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https://cityu.edu.hk

Performance

· 15 checks — Lighthouse + waterfall + sustainability rolled into one auditable list.
SCORE
92
GRADE
A
FIX
5
REVIEW
3
PASS
5
INFO
2

Performance-focused optimization plan with CWV assessment, top offenders, and time estimates

Mobile Desktop
55
Performance Overall performance score (0–100) based on Core Web Vitals and other metrics. 90+ is good.
94
Accessibility Measures how accessible the page is for users with disabilities. Checks color contrast, ARIA labels, and semantic HTML.
96
Best Practices Checks for modern web development best practices including HTTPS, no console errors, and secure JavaScript.
77
SEO Measures basic SEO optimizations: meta tags, crawlability, link text, and mobile friendliness.

First Contentful Paint First Contentful Paint — how long until the browser renders the first piece of content. Under 1.8s is good.

5.16 s

Largest Contentful Paint Largest Contentful Paint — how long until the largest visible element loads. Under 2.5s is good.

14.68 s

Total Blocking Time Total Blocking Time — total time the main thread was blocked, preventing user input. Under 200ms is good.

24 ms

Cumulative Layout Shift Cumulative Layout Shift — measures visual stability. How much the page layout shifts during loading. Under 0.1 is good.

0.027

Speed Index Speed Index — how quickly content is visually displayed during load. Under 3.4s is good.

11.15 s

Time to Interactive Time to Interactive — how long until the page is fully interactive and responds to user input. Under 3.8s is good.

15.06 s

Page Load Progression

2.1 s
4.2 s
6.3 s
8.4 s
10.5 s
12.6 s
14.7 s
16.8 s
Checks
15
5 PASS 3 REVIEW 5 FIX
F
Page Weight Budget
Action
18.2 MB transferred, 131 requests
FIX
18.2 MB transferred, 131 requests
Critical::
Page weighs 21.8 MB (18.2 MB transferred)
Warning::
Images are 10.8 MB — compress or use modern formats
Convert images to WebP/AVIF and resize to display dimensions to reduce transfer size.
Got: 10.8 MB
Warning::
JavaScript is 992 KB — consider code splitting or lazy loading
Large JavaScript bundles delay interactivity. Split code by route or defer non-critical scripts.
Got: 992 KB
Info::
CSS is 369 KB — consider purging unused styles
Remove unused CSS rules with tools like PurgeCSS to reduce stylesheet size.
Got: 369 KB
Warning::
131 HTTP requests — consider bundling or reducing
Each request adds latency. Bundle small files, use sprites, or eliminate unnecessary requests.
Info::
Estimated 3.8 g CO2 per page load
18.2 MB / 2.4 MB budget
18.2 MB transferred
131 requests
3.8 g CO2 per page load
Images 10.8 MiB 59%
Other 6.0 MiB 33%
JavaScript 991.6 KiB 5%
CSS 369.3 KiB 2%
Fonts 111.8 KiB 1%
HTML 21.9 KiB 0%
Other 3.6 KiB 0%
Other 550 B 0%
Other 550 B 0%
0 2.4 MB 4.9 MB
Over budget

Convert images to WebP/AVIF and resize to display dimensions to reduce transfer size.

Why this matters

Image bandwidth is high — modern formats (WebP/AVIF) and resizing typically cut it 50%+.

Source: web.dev

Large JavaScript bundles delay interactivity. Split code by route or defer non-critical scripts.

Why this matters

JavaScript bundle is large — code-split routes and lazy-load off-screen components to defer.

Source: web.dev

Remove unused CSS rules with tools like PurgeCSS to reduce stylesheet size.

Why this matters

CSS bundle is large — purge unused styles (PurgeCSS, Tailwind JIT) to reduce CSS payload.

Source: web.dev

Each request adds latency. Bundle small files, use sprites, or eliminate unnecessary requests.

Why this matters

High HTTP request count — bundling, sprite-ing, and HTTP/2 server push can reduce per-request overhead.

