Lighthouse Mobile

· 0 checks — Mobile Lighthouse audit -- Performance, Accessibility, Best Practices, and SEO category breakdown.

SCORE

GRADE

FIX

REVIEW

PASS

INFO

Detailed Report

Audit breakdown by category with detailed findings.

Performance

Insights

Remove large, duplicate JavaScript modules from bundles to reduce unnecessary bytes consumed by network activity.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Polyfills and transforms enable older browsers to use new JavaScript features. However, many aren't necessary for modern browsers. Consider modifying your JavaScript build process to not transpile Baseline features, unless you know you must support older browsers. Learn why most sites can deploy ES6+ code without transpiling

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

3rd party code can significantly impact load performance. Reduce and defer loading of 3rd party code to prioritize your page's content.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Layout shifts occur when elements move absent any user interaction. Investigate the causes of layout shifts, such as elements being added, removed, or their fonts changing as the page loads.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

headings: [map[key:node label:Element subItemsHeading:map[key:extra] valueType:node] map[granularity:0.001 key:score label:Layout shift score subItemsHeading:map[key:cause valueType:text] valueType:numeric]]

items: [map[node:map[type:text value:Total] score:0.305782] map[node:map[boundingRect:map[bottom:1979 height:1524 left:0 right:412 top:455 width:412] lhId:page-11-DIV nodeLabel:UK TOP 20 3rd in Scotland and Top 20 in the UK in the Guardian University Guid… path:1,HTML,1,BODY,3,MAIN,2,DIV selector:body.has-overlay-header > main#main > div.section snippet:<div class="section flexible-tile-section flexible-tile-18577 theme-foundation flexibl…"> type:node] score:0.151205] map[node:map[boundingRect:map[bottom:1461 height:487 left:11 right:402 top:974 width:391] lhId:page-16-DIV nodeLabel:SATISFACTION 3rd in Scotland, Wales and N Ireland for student satisfaction in … path:1,HTML,1,BODY,3,MAIN,2,DIV,0,DIV,1,DIV,1,DIV selector:div.section > div.container > div.flexible-tile-container > div snippet:<div> type:node] score:0.127467] map[node:map[boundingRect:map[bottom:1979 height:1524 left:0 right:412 top:455 width:412] lhId:page-11-DIV nodeLabel:UK TOP 20 3rd in Scotland and Top 20 in the UK in the Guardian University Guid… path:1,HTML,1,BODY,3,MAIN,2,DIV selector:body.has-overlay-header > main#main > div.section snippet:<div class="section flexible-tile-section flexible-tile-18577 theme-foundation flexibl…"> type:node] score:0.02705] map[node:map[boundingRect:map[bottom:68 height:45 left:337 right:390 top:23 width:53] lhId:page-15-DIV nodeLabel:Menu and search path:1,HTML,1,BODY,2,HEADER,4,DIV,0,DIV,0,DIV,0,DIV,0,DIV,0,DIV,2,DIV selector:div.col > div.global-header > div.clearfix > div.toggle-controls snippet:<div class="toggle-controls"> type:node] score:6e-05]]

Your first network request is the most important. Reduce its latency by avoiding redirects, ensuring a fast server response, and enabling text compression.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Consider setting font-display to swap or optional to ensure text is consistently visible. swap can be further optimized to mitigate layout shifts with font metric overrides.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

URL	Est Savings
/abdn-design-system/releases/3.0.5/dist/webfonts/fa-solid...	425 ms
/abdn-design-system/releases/3.0.5/dist/webfonts/fa-brand...	235 ms
/abdn-design-system/releases/3.0.5/dist/webfonts/fa-regul...	195 ms
fonts.gstatic.com/s/roboto/v48/KFO7CnqEu92Fr1ME7kSn66aGLdTylUAMa3yUBHMdazQ.woff2	45 ms
/abdn-design-system/releases/3.0.5/dist/webfonts/custom-i...	40 ms

Reducing the download time of images can improve the perceived load time of the page and LCP. Learn more about optimizing image size

