Skip to content
https://dovepress.com

Performance

· 17 checks — Lighthouse + waterfall + sustainability rolled into one auditable list.
SCORE
80
GRADE
B
FIX
4
REVIEW
3
PASS
8
INFO
2

Performance-focused optimization plan with CWV assessment, top offenders, and time estimates

Mobile Desktop
43
Performance Overall performance score (0–100) based on Core Web Vitals and other metrics. 90+ is good.
96
Accessibility Measures how accessible the page is for users with disabilities. Checks color contrast, ARIA labels, and semantic HTML.
96
Best Practices Checks for modern web development best practices including HTTPS, no console errors, and secure JavaScript.
92
SEO Measures basic SEO optimizations: meta tags, crawlability, link text, and mobile friendliness.

First Contentful Paint First Contentful Paint — how long until the browser renders the first piece of content. Under 1.8s is good.

4.06 s

Largest Contentful Paint Largest Contentful Paint — how long until the largest visible element loads. Under 2.5s is good.

11.47 s

Total Blocking Time Total Blocking Time — total time the main thread was blocked, preventing user input. Under 200ms is good.

1.02 s

Cumulative Layout Shift Cumulative Layout Shift — measures visual stability. How much the page layout shifts during loading. Under 0.1 is good.

0.024

Speed Index Speed Index — how quickly content is visually displayed during load. Under 3.4s is good.

4.06 s

Time to Interactive Time to Interactive — how long until the page is fully interactive and responds to user input. Under 3.8s is good.

12.74 s

Page Load Progression

375 ms
750 ms
1.1 s
1.5 s
1.9 s
2.2 s
2.6 s
3.0 s
Checks
17
8 PASS 3 REVIEW 4 FIX
D
Third-Party Impact
Action
100% third-party, 0 ms blocking
FIX
100% third-party, 0 ms blocking
Warning::
Third-party code accounts for 100% of page weight (1.2 MiB of 1.2 MiB)
Info::
Third-party blocking time is low (0 ms)
100%
First-party Third-party
D
JS Execution Cost
Action
2368ms total JS execution
FIX
2368ms total JS execution
Warning::
https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=GTM-5CH...: 427ms CPU time
Warning::
https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/destination?...: 424ms CPU time
Warning::
Unattributable: 334ms CPU time
Warning::
https://www.dovepress.com/: 312ms CPU time
Info::
https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-YJTM...: 245ms CPU time
Warning::
Third-party scripts: 2368ms (100% of total)

Main Thread Breakdown

Script Evaluation 67% Script Parsing & Compilation 10% Other 10% Style & Layout 7%
ScriptTotalScriptingParse/CompileParty
https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=GTM-5CH6KJK427ms371ms40ms3rd
https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/destination?id=G-0HYE8YG0M6&cx=c&gtm=4e64k0424ms373ms47ms3rd
Unattributable334ms119ms0ms3rd
https://www.dovepress.com/312ms31ms4ms3rd
https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-YJTMN7FZFG&cx=c&gtm=4e64k0245ms192ms53ms3rd
https://transcend-cdn.com/cm/ef49a3f1-d8c1-47d6-88fc-50e41130631f/tcf/ui.js230ms195ms26ms3rd
https://transcend-cdn.com/cm/ef49a3f1-d8c1-47d6-88fc-50e41130631f/airgap.js180ms152ms20ms3rd
https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=AW-1038931610&cx=c&gtm=4e64k0164ms134ms29ms3rd
https://www.dovepress.com/assets/js/jquery-ui-1.10.4.custom.min.js52ms30ms18ms3rd
D
JS Bundles
Action
18 scripts, 334 KB unused
FIX
18 scripts, 334 KB unused
Warning::
https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-YJTM...: 68 KB unused (40%)
Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code.
Warning::
https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=AW-103...: 64 KB unused (43%)
Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code.
Warning::
https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=GTM-5CH...: 63 KB unused (37%)
Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code.
Warning::
https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/destination?...: 58 KB unused (32%)
Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code.
Warning::
https://www.dovepress.com/assets/js/jquery-ui-1.10...: 53 KB unused (90%)
Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code.
Info::
Total unused JavaScript: 334 KB
334 KB unused JavaScript

Downloaded but never executed on this page.

