https://byu.edu
Accessibility
· 13 checks — Landmarks, headings, alt text, forms, and link quality rolled into one auditable list.SCORE
64
GRADE
D
FIX
4
REVIEW
5
PASS
4
INFO
0
Checks
134 PASS 5 REVIEW 4 FIX
DWeb ManifestActionNot foundFIX
Web Manifest
ActionNot found
Not found
Info::
No web manifest found
No manifest at standard paths (/manifest.json, /site.webmanifest). A manifest is optional but enables PWA features like home screen installation and standalone display.
No web manifest found.
DDark Mode SupportActionNo dark mode signalsFIX
Dark Mode Support
ActionNo dark mode signals
No dark mode signals
Info::
No dark mode signals detected
Consider adding CSS with @media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) and <meta name='color-scheme' content='light dark'>.
Info::
Detection limited to meta tags and inline styles
External CSS files may contain prefers-color-scheme rules not visible to this scan.
Dark ModeNo Dark Mode Detected
color-scheme meta Not set ✗Dark theme-color Not set ✗CSS indicators Not detected ✗
Detection limited to meta tags and inline styles.
DPrint StylesheetActionNo print stylesFIX
Print Stylesheet
ActionNo print styles
No print styles
Info::
No print-specific styles detected
When users print this page, they get the screen layout including navigation and non-essential elements. Add @media print rules to hide navigation and optimize layout for paper.
Print Stylesheet No Print Styles
Print stylesheet Not found ✗Inline @media print Not detected ✗
BHeading Hierarchy20 headings, 1 skip(s)REVIEW
Heading Hierarchy
20 headings, 1 skip(s)
20 headings, 1 skip(s)
Info::
Single H1 present
Warning::
Heading level skipped: H1 → H3 (missing H2)
Skipping heading levels breaks the document outline. Screen readers may interpret missing levels as structural errors.
Warning::
1 empty heading(s)
Empty headings appear in the document outline but provide no information.
- H1 (empty)
- H3 Go Forth to Serve skipped
- H3 A Unique Light
- H3 Full Divine Potential
- H3 By Study & By Faith
- H3 Apply
- H3 Disciples of Christ
- H3 Academic Calendar
- H3 Becoming BYU
- H3 Athletics
- H2 Highlighted Events
- H3 Winter Semester Finals
- H3 Commencement & Convocations
- H3 Spring Term Classes Begin
- H2 News
- H3 BYU Spanish for nurses club president shares his light through nursing, research and global service
- H3 BYU illustrator David Habben reimagines Stations of the Cross at BYU Museum of Art
- H3 Devotional: Trevor Wilson
- H3 A BYU grad's first-generation journey guided by God
- H3 Contact BYU Info
Skipping heading levels breaks the document outline. Screen readers may interpret missing levels as structural errors.
Why this matters
Skipping heading levels breaks the document outline — screen-reader users lose track of section nesting.
Learn more ▾ ▴
Screen reader users navigate by jumping between headings (H1 → H2 → H3). Skipping (H1 → H3) breaks the sense of hierarchy. Use sequential levels even if you don't like the default styling — restyle with CSS instead. WCAG 1.3.1 (Info and Relationships) treats this as an A failure.
Source: WCAG 2.1 SC 1.3.1 / W3C WAI
Empty headings appear in the document outline but provide no information.
Why this matters
Empty <hN> tags break the document outline — screen-reader users navigating by heading hit dead silence.
Source: WCAG 2.4.6
CLink & Button QualityAction80 links, 2 buttons — all OKREVIEW
Link & Button Quality
Action80 links, 2 buttons — all OK
80 links, 2 buttons — all OK
Critical::
2 image-only link(s) without alt text
Image-only links need alt text on the image (or aria-label on the link) so screen readers can announce them.
Got: a[href="https://www.byu.edu/admissions"]; a[href="http://BYUCougars.com"]
Warning::
41 link(s) open in new tab without warning
Add '(opens in new tab)' to link text or aria-label.