Source: web.dev

D
Third-Party Impact
Action
100% third-party, 0 ms blocking
FIX
100% third-party, 0 ms blocking
Warning::
Third-party code accounts for 100% of page weight (18.2 MiB of 18.2 MiB)
Info::
Third-party blocking time is low (0 ms)
100%
First-party Third-party
F
JS Bundles
Action
27 scripts, 522 KB unused
FIX
27 scripts, 522 KB unused
Warning::
https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/base-themes/core-...: 293 KB unused (69%)
Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code.
Warning::
https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/base-themes/cityu...: 79 KB unused (89%)
Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code.
Warning::
https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-323P...: 68 KB unused (40%)
Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code.
Warning::
https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/base-themes/cityu...: 30 KB unused (55%)
Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code.
Warning::
https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/base-themes/cityu...: 26 KB unused (67%)
Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code.
Info::
Total unused JavaScript: 522 KB
522 KB unused JavaScript

Downloaded but never executed on this page.

ScriptSizeUnusedMinifiedParty
https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/base-themes/core-libraries/scripts/optimized-min.js?rev=037a832b2d4e40588ab4bcd4b9fd6c8f&t=20250625T010050Z&hash=7FEBD83291C810998C1C4A3F51D4C4A2434 KB293 KB (69%)✓3rd
https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/base-themes/cityuhk-theme-main/scripts/jquery-uimin.js?rev=7135f45f8f734d2e9995bc0b257fb721&hash=DF6248A443FEB5FE049227E792B344BE89 KB79 KB (89%)✓3rd
https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-323P74125E170 KB68 KB (40%)✓3rd
https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/base-themes/cityuhk-theme-main/scripts/swiper-bundlemin.js?rev=6b18819922a2453494c9e4d5b00ba585&hash=CB416EB5339F7DC1936F15807CF8B3B655 KB30 KB (55%)✓3rd
https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/base-themes/cityuhk-theme-drupal/scripts/js_zlkofytz7bajvswuhnavnzivpxp8apczkzkoeichdm0.js?rev=16317af223b24c9db3671d3553eef3fb&hash=92B021D3187F8B4416286005A6D5638D39 KB26 KB (67%)✓3rd
https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/base-themes/cityuhk-theme-main/scripts/bootstrapbundlemin.js?rev=4df1b8258d4c42e8a77b99c262d79410&hash=1FC0F87FC3E3DDC8FF3E9DCF3C8E021531 KB25 KB (79%)✓3rd
https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/base-themes/cityuhk-theme-content/scripts/override.js?rev=c3d0027fe5ba4656a48a4de231430b49&hash=1590426C7D334E7B98FE0A66675AFD2F3 KB—✓3rd
https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/base-themes/google-maps-js-connector/scripts/optimized-min.js?rev=c06833eedd8c4106a00e71b51eab2e11&t=20250624T105437Z&hash=CF479D65399E9512FCD952EC2A180B572 KB—✓3rd
https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/base-themes/cityuhk-theme-header-footer/scripts/department-footer.js?rev=16e102c1ac5146f19b63234317351fd1&hash=A18A73938A32622958FCFDF99DE2B0B71 KB—✓3rd
https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/base-themes/cityuhk-theme-header-footer/scripts/override.js?rev=0c258d5700844cc6a55cc08d7cf32c5b&hash=78EBD8F2322AA329ABBC409BF4CECC273 KB—✓3rd

Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code.

Why this matters

This bundle has high unused code — code-split or tree-shake to ship only what executes.

Source: web.dev / Lighthouse coverage

Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code.

Why this matters

This bundle has high unused code — code-split or tree-shake to ship only what executes.

Source: web.dev / Lighthouse coverage

Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code.

Why this matters

This bundle has high unused code — code-split or tree-shake to ship only what executes.

Source: web.dev / Lighthouse coverage

Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code.

Why this matters

This bundle has high unused code — code-split or tree-shake to ship only what executes.

Source: web.dev / Lighthouse coverage

Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code.

Why this matters

This bundle has high unused code — code-split or tree-shake to ship only what executes.

