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Performance

· 17 checks — Lighthouse + waterfall + sustainability rolled into one auditable list.
SCORE
79
GRADE
C
FIX
5
REVIEW
2
PASS
8
INFO
2

Performance-focused optimization plan with CWV assessment, top offenders, and time estimates

Mobile Desktop
46
Performance Overall performance score (0–100) based on Core Web Vitals and other metrics. 90+ is good.
97
Accessibility Measures how accessible the page is for users with disabilities. Checks color contrast, ARIA labels, and semantic HTML.
96
Best Practices Checks for modern web development best practices including HTTPS, no console errors, and secure JavaScript.
100
SEO Measures basic SEO optimizations: meta tags, crawlability, link text, and mobile friendliness.

First Contentful Paint First Contentful Paint — how long until the browser renders the first piece of content. Under 1.8s is good.

3.36 s

Largest Contentful Paint Largest Contentful Paint — how long until the largest visible element loads. Under 2.5s is good.

10.52 s

Total Blocking Time Total Blocking Time — total time the main thread was blocked, preventing user input. Under 200ms is good.

802 ms

Cumulative Layout Shift Cumulative Layout Shift — measures visual stability. How much the page layout shifts during loading. Under 0.1 is good.

0.051

Speed Index Speed Index — how quickly content is visually displayed during load. Under 3.4s is good.

4.62 s

Time to Interactive Time to Interactive — how long until the page is fully interactive and responds to user input. Under 3.8s is good.

11.02 s

Page Load Progression

375 ms
750 ms
1.1 s
1.5 s
1.9 s
2.2 s
2.6 s
3.0 s
Checks
17
8 PASS 2 REVIEW 5 FIX
D
Page Weight Budget
Action
2.2 MB transferred, 74 requests
FIX
2.2 MB transferred, 74 requests
Info::
Page weighs 4.8 MB (2.2 MB transferred)
Warning::
Images are 1.2 MB — compress or use modern formats
Convert images to WebP/AVIF and resize to display dimensions to reduce transfer size.
Got: 1.2 MB
Warning::
JavaScript is 633 KB — consider code splitting or lazy loading
Large JavaScript bundles delay interactivity. Split code by route or defer non-critical scripts.
Got: 633 KB
Info::
Fonts are 200 KB — consider subsetting or using system fonts
Subset fonts to include only used characters, or switch to system font stacks.
Got: 200 KB
Info::
74 HTTP requests
Info::
Estimated 0.46 g CO2 per page load
2.2 MB / 2.4 MB budget
2.2 MB transferred
74 requests
0.46 g CO2 per page load
Images 1.2 MiB 53%
JavaScript 632.5 KiB 28%
Fonts 200.1 KiB 9%
Other 133.9 KiB 6%
HTML 70.0 KiB 3%
CSS 27.7 KiB 1%
Other 1.3 KiB 0%
Other 1.1 KiB 0%
Other 871 B 0%
Other 0 B 0%
0 2.4 MB 4.9 MB
Approaching limit

Convert images to WebP/AVIF and resize to display dimensions to reduce transfer size.

Why this matters

Image bandwidth is high — modern formats (WebP/AVIF) and resizing typically cut it 50%+.

Source: web.dev

Large JavaScript bundles delay interactivity. Split code by route or defer non-critical scripts.

Why this matters

JavaScript bundle is large — code-split routes and lazy-load off-screen components to defer.

Source: web.dev

Subset fonts to include only used characters, or switch to system font stacks.

Why this matters

Font payload is large — subset to used glyphs only, or fall back to system fonts (zero load time).