Got: https://byu.edu; https://my.byu.edu/; https://learningsuite.byu.edu/; https://academiccalendar.byu.edu/?y=2023; https://academiccalendar.byu.edu/?y=2023; https://aims.byu.edu/becoming-byu; https://aims.byu.edu/becoming-byu; http://BYUCougars.com; https://academiccalendar.byu.edu/; https://academiccalendar.byu.edu/ (+31 more)
Info::
37 link(s) with descriptive text
80 links
0 empty
0 generic text
41 new tab
0 empty buttons
| Element | Text | Issue | Suggested Fix |
|---|---|---|---|
| https://byu.edu | home page | new tab | Add '(opens in new tab)' to text |
| https://my.byu.edu/ | MyBYU | new tab | Add '(opens in new tab)' to text |
| https://learningsuite.byu.edu/ | Learning Suite | new tab | Add '(opens in new tab)' to text |
| https://www.byu.edu/admissions | Apply | img no alt | Add alt attribute to the image |
| https://academiccalendar.byu.edu/?y=2023 | Academic Calendar | new tab | Add '(opens in new tab)' to text |
| https://academiccalendar.byu.edu/?y=2023 | Academic Calendar | new tab | Add '(opens in new tab)' to text |
| https://aims.byu.edu/becoming-byu | Becoming BYU | new tab | Add '(opens in new tab)' to text |
| https://aims.byu.edu/becoming-byu | Becoming BYU | new tab | Add '(opens in new tab)' to text |
| http://BYUCougars.com | Athletics | new tab | Add '(opens in new tab)' to text |
| http://BYUCougars.com | Athletics | new tab | Add '(opens in new tab)' to text |
| https://academiccalendar.byu.edu/ | test study | new tab | Add '(opens in new tab)' to text |
| https://academiccalendar.byu.edu/ | Winter Semester Finals | new tab | Add '(opens in new tab)' to text |
| https://enrollment.byu.edu/registrar/com… | the back of a group of graduat… | new tab | Add '(opens in new tab)' to text |
| https://enrollment.byu.edu/registrar/com… | Commencement & Convocations | new tab | Add '(opens in new tab)' to text |
| https://academiccalendar.byu.edu/ | 1704-06 GCS Spring 0018_0.JPG | new tab | Add '(opens in new tab)' to text |
| https://academiccalendar.byu.edu/ | Spring Term Classes Begin | new tab | Add '(opens in new tab)' to text |
| https://calendar.byu.edu | Full Events Calendar | new tab | Add '(opens in new tab)' to text |
| https://play.google.com/store/apps/detai… | BYU Mobile App (Android) | new tab | Add '(opens in new tab)' to text |
| https://apps.apple.com/us/app/byu/id4685… | BYU Mobile App (iOS) | new tab | Add '(opens in new tab)' to text |
| https://sds.byu.edu/ | Student Development Services | new tab | Add '(opens in new tab)' to text |
| http://yjobs.byu.edu/ | Employment at BYU | new tab | Add '(opens in new tab)' to text |
| https://belonging.byu.edu/ | Office of Belonging | new tab | Add '(opens in new tab)' to text |
| https://help.byu.edu/ | Helping Distressed Students | new tab | Add '(opens in new tab)' to text |
| https://lib.byu.edu/ | Library | new tab | Add '(opens in new tab)' to text |
| https://oit.byu.edu/ | Office of IT | new tab | Add '(opens in new tab)' to text |
| https://titleix.byu.edu/ | Title IX (sexual misconduct) | new tab | Add '(opens in new tab)' to text |
| https://police.byu.edu/ | University Police & Parking | new tab | Add '(opens in new tab)' to text |
| https://byuh.edu/ | BYU-Hawaii | new tab | Add '(opens in new tab)' to text |
| https://www.byui.edu/ | BYU-Idaho | new tab | Add '(opens in new tab)' to text |
| https://byupathway.edu | BYU-Pathway Worldwide | new tab | Add '(opens in new tab)' to text |
| https://ensign.edu/ | Ensign College | new tab | Add '(opens in new tab)' to text |
| https://www.facebook.com/BYU/ | Link to facebook | new tab | Add '(opens in new tab)' to text |
| https://www.instagram.com/brighamyoungun… | Link to instagram | new tab | Add '(opens in new tab)' to text |
| https://twitter.com/byu | Link to twitter | new tab | Add '(opens in new tab)' to text |
| https://www.youtube.com/user/BYUNews | Link to youtube | new tab | Add '(opens in new tab)' to text |
| http://alumni.byu.edu/ | BYU Alumni | new tab | Add '(opens in new tab)' to text |
| https://byucougars.com/ | BYU Athletics | new tab | Add '(opens in new tab)' to text |
| https://news.byu.edu/ | BYU News | new tab | Add '(opens in new tab)' to text |
| http://www.byustore.com/ | BYU Store | new tab | Add '(opens in new tab)' to text |
| https://www.byutv.org/ | BYUtv | new tab | Add '(opens in new tab)' to text |
| https://byu.edu | home page | new tab | Add '(opens in new tab)' to text |
| https://privacy.byu.edu/ | Privacy Notice | new tab | Add '(opens in new tab)' to text |
| https://privacy.byu.edu/cookie-prefs | Cookie Preferences | new tab | Add '(opens in new tab)' to text |
39 links and buttons have descriptive text
Image-only links need alt text on the image (or aria-label on the link) so screen readers can announce them.