Source: web.dev / Lighthouse coverage

F
Page Weight Inventory
Action
131 resources · 18.2 MB · 522 KB savings available
FIX
131 resources · 18.2 MB · 522 KB savings available
Warning::
Page weight 17.2 MB over 1MB target
Got: 18.2 MB Expected: ≤ 1 MB
Info::
~522 KB of savings available
Warning::
130 third-party resources (100% of weight)
Info::
19 resources over 200KB
131 resources · 18.2 MiB · 130 third-party 17.2 MiB over 1MB target
Image 59% · 10.8 MiB
Media 33% · 6.0 MiB
JavaScript 5% · 991.6 KiB
CSS 2% · 369.3 KiB
Font 1% · 111.8 KiB
Document 0% · 22.7 KiB
Other 0% · 1.1 KiB

~521.8 KiB of savings available

Remove unused JavaScript: 521.8 KiB
D
HTTP Caching
Action
no-store (uncacheable)
FIX
no-store (uncacheable)
Info::
Cache-Control: no-store prevents all caching
Intentional for dynamic content, but increases server load for every page view.
Got: no-cache, no-store
Info::
No ETag or Last-Modified header
Conditional requests (304 Not Modified) are not possible without validators.
Cache-Control

no-cache, no-store

DirectiveValueMeaning
no-cache—Cache but always revalidate first
no-store—Never cache this response
C
Image Optimization
Action
66 images, 0 KB saveable
REVIEW
66 images, 0 KB saveable
Warning::
https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/project/cityuhk/s... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift
Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.
Warning::
https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/project/cityuhk/h... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift
Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.
Warning::
https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/project/cityuhk/h... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift
Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.
Warning::
https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/project/cityuhk/h... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift
Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.
Warning::
https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/project/cityuhk/h... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift
Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.
Warning::
https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/project/cityuhk/h... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift
Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.
Warning::
https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/project/cityuhk/h... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift
Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.
Warning::
https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/project/cityuhk/s... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift
Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.
Warning::
https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/project/cityuhk/s... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift
Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.
Warning::
https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/project/cityuhk/s... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift
Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.
Warning::
https://template.cityu.edu.hk/template/logo/CityU/... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift
Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.
Warning::
https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/project/cityuhk/h... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift
Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.
Warning::
https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/project/cityuhk/h... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift
Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.
Warning::
https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/project/cityuhk/s... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift
Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.
Warning::
https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/project/cityuhk/h... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift
Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.
Warning::
is missing width/height — may cause layout shift
Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.
Warning::
https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/project/cityuhk/h... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift
Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.
66 images 10.8 MB
0 oversized -0 KB
64 legacy format
17 missing dimensions CLS risk

Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.

Why this matters

Image without explicit width/height — browser can't reserve space; CLS jumps when image loads.

Source: web.dev / Core Web Vitals

Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.

Why this matters

Image without explicit width/height — browser can't reserve space; CLS jumps when image loads.

Source: web.dev / Core Web Vitals

Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.

Why this matters

Image without explicit width/height — browser can't reserve space; CLS jumps when image loads.

Source: web.dev / Core Web Vitals

Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.

Why this matters

Image without explicit width/height — browser can't reserve space; CLS jumps when image loads.

Source: web.dev / Core Web Vitals

Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.

Why this matters

Image without explicit width/height — browser can't reserve space; CLS jumps when image loads.

Source: web.dev / Core Web Vitals

Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.

Why this matters

Image without explicit width/height — browser can't reserve space; CLS jumps when image loads.

Source: web.dev / Core Web Vitals

Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.

Why this matters

Image without explicit width/height — browser can't reserve space; CLS jumps when image loads.

Source: web.dev / Core Web Vitals

Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.

Why this matters

Image without explicit width/height — browser can't reserve space; CLS jumps when image loads.

Source: web.dev / Core Web Vitals

Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.

Why this matters

Image without explicit width/height — browser can't reserve space; CLS jumps when image loads.

Source: web.dev / Core Web Vitals

Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.

Why this matters

Image without explicit width/height — browser can't reserve space; CLS jumps when image loads.

Source: web.dev / Core Web Vitals

Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.

Why this matters

Image without explicit width/height — browser can't reserve space; CLS jumps when image loads.

Source: web.dev / Core Web Vitals

Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.

Why this matters

Image without explicit width/height — browser can't reserve space; CLS jumps when image loads.

Source: web.dev / Core Web Vitals

Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.

Why this matters

Image without explicit width/height — browser can't reserve space; CLS jumps when image loads.

Source: web.dev / Core Web Vitals

Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.

Why this matters

Image without explicit width/height — browser can't reserve space; CLS jumps when image loads.

Source: web.dev / Core Web Vitals

Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.

Why this matters

Image without explicit width/height — browser can't reserve space; CLS jumps when image loads.

Source: web.dev / Core Web Vitals

Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.