ScriptSizeUnusedMinifiedParty
https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-YJTMN7FZFG&cx=c&gtm=4e64k0171 KB68 KB (40%)✓3rd
https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=AW-1038931610&cx=c&gtm=4e64k0146 KB64 KB (43%)✓3rd
https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=GTM-5CH6KJK171 KB63 KB (37%)✓3rd
https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/destination?id=G-0HYE8YG0M6&cx=c&gtm=4e64k0183 KB58 KB (32%)✓3rd
https://www.dovepress.com/assets/js/jquery-ui-1.10.4.custom.min.js60 KB53 KB (90%)✓3rd
https://transcend-cdn.com/cm/ef49a3f1-d8c1-47d6-88fc-50e41130631f/tcf/ui.js85 KB27 KB (33%)✓3rd
https://www.dovepress.com/assets/js/addon/jquery.formtools.js3 KB—✓3rd
https://www.dovepress.com/assets/js/jquery.news_ticker.min.js1 KB—✓3rd
https://www.dovepress.com/assets/js/addon/jquery.popupBox.min.js2 KB—✓3rd
https://transcend-cdn.com/cm/ef49a3f1-d8c1-47d6-88fc-50e41130631f/airgap.js78 KB—✓3rd

Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code.

Why this matters

This bundle has high unused code — code-split or tree-shake to ship only what executes.

Source: web.dev / Lighthouse coverage

Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code.

Why this matters

This bundle has high unused code — code-split or tree-shake to ship only what executes.

Source: web.dev / Lighthouse coverage

Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code.

Why this matters

This bundle has high unused code — code-split or tree-shake to ship only what executes.

Source: web.dev / Lighthouse coverage

Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code.

Why this matters

This bundle has high unused code — code-split or tree-shake to ship only what executes.

Source: web.dev / Lighthouse coverage

Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code.

Why this matters

This bundle has high unused code — code-split or tree-shake to ship only what executes.

Source: web.dev / Lighthouse coverage

F
HTTP Caching
Action
No cache headers
FIX
No cache headers
Warning::
No Cache-Control header found
Browsers will use heuristic caching, which can be unpredictable. Set explicit cache headers.

No Cache-Control header

Adding a Cache-Control header can significantly improve repeat-visit performance.

B
Page Weight Budget
1.2 MB transferred, 42 requests
REVIEW
1.2 MB transferred, 42 requests
Info::
Page weighs 4.0 MB (1.2 MB transferred)
Warning::
JavaScript is 945 KB — consider code splitting or lazy loading
Large JavaScript bundles delay interactivity. Split code by route or defer non-critical scripts.
Got: 945 KB
Info::
42 HTTP requests
Info::
Estimated 0.24 g CO2 per page load
1.2 MB / 2.4 MB budget
1.2 MB transferred
42 requests
0.24 g CO2 per page load
JavaScript 944.9 KiB 79%
Fonts 85.2 KiB 7%
CSS 56.9 KiB 5%
Other 36.5 KiB 3%
Images 34.4 KiB 3%
Other 16.2 KiB 1%
HTML 10.8 KiB 1%
Other 8.6 KiB 1%
0 2.4 MB 4.9 MB
Under budget

Large JavaScript bundles delay interactivity. Split code by route or defer non-critical scripts.

Why this matters

JavaScript bundle is large — code-split routes and lazy-load off-screen components to defer.

Source: web.dev

B
Image Optimization
10 images, 0 KB saveable
REVIEW
10 images, 0 KB saveable
Warning::
https://www.dovepress.com/assets/img/flags/cn.png is missing width/height — may cause layout shift
Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.
Warning::
https://www.dovepress.com/logo_group.png is missing width/height — may cause layout shift
Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.
Warning::
https://www.dovepress.com/assets/img/article_icons... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift
Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.
Warning::
https://www.dovepress.com/assets/img/article_icons... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift
Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.
Warning::
https://www.dovepress.com/assets/img/youtube_socia... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift
Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.
Warning::
https://img.youtube.com/vi/RMVi0ExF3-g/1.jpg is missing width/height — may cause layout shift
Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.
Warning::
https://img.youtube.com/vi/noS6MGz8XZo/1.jpg is missing width/height — may cause layout shift
Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.
Warning::
https://www.dovepress.com/assets/img/article_icons... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift
Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.
10 images 34 KB
0 oversized -0 KB
3 legacy format
8 missing dimensions CLS risk

Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.

Why this matters

Image without explicit width/height — browser can't reserve space; CLS jumps when image loads.

Source: web.dev / Core Web Vitals

Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.

Why this matters

Image without explicit width/height — browser can't reserve space; CLS jumps when image loads.

Source: web.dev / Core Web Vitals

Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.

Why this matters

Image without explicit width/height — browser can't reserve space; CLS jumps when image loads.

Source: web.dev / Core Web Vitals

Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.

Why this matters

Image without explicit width/height — browser can't reserve space; CLS jumps when image loads.

Source: web.dev / Core Web Vitals

Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.

Why this matters

Image without explicit width/height — browser can't reserve space; CLS jumps when image loads.

Source: web.dev / Core Web Vitals

Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.