a[href="https://www.byu.edu/admissions"]; a[href="http://BYUCougars.com"]
Why this matters
Image-only links with no alt are unidentifiable to screen-reader users — link's destination is invisible.
Source: WCAG 2.1 SC 2.4.4
Add '(opens in new tab)' to link text or aria-label.
https://byu.edu; https://my.byu.edu/; https://learningsuite.byu.edu/; https://academiccalendar.byu.edu/?y=2023; https://academiccalendar.byu.edu/?y=2023; https://aims.byu.edu/becoming-byu; https://aims.byu.edu/becoming-byu; http://BYUCougars.com; https://academiccalendar.byu.edu/; https://academiccalendar.byu.edu/ (+31 more)
Why this matters
Links with target="_blank" without rel="noopener" leak the originating page's window context — security and UX issue.
Learn more ▾ ▴
Without rel="noopener", the new tab can navigate the original tab via window.opener (tab-nabbing attack). Modern browsers default to noopener for target=_blank but only since recent versions. Always set rel="noopener noreferrer" explicitly.
Source: MDN target / OWASP
B404 Error PageHTTP 404, custom pageREVIEW
404 Error Page
HTTP 404, custom page
HTTP 404, custom page
Info::
Correct 404 status code returned
Got: HTTP 404
Info::
Custom styled 404 page
Info::
Navigation links present on 404 page
Info::
Homepage link present on 404 page
404 Page Quality ✓ Custom 404 Page
Status Code HTTP 404 ✓Page Title Burger Menu Icon ✓Custom Styling ✓Navigation ✓Homepage Link ✓Search Form ✗
CFavicon & BrandingAction4 icon(s) detectedREVIEW
Favicon & Branding
Action4 icon(s) detected
4 icon(s) detected
Info::
favicon.ico present at site root
Info::
HTML icon links detected
Info::
Apple touch icon present
✓ favicon.ico Present
✓ PNG Icons Present
✓ Apple Touch Present
✗ SVG Favicon Missing
✗ Manifest Icons Missing
✗ Multiple Sizes Missing
BLighthouse Accessibility AuditsScore 89/100 — 5 failing, 27 passedREVIEW
Lighthouse Accessibility Audits
Score 89/100 — 5 failing, 27 passed
89
Accessibility
These checks highlight opportunities to improve the accessibility of your web app. Automatic detection can only detect a subset of issues and does not guarantee the accessibility of your web app, so manual testing is also encouraged.
Names and labels
Screen reader users rely on frame titles to describe the contents of frames. Learn more about frame titles.
Why this matters
Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.
| Failing Elements |
|---|
body.Page-body > div.ie-div-position-customer-chat > div.button-iframe-wrap > iframe#icChatButton body.Page-body > div.ie-div-position-customer-chat > div.button-iframe-wrap > iframe#icChatButton |
These are opportunities to improve the semantics of the controls in your application. This may enhance the experience for users of assistive technology, like a screen reader.
