ccf0463110.2 KiB365 ms
stackoverflow.com/Content/Sites/stackoverflow/primary.css?v=880dfade9e7f74.3 KiB104 ms
cdn.cookielaw.org/scripttemplates/otSDKStub.js0 B230 ms
stackoverflow.com/Content/Js/stub.en.js?v=b6c076cce06118.1 KiB
stackoverflow.com/Content/Js/auth.en.js?v=4ab5d8f5659f3.5 KiB
stackoverflow.com/Content/Js/google-analytics.en.js?v=48615a9a9bc42.4 KiB52 ms
stackoverflow.com/Content/Shared/Channels/channels.css?v=d431b1be5a034.7 KiB

These insights are also available in the Chrome DevTools Performance Panel - record a trace to view more detailed information.

Diagnostics

Reduce unused rules from stylesheets and defer CSS not used for above-the-fold content to decrease bytes consumed by network activity. Learn how to reduce unused CSS.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Estimated savings: 210 ms 195.2 KiB
URLTransfer SizeEst Savings
stackoverflow.com/Content/Shared/stacks.css?v=b2264ccf0463110.1 KiB105.5 KiB
stackoverflow.com/Content/Sites/stackoverflow/primary.css?v=880dfade9e7f74.2 KiB72.4 KiB
stackoverflow.com/Content/Sites/stackoverflow/secondary.css?v=2a409df786e117.4 KiB17.4 KiB

Reduce unused JavaScript and defer loading scripts until they are required to decrease bytes consumed by network activity. Learn how to reduce unused JavaScript.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Estimated savings: 50 ms 653.7 KiB
URLTransfer SizeEst Savings
/pagead/managed/js/gpt/m202604300101/pubads_impl.js188.9 KiB139.8 KiB
/prebid/9.30.0.js?fork=1&v=6167788a58e716d678c6d136265c85...135.8 KiB100.5 KiB
stackoverflow.com/Content/Js/full-anon.en.js?v=1184f324f5d2128.7 KiB95.1 KiB
accounts.google.com/gsi/client95.5 KiB71.9 KiB
raven-static.aditude.io/prod/1.20.0-69wxiu/raven.js105.8 KiB63.4 KiB
www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-WCZ03SZFCQ154.3 KiB61.7 KiB
/stackoverflow-M6HzSe6yue/mapping.base/prebid-wrapper.js81.0 KiB36.5 KiB
stackoverflow.com/Content/Js/webpack-chunks/svelte.en.js?v=f773033c4e0b32.0 KiB31.8 KiB
stackoverflow.com/Content/Js/webpack-chunks/svelte.en.js?v=f773033c4e0b32.0 KiB31.8 KiB
/Content/Js/third-party/npm/@stackoverflow/stacks/dist/js...30.4 KiB20.9 KiB

More information about the performance of your application. These numbers don't directly affect the Performance score.

●Time to Interactive 2.4 s
●Layout shift culprits
●Document request latency
●Optimize DOM size
●Font display
●Forced reflow
●Improve image delivery
●LCP breakdown
●Modern HTTP
●Optimize viewport for mobile
●Max Potential First Input Delay 60 ms
●Minify CSS
●Minify JavaScript
●Avoids enormous network payloads Total size was 1,458 KiB
●JavaScript execution time 0.2 s
●Minimizes main-thread work 0.7 s
●Avoid long main-thread tasks 1 long task found
●Image elements have explicit `width` and `height`
●Page didn't prevent back/forward cache restoration
●Network Requests
●Network Round Trip Times 100 ms
●Server Backend Latencies 30 ms
●Tasks
●Diagnostics
●Metrics
●Screenshot Thumbnails
●Final Screenshot
●Script Treemap Data
●Resources Summary
●Avoid multiple page redirects
●Initial server response time was short Root document took 160 ms
○INP breakdown
○LCP request discovery
○User Timing marks and measures
○Avoid non-composited animations
○Avoid large layout shifts
90

Accessibility

These checks highlight opportunities to improve the accessibility of your web app. Automatic detection can only detect a subset of issues and does not guarantee the accessibility of your web app, so manual testing is also encouraged.

Contrast

Low-contrast text is difficult or impossible for many users to read. Learn how to provide sufficient color contrast.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Failing Elements
Sign up div#content > div.flex--item > div.mx-auto > a

These are opportunities to improve the legibility of your content.

Names and labels

Link text (and alternate text for images, when used as links) that is discernible, unique, and focusable improves the navigation experience for screen reader users. Learn how to make links accessible.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Failing Elements
body.universal-auth-page > header.s-topbar > div.s-topbar--container > a.s-topbar--menu-btn body.universal-auth-page > header.s-topbar > div.s-topbar--container > a.s-topbar--menu-btn
div#content > div.flex--item > div.ta-center > a div#content > div.flex--item > div.ta-center > a

These are opportunities to improve the semantics of the controls in your application. This may enhance the experience for users of assistive technology, like a screen reader.

Best practices

One main landmark helps screen reader users navigate a web page. Learn more about landmarks.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Failing Elements
html.html__responsive html.html__responsive

These items highlight common accessibility best practices.