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

	URL	Resource Size	Est Savings
div.feature-image > div > picture.imgproxy > img `div.feature-image > div > picture.imgproxy > img`	/img/450x254/uploads/news/images/features/Nuart_Cruicksha...	68.4 KiB	49.8 KiB
div.feature-image > div > picture.imgproxy > img `div.feature-image > div > picture.imgproxy > img`	www.abdn.ac.uk/img/450x254/uploads/news/images/features/Jenna_Gregory2.jpg	55.4 KiB	36.8 KiB
four female students walking through a park with huge model letters spelling ab… `div > div.hero-slide-wrapper > picture.imgproxy > img`	www.abdn.ac.uk/img/600x214/media/site/home/parkpage-vibrant-sq2.jpg	52.6 KiB	31.7 KiB
A female student in a medieval building looking at painted ceiling `div > div.hero-slide-wrapper > picture.imgproxy > img`	www.abdn.ac.uk/img/600x214/media/site/home/provost-house-sq.jpg	48.0 KiB	27.1 KiB
Leading the transition in Europe's Energy capital We spark urgent conversation… `body.has-overlay-header > main#main > div.section`	/img/300x/media/university-of-aberdeen/content-assets/ima...	16.6 KiB	10.3 KiB
li > a > div > img `li > a > div > img`	www.abdn.ac.uk/img/100,sc/uploads/news/images/thumbs/meston_new.jpg	9.8 KiB	8.2 KiB
li > a > div > img `li > a > div > img`	www.abdn.ac.uk/img/100,sc/uploads/news/images/thumbs/Wolde_Highlands_crop_1.jpg	8.2 KiB	6.5 KiB
li > a > div > img `li > a > div > img`	/img/100,sc/uploads/news/images/thumbs/Pembroke_2024_exca...	7.8 KiB	6.2 KiB
li > a > div > img `li > a > div > img`	/img/100,sc/uploads/news/images/thumbs/phil-hearing-bu27Y...	7.3 KiB	5.7 KiB
li > a > div > img `li > a > div > img`	www.abdn.ac.uk/img/100,sc/uploads/news/images/thumbs/covid_gardens.jpg	6.7 KiB	5.1 KiB

Optimize LCP by making the LCP image discoverable from the HTML immediately, and avoiding lazy-loading

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

lhId: page-10-IMG

nodeLabel: map of UK with 20 and an arrow

path: 1,HTML,1,BODY,3,MAIN,2,DIV,0,DIV,1,DIV,0,DIV,1,DIV,1,DIV,0,PICTURE,5,IMG

selector: div.flexible-tile > div.flexible-tile-highlight > picture.flexible-tile-image > img

snippet: <img src="https://www.abdn.ac.uk/img/450x/media/site/home/top-20-icon.png" alt="map of UK with 20 and an arrow" loading="lazy">

HTTP/2 and HTTP/3 offer many benefits over HTTP/1.1, such as multiplexing. Learn more about using modern HTTP.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