Why this matters

Image without explicit width/height — browser can't reserve space; CLS jumps when image loads.

Source: web.dev / Core Web Vitals

C
JS Execution Cost
Action
1725ms total JS execution
REVIEW
1725ms total JS execution
Warning::
https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/base-themes/cityu...: 498ms CPU time
Warning::
Unattributable: 457ms CPU time
Warning::
https://www.cityu.edu.hk/: 327ms CPU time
Info::
https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/base-themes/core-...: 183ms CPU time
Info::
https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/base-themes/cityu...: 172ms CPU time
Warning::
Third-party scripts: 1725ms (100% of total)

Main Thread Breakdown

Other 42% Script Evaluation 26% Style & Layout 19% Script Parsing & Compilation 5% Rendering 4%
ScriptTotalScriptingParse/CompileParty
https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/base-themes/cityuhk-theme-main/scripts/swiper-bundlemin.js?rev=6b18819922a2453494c9e4d5b00ba585&hash=CB416EB5339F7DC1936F15807CF8B3B6498ms139ms4ms3rd
Unattributable457ms7ms0ms3rd
https://www.cityu.edu.hk/327ms7ms0ms3rd
https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/base-themes/core-libraries/scripts/optimized-min.js?rev=037a832b2d4e40588ab4bcd4b9fd6c8f&t=20250625T010050Z&hash=7FEBD83291C810998C1C4A3F51D4C4A2183ms105ms41ms3rd
https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/base-themes/cityuhk-theme-main/scripts/jquery-371min.js?rev=445827472ccc4689995860a350abf8e7&hash=15F2866C1BD7DFF14A31B9D102665B93172ms103ms3ms3rd
https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-323P74125E89ms71ms17ms3rd
C
Green Hosting
Action
Whether the site is served from green-energy infrastructure
REVIEW

Green Hosting

No green hosting detected

A+
Text Compression
All text resources are compressed
PASS
All text resources are compressed
Info::
All text resources are compressed
All text resources are properly compressed.
A+
Font Loading
2 fonts (112 KB)
PASS
2 fonts (112 KB)
Info::
2 font(s) use font-display: swap (FOUT risk but functional)