Source: web.dev font loading

D
Third-Party Impact
Action
100% third-party, 0 ms blocking
FIX
100% third-party, 0 ms blocking
Warning::
Third-party code accounts for 100% of page weight (2.2 MiB of 2.2 MiB)
Info::
Third-party blocking time is low (0 ms)
100%
First-party Third-party
D
JS Execution Cost
Action
3254ms total JS execution
FIX
3254ms total JS execution
Warning::
https://www.elsevier.com/_next/static/chunks/frame...: 1269ms CPU time
Warning::
https://www.elsevier.com/: 746ms CPU time
Warning::
Unattributable: 453ms CPU time
Warning::
https://www.elsevier.com/_next/static/chunks/pages...: 260ms CPU time
Info::
https://www.elsevier.com/_next/static/chunks/main-...: 227ms CPU time
Warning::
Third-party scripts: 3254ms (100% of total)

Main Thread Breakdown

Script Evaluation 58% Other 18% Style & Layout 12% Script Parsing & Compilation 7%
ScriptTotalScriptingParse/CompileParty
https://www.elsevier.com/_next/static/chunks/framework-7df8ac3fa81e4099.js1269ms1136ms21ms3rd
https://www.elsevier.com/746ms134ms20ms3rd
Unattributable453ms21ms0ms3rd
https://www.elsevier.com/_next/static/chunks/pages/_app-5b9d716e4aaa6c5e.js260ms136ms78ms3rd
https://www.elsevier.com/_next/static/chunks/main-6766b2277ae2cb65.js227ms205ms18ms3rd
https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=GTM-MJCS82W156ms118ms38ms3rd
https://www.elsevier.com/_next/static/chunks/pages/%5B...slug%5D-1c71dd25e21c9e5e.js142ms142ms0ms3rd
D
Page Weight Inventory
Action
74 resources · 2.2 MB · 228 KB savings available
FIX
74 resources · 2.2 MB · 228 KB savings available
Warning::
Page weight 1.2 MB over 1MB target
Got: 2.2 MB Expected: ≤ 1 MB
Info::
~228 KB of savings available
Warning::
73 third-party resources (100% of weight)
Info::
3 resources over 200KB
74 resources · 2.2 MiB · 73 third-party 1.2 MiB over 1MB target
Image 53% · 1.2 MiB
JavaScript 28% · 633.1 KiB
Font 9% · 200.1 KiB
Other 6% · 134.9 KiB
Document 3% · 70.1 KiB
CSS 1% · 27.7 KiB

~228.3 KiB of savings available

Remove unused JavaScript: 228.3 KiB
F
HTTP Caching
Action
No cache headers
FIX
No cache headers
Warning::
No Cache-Control header found
Browsers will use heuristic caching, which can be unpredictable. Set explicit cache headers.

No Cache-Control header

Adding a Cache-Control header can significantly improve repeat-visit performance.

C
JS Bundles
Action
31 scripts, 228 KB unused
REVIEW
31 scripts, 228 KB unused
Warning::
https://www.elsevier.com/_next/static/chunks/pages...: 87 KB unused (49%)
Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code.
Warning::
https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=GTM-MJC...: 83 KB unused (53%)
Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code.
Warning::
https://www.elsevier.com/_next/static/chunks/7300-...: 37 KB unused (69%)
Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code.
Warning::
https://www.elsevier.com/_next/static/chunks/frame...: 21 KB unused (36%)
Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code.
Info::
Total unused JavaScript: 228 KB
228 KB unused JavaScript

Downloaded but never executed on this page.

ScriptSizeUnusedMinifiedParty
https://www.elsevier.com/_next/static/chunks/pages/_app-5b9d716e4aaa6c5e.js177 KB87 KB (49%)✓3rd
https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=GTM-MJCS82W157 KB83 KB (53%)✓3rd
https://www.elsevier.com/_next/static/chunks/7300-08df7600e9ea0ea0.js54 KB37 KB (69%)✓3rd
https://www.elsevier.com/_next/static/chunks/framework-7df8ac3fa81e4099.js57 KB21 KB (36%)✓3rd
https://www.elsevier.com/scripts/remove-no-js-class.js0 KB—✓3rd
https://js-agent.newrelic.com/async-api.737e0ca6-1227.min.js1 KB—✓3rd
https://www.elsevier.com/_next/static/chunks/2888-a43a4ed20100b9a2.js26 KB—✓3rd
https://www.elsevier.com/_next/static/chunks/3125-0cb673c34a780f3d.js18 KB—✓3rd
https://www.elsevier.com/_next/static/chunks/8590-5b5bcf9e91334741.js20 KB—✓3rd
https://www.elsevier.com/_next/static/chunks/2380-4ffad1c359686d3a.js11 KB—✓3rd

Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code.