URL	Protocol
www.abdn.ac.uk/	http/1.1
/abdn-design-system/releases/3.0.5/dist/css/abdn-design-s...	http/1.1
/abdn-design-system/releases/3.0.5/dist/js/abdn-design-sy...	http/1.1
www.abdn.ac.uk/img/600x214/media/site/home/parkpage-vibrant-sq2.jpg	http/1.1
www.abdn.ac.uk/img/600x214/media/site/home/provost-house-sq.jpg	http/1.1
/abdn-design-system/releases/3.0.5/dist/images/layout/UoA...	http/1.1
www.abdn.ac.uk/global/cookies/v2/js/cookie-consent.js	http/1.1
www.abdn.ac.uk/apps/prospectus-search/assets/scripts/aurora/prospectus-search.js	http/1.1
www.abdn.ac.uk/abdn-design-system/releases/3.0.5/dist/images/icons/manifest.json	http/1.1
/img/300x/media/university-of-aberdeen/content-assets/ima...	http/1.1
/abdn-design-system/releases/3.0.5/dist/webfonts/lexend-d...	http/1.1
/img/300x/media/university-of-aberdeen/content-assets/ima...	http/1.1
/abdn-design-system/releases/3.0.5/dist/images/layout/foo...	http/1.1
/abdn-design-system/releases/3.0.5/dist/webfonts/custom-i...	http/1.1
/abdn-design-system/releases/3.0.5/dist/webfonts/fa-regul...	http/1.1
/abdn-design-system/releases/3.0.5/dist/webfonts/fa-solid...	http/1.1
/abdn-design-system/releases/3.0.5/dist/webfonts/fa-brand...	http/1.1
www.abdn.ac.uk/img/450x/media/site/home/top-20-icon.png	http/1.1
/img/450x/media/university-of-aberdeen/content-assets/ima...	http/1.1
/img/450x/media/university-of-aberdeen/content-assets/ima...	http/1.1
/img/450x254/uploads/news/images/features/Nuart_Cruicksha...	http/1.1
www.abdn.ac.uk/img/450x254/uploads/news/images/features/Jenna_Gregory2.jpg	http/1.1
www.abdn.ac.uk/img/100,sc/uploads/news/images/thumbs/covid_gardens.jpg	http/1.1
/img/100,sc/uploads/news/images/thumbs/Pembroke_2024_exca...	http/1.1
/img/100,sc/uploads/news/images/thumbs/phil-hearing-bu27Y...	http/1.1
www.abdn.ac.uk/img/100,sc/uploads/news/images/thumbs/Wolde_Highlands_crop_1.jpg	http/1.1
www.abdn.ac.uk/img/100,sc/uploads/news/images/thumbs/meston_new.jpg	http/1.1
/abdn-design-system/releases/3.0.5/dist/images/slick/ajax...	http/1.1
/abdn-design-system/releases/3.0.5/dist/images/icons/favi...	http/1.1

Avoid chaining critical requests by reducing the length of chains, reducing the download size of resources, or deferring the download of unnecessary resources to improve page load.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

More than 4 preconnect connections were found. These should be used sparingly and only to the most important origins.

description: [preconnect](https://developer.chrome.com/docs/lighthouse/performance/uses-rel-preconnect/) hints help the browser establish a connection earlier in the page load, saving time when the first request for that origin is made. The following are the origins that the page preconnected to.

title: Preconnected origins

description: Add [preconnect](https://developer.chrome.com/docs/lighthouse/performance/uses-rel-preconnect/) hints to your most important origins, but try to use no more than 4.

title: Preconnect candidates

value: No additional origins are good candidates for preconnecting

Requests are blocking the page's initial render, which may delay LCP. Deferring or inlining can move these network requests out of the critical path.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

URL	Transfer Size	Duration
/abdn-design-system/releases/3.0.5/dist/css/abdn-design-s...	145.8 KiB	1.5 s
code.jquery.com/jquery-3.6.0.min.js	30.5 KiB	1.1 s

A long cache lifetime can speed up repeat visits to your page. Learn more about caching.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Request	Cache TTL	Transfer Size
i.ytimg.com/vi_webp/YjwWEBZzcZM/maxresdefault.webp	7200.0 s	102.8 KiB
i.ytimg.com/vi_webp/YjwWEBZzcZM/sddefault.webp	7200.0 s	40.7 KiB
cc.cdn.civiccomputing.com/9/cookieControl-9.x.min.js	604800.0 s	123.3 KiB
/s/resources-global/js/typeahead.bundle-0.11.1.min.js	1800.0 s	12.1 KiB
/s/resources-global/js/funnelback.autocompletion-2.6.0.js	1800.0 s	8.2 KiB
static.doubleclick.net/instream/ad_status.js	900.0 s	495 B
static.doubleclick.net/instream/ad_status.js	900.0 s	0 B

These insights are also available in the Chrome DevTools Performance Panel - record a trace to view more detailed information.

