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Lighthouse Desktop

· 0 checks — Desktop Lighthouse audit -- Performance, Accessibility, Best Practices, and SEO category breakdown.
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Detailed Report

Audit breakdown by category with detailed findings.

77

Performance

Insights

Remove large, duplicate JavaScript modules from bundles to reduce unnecessary bytes consumed by network activity.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Polyfills and transforms enable older browsers to use new JavaScript features. However, many aren't necessary for modern browsers. Consider modifying your JavaScript build process to not transpile Baseline features, unless you know you must support older browsers. Learn why most sites can deploy ES6+ code without transpiling

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

3rd party code can significantly impact load performance. Reduce and defer loading of 3rd party code to prioritize your page's content.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

A long cache lifetime can speed up repeat visits to your page. Learn more about caching.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

RequestCache TTLTransfer Size
copyright.gov/registration/gr2d/images/GR2D-HomePageSlider.jpg14400.0 s908.2 KiB
copyright.gov/img/slider-ccb.jpg14400.0 s823.5 KiB
/intellectual-property-toolkits/images/IPToolkits-HomePag...14400.0 s756.5 KiB
copyright.gov/img/CPRS-slider-image.jpg14400.0 s741.4 KiB
copyright.gov/img/carousel-1.jpg14400.0 s593.5 KiB
/intellectual-property-toolkits/images/IPToolkit-Homepage...14400.0 s545.3 KiB
copyright.gov/img/Who%20We%20Are.jpg14400.0 s520.5 KiB
copyright.gov/img/Register%20Your%20Works.jpg14400.0 s473.0 KiB
copyright.gov/img/Search%20Our%20Records.jpg14400.0 s427.8 KiB
copyright.gov/img/Copyright%20Law.jpg14400.0 s419.3 KiB
copyright.gov/img/Fees.jpg14400.0 s384.0 KiB
copyright.gov/img/slider-strategic-plan-2022.jpg14400.0 s348.8 KiB
copyright.gov/img/Recordation.jpg14400.0 s331.6 KiB
copyright.gov/img/copyright-exhibit-tag.png14400.0 s285.1 KiB
copyright.gov/img/Brushes.png14400.0 s147.9 KiB
copyright.gov/img/x-logo.png14400.0 s100.8 KiB
assets.adobedtm.com/f94f5647937d/7b4a1bfefdc2/launch-b8f26e4510d8.min.js3600.0 s62.2 KiB
cdn.loc.gov/loader/player/media.js172800.0 s87.4 KiB
copyright.gov/img/chevron-arrow-down.png14400.0 s30.6 KiB
copyright.gov/img/cp-logo2.png14400.0 s7.3 KiB
copyright.gov/img/LI-In-Bug.png14400.0 s6.0 KiB
copyright.gov/img/RSS.png14400.0 s2.3 KiB
copyright.gov/css/styles.css14400.0 s1.5 KiB
copyright.gov/img/YouTube.png14400.0 s1.4 KiB
cdn.loc.gov/loader/css/style.css172800.0 s2.3 KiB

Consider setting font-display to swap or optional to ensure text is consistently visible. swap can be further optimized to mitigate layout shifts with font metric overrides.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

URLEst Savings
/font-awesome/4.7.0/fonts/fontawesome-webfont.woff2?v=4.7.025 ms

Reducing the download time of images can improve the perceived load time of the page and LCP. Learn more about optimizing image size