Why this matters

This bundle has high unused code — code-split or tree-shake to ship only what executes.

Source: web.dev / Lighthouse coverage

Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code.

Why this matters

This bundle has high unused code — code-split or tree-shake to ship only what executes.

Source: web.dev / Lighthouse coverage

Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code.

Why this matters

This bundle has high unused code — code-split or tree-shake to ship only what executes.

Source: web.dev / Lighthouse coverage

Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code.

Why this matters

This bundle has high unused code — code-split or tree-shake to ship only what executes.

Source: web.dev / Lighthouse coverage

C
Green Hosting
Action
Whether the site is served from green-energy infrastructure
REVIEW

Green Hosting

No green hosting detected

A+
Text Compression
All text resources are compressed
PASS
All text resources are compressed
Info::
All text resources are compressed
All text resources are properly compressed.
A
Image Optimization
16 images, 0 KB saveable
PASS
16 images, 0 KB saveable
Info::
All images are well-optimized
16 images 1.2 MB
0 oversized -0 KB
2 legacy format
0 missing dimensions CLS risk
A+
Font Loading
4 fonts (200 KB)
PASS
4 fonts (200 KB)
Info::
4 font(s) use font-display: swap (FOUT risk but functional)

Web fonts

4

200 KB total

Render-blocking

0

of 4

Dominant font-display

swap

Most common across fonts

Font loading timeline
Transfer FOIT (block) FOUT (swap)
0 ms 2.0 s 4.0 s 6.0 s 8.0 s 10.0 s FCP 3.4 s LCP 10.5 shttps://www.elsevier.com/fonts/National2-Regular.otfNational2-Regular.otf https://www.elsevier.com/fonts/National2-Regular.otf — 70.8 KiB — 52 ms — font-display: swaphttps://www.elsevier.com/fonts/TiemposText-Regular.otfTiemposText-Regular.otf https://www.elsevier.com/fonts/TiemposText-Regular.otf — 45.9 KiB — 61 ms — font-display: swaphttps://www.elsevier.com/fonts/TiemposText-RegularItalic.otfTiemposText-RegularItal... https://www.elsevier.com/fonts/TiemposText-RegularItalic.otf — 46.6 KiB — 46 ms — font-display: swaphttps://www.elsevier.com/fonts/National2-Medium.woff2National2-Medium.woff2 https://www.elsevier.com/fonts/National2-Medium.woff2 — 36.8 KiB — 43 ms — font-display: swap
National2-Regular.otf otf swap
Size 71 KB
Load time 52 ms
Start 394 ms
Risk FOUT — text flashes from fallback to web font
  • Convert to woff2 for ~30% smaller file size
TiemposText-Regular.otf otf swap
Size 46 KB
Load time 61 ms
Start 395 ms
Risk FOUT — text flashes from fallback to web font
  • Convert to woff2 for ~30% smaller file size
TiemposText-RegularItal... otf swap
Size 47 KB
Load time 46 ms
Start 395 ms
Risk FOUT — text flashes from fallback to web font
  • Convert to woff2 for ~30% smaller file size
National2-Medium.woff2 woff2 swap
Size 37 KB
Load time 43 ms
Start 395 ms
Risk FOUT — text flashes from fallback to web font
Optimization checklist
  • Preload critical fonts (priority=high)
  • Use woff2 format for all fonts
  • Set font-display to swap, optional, or fallback
  • Subset large fonts (≤100 KB each)