Redirects introduce additional delays before the page can be loaded. Learn how to avoid page redirects.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Estimated savings: 945 ms

URL	Time Spent
abdn.ac.uk/	945 ms
www.abdn.ac.uk/	0.0 ms

Keep the server response time for the main document short because all other requests depend on it. Learn more about the Time to First Byte metric.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Estimated savings: 627 ms

URL	Time Spent
www.abdn.ac.uk/	727 ms

These are the largest layout shifts observed on the page. Each table item represents a single layout shift, and shows the element that shifted the most. Below each item are possible root causes that led to the layout shift. Some of these layout shifts may not be included in the CLS metric value due to windowing. Learn how to improve CLS

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Element	Layout shift score
UK TOP 20 3rd in Scotland and Top 20 in the UK in the Guardian University Guid… `body.has-overlay-header > main#main > div.section`	0.151
SATISFACTION 3rd in Scotland, Wales and N Ireland for student satisfaction in … `div.section > div.container > div.flexible-tile-container > div`	0.127
UK TOP 20 3rd in Scotland and Top 20 in the UK in the Guardian University Guid… `body.has-overlay-header > main#main > div.section`	0.027
Menu and search `div.col > div.global-header > div.clearfix > div.toggle-controls`	0.000

Time to Interactive is the amount of time it takes for the page to become fully interactive. Learn more about the Time to Interactive metric.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

TTI

The maximum potential First Input Delay that your users could experience is the duration of the longest task. Learn more about the Maximum Potential First Input Delay metric.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Diagnostics

Reduce unused rules from stylesheets and defer CSS not used for above-the-fold content to decrease bytes consumed by network activity. Learn how to reduce unused CSS.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Estimated savings: 1.0 s 134.8 KiB

URL	Transfer Size	Est Savings
/abdn-design-system/releases/3.0.5/dist/css/abdn-design-s...	145.2 KiB	134.8 KiB

Reduce unused JavaScript and defer loading scripts until they are required to decrease bytes consumed by network activity. Learn how to reduce unused JavaScript.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Estimated savings: 690 ms 89.9 KiB

URL	Transfer Size	Est Savings
cc.cdn.civiccomputing.com/9/cookieControl-9.x.min.js	122.9 KiB	56.9 KiB
/abdn-design-system/releases/3.0.5/dist/js/abdn-design-sy...	47.6 KiB	33.0 KiB

Consider reducing the time spent parsing, compiling and executing JS. You may find delivering smaller JS payloads helps with this. Learn how to minimize main-thread work

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Category	Time Spent
Other	823 ms
Style & Layout	617 ms
Script Evaluation	439 ms
Rendering	304 ms
Parse HTML & CSS	99 ms
Script Parsing & Compilation	70 ms

Minifying JavaScript files can reduce payload sizes and script parse time. Learn how to minify JavaScript.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Estimated savings: 0.0 ms 2.7 KiB

URL	Transfer Size	Est Savings
/s/resources-global/js/funnelback.autocompletion-2.6.0.js	7.6 KiB	2.7 KiB

Large network payloads cost users real money and are highly correlated with long load times. Learn how to reduce payload sizes.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

URL	Transfer Size
www.youtube.com/s/player/1bb6ee63/player_embed_es6.vflset/en_US/base.js	436.0 KiB
/abdn-design-system/releases/3.0.5/dist/webfonts/fa-regul...	416.2 KiB
/abdn-design-system/releases/3.0.5/dist/webfonts/fa-solid...	346.4 KiB
/s/_/ytembeds/_/js/k=ytembeds.base.en_US.5f0apfZzpOA.2021...	183.1 KiB
/abdn-design-system/releases/3.0.5/dist/css/abdn-design-s...	145.8 KiB
/s/_/ytembeds/_/js/k=ytembeds.base.en_US.5f0apfZzpOA.2021...	140.1 KiB
cc.cdn.civiccomputing.com/9/cookieControl-9.x.min.js	123.3 KiB
/abdn-design-system/releases/3.0.5/dist/webfonts/fa-brand...	117.2 KiB
i.ytimg.com/vi_webp/YjwWEBZzcZM/maxresdefault.webp	102.8 KiB
/img/450x254/uploads/news/images/features/Nuart_Cruicksha...	68.9 KiB

Set an explicit width and height on image elements to reduce layout shifts and improve CLS. Learn how to set image dimensions