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

URLResource SizeEst Savings
Illustration of the Copyright Registration Toolkit displayed on a tablet div.container-xl > div.row > div.col-md-6 > img.img-fluid
/intellectual-property-toolkits/images/IPToolkit-Homepage...544.5 KiB523.6 KiB
Copyright seal and ribbon on certificate div#myCarousel > div.carousel-inner > div.carousel-item > img.img-fluid
copyright.gov/img/carousel-1.jpg592.8 KiB518.2 KiB
Staff giving tour div.row > div.col-md-4 > div.card > img.card-img-top
copyright.gov/img/Who%20We%20Are.jpg519.8 KiB512.8 KiB
Person typing on laptop, registering div.row > div.col-md-4 > div.card > img.card-img-top
copyright.gov/img/Register%20Your%20Works.jpg472.4 KiB465.3 KiB
Old copyright registration certificate; books div.row > div.col-md-4 > div.card > img.card-img-top
copyright.gov/img/Search%20Our%20Records.jpg427.2 KiB420.1 KiB
Glasses on top of book; books on shelves div.row > div.col-md-4 > div.card > img.card-img-top
copyright.gov/img/Copyright%20Law.jpg418.8 KiB411.7 KiB
Person using calculator div.row > div.col-md-4 > div.card > img.card-img-top
copyright.gov/img/Fees.jpg383.4 KiB376.4 KiB
Person signing document div.row > div.col-md-4 > div.card > img.card-img-top
copyright.gov/img/Recordation.jpg331.2 KiB324.1 KiB
Find Yourself in Copyright. Explore how copyright serves all of us, incentivizi… div.row > div.col-md-6 > a > img.img-fluid
copyright.gov/img/copyright-exhibit-tag.png284.6 KiB260.3 KiB
paint brushes div.container-xl > div.row > div.col-lg-4 > img#brushes
copyright.gov/img/Brushes.png147.6 KiB139.4 KiB
X Icon ul.list-inline > li.list-inline-item > a > img.img-fluid
copyright.gov/img/x-logo.png100.6 KiB100.6 KiB
Copyright div.container-xl > div.row > div.col-sm > img
copyright.gov/img/cp-logo2.png7.2 KiB5.9 KiB
LinkedIn icon ul.list-inline > li.list-inline-item > a > img.img-fluid
copyright.gov/img/LI-In-Bug.png5.8 KiB5.8 KiB

Optimize LCP by making the LCP image discoverable from the HTML immediately, and avoiding lazy-loading

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

lhId: page-1-IMG
nodeLabel: Copyright seal and ribbon on certificate
path: 1,HTML,2,BODY,2,MAIN,2,DIV,1,DIV,1,DIV,0,IMG
selector: div#myCarousel > div.carousel-inner > div.carousel-item > img.img-fluid
snippet: <img class="img-fluid w-100" src="/img/carousel-1.jpg" alt="Copyright seal and ribbon on certificate">

Avoid chaining critical requests by reducing the length of chains, reducing the download size of resources, or deferring the download of unnecessary resources to improve page load.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

description: [preconnect](https://developer.chrome.com/docs/lighthouse/performance/uses-rel-preconnect/) hints help the browser establish a connection earlier in the page load, saving time when the first request for that origin is made. The following are the origins that the page preconnected to.
title: Preconnected origins
value: no origins were preconnected
description: Add [preconnect](https://developer.chrome.com/docs/lighthouse/performance/uses-rel-preconnect/) hints to your most important origins, but try to use no more than 4.
title: Preconnect candidates

Requests are blocking the page's initial render, which may delay LCP. Deferring or inlining can move these network requests out of the critical path.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

URLTransfer SizeDuration
cdn.loc.gov/loader/player/media.js87.4 KiB453 ms
stackpath.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.4.1/js/bootstrap.min.js16.7 KiB329 ms
stackpath.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.4.1/css/bootstrap.min.css24.8 KiB344 ms
cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/popper.js@1.16.0/dist/umd/popper.min.js8.2 KiB212 ms
code.jquery.com/jquery-3.5.1.min.js30.5 KiB323 ms
stackpath.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.7.0/css/font-awesome.min.css7.4 KiB285 ms
copyright.gov/css/styles.css1.5 KiB

These insights are also available in the Chrome DevTools Performance Panel - record a trace to view more detailed information.

Time to Interactive is the amount of time it takes for the page to become fully interactive. Learn more about the Time to Interactive metric.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

TTI

Diagnostics

Reduce unused JavaScript and defer loading scripts until they are required to decrease bytes consumed by network activity. Learn how to reduce unused JavaScript.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Estimated savings: 80 ms 96.9 KiB
URLTransfer SizeEst Savings
cdn.loc.gov/loader/player/media.js87.1 KiB72.7 KiB
assets.adobedtm.com/f94f5647937d/7b4a1bfefdc2/launch-b8f26e4510d8.min.js62.0 KiB24.2 KiB

