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Lighthouse Desktop

· 0 checks — Desktop Lighthouse audit -- Performance, Accessibility, Best Practices, and SEO category breakdown.
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Detailed Report

Audit breakdown by category with detailed findings.

58

Performance

Insights

Remove large, duplicate JavaScript modules from bundles to reduce unnecessary bytes consumed by network activity.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Polyfills and transforms enable older browsers to use new JavaScript features. However, many aren't necessary for modern browsers. Consider modifying your JavaScript build process to not transpile Baseline features, unless you know you must support older browsers. Learn why most sites can deploy ES6+ code without transpiling

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

3rd party code can significantly impact load performance. Reduce and defer loading of 3rd party code to prioritize your page's content.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

A long cache lifetime can speed up repeat visits to your page. Learn more about caching.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

RequestCache TTLTransfer Size
/fit-in/800x600/filters:format(webp)/prod01/prodbucket01/...1800.0 s203.3 KiB
/fit-in/800x600/filters:format(webp)/prod01/prodbucket01/...1800.0 s146.6 KiB
/fit-in/1280x720/filters:format(webp)/prod01/prodbucket01...1800.0 s121.3 KiB
cdn.curator.io/5.0/curator.embed.js0.0 ms103.1 KiB
/fit-in/1280x720/filters:format(webp)/prod01/prodbucket01...1800.0 s101.3 KiB
connect.facebook.net/en_US/fbevents.js1200.0 s96.6 KiB
/fit-in/1280x720/filters:format(webp)/prod01/prodbucket01...1800.0 s82.1 KiB
connect.facebook.net/en_GB/bundle/sdk.js/1200.0 s77.8 KiB
/fit-in/1024x576/filters:format(webp)/prod01/prodbucket01...1800.0 s64.6 KiB
/fit-in/1280x720/filters:format(webp)/prod01/prodbucket01...1800.0 s61.7 KiB
/fit-in/800x450/filters:format(webp)/prod01/prodbucket01/...1800.0 s51.3 KiB
/fit-in/800x600/filters:format(webp)/prod01/channel_4/thi...1800.0 s50.3 KiB
/signals/config/442745680346526?v=2.9.303&r=stable&domain...1200.0 s44.8 KiB
/fit-in/800x450/filters:format(webp)/prod01/prodbucket01/...1800.0 s41.2 KiB
/fit-in/500x281/filters:format(webp)/prod01/prodbucket01/...1800.0 s38.5 KiB
/fit-in/500x281/filters:format(webp)/prod01/prodbucket01/...1800.0 s38.0 KiB
/fit-in/500x281/filters:format(webp)/prod01/prodbucket01/...1800.0 s36.0 KiB
/fit-in/800x600/filters:format(webp)/prod01/channel_3/bus...1800.0 s35.0 KiB
/fit-in/800x450/filters:format(webp)/prod01/prodbucket01/...1800.0 s34.4 KiB
hit.uptrendsdata.com/rum.min.js3600.0 s36.8 KiB
/fit-in/500x281/filters:format(webp)/prod01/prodbucket01/...1800.0 s31.9 KiB
/fit-in/800x450/filters:format(webp)/prod01/prodbucket01/...1800.0 s31.4 KiB
/media/durham-university/site-assets/css/durham-style-enh...604800.0 s261.4 KiB
/fit-in/500x281/filters:format(webp)/prod01/prodbucket01/...1800.0 s30.2 KiB
scripts.clarity.ms/0.8.60-beta/clarity.js0.0 ms25.0 KiB
dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js172800.0 s77.5 KiB
/fit-in/500x281/filters:format(webp)/prod01/prodbucket01/...1800.0 s25.7 KiB
/fit-in/500x281/filters:format(webp)/prod01/prodbucket01/...1800.0 s23.6 KiB
/fit-in/500x281/filters:format(webp)/prod01/prodbucket01/...1800.0 s22.6 KiB
i.ytimg.com/vi_webp/3TOFwxddi94/maxresdefault.webp7200.0 s24.7 KiB
/fit-in/500x281/filters:format(webp)/prod01/prodbucket01/...1800.0 s21.2 KiB