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

	URL
map of UK with 20 and an arrow `div.flexible-tile > div.flexible-tile-highlight > picture.flexible-tile-image > img`	www.abdn.ac.uk/img/450x/media/site/home/top-20-icon.png
NSS Stat `div.flexible-tile > div.flexible-tile-highlight > picture.flexible-tile-image > img`	/img/450x/media/university-of-aberdeen/content-assets/ima...
Sustainable Icon `div.flexible-tile > div.flexible-tile-highlight > picture.flexible-tile-image > img`	/img/450x/media/university-of-aberdeen/content-assets/ima...
div.feature-image > div > picture.imgproxy > img `div.feature-image > div > picture.imgproxy > img`	/img/450x254/uploads/news/images/features/Nuart_Cruicksha...
div.feature-image > div > picture.imgproxy > img `div.feature-image > div > picture.imgproxy > img`	www.abdn.ac.uk/img/450x254/uploads/news/images/features/Jenna_Gregory2.jpg
four female students walking through a park with huge model letters spelling ab… `div > div.hero-slide-wrapper > picture.imgproxy > img`	www.abdn.ac.uk/img/600x214/media/site/home/parkpage-vibrant-sq2.jpg
A female student in a medieval building looking at painted ceiling `div > div.hero-slide-wrapper > picture.imgproxy > img`	www.abdn.ac.uk/img/600x214/media/site/home/provost-house-sq.jpg
div.feature-image > div > picture.imgproxy > img `div.feature-image > div > picture.imgproxy > img`

More information about the performance of your application. These numbers don't directly affect the Performance score.

●Optimize DOM size

●Forced reflow

●LCP breakdown

●Optimize viewport for mobile

●Minify CSS

●JavaScript execution time 0.5 s

●Avoid long main-thread tasks 6 long tasks found

●Avoid non-composited animations 5 animated elements found

●Page didn't prevent back/forward cache restoration

●Network Requests

●Network Round Trip Times 60 ms

●Server Backend Latencies 80 ms

●Tasks

●Diagnostics

●Metrics

●Screenshot Thumbnails

●Final Screenshot

●Script Treemap Data

●Resources Summary

○INP breakdown

○User Timing marks and measures

Accessibility

These checks highlight opportunities to improve the accessibility of your web app. Automatic detection can only detect a subset of issues and does not guarantee the accessibility of your web app, so manual testing is also encouraged.

Names and labels

Form elements without effective labels can create frustrating experiences for screen reader users. Learn more about the `select` element.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Failing Elements
Undergraduate Postgraduate Taught Postgraduate Research `fieldset > div.search-box > div > select#prospectus_study_type`

These are opportunities to improve the semantics of the controls in your application. This may enhance the experience for users of assistive technology, like a screen reader.

○Interactive controls are keyboard focusable

○Interactive elements indicate their purpose and state

○The page has a logical tab order

○Visual order on the page follows DOM order

○User focus is not accidentally trapped in a region

○The user's focus is directed to new content added to the page

○HTML5 landmark elements are used to improve navigation

○Offscreen content is hidden from assistive technology

○Custom controls have associated labels

○Custom controls have ARIA roles

●`[aria-*]` attributes match their roles

●`[aria-hidden="true"]` is not present on the document `<body>`

●`[role]`s have all required `[aria-*]` attributes

●Elements with an ARIA `[role]` that require children to contain a specific `[role]` have all required children.

●`[role]`s are contained by their required parent element

●`[role]` values are valid

●`[aria-*]` attributes have valid values

●`[aria-*]` attributes are valid and not misspelled

●Buttons have an accessible name

●Image elements have `[alt]` attributes

●Form elements have associated labels

●`[user-scalable="no"]` is not used in the `<meta name="viewport">` element and the `[maximum-scale]` attribute is not less than 5.

●ARIA attributes are used as specified for the element's role

●Elements with `role="dialog"` or `role="alertdialog"` have accessible names.