Web fonts

2

112 KB total

Render-blocking

0

of 2

Dominant font-display

swap

Most common across fonts

Font loading timeline
Transfer FOIT (block) FOUT (swap)
0 ms 2.0 s 4.0 s 6.0 s 8.0 s 10.0 s 12.0 s 14.0 s FCP 5.2 s LCP 14.7 shttps://fonts.gstatic.com/s/montserrat/v31/JTUSjIg1_i6t8kCHKm459WlhyyTh89Y.woff2JTUSjIg1_i6t8kCHKm459Wl... https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/montserrat/v31/JTUSjIg1_i6t8kCHKm459WlhyyTh89Y.woff2 — 34.7 KiB — 15 ms — font-display: swaphttps://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesome/5.15.3/webfonts/fa-solid-900.woff2fa-solid-900.woff2 https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesome/5.15.3/webfonts/fa-solid-900.woff2 — 77.1 KiB — 24 ms — font-display: swap
JTUSjIg1_i6t8kCHKm459Wl... woff2 swap
Size 35 KB
Load time 15 ms
Start 4.9 s
Risk FOUT — text flashes from fallback to web font
fa-solid-900.woff2 woff2 swap
Size 77 KB
Load time 24 ms
Start 4.9 s
Risk FOUT — text flashes from fallback to web font
Optimization checklist
  • Preload critical fonts (priority=high)
  • Use woff2 format for all fonts
  • Set font-display to swap, optional, or fallback
  • Subset large fonts (≤100 KB each)
A+
Resource Caching
All resources properly cached
PASS
All resources properly cached
Info::
No caching issues found
All static resources have appropriate caching headers.
A+
Critical Rendering Path
No render-blocking resources
PASS
No render-blocking resources
Info::
No render-blocking resources detected
A+
Resource Hints
No optimization needed
PASS
No optimization needed
Info::
No resource hint issues
Network Waterfall
131 requests over 15778ms
INFO
0 ms 2.0 s 4.0 s 6.0 s 8.0 s 10.0 s 12.0 s 14.0 s 16.0 s FCP 5.2 s LCP 14.7 shttps://cityu.edu.hk// https://cityu.edu.hk/ — 301 — 460 B — 1.9 s — h2https://www.cityu.edu.hk/www.cityu.edu.hk/ https://www.cityu.edu.hk/ — 200 — 21.9 KiB — 1.4 s — h2https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Manrope:wght@200..800&family=Montserrat:ital,wght@0,100..900;1,100..900&display=swapfonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Ma... https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Manrope:wght@200..800&family=Montserrat:ital,wght@0,100..900;1,100..900&display=swap — 200 — 1.2 KiB — 147 ms — h2https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesome/5.15.3/css/all.min.csscdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font... https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesome/5.15.3/css/all.min.css — 200 — 10.9 KiB — 44 ms — h3https://www.cityu.edu.hk/assets/css/bootstrap.csswww.cityu.edu.hk/assets/css/bootstr... https://www.cityu.edu.hk/assets/css/bootstrap.css — 200 — 32.7 KiB — 657 ms — h2https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/base-themes/core-libraries/styles/optimized-min.css?rev=59ddceee6ad2470c9cdc65d144f175d2&t=20250625T010050Z&hash=4BA23E0E43D5C060C7B97E67BB8C202Dwww.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/base-theme... https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/base-themes/core-libraries/styles/optimized-min.css?rev=59ddceee6ad2470c9cdc65d144f175d2&t=20250625T010050Z&hash=4BA23E0E43D5C060C7B97E67BB8C202D — 200 — 28.2 KiB — 707 ms — h2https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/base-themes/cityuhk-theme-main/styles/jquery-uimin.css?rev=870c1437781a4c30987e218817032315&hash=80066746E68947E32EF64A87C0C9175Ewww.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/base-theme... https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/base-themes/cityuhk-theme-main/styles/jquery-uimin.css?rev=870c1437781a4c30987e218817032315&hash=80066746E68947E32EF64A87C0C9175E — 200 — 9.6 KiB — 375 ms — h2https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/base-themes/cityuhk-theme-main/styles/swiper-bundlemin.css?rev=669b24fddc6845a8b8666d772463e1b2&hash=EFDD0C33DFEED044DC36EAF798D15F8Fwww.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/base-theme... https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/base-themes/cityuhk-theme-main/styles/swiper-bundlemin.css?rev=669b24fddc6845a8b8666d772463e1b2&hash=EFDD0C33DFEED044DC36EAF798D15F8F — 200 — 6.1 KiB — 379 ms — h2https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/base-themes/cityuhk-theme-main/styles/aos.css?rev=4af3024b3c0d4c438879d7ce57c0c6b2&hash=5548964E7C0EB84C8801DF5614211560www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/base-theme... https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/base-themes/cityuhk-theme-main/styles/aos.css?rev=4af3024b3c0d4c438879d7ce57c0c6b2&hash=5548964E7C0EB84C8801DF5614211560 — 200 — 3.9 KiB — 392 ms — h2https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/base-themes/cityuhk-theme-main/styles/override-unmin.css?rev=8b86b3a1ce29476591b558f7084f73a8&hash=2ACED22D806FFB44C9CB109804F1A06Bwww.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/base-theme... https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/base-themes/cityuhk-theme-main/styles/override-unmin.css?rev=8b86b3a1ce29476591b558f7084f73a8&hash=2ACED22D806FFB44C9CB109804F1A06B — 200 — 399 B — 666 ms — h2https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/base-themes/cityuhk-theme-header-footer/styles/department-header.css?rev=b5b826158c514450894f80cd371a1c7c&hash=AB72F63475B066A83CF9584331DA9DD3www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/base-theme... https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/base-themes/cityuhk-theme-header-footer/styles/department-header.css?rev=b5b826158c514450894f80cd371a1c7c&hash=AB72F63475B066A83CF9584331DA9DD3 — 200 — 8.4 KiB — 741 ms — h2https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/base-themes/cityuhk-theme-header-footer/styles/department-footer.css?rev=38cb826eb0f247319a157ac73d246238&hash=349F26681D3DFE41CF14B213D4CB1D1Bwww.