Navigation
A value greater than 0 implies an explicit navigation ordering. Although technically valid, this often creates frustrating experiences for users who rely on assistive technologies. Learn more about the `tabindex` attribute.
Why this matters
Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.
| Failing Elements |
|---|
1_Primary_white.svg div.Header-stickyContainer > ps-header.Header > div.Header-contentTop > h1.Header-home-logo |
Contact BYU Info
Call or Text: 801-422-4636
Email: byu-info@byu.edu
Brigham … span.Enhancement > div.RawHtmlModule > div.RawHtmlModule-html > div#byu-info |
801-422-4636 div.RawHtmlModule-html > div#byu-info > p > a |
byu-info@byu.edu div.RawHtmlModule-html > div#byu-info > p > a |
Brigham Young University
Provo, UT 84602 div.RawHtmlModule > div.RawHtmlModule-html > div#byu-info > p.mailing-address |
Properly ordered headings that do not skip levels convey the semantic structure of the page, making it easier to navigate and understand when using assistive technologies. Learn more about heading order.
Why this matters
Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.
| Failing Elements |
|---|
Go Forth to Serve div.PromoCarouselHeadline > div.PromoCarouselHeadline-container > div.PromoCarouselHeadline-content > h3.PromoCarouselHeadline-title |
These are opportunities to improve keyboard navigation in your application.
Best practices
Touch targets with sufficient size and spacing help users who may have difficulty targeting small controls to activate the targets. Learn more about touch targets.
Why this matters
Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.
| Failing Elements |
|---|
A-Z Index div.NavigationItem > div.NavigationItem-items > div.NavigationItem-items-item > a.NavigationLink |
BYU Mobile App (Android) div.NavigationItem > div.NavigationItem-items > div.NavigationItem-items-item > a.NavigationLink |
BYU Mobile App (iOS) div.NavigationItem > div.NavigationItem-items > div.NavigationItem-items-item > a.NavigationLink |
Student Development Services div.NavigationItem > div.NavigationItem-items > div.NavigationItem-items-item > a.NavigationLink |
Employment at BYU div.NavigationItem > div.NavigationItem-items > div.NavigationItem-items-item > a.NavigationLink |
Office of Belonging div.NavigationItem > div.NavigationItem-items > div.NavigationItem-items-item > a.NavigationLink |
Helping Distressed Students div.NavigationItem > div.NavigationItem-items > div.NavigationItem-items-item > a.NavigationLink |
Library div.NavigationItem > div.NavigationItem-items > div.NavigationItem-items-item > a.NavigationLink |
Office of IT div.NavigationItem > div.NavigationItem-items > div.NavigationItem-items-item > a.NavigationLink |
Title IX (sexual misconduct) div.NavigationItem > div.NavigationItem-items > div.NavigationItem-items-item > a.NavigationLink |
University Police & Parking div.NavigationItem > div.NavigationItem-items > div.NavigationItem-items-item > a.NavigationLink |
BYU-Hawaii div.NavigationItem > div.NavigationItem-items > div.NavigationItem-items-item > a.NavigationLink |
BYU-Idaho div.NavigationItem > div.NavigationItem-items > div.NavigationItem-items-item > a.NavigationLink |
BYU-Pathway Worldwide div.NavigationItem > div.NavigationItem-items > div.NavigationItem-items-item > a.NavigationLink |
Ensign College div.NavigationItem > div.NavigationItem-items > div.NavigationItem-items-item > a.NavigationLink |
BYU Alumni div.NavigationItem > div.NavigationItem-items > div.NavigationItem-items-item > a.NavigationLink |
BYU Athletics div.NavigationItem > div.NavigationItem-items > div.NavigationItem-items-item > a.NavigationLink |
BYU News div.NavigationItem > div.NavigationItem-items > div.NavigationItem-items-item > a.NavigationLink |
BYU Store div.NavigationItem > div.NavigationItem-items > div.NavigationItem-items-item > a.NavigationLink |
BYUtv div.NavigationItem > div.NavigationItem-items > div.NavigationItem-items-item > a.NavigationLink |
These items highlight common accessibility best practices.