/fit-in/500x281/filters:format(webp)/prod01/prodbucket01/...1800.0 s21.1 KiB
/fit-in/500x281/filters:format(webp)/prod01/prodbucket01/...1800.0 s20.7 KiB
/fit-in/800x450/filters:format(webp)/prod01/prodbucket01/...1800.0 s19.7 KiB
/fit-in/500x281/filters:format(webp)/prod01/prodbucket01/...1800.0 s19.4 KiB
/fit-in/500x281/filters:format(webp)/prod01/prodbucket01/...1800.0 s19.4 KiB
/fit-in/500x281/filters:format(webp)/prod01/prodbucket01/...1800.0 s19.3 KiB
www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js7200.0 s20.9 KiB
cdn.curator.io/5.0/curator.embed.css0.0 ms14.8 KiB
/signals/config/551711695170774?v=2.9.303&r=stable&domain...1200.0 s16.4 KiB
/signals/config/592550439717364?v=2.9.303&r=stable&domain...1200.0 s16.3 KiB
/signals/config/879205401832058?v=2.9.303&r=stable&domain...1200.0 s16.3 KiB
/fit-in/500x281/filters:format(webp)/prod01/prodbucket01/...1800.0 s15.8 KiB
/fit-in/500x281/filters:format(webp)/prod01/prodbucket01/...1800.0 s15.4 KiB
/fit-in/500x281/filters:format(webp)/prod01/prodbucket01/...1800.0 s14.6 KiB
/fit-in/768x432/filters:format(webp)/prod01/prodbucket01/...1800.0 s13.5 KiB
/fit-in/500x281/filters:format(webp)/prod01/prodbucket01/...1800.0 s13.2 KiB
/fit-in/500x281/filters:format(webp)/prod01/prodbucket01/...1800.0 s13.1 KiB
/fit-in/768x432/filters:format(webp)/prod01/prodbucket01/...1800.0 s11.5 KiB
/fit-in/768x432/filters:format(webp)/prod01/prodbucket01/...1800.0 s10.9 KiB
player.vimeo.com/api/player.js1800.0 s9.0 KiB
snap.licdn.com/li.lms-analytics/insight.min.js86400.0 s18.7 KiB
static.hotjar.com/c/hotjar-2581899.js?sv=760.0 s6.2 KiB
i3.ytimg.com/vi/3TOFwxddi94/hqdefault.jpg7200.0 s7.7 KiB
dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/image/logo-dark.svg172800.0 s16.6 KiB
dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/image/logo-white.svg172800.0 s16.6 KiB
/media/durham-university/site-assets/fonts/open-sans-v17-...172800.0 s15.0 KiB
/media/durham-university/site-assets/fonts/open-sans-v17-...172800.0 s14.9 KiB
connect.facebook.net/en_GB/sdk.js#xfbml=1&version=v7.01200.0 s5.0 KiB
/media/durham-university/site-assets/fonts/open-sans-v17-...172800.0 s14.8 KiB
connect.facebook.net/en_US/sdk.js1200.0 s5.0 KiB
/media/durham-university/site-assets/fonts/open-sans-v17-...172800.0 s14.3 KiB
/media/durham-university/site-assets/fonts/open-sans-v17-...172800.0 s13.8 KiB
dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/durham-app-enhanced.js172800.0 s6.2 KiB
cdn.curator.io/published/1ca8dc29-3a1c-42fc-b6ca-8da2569a41c5.js0.0 ms1.4 KiB
/collect?v=2&fmt=js&pid=8466%2C5651458&time=1776891738142...0.0 ms904 B
dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/emergency.js172800.0 s2.3 KiB
cdn.curator.io/published-css/1ca8dc29-3a1c-42fc-b6ca-8da2569a41c5.css0.0 ms457 B
static.doubleclick.net/instream/ad_status.js900.0 s495 B
dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/css/swiper.css604800.0 s3.6 KiB
insight.adsrvr.org/track/pxl/?adv=8hqrd76&ct=0:cdqfmcl&fmt=30.0 ms149 B
dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/css/perfect-scrollbar.css604800.0 s994 B
/tr/?id=442745680346526&ev=PageView&dl=https%3A%2F%2Fdur....0.0 ms19 B
/tr/?id=551711695170774&ev=PageView&dl=https%3A%2F%2Fdur....0.0 ms16 B
/tr/?id=592550439717364&ev=PageView&dl=https%3A%2F%2Fdur....0.0 ms16 B
/tr/?id=879205401832058&ev=PageView&dl=https%3A%2F%2Fdur....0.0 ms16 B
/media/durham-university/homepage/headers/QS-2026-Homepag...172800.0 s0 B