Fixing the unchecked items could save ~49 KB and ~98 ms

A+
Resource Caching
All resources properly cached
PASS
All resources properly cached
Info::
No caching issues found
All static resources have appropriate caching headers.
A+
Critical Rendering Path
No render-blocking resources
PASS
No render-blocking resources
Info::
No render-blocking resources detected
A+
Resource Hints
8 hints, 0 missing preconnects
PASS
8 hints, 0 missing preconnects
Info::
Page uses 8 resource hint(s)

Current Resource Hints

preconnect
6
preload
2
dns-prefetch
—
prefetch
—

8 resource hints configured

A+
Render-Blocking Resources
No render-blocking resources detected
PASS
No render-blocking resources detected
Info::
No render-blocking resources detected in <head>
A+
Third-Party Resources
No third-party resources detected
PASS
No third-party resources detected
Network Waterfall
74 requests over 1662ms
INFO
0 ms 2.0 s 4.0 s 6.0 s 8.0 s 10.0 s FCP 3.4 s LCP 10.5 shttps://elsevier.com// https://elsevier.com/ — 301 — 99 B — 111 ms — h2https://www.elsevier.com/www.elsevier.com/ https://www.elsevier.com/ — 200 — 70.0 KiB — 141 ms — h2https://www.elsevier.com/_next/static/css/3113c2aa3f793f81.csswww.elsevier.com/_next/static/css/3... https://www.elsevier.com/_next/static/css/3113c2aa3f793f81.css — 200 — 22.1 KiB — 51 ms — h2https://www.elsevier.com/_next/static/css/4143dd9c9c2606a6.csswww.elsevier.com/_next/static/css/4... https://www.elsevier.com/_next/static/css/4143dd9c9c2606a6.css — 200 — 5.6 KiB — 59 ms — h2https://images.ctfassets.net/o78em1y1w4i4/3AmLFRuxk8yHrMVaHw8lVx/23681323b80bb58082e671e094913408/HomeHeroBanner_Mobile_OsmosisAI.jpg?fm=webp&w=750&q=75images.ctfassets.net/o78em1y1w4i4/3... https://images.ctfassets.net/o78em1y1w4i4/3AmLFRuxk8yHrMVaHw8lVx/23681323b80bb58082e671e094913408/HomeHeroBanner_Mobile_OsmosisAI.jpg?fm=webp&w=750&q=75 — 200 — 28.3 KiB — 105 ms — h2https://images.ctfassets.net/o78em1y1w4i4/1r7jCcCz2g08xhTxzlXHkT/e3b71c01c13146ffc0fa53da4c4ecc1f/backgroundTextures_01_Mobile.png?fm=webp&w=750&q=75images.ctfassets.net/o78em1y1w4i4/1... https://images.ctfassets.net/o78em1y1w4i4/1r7jCcCz2g08xhTxzlXHkT/e3b71c01c13146ffc0fa53da4c4ecc1f/backgroundTextures_01_Mobile.png?fm=webp&w=750&q=75 — 200 — 8.0 KiB — 85 ms — h2https://www.elsevier.com/_next/static/chunks/webpack-97940a0fda6c899c.jswww.elsevier.com/_next/static/chunk... https://www.elsevier.com/_next/static/chunks/webpack-97940a0fda6c899c.js — 200 — 2.6 KiB — 48 ms — h2https://www.elsevier.com/_next/static/chunks/framework-7df8ac3fa81e4099.jswww.elsevier.com/_next/static/chunk... https://www.elsevier.com/_next/static/chunks/framework-7df8ac3fa81e4099.js — 200 — 57.3 KiB — 53 ms — h2https://www.elsevier.com/_next/static/chunks/main-6766b2277ae2cb65.jswww.elsevier.com/_next/static/chunk... https://www.elsevier.com/_next/static/chunks/main-6766b2277ae2cb65.js — 200 — 45.3 KiB — 78 ms — h2https://www.elsevier.com/_next/static/chunks/pages/_app-5b9d716e4aaa6c5e.jswww.elsevier.com/_next/static/chunk... https://www.elsevier.com/_next/static/chunks/pages/_app-5b9d716e4aaa6c5e.js — 200 — 177.5 KiB — 89 ms — h2https://www.elsevier.com/_next/static/chunks/e3a86bf8-ffa261a7c8f22119.jswww.elsevier.com/_next/static/chunk... https://www.elsevier.com/_next/static/chunks/e3a86bf8-ffa261a7c8f22119.js — 200 — 10.3 KiB — 86 ms — h2https://www.elsevier.com/_next/static/chunks/7525-2eea17c3c9bfd022.jswww.elsevier.com/_next/static/chunk... https://www.elsevier.com/_next/static/chunks/7525-2eea17c3c9bfd022.js — 200 — 13.8 KiB — 47 ms — h2https://www.elsevier.com/_next/static/chunks/2888-a43a4ed20100b9a2.jswww.elsevier.com/_next/static/chunk... https://www.elsevier.com/_next/static/chunks/2888-a43a4ed20100b9a2.js — 200 — 25.6 KiB — 62 ms — h2https://www.elsevier.com/_next/static/chunks/3125-0cb673c34a780f3d.jswww.elsevier.com/_next/static/chunk... https://www.elsevier.com/_next/static/chunks/3125-0cb673c34a780f3d.js — 200 — 18.4 KiB — 63 ms — h2https://www.elsevier.com/_next/static/chunks/8590-5b5bcf9e91334741.jswww.elsevier.com/_next/static/chunk... https://www.elsevier.com/_next/static/chunks/8590-5b5bcf9e91334741.js — 200 — 20.3 KiB — 85 ms — h2https://www.elsevier.com/_next/static/chunks/2380-4ffad1c359686d3a.jswww.elsevier.com/_next/static/chunk... https://www.elsevier.com/_next/static/chunks/2380-4ffad1c359686d3a.js — 200 — 11.0 KiB — 85 ms — h2https://www.elsevier.com/_next/static/chunks/7300-08df7600e9ea0ea0.jswww.elsevier.com/_next/static/chunk... https://www.elsevier.com/_next/static/chunks/7300-08df7600e9ea0ea0.js — 200 — 54.0 KiB — 88 ms — h2https://www.elsevier.com/_next/static/chunks/pages/%5B...slug%5D-1c71dd25e21c9e5e.jswww.elsevier.com/_next/static/chunk... https://www.elsevier.com/_next/static/chunks/pages/%5B...slug%5D-1c71dd25e21c9e5e.js — 200 — 799 B — 84 ms — h2https://www.elsevier.com/_next/static/_f_5w4Lg6d66clZpS1Pnx/_buildManifest.jswww.elsevier.com/_next/static/_f_5w... https://www.elsevier.com/_next/static/_f_5w4Lg6d66clZpS1Pnx/_buildManifest.js — 200 — 2.2 KiB — 57 ms — h2https://www.elsevier.com/_next/static/_f_5w4Lg6d66clZpS1Pnx/_ssgManifest.jswww.elsevier.com/_next/static/_f_5w... https://www.elsevier.com/_next/static/_f_5w4Lg6d66clZpS1Pnx/_ssgManifest.js — 200 — 744 B — 53 ms — h2https://www.elsevier.com/images/elsevier-logo-orange.svgwww.elsevier.com/images/elsevier-lo... https://www.elsevier.com/images/elsevier-logo-orange.svg — 200 — 38.6 KiB — 81 ms — h2https://www.elsevier.com/scripts/remove-no-js-class.jswww.elsevier.com/scripts/remove-no-... https://www.elsevier.com/scripts/remove-no-js-class.js — 200 — 429 B — 84 ms — h2https://www.elsevier.com/scripts/unsupported-browser.jswww.elsevier.com/scripts/unsupporte... https://www.elsevier.com/scripts/unsupported-browser.js — 200 — 651 B — 84 ms — h2https://static.cloudflareinsights.com/beacon.min.js/vcd15cbe7772f49c399c6a5babf22c1241717689176015static.cloudflareinsights.com/beaco... https://static.cloudflareinsights.com/beacon.min.js/vcd15cbe7772f49c399c6a5babf22c1241717689176015 — 200 — 6.9 KiB — 103 ms — h2https://www.elsevier.com/manifest.jsonwww.elsevier.com/manifest.json https://www.elsevier.com/manifest.json — 200 — 871 B — 112 ms — h2data:image/svg+xml;utf8,%3Csvg%20viewBox%3D%220%200%2024%2012%22%20fill%3D%22none%22%20xmlns%3D%22h…data:image/svg+xml;utf8,%3Csvg%20vi... data:image/svg+xml;utf8,%3Csvg%20viewBox%3D%220%200%2024%2012%22%20fill%3D%22none%22%20xmlns%3D%22h… — 200 — 0 B — 0 ms — datadata:image/svg+xml;utf8,%3Csvg%20viewBox%3D%220%200%2012%2012%22%20fill%3D%22none%22%20xmlns%3D%22h…data:image/svg+xml;utf8,%3Csvg%20vi... data:image/svg+xml;utf8,%3Csvg%20viewBox%3D%220%200%2012%2012%22%20fill%3D%22none%22%20xmlns%3D%22h… — 200 — 0 B — 0 ms — datahttps://images.ctfassets.net/o78em1y1w4i4/6H0ce4imo3bXUd7kZ3zWrt/0e81d83e181eedfce798164b83c6c62b/HomeHeroBanner_Mobile_CKAI.jpg?fm=webp&w=750&q=75images.ctfassets.net/o78em1y1w4i4/6... https://images.ctfassets.net/o78em1y1w4i4/6H0ce4imo3bXUd7kZ3zWrt/0e81d83e181eedfce798164b83c6c62b/HomeHeroBanner_Mobile_CKAI.jpg?fm=webp&w=750&q=75 — 200 — 24.9 KiB — 23 ms — h2https://images.ctfassets.net/o78em1y1w4i4/7fgeGEq2g03VH5zs3ZXy2z/b5b5cfd26fe4653bd119a4ed3a721e1e/Homepage-hero-LeapSpace-launch-portrait.jpg?fm=webp&w=750&q=75images.ctfassets.net/o78em1y1w4i4/7... https://images.ctfassets.net/o78em1y1w4i4/7fgeGEq2g03VH5zs3ZXy2z/b5b5cfd26fe4653bd119a4ed3a721e1e/Homepage-hero-LeapSpace-launch-portrait.jpg?fm=webp&w=750&q=75 — 200 — 25.2 KiB — 26 ms — h2https://images.ctfassets.net/o78em1y1w4i4/6eNc7GFEC2fzGbDUH14Tgy/e29248deadfd23b5cf4cdb98cf3b61ed/Homepage-hero-What-matters-most-portrait.jpg?fm=webp&w=750&q=75images.ctfassets.net/o78em1y1w4i4/6... https://images.ctfassets.net/o78em1y1w4i4/6eNc7GFEC2fzGbDUH14Tgy/e29248deadfd23b5cf4cdb98cf3b61ed/Homepage-hero-What-matters-most-portrait.jpg?fm=webp&w=750&q=75 — 200 — 20.3 KiB — 171 ms — h2
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https://www.elsevier.com/_next/data/_f_5w4Lg6d66clZpS1Pnx/en-us/publishing/publish-in-a-journal.json?slug=publishing&slug=publish-in-a-journal — 200 — 24.5 KiB — 227 ms — h2https://www.elsevier.com/_next/data/_f_5w4Lg6d66clZpS1Pnx/en-us/researcher/author/book-author.jsonwww.elsevier.com/_next/data/_f_5w4L... https://www.elsevier.com/_next/data/_f_5w4Lg6d66clZpS1Pnx/en-us/researcher/author/book-author.json — 404 — 3.3 KiB — 218 ms — h2https://www.elsevier.com/_next/static/css/4143dd9c9c2606a6.csswww.elsevier.com/_next/static/css/4... https://www.elsevier.com/_next/static/css/4143dd9c9c2606a6.css — 200 — 0 B — 1 ms — h2
HTML JavaScript CSS Images Fonts XHR/Fetch Other
Third-Party Script Cost
Per-script blocking time, transfer cost, and cache headers
INFO
100% of JavaScript execution is third-party
First-party Third-party 3254ms · 508KB · $43/mo
www.elsevier.com
Other
Costly
Execution 1269ms
Transfer 57 KB
Unused 36%
Monthly Cost $17/mo
www.elsevier.com
Other
Costly
Execution 746ms
Transfer 70 KB
Monthly Cost $10/mo
Unattributable
Other
Costly
Execution 453ms
Transfer 0 KB
Monthly Cost $6/mo
www.elsevier.com
Other
Costly
Execution 260ms
Transfer 177 KB
Unused 49%
Monthly Cost $3/mo
www.elsevier.com
Other
Costly
Execution 227ms
Transfer 45 KB
Monthly Cost $3/mo
Google Tag Manager
Tag Manager
Optional
Execution 156ms
Transfer 157 KB
Unused 53%
Monthly Cost $2/mo
www.elsevier.com
Other
Optional
Execution 142ms
Transfer 1 KB
Monthly Cost $2/mo