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/base-theme... 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h2https://www.cityu.edu.hk/home/-/media/1B135FE5F8214F03B64F43F0B90896A2.ashxwww.cityu.edu.hk/home/-/media/1B135... https://www.cityu.edu.hk/home/-/media/1B135FE5F8214F03B64F43F0B90896A2.ashx — 301 — 200 B — 4.0 s — h2data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAP///wAAACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABA... data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAP///wAAACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw== — 200 — 0 B — 0 ms — datahttps://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/project/cityuhk/home-site/home/heroes/stories_tommyng.jpg?rev=4d20438beee14900b62c3749d49f7757&hash=DFD2F40F47868FC70D91499FBA71BF72www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/project/ci... https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/project/cityuhk/home-site/home/heroes/stories_tommyng.jpg?rev=4d20438beee14900b62c3749d49f7757&hash=DFD2F40F47868FC70D91499FBA71BF72 — 200 — 162.4 KiB — 4.1 s — h2https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/project/cityuhk/home-site/home/heroes/stories_chankalam.jpg?rev=de79780198584268a7d497c4b4e9be84&hash=782EEED6C13E78BFCC97293E238A4115www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/project/ci... https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/project/cityuhk/home-site/home/heroes/stories_chankalam.jpg?rev=de79780198584268a7d497c4b4e9be84&hash=782EEED6C13E78BFCC97293E238A4115 — 200 — 125.2 KiB — 4.4 s — h2https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/project/cityuhk/home-site/home/heroes/stories_cissy.jpg?rev=bd3bea77f2b4478cb21121293519e0c8&hash=0E2FE1BB6F22AFFA5F1DEC4D4D0400B5www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/project/ci... https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/project/cityuhk/home-site/home/heroes/stories_cissy.jpg?rev=bd3bea77f2b4478cb21121293519e0c8&hash=0E2FE1BB6F22AFFA5F1DEC4D4D0400B5 — 200 — 296.9 KiB — 4.3 s — h2https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/project/cityuhk/home-site/home/heroes/stories_wangdian.jpg?rev=faee14b0932c40adab57ab6f6e56bc66&hash=9CD6A00A507608F696DDC1BB54AA729Ewww.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/project/ci... https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/project/cityuhk/home-site/home/heroes/stories_wangdian.jpg?rev=faee14b0932c40adab57ab6f6e56bc66&hash=9CD6A00A507608F696DDC1BB54AA729E — 200 — 90.8 KiB — 4.7 s — h2https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/project/cityuhk/home-site/home/heroes/stories_gracelau.jpg?rev=772b80ee7410460aaf6f6c9ac0f23882&hash=7C50BB776C623439D5108B2FFEFE11D5www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/project/ci... https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/project/cityuhk/home-site/home/heroes/stories_gracelau.jpg?rev=772b80ee7410460aaf6f6c9ac0f23882&hash=7C50BB776C623439D5108B2FFEFE11D5 — 200 — 70.9 KiB — 4.8 s — h2https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/project/cityuhk/home-site/home/heroes/stories_nancychau.jpg?rev=c256b680987b47159e0fc190c80cdc67&hash=6E49334D3179450E3A0B974E5B3B9162www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/project/ci... https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/project/cityuhk/home-site/home/heroes/stories_nancychau.jpg?rev=c256b680987b47159e0fc190c80cdc67&hash=6E49334D3179450E3A0B974E5B3B9162 — 200 — 350.1 KiB — 5.1 s — h2https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/project/cityuhk/home-site/home/heroes/stories_toa_char.jpg?rev=ea6cf8623f2e494287a1ae27ca90250d&hash=E26BFEA0F6544A029A1F5F1C00A91D89www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/project/ci... https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/project/cityuhk/home-site/home/heroes/stories_toa_char.jpg?rev=ea6cf8623f2e494287a1ae27ca90250d&hash=E26BFEA0F6544A029A1F5F1C00A91D89 — 200 — 239.8 KiB — 5.5 s — h2https://www.cityu.edu.hk/image/icon/banner-btn-more-arrow.svgwww.cityu.edu.hk/image/icon/banner-... https://www.cityu.edu.hk/image/icon/banner-btn-more-arrow.svg — 200 — 549 B — 5.1 s — h2https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/project/cityuhk/home-site/media/news/2026/04/13/260413-1_stem.jpg?rev=41dbf63aad784e69a62032fdfc04cc32&hash=5D3549CB38BD2766AA5D3C5700BAB476www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/project/ci... https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/project/cityuhk/home-site/media/news/2026/04/13/260413-1_stem.jpg?rev=41dbf63aad784e69a62032fdfc04cc32&hash=5D3549CB38BD2766AA5D3C5700BAB476 — 200 — 951.9 KiB — 6.0 s — h2https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/project/cityuhk/home-site/media/news/2026/04/09/260402-1_cityquest.jpg?rev=445a200a8e374d8db6930ebc1d2c4619&hash=1339A1827A6DB3ABF9EFA6505594A36Awww.