Layout shifts occur when elements move absent any user interaction. Investigate the causes of layout shifts, such as elements being added, removed, or their fonts changing as the page loads.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

headings: [map[key:node label:Element subItemsHeading:map[key:extra] valueType:node] map[granularity:0.001 key:score label:Layout shift score subItemsHeading:map[key:cause valueType:text] valueType:numeric]]
items: [map[node:map[type:text value:Total] score:0.286729] map[node:map[boundingRect:map[bottom:646 height:646 left:0 right:1350 top:0 width:1350] lhId:page-27-VIDEO nodeLabel:div.main-content > div.hero-header > div.u-breakout > video.u-absolute path:1,HTML,1,BODY,16,DIV,1,MAIN,0,DIV,0,DIV,0,DIV,2,VIDEO selector:div.main-content > div.hero-header > div.u-breakout > video.u-absolute snippet:<video x-ref="hero-header--video" autoplay="" muted="" playsinline="" preload="auto" class="u-absolute u-pin u-object-cover u-h-full u-w-full u-blend-multiply lazyloa…" loop=""> type:node] score:0.264167] map[node:map[boundingRect:map[bottom:1095 height:449 left:0 right:1350 top:646 width:1350] lhId:page-33-DIV nodeLabel:Find a course Search Popular searches: History Engineering Psychology Geography… path:1,HTML,1,BODY,16,DIV,1,MAIN,0,DIV,2,DIV selector:div.layout-container > main#main-content > div.main-content > div.landing-page-section snippet:<div class="landing-page-section u-breakout u-py-4 md:u-py-6 lg:u-py-10 search-bar-fb"> type:node] score:0.019551] map[node:map[boundingRect:map[bottom:52 height:52 left:481 right:1350 top:0 width:869] lhId:page-28-UL nodeLabel:Alumni Library and Collections Business School Things To Do About us How to con… path:1,HTML,1,BODY,16,DIV,0,HEADER,1,DIV,0,DIV,0,DIV,2,DIV,1,UL selector:div.xl:u-absolute > div.u-relative > div.u-flex > ul.u-mb-3 snippet:<ul class="u-mb-3 utility-navigation u-hidden u-relative u-list-reset u-bg-grey-50 u-…" x-data="{ expanded: true }"> type:node] score:0.003011]]

Consider setting font-display to swap or optional to ensure text is consistently visible. swap can be further optimized to mitigate layout shifts with font metric overrides.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

A forced reflow occurs when JavaScript queries geometric properties (such as offsetWidth) after styles have been invalidated by a change to the DOM state. This can result in poor performance. Learn more about forced reflows and possible mitigations.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

headings: [map[key:source label:Top function call valueType:source-location] map[granularity:1 key:reflowTime label:Total reflow time valueType:ms]]
items: [map[reflowTime:2.686 source:map[column:67591 line:1 type:source-location url:https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js urlProvider:network]]]
headings: [map[key:source label:Source valueType:source-location] map[granularity:1 key:reflowTime label:Total reflow time valueType:ms]]
items: [map[reflowTime:28.208 source:map[type:text value:[unattributed]]] map[reflowTime:0.149 source:map[column:407 line:0 type:source-location url:https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/durham-app-enhanced.js urlProvider:network]] map[reflowTime:2.686 source:map[column:69352 line:0 type:source-location url:https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js urlProvider:network]]]

Reducing the download time of images can improve the perceived load time of the page and LCP. Learn more about optimizing image size