Visible text labels that do not match the accessible name can result in a confusing experience for screen reader users. Learn more about accessible names.
Why this matters
Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.
| Failing Elements |
|---|
More div.PromoCarouselHeadline-container > div.PromoCarouselHeadline-content > div.PromoCarouselHeadline-cta > a.btn |
More div.PromoCarouselHeadline-container > div.PromoCarouselHeadline-content > div.PromoCarouselHeadline-cta > a.btn |
More div.PromoCarouselHeadline-container > div.PromoCarouselHeadline-content > div.PromoCarouselHeadline-cta > a.btn |
More div.PromoCarouselHeadline-container > div.PromoCarouselHeadline-content > div.PromoCarouselHeadline-cta > a.btn |
801-422-4636 div.RawHtmlModule-html > div#byu-info > p > a |
byu-info@byu.edu div.RawHtmlModule-html > div#byu-info > p > a |
○Interactive controls are keyboard focusable
○Interactive elements indicate their purpose and state
○The page has a logical tab order
○Visual order on the page follows DOM order
○User focus is not accidentally trapped in a region
○The user's focus is directed to new content added to the page
○HTML5 landmark elements are used to improve navigation
○Offscreen content is hidden from assistive technology
○Custom controls have associated labels
○Custom controls have ARIA roles
●`[aria-*]` attributes match their roles
●`[aria-hidden="true"]` is not present on the document `<body>`
●`[role]`s have all required `[aria-*]` attributes
●`[role]` values are valid
●`[aria-*]` attributes have valid values
●`[aria-*]` attributes are valid and not misspelled
●Buttons have an accessible name
●Image elements have `[alt]` attributes
●Form elements have associated labels
●`[user-scalable="no"]` is not used in the `<meta name="viewport">` element and the `[maximum-scale]` attribute is not less than 5.
●`button`, `link`, and `menuitem` elements have accessible names
●ARIA attributes are used as specified for the element's role
●Elements with `role="dialog"` or `role="alertdialog"` have accessible names.
●`[aria-hidden="true"]` elements do not contain focusable descendents
●Elements use only permitted ARIA attributes
●Background and foreground colors have a sufficient contrast ratio
●Document has a `<title>` element
●`<html>` element has a `[lang]` attribute
●`<html>` element has a valid value for its `[lang]` attribute
●Links are distinguishable without relying on color.
●Links have a discernible name
●Lists contain only `<li>` elements and script supporting elements (`<script>` and `<template>`).
●List items (`<li>`) are contained within `<ul>`, `<ol>` or `<menu>` parent elements
●`[lang]` attributes have a valid value
●Document has a main landmark.
●Deprecated ARIA roles were not used
●Identical links have the same purpose.
○`[accesskey]` values are unique
○ARIA input fields have accessible names
○ARIA `meter` elements have accessible names
○ARIA `progressbar` elements have accessible names
○Elements with an ARIA `[role]` that require children to contain a specific `[role]` have all required children.
○`[role]`s are contained by their required parent element
○Elements with the `role=text` attribute do not have focusable descendents.
○ARIA toggle fields have accessible names
○ARIA `tooltip` elements have accessible names
○ARIA `treeitem` elements have accessible names
○The page contains a heading, skip link, or landmark region
○`<dl>`'s contain only properly-ordered `<dt>` and `<dd>` groups, `<script>`, `<template>` or `<div>` elements.
○Definition list items are wrapped in `<dl>` elements
○ARIA IDs are unique
○No form fields have multiple labels
○`<html>` element has an `[xml:lang]` attribute with the same base language as the `[lang]` attribute.
○Input buttons have discernible text.
○`<input type="image">` elements have `[alt]` text
○The document does not use `<meta http-equiv="refresh">`
○`<object>` elements have alternate text
○Select elements have associated label elements.
○Skip links are focusable.
○Cells in a `<table>` element that use the `[headers]` attribute refer to table cells within the same table.
○`<th>` elements and elements with `[role="columnheader"/"rowheader"]` have data cells they describe.
○`<video>` elements contain a `<track>` element with `[kind="captions"]`
○Tables have different content in the summary attribute and `<caption>`.
○All heading elements contain content.