Minifying JavaScript files can reduce payload sizes and script parse time. Learn how to minify JavaScript.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Estimated savings: 0.0 ms 12.6 KiB
URLTransfer SizeEst Savings
cdn.loc.gov/loader/player/media.js87.1 KiB12.6 KiB

Reduce unused rules from stylesheets and defer CSS not used for above-the-fold content to decrease bytes consumed by network activity. Learn how to reduce unused CSS.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Estimated savings: 0.0 ms 21.7 KiB
URLTransfer SizeEst Savings
stackpath.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.4.1/css/bootstrap.min.css24.2 KiB21.7 KiB

Large network payloads cost users real money and are highly correlated with long load times. Learn how to reduce payload sizes.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

URLTransfer Size
copyright.gov/registration/gr2d/images/GR2D-HomePageSlider.jpg908.2 KiB
copyright.gov/img/slider-ccb.jpg823.5 KiB
/intellectual-property-toolkits/images/IPToolkits-HomePag...756.5 KiB
copyright.gov/img/CPRS-slider-image.jpg741.4 KiB
copyright.gov/img/carousel-1.jpg593.5 KiB
/intellectual-property-toolkits/images/IPToolkit-Homepage...545.3 KiB
copyright.gov/img/Who%20We%20Are.jpg520.5 KiB
copyright.gov/img/Register%20Your%20Works.jpg473.0 KiB
copyright.gov/img/Search%20Our%20Records.jpg427.8 KiB
copyright.gov/img/Copyright%20Law.jpg419.3 KiB

Set an explicit width and height on image elements to reduce layout shifts and improve CLS. Learn how to set image dimensions

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

URL
X Icon ul.list-inline > li.list-inline-item > a > img.img-fluid
copyright.gov/img/x-logo.png
Case Act div#myCarousel > div.carousel-inner > div.carousel-item > img.img-fluid
copyright.gov/img/slider-ccb.jpg
Old copyright registration certificate; books div.row > div.col-md-4 > div.card > img.card-img-top
copyright.gov/img/Search%20Our%20Records.jpg
Person typing on laptop, registering div.row > div.col-md-4 > div.card > img.card-img-top
copyright.gov/img/Register%20Your%20Works.jpg
Person signing document div.row > div.col-md-4 > div.card > img.card-img-top
copyright.gov/img/Recordation.jpg
Glasses on top of book; books on shelves div.row > div.col-md-4 > div.card > img.card-img-top
copyright.gov/img/Copyright%20Law.jpg
Staff giving tour div.row > div.col-md-4 > div.card > img.card-img-top
copyright.gov/img/Who%20We%20Are.jpg
Person using calculator div.row > div.col-md-4 > div.card > img.card-img-top
copyright.gov/img/Fees.jpg
Find Yourself in Copyright. Explore how copyright serves all of us, incentivizi… div.row > div.col-md-6 > a > img.img-fluid
copyright.gov/img/copyright-exhibit-tag.png
Illustration of the Copyright Registration Toolkit displayed on a tablet div.container-xl > div.row > div.col-md-6 > img.img-fluid
/intellectual-property-toolkits/images/IPToolkit-Homepage...
LinkedIn icon ul.list-inline > li.list-inline-item > a > img.img-fluid
copyright.gov/img/LI-In-Bug.png
Copyright logo header > nav#first-navbar > a.navbar-brand > img
copyright.gov/img/cp-logo2.png
Copyright div.container-xl > div.row > div.col-sm > img
copyright.gov/img/cp-logo2.png
YouTube Icon ul.list-inline > li.list-inline-item > a > img.img-fluid
copyright.gov/img/YouTube.png
RSS Feed Icon ul.list-inline > li.list-inline-item > a > img.img-fluid
copyright.gov/img/RSS.png

More information about the performance of your application. These numbers don't directly affect the Performance score.