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

URLResource SizeEst Savings
A gowned student holding flowers stood outside the teaching and learning centre div.row > div.u-mt-4 > div.u-o-5 > img.img
dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/homepage/student-blog/Amal-Shetty.png1.6 MiB1.5 MiB
Stephenson front of college beautiful spring day div.col-md-6 > div.card > div.card__image > img.embed-responsive-item
/fit-in/800x600/filters:format(webp)/prod01/prodbucket01/...202.4 KiB194.5 KiB
A group of students by a river in front of Durham Cathedral div.col-md-6 > div.card > div.card__image > img.embed-responsive-item
/fit-in/800x600/filters:format(webp)/prod01/prodbucket01/...145.8 KiB138.8 KiB
A group of four students smiling and chatting. div.col-lg-3 > div.card > div.card__image > img.embed-responsive-item
/fit-in/1280x720/filters:format(webp)/prod01/prodbucket01...120.5 KiB113.5 KiB
photo of students sitting in the cafe chatting. div.col-lg-3 > div.card > div.card__image > img.embed-responsive-item
/fit-in/1280x720/filters:format(webp)/prod01/prodbucket01...100.5 KiB93.8 KiB
Four students walking and chatting on campus div.col-lg-3 > div.card > div.card__image > img.embed-responsive-item
/fit-in/1280x720/filters:format(webp)/prod01/prodbucket01...81.3 KiB74.0 KiB
Student studying in Bill Bryson Library div.col-lg-3 > div.card > div.card__image > img.embed-responsive-item
/fit-in/1280x720/filters:format(webp)/prod01/prodbucket01...60.9 KiB57.6 KiB
A hand holding a digitalised version of the globe div.u-o-5 > div.u-relative > picture.image > img.u-w-full
/fit-in/1024x576/filters:format(webp)/prod01/prodbucket01...63.9 KiB51.5 KiB
Koi carp banners fluttering in wind div.col-md-6 > div.card > div.card__image > img.embed-responsive-item
/fit-in/800x600/filters:format(webp)/prod01/channel_4/thi...49.6 KiB44.5 KiB
Image of galaxy formation simulation from the COLIBRE project div.col-4 > div.card > div.card__image > img.embed-responsive-item
/fit-in/500x281/filters:format(webp)/prod01/prodbucket01/...37.8 KiB29.7 KiB
A group of female students walk down a cobbled street in the sunshine. Other st… div.col-4 > div.card > div.card__image > img.embed-responsive-item
/fit-in/500x281/filters:format(webp)/prod01/prodbucket01/...37.3 KiB29.3 KiB
a woman standing in front of a group of people sitting at a table div.col-12 > div.card > div > img.u-absolute
/fit-in/800x450/filters:format(webp)/prod01/prodbucket01/...50.5 KiB29.2 KiB
Business students seated at curving desk div.col-md-6 > div.card > div.card__image > img.embed-responsive-item
/fit-in/800x600/filters:format(webp)/prod01/channel_3/bus...34.3 KiB26.5 KiB
A national express bus near Edgbaston stadium div.col-4 > div.card > div.card__image > img.embed-responsive-item
/fit-in/500x281/filters:format(webp)/prod01/prodbucket01/...31.2 KiB23.1 KiB
A woman and a man hold a framed certificate and smile at the camera. The certif… div.col-12 > div.card > div > img.u-absolute
/fit-in/800x450/filters:format(webp)/prod01/prodbucket01/...30.7 KiB18.3 KiB
A two-storey Star Home div.col-4 > div.card > div.card__image > img.embed-responsive-item
/fit-in/500x281/filters:format(webp)/prod01/prodbucket01/...20.5 KiB12.4 KiB
A mixed group of primary school children running in a circle in a playground wi… div.col-4 > div.card > div.card__image > img.embed-responsive-item
/fit-in/500x281/filters:format(webp)/prod01/prodbucket01/...20.4 KiB12.3 KiB
TIcon of a student holding a book div.col-md-6 > div.card > div.card__image > img.embed-responsive-item
dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/homepage/UG-Study-Purple-Icon.png16.6 KiB11.5 KiB
Young children writing in a classroom div.col-4 > div.card > div.card__image > img.embed-responsive-item
/fit-in/500x281/filters:format(webp)/prod01/prodbucket01/...18.7 KiB10.7 KiB
A women's volleyball team standing behind a red 'Champions' banner, holding a t… div.col-4 > div.card > div.card__image > img.embed-responsive-item
/fit-in/500x281/filters:format(webp)/prod01/prodbucket01/...18.6 KiB10.5 KiB
Icon of a student holding a book with a graduation cap on their head div.col-md-6 > div.card > div.card__image > img.embed-responsive-item
/fit-in/768x432/filters:format(webp)/prod01/prodbucket01/...12.8 KiB10.5 KiB
Calendar purple icon div.col-md-6 > div.card > div.card__image > img.embed-responsive-item
/fit-in/768x432/filters:format(webp)/prod01/prodbucket01/...10.8 KiB8.8 KiB
Speech bubble icon on a purple background div.col-md-6 > div.card > div.card__image > img.embed-responsive-item
/fit-in/768x432/filters:format(webp)/prod01/prodbucket01/...10.3 KiB8.4 KiB
leadership chess pawn background div.col-12 > div.card > div > img.u-absolute
/fit-in/800x450/filters:format(webp)/prod01/prodbucket01/...19.0 KiB7.2 KiB
A graphic showing a human jaw bone held together by 3D surgical plates. div.col-4 > div.card > div.card__image > img.embed-responsive-item
/fit-in/500x281/filters:format(webp)/prod01/prodbucket01/...15.2 KiB7.1 KiB
Image of SbmA with its div.col-4 > div.card > div.card__image > img.embed-responsive-item
/fit-in/500x281/filters:format(webp)/prod01/prodbucket01/...13.9 KiB5.8 KiB
A simulated image of a spiral galaxy with a bright centre and spiral arms, set … div.col-4 > div.card > div.card__image > img.embed-responsive-item
/fit-in/500x281/filters:format(webp)/prod01/prodbucket01/...12.4 KiB4.3 KiB