●`[aria-hidden="true"]` elements do not contain focusable descendents

●Elements use only permitted ARIA attributes

●Background and foreground colors have a sufficient contrast ratio

●`<dl>`'s contain only properly-ordered `<dt>` and `<dd>` groups, `<script>`, `<template>` or `<div>` elements.

●Definition list items are wrapped in `<dl>` elements

●Document has a `<title>` element

●`<frame>` or `<iframe>` elements have a title

●`<html>` element has a `[lang]` attribute

●`<html>` element has a valid value for its `[lang]` attribute

●Links have a discernible name

●Lists contain only `<li>` elements and script supporting elements (`<script>` and `<template>`).

●List items (`<li>`) are contained within `<ul>`, `<ol>` or `<menu>` parent elements

●No element has a `[tabindex]` value greater than 0

●Touch targets have sufficient size and spacing.

●Heading elements appear in a sequentially-descending order

●Skip links are focusable.

●Document has a main landmark.

●Deprecated ARIA roles were not used

●ARIA IDs are unique

●Uses ARIA roles only on compatible elements

●Identical links have the same purpose.

●Elements with visible text labels have matching accessible names.

○`[accesskey]` values are unique

○`button`, `link`, and `menuitem` elements have accessible names

○ARIA input fields have accessible names

○ARIA `meter` elements have accessible names

○ARIA `progressbar` elements have accessible names

○Elements with the `role=text` attribute do not have focusable descendents.

○ARIA toggle fields have accessible names

○ARIA `tooltip` elements have accessible names

○ARIA `treeitem` elements have accessible names

○The page contains a heading, skip link, or landmark region

○No form fields have multiple labels

○`<html>` element has an `[xml:lang]` attribute with the same base language as the `[lang]` attribute.

○Input buttons have discernible text.

○`<input type="image">` elements have `[alt]` text

○Links are distinguishable without relying on color.

○The document does not use `<meta http-equiv="refresh">`

○`<object>` elements have alternate text

○Cells in a `<table>` element that use the `[headers]` attribute refer to table cells within the same table.

○`<th>` elements and elements with `[role="columnheader"/"rowheader"]` have data cells they describe.

○`[lang]` attributes have a valid value

○`<video>` elements contain a `<track>` element with `[kind="captions"]`

○Tables have different content in the summary attribute and `<caption>`.

○All heading elements contain content.

○Image elements do not have `[alt]` attributes that are redundant text.

○Tables use `<caption>` instead of cells with the `[colspan]` attribute to indicate a caption.

○`<td>` elements in a large `<table>` have one or more table headers.

Best Practices

General

Errors logged to the console indicate unresolved problems. They can come from network request failures and other browser concerns. Learn more about this errors in console diagnostic audit

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Source	Description
code.jquery.com/jquery-3.6.0.min.js line 1, col 31702	`Uncaught TypeError: Cannot read properties of null (reading 'classList')`

●Uses HTTPS

●Avoids deprecated APIs

●Avoids third-party cookies

●Allows users to paste into input fields

●Avoids requesting the geolocation permission on page load

●Avoids requesting the notification permission on page load

●Displays images with correct aspect ratio

●Serves images with appropriate resolution

●Page has the HTML doctype

●Properly defines charset

●No issues in the `Issues` panel in Chrome Devtools

●Ensure CSP is effective against XSS attacks

●Use a strong HSTS policy

●Ensure proper origin isolation with COOP

●Mitigate DOM-based XSS with Trusted Types

●Detected JavaScript libraries

●Page has valid source maps

○Redirects HTTP traffic to HTTPS

○Mitigate clickjacking with XFO or CSP

100

SEO

These checks ensure that your page is following basic search engine optimization advice. There are many additional factors Lighthouse does not score here that may affect your search ranking, including performance on Core Web Vitals. Learn more about Google Search Essentials.

○Structured data is valid

●Page isn’t blocked from indexing

●Document has a `<title>` element

●Document has a meta description

●Page has successful HTTP status code

●Links have descriptive text

●Links are crawlable

●robots.txt is valid

●Image elements have `[alt]` attributes

●Document has a valid `hreflang`

○Document has a valid `rel=canonical`