Why this matters

Image without explicit width/height — browser can't reserve space; CLS jumps when image loads.

Source: web.dev / Core Web Vitals

Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.

Why this matters

Image without explicit width/height — browser can't reserve space; CLS jumps when image loads.

Source: web.dev / Core Web Vitals

Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.

Why this matters

Image without explicit width/height — browser can't reserve space; CLS jumps when image loads.

Source: web.dev / Core Web Vitals

B
Page Weight Inventory
42 resources · 1.2 MB · 334 KB savings available
REVIEW
42 resources · 1.2 MB · 334 KB savings available
Warning::
Page weight 169 KB over 1MB target
Got: 1.2 MB Expected: ≤ 1 MB
Info::
~334 KB of savings available
Warning::
41 third-party resources (100% of weight)
42 resources · 1.2 MiB · 41 third-party 169.5 KiB over 1MB target
JavaScript 79% · 944.9 KiB
Font 7% · 85.2 KiB
Image 6% · 69.8 KiB
CSS 5% · 56.9 KiB
Other 2% · 24.4 KiB
Document 1% · 12.3 KiB

~334.2 KiB of savings available

Remove unused JavaScript: 334.2 KiB
A+
Text Compression
All text resources are compressed
PASS
All text resources are compressed
Info::
All text resources are compressed
All text resources are properly compressed.
A+
Font Loading
3 fonts (85 KB)
PASS
3 fonts (85 KB)
Info::
3 font(s) use font-display: swap (FOUT risk but functional)

Web fonts

3

85 KB total

Render-blocking

0

of 3

Dominant font-display

swap

Most common across fonts

Font loading timeline
Transfer FOIT (block) FOUT (swap)
0 ms 2.0 s 4.0 s 6.0 s 8.0 s 10.0 s 12.0 s FCP 4.1 s LCP 11.5 shttps://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v44/memvYaGs126MiZpBA-UvWbX2vVnXBbObj2OVTS-mu0SC55I.woff2memvYaGs126MiZpBA-UvWbX... https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v44/memvYaGs126MiZpBA-UvWbX2vVnXBbObj2OVTS-mu0SC55I.woff2 — 42.0 KiB — 63 ms — font-display: swaphttps://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v44/memvYaGs126MiZpBA-UvWbX2vVnXBbObj2OVTSGmu0SC55K5gw.woff2memvYaGs126MiZpBA-UvWbX... https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v44/memvYaGs126MiZpBA-UvWbX2vVnXBbObj2OVTSGmu0SC55K5gw.woff2 — 29.9 KiB — 60 ms — font-display: swaphttps://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v44/memvYaGs126MiZpBA-UvWbX2vVnXBbObj2OVTS2mu0SC55K5gw.woff2memvYaGs126MiZpBA-UvWbX... https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v44/memvYaGs126MiZpBA-UvWbX2vVnXBbObj2OVTS2mu0SC55K5gw.woff2 — 13.3 KiB — 29 ms — font-display: swap
memvYaGs126MiZpBA-UvWbX... woff2 swap
Size 42 KB
Load time 63 ms
Start 1.1 s
Risk FOUT — text flashes from fallback to web font
memvYaGs126MiZpBA-UvWbX... woff2 swap
Size 30 KB
Load time 60 ms
Start 1.1 s
Risk FOUT — text flashes from fallback to web font
memvYaGs126MiZpBA-UvWbX... woff2 swap
Size 13 KB
Load time 29 ms
Start 1.2 s
Risk FOUT — text flashes from fallback to web font
Optimization checklist
  • Preload critical fonts (priority=high)
  • Use woff2 format for all fonts
  • Set font-display to swap, optional, or fallback
  • Subset large fonts (≤100 KB each)
A+
Resource Caching
All resources properly cached
PASS
All resources properly cached
Info::
No caching issues found
All static resources have appropriate caching headers.
A+
Critical Rendering Path
No render-blocking resources
PASS
No render-blocking resources
Info::
No render-blocking resources detected
A+
Resource Hints
No optimization needed
PASS
No optimization needed
Info::
No resource hint issues
A+
Render-Blocking Resources
No render-blocking resources detected
PASS
No render-blocking resources detected
Info::
No render-blocking resources detected in <head>
A+
Third-Party Resources
No third-party resources detected
PASS
No third-party resources detected
A+
Green Hosting
Whether the site is served from green-energy infrastructure
PASS