●Max Potential First Input Delay 80 ms
●Layout shift culprits
●Document request latency
●Optimize DOM size
●Forced reflow
●LCP breakdown
●Modern HTTP
●Optimize viewport for mobile
●Minify CSS
●JavaScript execution time 0.1 s
●Minimizes main-thread work 0.4 s
●Avoid long main-thread tasks 1 long task found
●Page didn't prevent back/forward cache restoration
●Network Requests
●Network Round Trip Times 20 ms
●Server Backend Latencies 40 ms
●Tasks
●Diagnostics
●Metrics
●Screenshot Thumbnails
●Final Screenshot
●Script Treemap Data
●Resources Summary
●Avoid multiple page redirects
●Initial server response time was short Root document took 20 ms
●Avoid large layout shifts 2 layout shifts found
○INP breakdown
○User Timing marks and measures
○Avoid non-composited animations
96

Accessibility

These checks highlight opportunities to improve the accessibility of your web app. Automatic detection can only detect a subset of issues and does not guarantee the accessibility of your web app, so manual testing is also encouraged.

Best practices

Touch targets with sufficient size and spacing help users who may have difficulty targeting small controls to activate the targets. Learn more about touch targets.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Failing Elements
Overview div.col-sm > ul.list-unstyled > li > a.text-white
Leadership div.col-sm > ul.list-unstyled > li > a.text-white
History and Education div.col-sm > ul.list-unstyled > li > a.text-white
Continuous Development div.col-sm > ul.list-unstyled > li > a.text-white
Small Claims div.col-sm > ul.list-unstyled > li > a.text-white
Annual Reports div.col-sm > ul.list-unstyled > li > a.text-white
Strategic Plans div.col-sm > ul.list-unstyled > li > a.text-white
IT Reports div.col-sm > ul.list-unstyled > li > a.text-white
NewsNet div.col-sm > ul.list-unstyled > li > a.text-white
Events div.col-sm > ul.list-unstyled > li > a.text-white
Careers div.col-sm > ul.list-unstyled > li > a.text-white
Internships div.col-sm > ul.list-unstyled > li > a.text-white
Kaminstein Program div.col-sm > ul.list-unstyled > li > a.text-white
Ringer Fellowship div.col-sm > ul.list-unstyled > li > a.text-white
Frequently Asked Questions div.col-sm > ul.list-unstyled > li > a.text-white
Online Registration Help div.col-sm > ul.list-unstyled > li > a.text-white
Tutorials div.col-sm > ul.list-unstyled > li > a.text-white
Password Help div.col-sm > ul.list-unstyled > li > a.text-white
Preguntas Frecuentes div.col-sm > ul.list-unstyled > li > a.text-white
Contact Forms div.col-sm > ul.list-unstyled > li > a.text-white
Visitor Information div.col-sm > ul.list-unstyled > li > a.text-white
Addresses div.col-sm > ul.list-unstyled > li > a.text-white

These items highlight common accessibility best practices.