Optimize LCP by making the LCP image discoverable from the HTML immediately, and avoiding lazy-loading

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

lhId: page-27-VIDEO
nodeLabel: div.main-content > div.hero-header > div.u-breakout > video.u-absolute
path: 1,HTML,1,BODY,16,DIV,1,MAIN,0,DIV,0,DIV,0,DIV,2,VIDEO
selector: div.main-content > div.hero-header > div.u-breakout > video.u-absolute
snippet: <video x-ref="hero-header--video" autoplay="" muted="" playsinline="" preload="auto" class="u-absolute u-pin u-object-cover u-h-full u-w-full u-blend-multiply lazyloa…" loop="">

Avoid chaining critical requests by reducing the length of chains, reducing the download size of resources, or deferring the download of unnecessary resources to improve page load.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

description: [preconnect](https://developer.chrome.com/docs/lighthouse/performance/uses-rel-preconnect/) hints help the browser establish a connection earlier in the page load, saving time when the first request for that origin is made. The following are the origins that the page preconnected to.
title: Preconnected origins
description: Add [preconnect](https://developer.chrome.com/docs/lighthouse/performance/uses-rel-preconnect/) hints to your most important origins, but try to use no more than 4.
title: Preconnect candidates

Requests are blocking the page's initial render, which may delay LCP. Deferring or inlining can move these network requests out of the critical path.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

These insights are also available in the Chrome DevTools Performance Panel - record a trace to view more detailed information.

These are the largest layout shifts observed on the page. Each table item represents a single layout shift, and shows the element that shifted the most. Below each item are possible root causes that led to the layout shift. Some of these layout shifts may not be included in the CLS metric value due to windowing. Learn how to improve CLS

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

ElementLayout shift score
div.main-content > div.hero-header > div.u-breakout > video.u-absolute div.main-content > div.hero-header > div.u-breakout > video.u-absolute
0.264
Find a course Search Popular searches: History Engineering Psychology Geography… div.layout-container > main#main-content > div.main-content > div.landing-page-section
0.020
Alumni Library and Collections Business School Things To Do About us How to con… div.xl:u-absolute > div.u-relative > div.u-flex > ul.u-mb-3
0.003

Time to Interactive is the amount of time it takes for the page to become fully interactive. Learn more about the Time to Interactive metric.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

TTI

The maximum potential First Input Delay that your users could experience is the duration of the longest task. Learn more about the Maximum Potential First Input Delay metric.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Diagnostics

Reduce unused rules from stylesheets and defer CSS not used for above-the-fold content to decrease bytes consumed by network activity. Learn how to reduce unused CSS.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Estimated savings: 230 ms 272.2 KiB

Consider reducing the time spent parsing, compiling and executing JS. You may find delivering smaller JS payloads helps with this. Learn how to minimize main-thread work

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

CategoryTime Spent
Script Evaluation1.2 s
Other552 ms
Style & Layout198 ms
Script Parsing & Compilation163 ms
Parse HTML & CSS78 ms
Rendering33 ms
Garbage Collection29 ms

Minifying CSS files can reduce network payload sizes. Learn how to minify CSS.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Estimated savings: 0.0 ms 44.3 KiB
URLTransfer SizeEst Savings
/media/durham-university/site-assets/css/durham-style-enh...261.4 KiB44.3 KiB

More information about the performance of your application. These numbers don't directly affect the Performance score.

Document request latency
Optimize DOM size
LCP breakdown
Modern HTTP
Optimize viewport for mobile
Minify JavaScript
User Timing marks and measures 170 user timings
JavaScript execution time 1.0 s
Avoid long main-thread tasks 11 long tasks found
Image elements have explicit `width` and `height`
Page didn't prevent back/forward cache restoration
Network Requests
Network Round Trip Times 100 ms
Server Backend Latencies 190 ms
Tasks
Diagnostics
Metrics
Screenshot Thumbnails
Final Screenshot
Script Treemap Data
Resources Summary
Avoid multiple page redirects
Initial server response time was short Root document took 170 ms
INP breakdown
Avoid non-composited animations
95

Accessibility

These checks highlight opportunities to improve the accessibility of your web app. Automatic detection can only detect a subset of issues and does not guarantee the accessibility of your web app, so manual testing is also encouraged.