Green Hosting

This site is hosted on green energy infrastructure

Provider: Cloudflare

Network Waterfall
42 requests over 3372ms
INFO
0 ms 2.0 s 4.0 s 6.0 s 8.0 s 10.0 s 12.0 s FCP 4.1 s LCP 11.5 shttps://dovepress.com// https://dovepress.com/ — 301 — 1.1 KiB — 844 ms — h2https://www.dovepress.com/www.dovepress.com/ https://www.dovepress.com/ — 200 — 10.8 KiB — 34 ms — h2https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:400,600,700fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Ope... https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:400,600,700 — 200 — 2.2 KiB — 86 ms — h2https://www.dovepress.com/cr_data/cache/css_compressed/min.default.all.v22.28.csswww.dovepress.com/cr_data/cache/css... https://www.dovepress.com/cr_data/cache/css_compressed/min.default.all.v22.28.css — 200 — 51.3 KiB — 31 ms — h2https://transcend-cdn.com/cm/ef49a3f1-d8c1-47d6-88fc-50e41130631f/airgap.jstranscend-cdn.com/cm/ef49a3f1-d8c1-... https://transcend-cdn.com/cm/ef49a3f1-d8c1-47d6-88fc-50e41130631f/airgap.js — 200 — 77.7 KiB — 155 ms — h3https://www.dovepress.com/assets/img/flags/cn.pngwww.dovepress.com/assets/img/flags/... https://www.dovepress.com/assets/img/flags/cn.png — 200 — 389 B — 32 ms — h2https://www.dovepress.com/logo_group.pngwww.dovepress.com/logo_group.png https://www.dovepress.com/logo_group.png — 200 — 20.8 KiB — 31 ms — h2https://www.dovepress.com/assets/img/article_icons/highly-accessed.pngwww.dovepress.com/assets/img/articl... https://www.dovepress.com/assets/img/article_icons/highly-accessed.png — 200 — 1017 B — 33 ms — h3https://www.dovepress.com/assets/img/article_icons/video.pngwww.dovepress.com/assets/img/articl... https://www.dovepress.com/assets/img/article_icons/video.png — 200 — 867 B — 54 ms — h3https://www.dovepress.com/assets/js/jquery-3.3.1.min.jswww.dovepress.com/assets/js/jquery-... https://www.dovepress.com/assets/js/jquery-3.3.1.min.js — 200 — 29.9 KiB — 46 ms — h3https://www.dovepress.com/assets/js/jquery-ui-1.10.4.custom.min.jswww.dovepress.com/assets/js/jquery-... https://www.dovepress.com/assets/js/jquery-ui-1.10.4.custom.min.js — 200 — 59.6 KiB — 58 ms — h3https://www.dovepress.com/assets/js/functions_v7.js?v=1776892500www.dovepress.com/assets/js/functio... https://www.dovepress.com/assets/js/functions_v7.js?v=1776892500 — 200 — 3.6 KiB — 31 ms — h3https://www.dovepress.com/assets/img/mobile-icon.pngwww.dovepress.com/assets/img/mobile... https://www.dovepress.com/assets/img/mobile-icon.png — 200 — 432 B — 28 ms — h3https://www.dovepress.com/assets/img/article_icons/plain-language.pngwww.dovepress.com/assets/img/articl... https://www.dovepress.com/assets/img/article_icons/plain-language.png — 200 — 968 B — 28 ms — h3https://transcend-cdn.com/cm/ef49a3f1-d8c1-47d6-88fc-50e41130631f/policies/GDPR.jsontranscend-cdn.com/cm/ef49a3f1-d8c1-... https://transcend-cdn.com/cm/ef49a3f1-d8c1-47d6-88fc-50e41130631f/policies/GDPR.json — 200 — 6.4 KiB — 272 ms — h3https://www.dovepress.com/assets/img/youtube_social_icon_dark.pngwww.dovepress.com/assets/img/youtub... https://www.dovepress.com/assets/img/youtube_social_icon_dark.png — 200 — 965 B — 46 ms — h3https://img.youtube.com/vi/RMVi0ExF3-g/1.jpgimg.youtube.com/vi/RMVi0ExF3-g/1.jp... https://img.youtube.com/vi/RMVi0ExF3-g/1.jpg — 200 — 3.3 KiB — 130 ms — h2https://img.youtube.com/vi/noS6MGz8XZo/1.jpgimg.youtube.com/vi/noS6MGz8XZo/1.jp... https://img.youtube.com/vi/noS6MGz8XZo/1.jpg — 200 — 2.7 KiB — 127 ms — h2https://www.dovepress.com/assets/js/addon/jquery.formtools.jswww.dovepress.com/assets/js/addon/j... https://www.dovepress.com/assets/js/addon/jquery.formtools.js — 200 — 2.8 KiB — 29 ms — h3https://www.dovepress.com/assets/js/addon/jquery.popupBox.min.jswww.dovepress.com/assets/js/addon/j... https://www.dovepress.com/assets/js/addon/jquery.popupBox.min.js — 200 — 1.6 KiB — 48 ms — h3https://www.dovepress.com/assets/js/jquery.news_ticker.min.jswww.dovepress.com/assets/js/jquery.... https://www.dovepress.com/assets/js/jquery.news_ticker.min.js — 200 — 1.4 KiB — 31 ms — h3https://transcend-cdn.com/cm/ef49a3f1-d8c1-47d6-88fc-50e41130631f/tcf/ui.jstranscend-cdn.com/cm/ef49a3f1-d8c1-... https://transcend-cdn.com/cm/ef49a3f1-d8c1-47d6-88fc-50e41130631f/tcf/ui.js — 200 — 84.7 KiB — 352 ms — h3https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=GTM-5CH6KJKwww.