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/project/ci... https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/project/cityuhk/home-site/media/news/2026/04/09/260402-1_cityquest.jpg?rev=445a200a8e374d8db6930ebc1d2c4619&hash=1339A1827A6DB3ABF9EFA6505594A36A — 200 — 1000.1 KiB — 5.7 s — h2https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/project/cityuhk/home-site/media/news/2026/04/02/260402-2_sportsaward.jpg?rev=aa82718fff4f4c9a84a55f98a252d02f&hash=5EF79EC503B561DBCEAB711D10337CAEwww.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/project/ci... https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/project/cityuhk/home-site/media/news/2026/04/02/260402-2_sportsaward.jpg?rev=aa82718fff4f4c9a84a55f98a252d02f&hash=5EF79EC503B561DBCEAB711D10337CAE — 200 — 942.9 KiB — 6.0 s — h2https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/project/cityuhk/home-site/media/news/2026/03/30/260327-2_low-altitude-economy.jpg?rev=9d8c74a6102d4bd0bf27cf8489ca5583&hash=0E043E8DB0BF32025B92F32F2C281C2Awww.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/project/ci... https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/project/cityuhk/home-site/media/news/2026/03/30/260327-2_low-altitude-economy.jpg?rev=9d8c74a6102d4bd0bf27cf8489ca5583&hash=0E043E8DB0BF32025B92F32F2C281C2A — 200 — 421.8 KiB — 6.1 s — h2https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/project/cityuhk/home-site/media/news/2026/04/20/2026-04-16-prof-wen-xiong-wang-award-cp_v1.mp4?rev=b01001b7bb01496d8e789a44cde13867&hash=D3069FA125043708095B0BE56A8DBC49www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/project/ci... https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/project/cityuhk/home-site/media/news/2026/04/20/2026-04-16-prof-wen-xiong-wang-award-cp_v1.mp4?rev=b01001b7bb01496d8e789a44cde13867&hash=D3069FA125043708095B0BE56A8DBC49 — 206 — 2.3 MiB — 6.3 s — h2https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/project/cityuhk/home-site/media/news/2026/04/20/2026-04-16-prof-wen-xiong-wang-award-cp_v1.mp4?rev=b01001b7bb01496d8e789a44cde13867&hash=D3069FA125043708095B0BE56A8DBC49www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/project/ci... https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/project/cityuhk/home-site/media/news/2026/04/20/2026-04-16-prof-wen-xiong-wang-award-cp_v1.mp4?rev=b01001b7bb01496d8e789a44cde13867&hash=D3069FA125043708095B0BE56A8DBC49 — 206 — 184 B — 6.4 s — h2https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/project/cityuhk/home-site/media/news/2026/03/25/260325-1.jpg?rev=4c7bcf71b2fe43fe879352b6935e41b4&hash=4AF76C4BB6E3705AD244F2CEA38DBD81www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/project/ci... https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/project/cityuhk/home-site/media/news/2026/03/25/260325-1.jpg?rev=4c7bcf71b2fe43fe879352b6935e41b4&hash=4AF76C4BB6E3705AD244F2CEA38DBD81 — 200 — 520.5 KiB — 3.9 s — h2https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/project/cityuhk/home-site/media/news/2026/03/24/260324-6_tencent-ai.jpg?rev=0e82d93e985e489187ae31add880038c&hash=471845056296D58CD9D8D86ED0E7A543www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/project/ci... https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/project/cityuhk/home-site/media/news/2026/03/24/260324-6_tencent-ai.jpg?rev=0e82d93e985e489187ae31add880038c&hash=471845056296D58CD9D8D86ED0E7A543 — 200 — 575.2 KiB — 2.9 s — h2https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/1B135FE5F8214F03B64F43F0B90896A2.ashxwww.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/1B135FE5F8... https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/1B135FE5F8214F03B64F43F0B90896A2.ashx — 301 — 159 B — 427 ms — h2https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/1b135fe5f8214f03b64f43f0b90896a2.ashxwww.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/1b135fe5f8... https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/1b135fe5f8214f03b64f43f0b90896a2.ashx — 200 — 398 B — 368 ms — h2https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/project/cityuhk/shared/settings/favicon.ico?rev=76479cdf9a794a2295fe48dedc0753a7www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/project/ci... https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/project/cityuhk/shared/settings/favicon.ico?rev=76479cdf9a794a2295fe48dedc0753a7 — 200 — 2.8 KiB — 416 ms — h2https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/project/cityuhk/home-site/media/news/2026/04/20/hero-cissy-wong_cp.mp4?rev=6cb43d65cf774c0091fe6afa7cc6255b&hash=A24D5B3DDA8497103551EA18771B1D13www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/project/ci... https://www.cityu.edu.hk/-/media/project/cityuhk/home-site/media/news/2026/04/20/hero-cissy-wong_cp.mp4?rev=6cb43d65cf774c0091fe6afa7cc6255b&hash=A24D5B3DDA8497103551EA18771B1D13 — 206 — 576.3 KiB — 387 ms — h2
HTML JavaScript CSS Images Fonts XHR/Fetch Other
Third-Party Script Cost
Per-script blocking time, transfer cost, and cache headers
INFO
100% of JavaScript execution is third-party
First-party Third-party 1725ms · 720KB · HK$128/mo
www.cityu.edu.hk
Other
Costly
Execution 498ms
Transfer 55 KB
Unused 55%
Monthly Cost HK$37/mo
Unattributable
Other
Costly
Execution 457ms
Transfer 0 KB
Monthly Cost HK$34/mo
www.cityu.edu.hk
Other
Costly
Execution 327ms
Transfer 22 KB
Monthly Cost HK$24/mo
www.cityu.edu.hk
Other
Optional
Execution 183ms
Transfer 434 KB
Unused 69%
Monthly Cost HK$14/mo
www.cityu.edu.hk
Other
Optional
Execution 172ms
Transfer 38 KB
Monthly Cost HK$13/mo
Google Tag Manager
Tag Manager
Optional
Execution 89ms
Transfer 170 KB
Unused 40%
Monthly Cost HK$7/mo