Names and labels

Informative elements should aim for short, descriptive alternate text. Decorative elements can be ignored with an empty alt attribute. Learn more about the `alt` attribute.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Failing Elements
body.body > img body.body > img

These are opportunities to improve the semantics of the controls in your application. This may enhance the experience for users of assistive technology, like a screen reader.

Interactive controls are keyboard focusable
Interactive elements indicate their purpose and state
The page has a logical tab order
Visual order on the page follows DOM order
User focus is not accidentally trapped in a region
The user's focus is directed to new content added to the page
HTML5 landmark elements are used to improve navigation
Offscreen content is hidden from assistive technology
Custom controls have associated labels
Custom controls have ARIA roles
`[aria-*]` attributes match their roles
`[aria-hidden="true"]` is not present on the document `<body>`
`[role]`s have all required `[aria-*]` attributes
Elements with an ARIA `[role]` that require children to contain a specific `[role]` have all required children.
`[role]` values are valid
`[aria-*]` attributes have valid values
`[aria-*]` attributes are valid and not misspelled
Buttons have an accessible name
Form elements have associated labels
`[user-scalable="no"]` is not used in the `<meta name="viewport">` element and the `[maximum-scale]` attribute is not less than 5.
`button`, `link`, and `menuitem` elements have accessible names
ARIA attributes are used as specified for the element's role
`[aria-hidden="true"]` elements do not contain focusable descendents
Elements use only permitted ARIA attributes
Background and foreground colors have a sufficient contrast ratio
Document has a `<title>` element
`<frame>` or `<iframe>` elements have a title
`<html>` element has a `[lang]` attribute
`<html>` element has a valid value for its `[lang]` attribute
Links have a discernible name
Lists contain only `<li>` elements and script supporting elements (`<script>` and `<template>`).
List items (`<li>`) are contained within `<ul>`, `<ol>` or `<menu>` parent elements
No element has a `[tabindex]` value greater than 0
Touch targets have sufficient size and spacing.
Heading elements appear in a sequentially-descending order
Document has a main landmark.
Deprecated ARIA roles were not used
`<video>` elements contain a `<track>` element with `[kind="captions"]`
Identical links have the same purpose.
`[accesskey]` values are unique
Elements with `role="dialog"` or `role="alertdialog"` have accessible names.
ARIA input fields have accessible names
ARIA `meter` elements have accessible names
ARIA `progressbar` elements have accessible names
`[role]`s are contained by their required parent element
Elements with the `role=text` attribute do not have focusable descendents.
ARIA toggle fields have accessible names
ARIA `tooltip` elements have accessible names
ARIA `treeitem` elements have accessible names
The page contains a heading, skip link, or landmark region
`<dl>`'s contain only properly-ordered `<dt>` and `<dd>` groups, `<script>`, `<template>` or `<div>` elements.
Definition list items are wrapped in `<dl>` elements
ARIA IDs are unique
No form fields have multiple labels
`<html>` element has an `[xml:lang]` attribute with the same base language as the `[lang]` attribute.
Input buttons have discernible text.
`<input type="image">` elements have `[alt]` text
Links are distinguishable without relying on color.
The document does not use `<meta http-equiv="refresh">`
`<object>` elements have alternate text
Select elements have associated label elements.
Skip links are focusable.
Cells in a `<table>` element that use the `[headers]` attribute refer to table cells within the same table.
`<th>` elements and elements with `[role="columnheader"/"rowheader"]` have data cells they describe.
`[lang]` attributes have a valid value
Tables have different content in the summary attribute and `<caption>`.
All heading elements contain content.
Uses ARIA roles only on compatible elements
Image elements do not have `[alt]` attributes that are redundant text.
Elements with visible text labels have matching accessible names.
Tables use `<caption>` instead of cells with the `[colspan]` attribute to indicate a caption.
`<td>` elements in a large `<table>` have one or more table headers.
77

Best Practices

General

Deprecated APIs will eventually be removed from the browser. Learn more about deprecated APIs.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Deprecation / WarningSource
AttributionReporting

Errors logged to the console indicate unresolved problems. They can come from network request failures and other browser concerns. Learn more about this errors in console diagnostic audit