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=... https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=GTM-5CH6KJK — 200 — 170.6 KiB — 170 ms — h2https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v44/memvYaGs126MiZpBA-UvWbX2vVnXBbObj2OVTS-mu0SC55I.woff2fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v44/me... https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v44/memvYaGs126MiZpBA-UvWbX2vVnXBbObj2OVTS-mu0SC55I.woff2 — 200 — 42.0 KiB — 63 ms — h3https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v44/memvYaGs126MiZpBA-UvWbX2vVnXBbObj2OVTSGmu0SC55K5gw.woff2fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v44/me... https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v44/memvYaGs126MiZpBA-UvWbX2vVnXBbObj2OVTSGmu0SC55K5gw.woff2 — 200 — 29.9 KiB — 60 ms — h3https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v44/memvYaGs126MiZpBA-UvWbX2vVnXBbObj2OVTS2mu0SC55K5gw.woff2fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v44/me... https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v44/memvYaGs126MiZpBA-UvWbX2vVnXBbObj2OVTS2mu0SC55K5gw.woff2 — 200 — 13.3 KiB — 29 ms — h3https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=AW-1038931610&cx=c&gtm=4e64k0www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id... https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=AW-1038931610&cx=c&gtm=4e64k0 — 200 — 146.4 KiB — 47 ms — h2https://transcend-cdn.com/cm/ef49a3f1-d8c1-47d6-88fc-50e41130631f/tcf/vendor-list.jsontranscend-cdn.com/cm/ef49a3f1-d8c1-... https://transcend-cdn.com/cm/ef49a3f1-d8c1-47d6-88fc-50e41130631f/tcf/vendor-list.json — 200 — 15.5 KiB — 294 ms — h3https://image.providesupport.com/js/0u5bkmd8ytkci1n86hdd6hcgj4/safe-standard-sync.js?ps_h=BuTp&ps_t=1776892997649image.providesupport.com/js/0u5bkmd... https://image.providesupport.com/js/0u5bkmd8ytkci1n86hdd6hcgj4/safe-standard-sync.js?ps_h=BuTp&ps_t=1776892997649 — 200 — 754 B — 513 ms — h2https://image.providesupport.com/sjs/static.jsimage.providesupport.com/sjs/static... https://image.providesupport.com/sjs/static.js — 200 — 5.9 KiB — 155 ms — h2
0 ms 2.0 s 4.0 s 6.0 s 8.0 s 10.0 s 12.0 s FCP 4.1 s LCP 11.5 shttps://dovepress.com// https://dovepress.com/ — 301 — 1.1 KiB — 844 ms — h2https://www.dovepress.com/www.dovepress.com/ https://www.dovepress.com/ — 200 — 10.8 KiB — 34 ms — h2https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:400,600,700fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Ope... https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:400,600,700 — 200 — 2.2 KiB — 86 ms — h2https://www.dovepress.com/cr_data/cache/css_compressed/min.default.all.v22.28.csswww.dovepress.com/cr_data/cache/css... https://www.dovepress.com/cr_data/cache/css_compressed/min.default.all.v22.28.css — 200 — 51.3 KiB — 31 ms — h2https://transcend-cdn.com/cm/ef49a3f1-d8c1-47d6-88fc-50e41130631f/airgap.jstranscend-cdn.com/cm/ef49a3f1-d8c1-... https://transcend-cdn.com/cm/ef49a3f1-d8c1-47d6-88fc-50e41130631f/airgap.js — 200 — 77.7 KiB — 155 ms — h3https://www.dovepress.com/assets/img/flags/cn.pngwww.dovepress.com/assets/img/flags/... https://www.dovepress.com/assets/img/flags/cn.png — 200 — 389 B — 32 ms — h2https://www.dovepress.com/logo_group.pngwww.dovepress.com/logo_group.png https://www.dovepress.com/logo_group.png — 200 — 20.8 KiB — 31 ms — h2https://www.dovepress.com/assets/img/article_icons/highly-accessed.pngwww.dovepress.com/assets/img/articl... https://www.dovepress.com/assets/img/article_icons/highly-accessed.png — 200 — 1017 B — 33 ms — h3https://www.dovepress.com/assets/img/article_icons/video.pngwww.dovepress.com/assets/img/articl... https://www.dovepress.com/assets/img/article_icons/video.png — 200 — 867 B — 54 ms — h3https://www.dovepress.com/assets/js/jquery-3.3.1.min.jswww.dovepress.com/assets/js/jquery-... https://www.dovepress.com/assets/js/jquery-3.3.1.min.js — 200 — 29.9 KiB — 46 ms — h3https://www.dovepress.com/assets/js/jquery-ui-1.10.4.custom.min.jswww.dovepress.com/assets/js/jquery-... https://www.dovepress.com/assets/js/jquery-ui-1.10.4.custom.min.js — 200 — 59.6 KiB — 58 ms — h3https://www.dovepress.com/assets/js/functions_v7.js?v=1776892500www.dovepress.com/assets/js/functio... https://www.dovepress.com/assets/js/functions_v7.js?v=1776892500 — 200 — 3.6 KiB — 31 ms — h3https://www.dovepress.com/assets/img/mobile-icon.pngwww.dovepress.com/assets/img/mobile... https://www.dovepress.com/assets/img/mobile-icon.png — 200 — 432 B — 28 ms — h3https://www.dovepress.com/assets/img/article_icons/plain-language.pngwww.dovepress.com/assets/img/articl... https://www.dovepress.com/assets/img/article_icons/plain-language.png — 200 — 968 B — 28 ms — h3https://transcend-cdn.com/cm/ef49a3f1-d8c1-47d6-88fc-50e41130631f/policies/GDPR.jsontranscend-cdn.com/cm/ef49a3f1-d8c1-... https://transcend-cdn.com/cm/ef49a3f1-d8c1-47d6-88fc-50e41130631f/policies/GDPR.json — 200 — 6.4 KiB — 272 ms — h3https://www.dovepress.com/assets/img/youtube_social_icon_dark.pngwww.dovepress.com/assets/img/youtub... https://www.dovepress.com/assets/img/youtube_social_icon_dark.png — 200 — 965 B — 46 ms — h3https://img.youtube.com/vi/RMVi0ExF3-g/1.jpgimg.youtube.com/vi/RMVi0ExF3-g/1.jp... https://img.youtube.com/vi/RMVi0ExF3-g/1.jpg — 200 — 3.3 KiB — 130 ms — h2https://img.youtube.com/vi/noS6MGz8XZo/1.jpgimg.youtube.com/vi/noS6MGz8XZo/1.jp... https://img.youtube.com/vi/noS6MGz8XZo/1.jpg — 200 — 2.7 KiB — 127 ms — h2https://www.dovepress.com/assets/js/addon/jquery.formtools.jswww.dovepress.com/assets/js/addon/j... https://www.dovepress.com/assets/js/addon/jquery.formtools.js — 200 — 2.8 KiB — 29 ms — h3https://www.dovepress.com/assets/js/addon/jquery.popupBox.min.jswww.dovepress.com/assets/js/addon/j... https://www.dovepress.com/assets/js/addon/jquery.popupBox.min.js — 200 — 1.6 KiB — 48 ms — h3https://www.dovepress.com/assets/js/jquery.news_ticker.min.jswww.dovepress.com/assets/js/jquery.... https://www.dovepress.com/assets/js/jquery.news_ticker.min.js — 200 — 1.4 KiB — 31 ms — h3https://transcend-cdn.com/cm/ef49a3f1-d8c1-47d6-88fc-50e41130631f/tcf/ui.jstranscend-cdn.com/cm/ef49a3f1-d8c1-... https://transcend-cdn.com/cm/ef49a3f1-d8c1-47d6-88fc-50e41130631f/tcf/ui.js — 200 — 84.7 KiB — 352 ms — h3https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=GTM-5CH6KJKwww.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=... https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=GTM-5CH6KJK — 200 — 170.6 KiB — 170 ms — h2https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v44/memvYaGs126MiZpBA-UvWbX2vVnXBbObj2OVTS-mu0SC55I.woff2fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v44/me... https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v44/memvYaGs126MiZpBA-UvWbX2vVnXBbObj2OVTS-mu0SC55I.woff2 — 200 — 42.0 KiB — 63 ms — h3https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v44/memvYaGs126MiZpBA-UvWbX2vVnXBbObj2OVTSGmu0SC55K5gw.woff2fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v44/me... https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v44/memvYaGs126MiZpBA-UvWbX2vVnXBbObj2OVTSGmu0SC55K5gw.woff2 — 200 — 29.9 KiB — 60 ms — h3https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v44/memvYaGs126MiZpBA-UvWbX2vVnXBbObj2OVTS2mu0SC55K5gw.woff2fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v44/me... https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensans/v44/memvYaGs126MiZpBA-UvWbX2vVnXBbObj2OVTS2mu0SC55K5gw.woff2 — 200 — 13.3 KiB — 29 ms — h3https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=AW-1038931610&cx=c&gtm=4e64k0www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id... https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=AW-1038931610&cx=c&gtm=4e64k0 — 200 — 146.4 KiB — 47 ms — h2https://transcend-cdn.com/cm/ef49a3f1-d8c1-47d6-88fc-50e41130631f/tcf/vendor-list.jsontranscend-cdn.com/cm/ef49a3f1-d8c1-... https://transcend-cdn.com/cm/ef49a3f1-d8c1-47d6-88fc-50e41130631f/tcf/vendor-list.json — 200 — 15.5 KiB — 294 ms — h3https://image.providesupport.com/js/0u5bkmd8ytkci1n86hdd6hcgj4/safe-standard-sync.js?ps_h=BuTp&ps_t=1776892997649image.providesupport.com/js/0u5bkmd... https://image.providesupport.com/js/0u5bkmd8ytkci1n86hdd6hcgj4/safe-standard-sync.js?ps_h=BuTp&ps_t=1776892997649 — 200 — 754 B — 513 ms — h2https://image.providesupport.com/sjs/static.jsimage.providesupport.com/sjs/static... https://image.providesupport.com/sjs/static.js — 200 — 5.9 KiB — 155 ms — h2https://www.dovepress.com/assets/js/main_v7.js?v=3www.dovepress.com/assets/js/main_v7... https://www.dovepress.com/assets/js/main_v7.js?v=3 — 200 — 3.2 KiB — 53 ms — h3https://www.dovepress.com/assets/js/addon/addon_v5.jswww.dovepress.com/assets/js/addon/a... https://www.dovepress.com/assets/js/addon/addon_v5.js — 200 — 1.4 KiB — 29 ms — h3https://www.dovepress.com/assets/js/addon/index.jswww.dovepress.com/assets/js/addon/i... https://www.dovepress.com/assets/js/addon/index.js — 200 — 692 B — 30 ms — h3https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/destination?id=G-0HYE8YG0M6&cx=c&gtm=4e64k0www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/desti... https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/destination?id=G-0HYE8YG0M6&cx=c&gtm=4e64k0 — 200 — 182.8 KiB — 103 ms — h3https://www.dovepress.com/assets/img/addon/favicon.icowww.dovepress.com/assets/img/addon/... https://www.dovepress.com/assets/img/addon/favicon.ico — 200 — 35.4 KiB — 36 ms — h3https://orcid.org/userStatus.json?logUserOut=true&callback=jQuery33103852215013775623_1776892997277&_=1776892997278orcid.org/userStatus.json?logUserOu... https://orcid.org/userStatus.json?logUserOut=true&callback=jQuery33103852215013775623_1776892997277&_=1776892997278 — 200 — 1.0 KiB — 237 ms — h2https://www.dovepress.com/auth/load_side_barwww.dovepress.com/auth/load_side_ba... https://www.dovepress.com/auth/load_side_bar — 200 — 394 B — 808 ms — h3https://transcend-cdn.com/cm/ef49a3f1-d8c1-47d6-88fc-50e41130631f/tcf/translations/en.jsontranscend-cdn.com/cm/ef49a3f1-d8c1-... https://transcend-cdn.com/cm/ef49a3f1-d8c1-47d6-88fc-50e41130631f/tcf/translations/en.json — 200 — 2.2 KiB — 249 ms — h3https://transcend-cdn.com/cm/ef49a3f1-d8c1-47d6-88fc-50e41130631f/tcf/tcf.csstranscend-cdn.com/cm/ef49a3f1-d8c1-... https://transcend-cdn.com/cm/ef49a3f1-d8c1-47d6-88fc-50e41130631f/tcf/tcf.css — 200 — 3.4 KiB — 36 ms — h3https://image.providesupport.com/cmd/0u5bkmd8ytkci1n86hdd6hcgj4.json?ps_t=1776892998169&ps_l=https%3A//www.dovepress.com/&ps_r=&ps_s=d7p0xS3xFEav7OUyimage.providesupport.com/cmd/0u5bkm... https://image.providesupport.com/cmd/0u5bkmd8ytkci1n86hdd6hcgj4.json?ps_t=1776892998169&ps_l=https%3A//www.dovepress.com/&ps_r=&ps_s=d7p0xS3xFEav7OUy — 200 — 341 B — 167 ms — h2https://image.providesupport.com/image/0u5bkmd8ytkci1n86hdd6hcgj4/online-891418232.svgimage.providesupport.com/image/0u5b... https://image.providesupport.com/image/0u5bkmd8ytkci1n86hdd6hcgj4/online-891418232.svg — 200 — 3.0 KiB — 332 ms — h2https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-YJTMN7FZFG&cx=c&gtm=4e64k0www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id... https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-YJTMN7FZFG&cx=c&gtm=4e64k0 — 200 — 170.9 KiB — 46 ms — h3
HTML JavaScript CSS Images Fonts XHR/Fetch Other
Third-Party Script Cost
Per-script blocking time, transfer cost, and cache headers
INFO
100% of JavaScript execution is third-party
First-party Third-party 2368ms · 904KB · €23/mo
Google Tag Manager
Tag Manager
Costly
Execution 427ms
Transfer 171 KB
Unused 37%
Monthly Cost €4/mo
Google Tag Manager
Tag Manager
Costly
Execution 424ms
Transfer 183 KB
Unused 32%
Monthly Cost €4/mo
Unattributable
Other
Costly
Execution 334ms
Transfer 0 KB
Monthly Cost €3/mo
www.dovepress.com
Other
Costly
Execution 312ms
Transfer 11 KB
Monthly Cost €3/mo
Google Tag Manager
Tag Manager
Costly
Execution 245ms
Transfer 171 KB
Unused 40%
Monthly Cost €2/mo
transcend-cdn.com
Other
Costly
Execution 230ms
Transfer 85 KB
Unused 33%
Monthly Cost €2/mo
transcend-cdn.com
Other
Optional
Execution 180ms
Transfer 78 KB
Monthly Cost €2/mo
Google Tag Manager
Tag Manager
Optional
Execution 164ms
Transfer 146 KB
Unused 43%
Monthly Cost €2/mo
www.dovepress.com
Other
Optional
Execution 52ms
Transfer 60 KB
Unused 90%
Monthly Cost €0/mo