These scripts may cost more than they're worth

  • www.elsevier.com adds 1269ms and costs ~$17/month
  • www.elsevier.com adds 746ms and costs ~$10/month
  • Unattributable adds 453ms and costs ~$6/month
  • www.elsevier.com adds 260ms and costs ~$3/month
  • www.elsevier.com adds 227ms and costs ~$3/month

100% of JavaScript execution time is spent on third-party scripts. Consider auditing which scripts are essential.

Why this matters

When third-party JS execution time exceeds your own, performance gains from frontend work are capped by code you don't own.

Learn more ▾

Every millisecond of third-party JS competes with your own for main-thread time. If their share is bigger than yours, optimization on your code base barely moves the needle. Audit, defer, or remove third-parties before further frontend optimization. Use Lighthouse's third-party audit to identify the worst offenders.

Source: web.dev

www.elsevier.com takes 1269ms of CPU time. Consider loading it asynchronously or replacing it with a lighter alternative.

Why this matters

This script has high main-thread execution time — optimize hot paths or defer.

Source: web.dev

www.elsevier.com takes 746ms of CPU time. Consider loading it asynchronously or replacing it with a lighter alternative.

Why this matters

This script has high main-thread execution time — optimize hot paths or defer.

Source: web.dev

Unattributable takes 453ms of CPU time. Consider loading it asynchronously or replacing it with a lighter alternative.

Why this matters

This script has high main-thread execution time — optimize hot paths or defer.

Source: web.dev

www.elsevier.com takes 260ms of CPU time. Consider loading it asynchronously or replacing it with a lighter alternative.

Why this matters

This script has high main-thread execution time — optimize hot paths or defer.

Source: web.dev

www.elsevier.com takes 227ms of CPU time. Consider loading it asynchronously or replacing it with a lighter alternative.

Why this matters

This script has high main-thread execution time — optimize hot paths or defer.

Source: web.dev

53% of Google Tag Manager's code is unused. The script may be loading features you don't use.

Why this matters

Bundle has high unused-code ratio — tree-shaking and route-splitting recover the wasted bytes.

Source: web.dev

How third-party costs are calculated

All checks on this page are automated. Results are estimates - run targeted manual reviews when the score affects a release decision.

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