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

SourceDescription
TypeError: YT.Player is not a constructor at Proxy.createYouTubePlayers (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/durham-app-enhanced.js:1:799) at Proxy.init (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/durham-app-enhanced.js:1:1208) at eval (eval at saferEval (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:2981), <anonymous>:3:54) at saferEval (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:3110) at Component.evaluateReturnExpression (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:28059) at new Component (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:22646) at Object.initializeComponent (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:31151) at https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:30011 at https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:30350 at NodeList.forEach (<anonymous>)
TypeError: YT.Player is not a constructor at Proxy.createYouTubePlayers (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/durham-app-enhanced.js:1:799) at Proxy.init (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/durham-app-enhanced.js:1:1208) at eval (eval at saferEval (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:2981), <anonymous>:3:54) at saferEval (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:3110) at Component.evaluateReturnExpression (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:28059) at new Component (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:22646) at Object.initializeComponent (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:31151) at https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:30975 at https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:30554 at Array.forEach (<anonymous>)
TypeError: YT.Player is not a constructor at Proxy.createYouTubePlayers (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/durham-app-enhanced.js:1:799) at Proxy.init (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/durham-app-enhanced.js:1:1208) at eval (eval at saferEval (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:2981), <anonymous>:3:54) at saferEval (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:3110) at Component.evaluateReturnExpression (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:28059) at new Component (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:22646) at Object.initializeComponent (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:31151) at https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:30975 at https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:30554 at Array.forEach (<anonymous>)
TypeError: YT.Player is not a constructor at Proxy.createYouTubePlayers (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/durham-app-enhanced.js:1:799) at Proxy.init (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/durham-app-enhanced.js:1:1208) at eval (eval at saferEval (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:2981), <anonymous>:3:54) at saferEval (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:3110) at Component.evaluateReturnExpression (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:28059) at new Component (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:22646) at Object.initializeComponent (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:31151) at https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:30975 at https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:30554 at Array.forEach (<anonymous>)
TypeError: YT.Player is not a constructor at Proxy.createYouTubePlayers (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/durham-app-enhanced.js:1:799) at Proxy.init (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/durham-app-enhanced.js:1:1208) at eval (eval at saferEval (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:2981), <anonymous>:3:54) at saferEval (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:3110) at Component.evaluateReturnExpression (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:28059) at new Component (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:22646) at Object.initializeComponent (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:31151) at https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:30975 at https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:30554 at Array.forEach (<anonymous>)
TypeError: YT.Player is not a constructor at Proxy.createYouTubePlayers (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/durham-app-enhanced.js:1:799) at Proxy.init (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/durham-app-enhanced.js:1:1208) at eval (eval at saferEval (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:2981), <anonymous>:3:54) at saferEval (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:3110) at Component.evaluateReturnExpression (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:28059) at new Component (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:22646) at Object.initializeComponent (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:31151) at https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:30975 at https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:30554 at Array.forEach (<anonymous>)
TypeError: YT.Player is not a constructor at Proxy.createYouTubePlayers (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/durham-app-enhanced.js:1:799) at Proxy.init (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/durham-app-enhanced.js:1:1208) at eval (eval at saferEval (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:2981), <anonymous>:3:54) at saferEval (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:3110) at Component.evaluateReturnExpression (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:28059) at new Component (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:22646) at Object.initializeComponent (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:31151) at https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:30975 at https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:30554 at Array.forEach (<anonymous>)
TypeError: YT.Player is not a constructor at Proxy.createYouTubePlayers (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/durham-app-enhanced.js:1:799) at Proxy.init (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/durham-app-enhanced.js:1:1208) at eval (eval at saferEval (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:2981), <anonymous>:3:54) at saferEval (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:3110) at Component.evaluateReturnExpression (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:28059) at new Component (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:22646) at Object.initializeComponent (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:31151) at https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:30975 at https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:30554 at Array.forEach (<anonymous>)
TypeError: YT.Player is not a constructor at Proxy.createYouTubePlayers (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/durham-app-enhanced.js:1:799) at Proxy.init (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/durham-app-enhanced.js:1:1208) at eval (eval at saferEval (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:2981), <anonymous>:3:54) at saferEval (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:3110) at Component.evaluateReturnExpression (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:28059) at new Component (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:22646) at Object.initializeComponent (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:31151) at https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:30975 at https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:30554 at Array.forEach (<anonymous>)
TypeError: YT.Player is not a constructor at Proxy.createYouTubePlayers (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/durham-app-enhanced.js:1:799) at Proxy.init (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/durham-app-enhanced.js:1:1208) at eval (eval at saferEval (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:2981), <anonymous>:3:54) at saferEval (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:3110) at Component.evaluateReturnExpression (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:28059) at new Component (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:22646) at Object.initializeComponent (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:31151) at https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:30975 at https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:30554 at Array.forEach (<anonymous>)
TypeError: YT.Player is not a constructor at Proxy.createYouTubePlayers (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/durham-app-enhanced.js:1:799) at Proxy.init (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/durham-app-enhanced.js:1:1208) at eval (eval at saferEval (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:2981), <anonymous>:3:54) at saferEval (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:3110) at Component.evaluateReturnExpression (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:28059) at new Component (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:22646) at Object.initializeComponent (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:31151) at https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:30975 at https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:30554 at Array.forEach (<anonymous>)
TypeError: YT.Player is not a constructor at Proxy.createYouTubePlayers (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/durham-app-enhanced.js:1:799) at Proxy.init (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/durham-app-enhanced.js:1:1208) at eval (eval at saferEval (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:2981), <anonymous>:3:54) at saferEval (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:3110) at Component.evaluateReturnExpression (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:28059) at new Component (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:22646) at Object.initializeComponent (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:31151) at https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:30975 at https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:30554 at Array.forEach (<anonymous>)
TypeError: YT.Player is not a constructor at Proxy.createYouTubePlayers (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/durham-app-enhanced.js:1:799) at Proxy.init (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/durham-app-enhanced.js:1:1208) at eval (eval at saferEval (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:2981), <anonymous>:3:54) at saferEval (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:3110) at Component.evaluateReturnExpression (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:28059) at new Component (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:22646) at Object.initializeComponent (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:31151) at https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:30975 at https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:30554 at Array.forEach (<anonymous>)
TypeError: YT.Player is not a constructor at Proxy.createYouTubePlayers (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/durham-app-enhanced.js:1:799) at Proxy.init (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/durham-app-enhanced.js:1:1208) at eval (eval at saferEval (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:2981), <anonymous>:3:54) at saferEval (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:3110) at Component.evaluateReturnExpression (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:28059) at new Component (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:22646) at Object.initializeComponent (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:31151) at https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:30975 at https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:30554 at Array.forEach (<anonymous>)
TypeError: YT.Player is not a constructor at Proxy.createYouTubePlayers (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/durham-app-enhanced.js:1:799) at Proxy.init (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/durham-app-enhanced.js:1:1208) at eval (eval at saferEval (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:2981), <anonymous>:3:54) at saferEval (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:3110) at Component.evaluateReturnExpression (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:28059) at new Component (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:22646) at Object.initializeComponent (https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:31151) at https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:30975 at https://dur.ac.uk/media/durham-university/site-assets/js/dependencies-20231018.js:1:30554 at Array.forEach (<anonymous>)
Uses HTTPS
Avoids third-party cookies
Allows users to paste into input fields
Avoids requesting the geolocation permission on page load
Avoids requesting the notification permission on page load
Displays images with correct aspect ratio
Serves images with appropriate resolution
Page has the HTML doctype
Properly defines charset
No issues in the `Issues` panel in Chrome Devtools
Ensure CSP is effective against XSS attacks
Use a strong HSTS policy
Ensure proper origin isolation with COOP
Mitigate DOM-based XSS with Trusted Types
Detected JavaScript libraries
Page has valid source maps
Redirects HTTP traffic to HTTPS
Mitigate clickjacking with XFO or CSP
85