These scripts may cost more than they're worth

  • Google Tag Manager adds 427ms and costs ~€4/month
  • Google Tag Manager adds 424ms and costs ~€4/month
  • Unattributable adds 334ms and costs ~€3/month
  • www.dovepress.com adds 312ms and costs ~€3/month
  • Google Tag Manager adds 245ms and costs ~€2/month
  • transcend-cdn.com adds 230ms and costs ~€2/month

100% of JavaScript execution time is spent on third-party scripts. Consider auditing which scripts are essential.

Why this matters

When third-party JS execution time exceeds your own, performance gains from frontend work are capped by code you don't own.

Learn more ▾

Every millisecond of third-party JS competes with your own for main-thread time. If their share is bigger than yours, optimization on your code base barely moves the needle. Audit, defer, or remove third-parties before further frontend optimization. Use Lighthouse's third-party audit to identify the worst offenders.

Source: web.dev

Google Tag Manager takes 427ms of CPU time. Consider loading it asynchronously or replacing it with a lighter alternative.

Why this matters

This script has high main-thread execution time — optimize hot paths or defer.

Source: web.dev

Google Tag Manager takes 424ms of CPU time. Consider loading it asynchronously or replacing it with a lighter alternative.

Why this matters

This script has high main-thread execution time — optimize hot paths or defer.

Source: web.dev

Unattributable takes 334ms of CPU time. Consider loading it asynchronously or replacing it with a lighter alternative.

Why this matters

This script has high main-thread execution time — optimize hot paths or defer.

Source: web.dev

www.dovepress.com takes 312ms of CPU time. Consider loading it asynchronously or replacing it with a lighter alternative.

Why this matters

This script has high main-thread execution time — optimize hot paths or defer.

Source: web.dev

Google Tag Manager takes 245ms of CPU time. Consider loading it asynchronously or replacing it with a lighter alternative.

Why this matters

This script has high main-thread execution time — optimize hot paths or defer.

Source: web.dev

transcend-cdn.com takes 230ms of CPU time. Consider loading it asynchronously or replacing it with a lighter alternative.

Why this matters

This script has high main-thread execution time — optimize hot paths or defer.

Source: web.dev

90% of www.dovepress.com's code is unused. The script may be loading features you don't use.

Why this matters

Bundle has high unused-code ratio — tree-shaking and route-splitting recover the wasted bytes.

Source: web.dev

How third-party costs are calculated

All checks on this page are automated. Results are estimates - run targeted manual reviews when the score affects a release decision.

Send Feedback