○Interactive controls are keyboard focusable
○Interactive elements indicate their purpose and state
○The page has a logical tab order
○Visual order on the page follows DOM order
○User focus is not accidentally trapped in a region
○The user's focus is directed to new content added to the page
○HTML5 landmark elements are used to improve navigation
○Offscreen content is hidden from assistive technology
○Custom controls have associated labels
○Custom controls have ARIA roles
●`[aria-*]` attributes match their roles
●`[aria-hidden="true"]` is not present on the document `<body>`
●`[role]`s have all required `[aria-*]` attributes
●`[role]` values are valid
●`[aria-*]` attributes have valid values
●`[aria-*]` attributes are valid and not misspelled
●Buttons have an accessible name
●Form elements have associated labels
●`[user-scalable="no"]` is not used in the `<meta name="viewport">` element and the `[maximum-scale]` attribute is not less than 5.
●ARIA attributes are used as specified for the element's role
●`[aria-hidden="true"]` elements do not contain focusable descendents
●Elements use only permitted ARIA attributes
●Document has a `<title>` element
●`<html>` element has a `[lang]` attribute
●`<html>` element has a valid value for its `[lang]` attribute
●Links are distinguishable without relying on color.
●Lists contain only `<li>` elements and script supporting elements (`<script>` and `<template>`).
●List items (`<li>`) are contained within `<ul>`, `<ol>` or `<menu>` parent elements
●Touch targets have sufficient size and spacing.
●Deprecated ARIA roles were not used
●ARIA IDs are unique
●Uses ARIA roles only on compatible elements
○`[accesskey]` values are unique
○`button`, `link`, and `menuitem` elements have accessible names
○Elements with `role="dialog"` or `role="alertdialog"` have accessible names.
○ARIA input fields have accessible names
○ARIA `meter` elements have accessible names
○ARIA `progressbar` elements have accessible names
○Elements with an ARIA `[role]` that require children to contain a specific `[role]` have all required children.
○`[role]`s are contained by their required parent element
○Elements with the `role=text` attribute do not have focusable descendents.
○ARIA toggle fields have accessible names
○ARIA `tooltip` elements have accessible names
○ARIA `treeitem` elements have accessible names
○The page contains a heading, skip link, or landmark region
○`<dl>`'s contain only properly-ordered `<dt>` and `<dd>` groups, `<script>`, `<template>` or `<div>` elements.
○Definition list items are wrapped in `<dl>` elements
○No form fields have multiple labels
○`<frame>` or `<iframe>` elements have a title
○Heading elements appear in a sequentially-descending order
○`<html>` element has an `[xml:lang]` attribute with the same base language as the `[lang]` attribute.
○Image elements have `[alt]` attributes
○Input buttons have discernible text.
○`<input type="image">` elements have `[alt]` text
○The document does not use `<meta http-equiv="refresh">`
○`<object>` elements have alternate text
○Select elements have associated label elements.
○Skip links are focusable.
○No element has a `[tabindex]` value greater than 0
○Cells in a `<table>` element that use the `[headers]` attribute refer to table cells within the same table.
○`<th>` elements and elements with `[role="columnheader"/"rowheader"]` have data cells they describe.
○`[lang]` attributes have a valid value
○`<video>` elements contain a `<track>` element with `[kind="captions"]`
○Tables have different content in the summary attribute and `<caption>`.
○All heading elements contain content.
○Image elements do not have `[alt]` attributes that are redundant text.
○Identical links have the same purpose.
○Elements with visible text labels have matching accessible names.
○Tables use `<caption>` instead of cells with the `[colspan]` attribute to indicate a caption.
○`<td>` elements in a large `<table>` have one or more table headers.
77

Best Practices

General

Deprecated APIs will eventually be removed from the browser. Learn more about deprecated APIs.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Deprecation / WarningSource
SharedStorage
stackoverflow.com/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/scripts/jsd/main.js
StorageType.persistent is deprecated. Please use standardized navigator.storage instead.
stackoverflow.com/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/scripts/jsd/main.js
Fledge
stackoverflow.com/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/scripts/jsd/main.js

Errors logged to the console indicate unresolved problems. They can come from network request failures and other browser concerns. Learn more about this errors in console diagnostic audit

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

SourceDescription
stackoverflow.com/users/login
Not signed in with the identity provider.
●Uses HTTPS
●Avoids third-party cookies
●Allows users to paste into input fields
●Avoids requesting the geolocation permission on page load
●Avoids requesting the notification permission on page load
●Displays images with correct aspect ratio
●Serves images with appropriate resolution
●Page has the HTML doctype
●Properly defines charset
●No issues in the `Issues` panel in Chrome Devtools
●Ensure CSP is effective against XSS attacks
●Use a strong HSTS policy
●Ensure proper origin isolation with COOP
●Mitigate DOM-based XSS with Trusted Types
●Detected JavaScript libraries
●Page has valid source maps
○Redirects HTTP traffic to HTTPS
○Mitigate clickjacking with XFO or CSP
80

SEO

These checks ensure that your page is following basic search engine optimization advice. There are many additional factors Lighthouse does not score here that may affect your search ranking, including performance on Core Web Vitals. Learn more about Google Search Essentials.

Content Best Practices

Meta descriptions may be included in search results to concisely summarize page content. Learn more about the meta description.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Descriptive link text helps search engines understand your content. Learn how to make links more accessible.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Link destinationLink Text
/internal/?utm_medium=referral&utm_source=stackoverflow-c...Learn more
/internal/?utm_medium=referral&utm_source=stackoverflow-c...Learn more

Format your HTML in a way that enables crawlers to better understand your app’s content.

○Structured data is valid
●Page isn’t blocked from indexing
●Document has a `<title>` element
●Page has successful HTTP status code
●Links are crawlable
●Document has a valid `hreflang`
○robots.txt is valid
○Image elements have `[alt]` attributes
○Document has a valid `rel=canonical`

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