○Uses ARIA roles only on compatible elements
○Image elements do not have `[alt]` attributes that are redundant text.
○Tables use `<caption>` instead of cells with the `[colspan]` attribute to indicate a caption.
○`<td>` elements in a large `<table>` have one or more table headers.
A+Landmark Structure3 landmarksPASS
Landmark Structure
3 landmarks
3 landmarks
Info::
<main> landmark present
Info::
1 <nav> landmark(s) found
Info::
No banner (header) landmark
Info::
Skip navigation link present
Page Structure — as a screen reader sees it
AAlt Text Quality3 of 13 images have issuesPASS
Alt Text Quality
3 of 13 images have issues
3 of 13 images have issues
Warning::
3 image(s) with filename as alt text
Info::
2 decorative image(s) correctly marked
Info::
8 image(s) with good alt text
13 images 8 good alt text 2 decorative 3 generic
| Issue | Count |
|---|---|
| filename | 3 image(s) |
A+Form AccessibilityAll 1 controls labeledPASS
Form Accessibility
All 1 controls labeled
All 1 controls labeled
Info::
1 control(s) properly labeled
1 controls
1 labeled
0 placeholder only
0 unlabeled
| Control | Type | Label | Method |
|---|---|---|---|
| q | text | Search | aria-label |
A+Color Contrast (Screenshot)20 text elements analyzed, 0 fail WCAG AAPASS
Color Contrast (Screenshot)
20 text elements analyzed, 0 fail WCAG AA
Analyzes text contrast against the actual rendered page, including background images, gradients, and overlays that CSS-based tools cannot detect.
20 pass
Show all checked elements (20)
| Element | Ratio | Required | FG | BG | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| h3 Contact | 21.00:1 | 3.0:1 | #000000 | #FFFFFF | Pass |
| title Home - BYU | 21.00:1 | 4.5:1 | #000000 | #FFFFFF | Pass |
| a Skip to main content | 21.00:1 | 4.5:1 | #000000 | #FFFFFF | Pass |
| span Menu | 21.00:1 | 4.5:1 | #000000 | #FFFFFF | Pass |
| a MyBYU | 21.00:1 | 4.5:1 | #000000 | #FFFFFF | Pass |
| a Learning Suite | 21.00:1 | 4.5:1 | #000000 | #FFFFFF | Pass |
| span Search | 21.00:1 | 4.5:1 | #000000 | #FFFFFF | Pass |
| span Search | 21.00:1 | 4.5:1 | #000000 | #FFFFFF | Pass |
| a About | 21.00:1 | 4.5:1 | #000000 | #FFFFFF | Pass |
| a Admissions & Aid | 21.00:1 | 4.5:1 | #000000 | #FFFFFF | Pass |
| a Academics | 21.00:1 | 4.5:1 | #000000 | #FFFFFF | Pass |
| a This is Y | 21.00:1 | 4.5:1 | #000000 | #FFFFFF | Pass |
| div contentVerticalPosit… | 21.00:1 | 4.5:1 | #000000 | #FFFFFF | Pass |
| div contentVerticalPosit… | 21.00:1 | 4.5:1 | #000000 | #FFFFFF | Pass |
| a Go Forth to Serve | 21.00:1 | 4.5:1 | #000000 | #FFFFFF | Pass |
| div Each year, thousands… | 21.00:1 | 4.5:1 | #000000 | #FFFFFF | Pass |
| a More | 21.00:1 | 4.5:1 | #000000 | #FFFFFF | Pass |
| div contentVerticalPosit… | 21.00:1 | 4.5:1 | #000000 | #FFFFFF | Pass |
| div contentVerticalPosit… | 21.00:1 | 4.5:1 | #000000 | #FFFFFF | Pass |
| a A Unique Light | 21.00:1 | 4.5:1 | #000000 | #FFFFFF | Pass |
Methodology: The top 20 text elements by font size were checked. Background color was sampled from the desktop screenshot using a 5-point pattern. WCAG 2.1 AA requires 4.5:1 for normal text and 3:1 for large text.
All checks on this page are automated. Results are estimates - run targeted manual reviews when the score affects a release decision.