○Interactive controls are keyboard focusable
○Interactive elements indicate their purpose and state
○The page has a logical tab order
○Visual order on the page follows DOM order
○User focus is not accidentally trapped in a region
○The user's focus is directed to new content added to the page
○HTML5 landmark elements are used to improve navigation
○Offscreen content is hidden from assistive technology
○Custom controls have associated labels
○Custom controls have ARIA roles
●`[aria-*]` attributes match their roles
●`[aria-hidden="true"]` is not present on the document `<body>`
●`[role]`s have all required `[aria-*]` attributes
●`[role]` values are valid
●`[aria-*]` attributes have valid values
●`[aria-*]` attributes are valid and not misspelled
●Buttons have an accessible name
●Image elements have `[alt]` attributes
●Form elements have associated labels
●`[user-scalable="no"]` is not used in the `<meta name="viewport">` element and the `[maximum-scale]` attribute is not less than 5.
●ARIA attributes are used as specified for the element's role
●`[aria-hidden="true"]` elements do not contain focusable descendents
●Elements use only permitted ARIA attributes
●Background and foreground colors have a sufficient contrast ratio
●Document has a `<title>` element
●`<html>` element has a `[lang]` attribute
●`<html>` element has a valid value for its `[lang]` attribute
●Links are distinguishable without relying on color.
●Links have a discernible name
●Lists contain only `<li>` elements and script supporting elements (`<script>` and `<template>`).
●List items (`<li>`) are contained within `<ul>`, `<ol>` or `<menu>` parent elements
●Heading elements appear in a sequentially-descending order
●Document has a main landmark.
●Deprecated ARIA roles were not used
●ARIA IDs are unique
●Identical links have the same purpose.
●Elements with visible text labels have matching accessible names.
○`[accesskey]` values are unique
○`button`, `link`, and `menuitem` elements have accessible names
○Elements with `role="dialog"` or `role="alertdialog"` have accessible names.
○ARIA input fields have accessible names
○ARIA `meter` elements have accessible names
○ARIA `progressbar` elements have accessible names
○Elements with an ARIA `[role]` that require children to contain a specific `[role]` have all required children.
○`[role]`s are contained by their required parent element
○Elements with the `role=text` attribute do not have focusable descendents.
○ARIA toggle fields have accessible names
○ARIA `tooltip` elements have accessible names
○ARIA `treeitem` elements have accessible names
○The page contains a heading, skip link, or landmark region
○`<dl>`'s contain only properly-ordered `<dt>` and `<dd>` groups, `<script>`, `<template>` or `<div>` elements.
○Definition list items are wrapped in `<dl>` elements
○No form fields have multiple labels
○`<frame>` or `<iframe>` elements have a title
○`<html>` element has an `[xml:lang]` attribute with the same base language as the `[lang]` attribute.
○Input buttons have discernible text.
○`<input type="image">` elements have `[alt]` text
○The document does not use `<meta http-equiv="refresh">`
○`<object>` elements have alternate text
○Select elements have associated label elements.
○Skip links are focusable.
○No element has a `[tabindex]` value greater than 0
○Cells in a `<table>` element that use the `[headers]` attribute refer to table cells within the same table.
○`<th>` elements and elements with `[role="columnheader"/"rowheader"]` have data cells they describe.
○`[lang]` attributes have a valid value
○`<video>` elements contain a `<track>` element with `[kind="captions"]`
○Tables have different content in the summary attribute and `<caption>`.
○All heading elements contain content.
○Uses ARIA roles only on compatible elements
○Image elements do not have `[alt]` attributes that are redundant text.
○Tables use `<caption>` instead of cells with the `[colspan]` attribute to indicate a caption.
○`<td>` elements in a large `<table>` have one or more table headers.
100

Best Practices

●Uses HTTPS
●Avoids deprecated APIs
●Avoids third-party cookies
●Allows users to paste into input fields
●Avoids requesting the geolocation permission on page load
●Avoids requesting the notification permission on page load
●Displays images with correct aspect ratio
●Serves images with appropriate resolution
●Page has the HTML doctype
●Properly defines charset
●No browser errors logged to the console
●No issues in the `Issues` panel in Chrome Devtools
●Ensure CSP is effective against XSS attacks
●Ensure proper origin isolation with COOP
●Mitigate DOM-based XSS with Trusted Types
●Detected JavaScript libraries
●Page has valid source maps
○Redirects HTTP traffic to HTTPS
○Use a strong HSTS policy
○Mitigate clickjacking with XFO or CSP
83

SEO

These checks ensure that your page is following basic search engine optimization advice. There are many additional factors Lighthouse does not score here that may affect your search ranking, including performance on Core Web Vitals. Learn more about Google Search Essentials.

Content Best Practices

Descriptive link text helps search engines understand your content. Learn how to make links more accessible.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Link destinationLink Text
copyright.gov/what-is-copyright/Learn More
copyright.gov/public-records/Learn More
copyright.gov/registration/Learn More
copyright.gov/recordation/Learn More
copyright.gov/title17/Learn More
copyright.gov/about/Learn More
copyright.gov/about/fees.htmlLearn More
copyright.gov/intellectual-property-toolkits/Learn more

Format your HTML in a way that enables crawlers to better understand your app’s content.

Crawling and Indexing

If your robots.txt file is malformed, crawlers may not be able to understand how you want your website to be crawled or indexed. Learn more about robots.txt.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

To appear in search results, crawlers need access to your app.

○Structured data is valid
●Page isn’t blocked from indexing
●Document has a `<title>` element
●Document has a meta description
●Page has successful HTTP status code
●Links are crawlable
●Image elements have `[alt]` attributes
●Document has a valid `hreflang`
○Document has a valid `rel=canonical`

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