SEO

These checks ensure that your page is following basic search engine optimization advice. There are many additional factors Lighthouse does not score here that may affect your search ranking, including performance on Core Web Vitals. Learn more about Google Search Essentials.

Crawling and Indexing

If your robots.txt file is malformed, crawlers may not be able to understand how you want your website to be crawled or indexed. Learn more about robots.txt.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Line #ContentError
49Disallow: search.durham.ac.uk/s/resources-global/css/funnelback.autocompletion-2.6.0.cssPattern should either be empty, start with "/" or "*"
50Disallow: search.durham.ac.uk/s/resources-global/thirdparty/typeahead-0.11.1/typeahead.bundle.min.jsPattern should either be empty, start with "/" or "*"
51Disallow: search.durham.ac.uk/s/resources-global/thirdparty/handlebars-4.1/handlebars.min.jsPattern should either be empty, start with "/" or "*"
52Disallow: search.durham.ac.uk/s/resources-global/js/funnelback.autocompletion-2.6.0.jsPattern should either be empty, start with "/" or "*"

To appear in search results, crawlers need access to your app.

Content Best Practices

Informative elements should aim for short, descriptive alternate text. Decorative elements can be ignored with an empty alt attribute. Learn more about the `alt` attribute.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Failing Elements
body.body > img body.body > img

Format your HTML in a way that enables crawlers to better understand your app’s content.

Structured data is valid
Page isn’t blocked from indexing
Document has a `<title>` element
Document has a meta description
Page has successful HTTP status code
Links have descriptive text
Links are crawlable
Document has a valid `hreflang`
Document has a valid `rel=canonical`

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