These scripts may cost more than they're worth

  • www.cityu.edu.hk adds 498ms and costs ~HK$37/month
  • Unattributable adds 457ms and costs ~HK$34/month
  • www.cityu.edu.hk adds 327ms and costs ~HK$24/month

100% of JavaScript execution time is spent on third-party scripts. Consider auditing which scripts are essential.

Why this matters

When third-party JS execution time exceeds your own, performance gains from frontend work are capped by code you don't own.

Learn more ▾

Every millisecond of third-party JS competes with your own for main-thread time. If their share is bigger than yours, optimization on your code base barely moves the needle. Audit, defer, or remove third-parties before further frontend optimization. Use Lighthouse's third-party audit to identify the worst offenders.

Source: web.dev

www.cityu.edu.hk takes 498ms of CPU time. Consider loading it asynchronously or replacing it with a lighter alternative.

Why this matters

This script has high main-thread execution time — optimize hot paths or defer.

Source: web.dev

55% of www.cityu.edu.hk's code is unused. The script may be loading features you don't use.

Why this matters

Bundle has high unused-code ratio — tree-shaking and route-splitting recover the wasted bytes.

Source: web.dev

Unattributable takes 457ms of CPU time. Consider loading it asynchronously or replacing it with a lighter alternative.

Why this matters

This script has high main-thread execution time — optimize hot paths or defer.

Source: web.dev

www.cityu.edu.hk takes 327ms of CPU time. Consider loading it asynchronously or replacing it with a lighter alternative.

Why this matters

This script has high main-thread execution time — optimize hot paths or defer.

Source: web.dev

69% of www.cityu.edu.hk's code is unused. The script may be loading features you don't use.

Why this matters

Bundle has high unused-code ratio — tree-shaking and route-splitting recover the wasted bytes.

Source: web.dev

How third-party costs are calculated

All checks on this page are automated. Results are estimates - run targeted manual reviews when the score affects a release decision.

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