Skip to content
https://frontiersin.org

Performance

· 17 checks — Lighthouse + waterfall + sustainability rolled into one auditable list.
SCORE
69
GRADE
D
FIX
6
REVIEW
1
PASS
8
INFO
2

Performance-focused optimization plan with CWV assessment, top offenders, and time estimates

Mobile Desktop
28
Performance Overall performance score (0–100) based on Core Web Vitals and other metrics. 90+ is good.
100
Accessibility Measures how accessible the page is for users with disabilities. Checks color contrast, ARIA labels, and semantic HTML.
96
Best Practices Checks for modern web development best practices including HTTPS, no console errors, and secure JavaScript.
100
SEO Measures basic SEO optimizations: meta tags, crawlability, link text, and mobile friendliness.

First Contentful Paint First Contentful Paint — how long until the browser renders the first piece of content. Under 1.8s is good.

13.23 s

Largest Contentful Paint Largest Contentful Paint — how long until the largest visible element loads. Under 2.5s is good.

27.20 s

Total Blocking Time Total Blocking Time — total time the main thread was blocked, preventing user input. Under 200ms is good.

1.91 s

Cumulative Layout Shift Cumulative Layout Shift — measures visual stability. How much the page layout shifts during loading. Under 0.1 is good.

0.015

Speed Index Speed Index — how quickly content is visually displayed during load. Under 3.4s is good.

13.23 s

Time to Interactive Time to Interactive — how long until the page is fully interactive and responds to user input. Under 3.8s is good.

27.31 s

Page Load Progression

421 ms
842 ms
1.3 s
1.7 s
2.1 s
2.5 s
2.9 s
3.4 s
Checks
17
8 PASS 1 REVIEW 6 FIX
F
Page Weight Budget
Action
3.8 MB transferred, 89 requests
FIX
3.8 MB transferred, 89 requests
Warning::
Page weighs 10.8 MB (3.8 MB transferred)
Warning::
JavaScript is 2.4 MB — consider code splitting or lazy loading
Large JavaScript bundles delay interactivity. Split code by route or defer non-critical scripts.
Got: 2.4 MB
Info::
89 HTTP requests
Info::
Estimated 0.80 g CO2 per page load
3.8 MB / 2.4 MB budget
3.8 MB transferred
89 requests
0.80 g CO2 per page load
JavaScript 2.4 MiB 64%
Images 610.5 KiB 16%
Other 384.9 KiB 10%
CSS 155.7 KiB 4%
HTML 114.0 KiB 3%
Fonts 102.6 KiB 3%
Other 41.1 KiB 1%
Other 6.3 KiB 0%
Other 643 B 0%
Other 0 B 0%
0 2.4 MB 4.9 MB
Over budget

Large JavaScript bundles delay interactivity. Split code by route or defer non-critical scripts.

Why this matters

JavaScript bundle is large — code-split routes and lazy-load off-screen components to defer.

Source: web.dev

D
Third-Party Impact
Action
100% third-party, 0 ms blocking
FIX
100% third-party, 0 ms blocking
Warning::
Third-party code accounts for 100% of page weight (3.8 MiB of 3.8 MiB)
Info::
Third-party blocking time is low (0 ms)
100%
First-party Third-party
F
JS Execution Cost
Action
5183ms total JS execution
FIX
5183ms total JS execution
Warning::
https://www.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/_nuxt/0...: 1364ms CPU time
Warning::
https://tag-manager.frontiersin.org/gtm.js?id=GTM-...: 730ms CPU time
Warning::
https://www.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/_nuxt/9...: 648ms CPU time
Warning::
Unattributable: 503ms CPU time
Warning::
https://tag-manager.frontiersin.org/gtm.js?id=GTM-...: 499ms CPU time
Warning::
Third-party scripts: 5183ms (100% of total)

Main Thread Breakdown

Script Evaluation 60% Other 14% Script Parsing & Compilation 13% Style & Layout 7%
ScriptTotalScriptingParse/CompileParty
https://www.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/_nuxt/0d024db.js1364ms1077ms18ms3rd
https://tag-manager.frontiersin.org/gtm.js?id=GTM-WKF68V4&gtm=4e64h1&sign=f6d17a5d8ef69dfe4884c9c206e2cb583cacfdfc230ab33557108e1639b5bd92_20260421730ms657ms52ms3rd
https://www.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/_nuxt/90bd734.js648ms107ms257ms3rd
Unattributable503ms18ms0ms3rd
https://tag-manager.frontiersin.org/gtm.js?id=GTM-PQWSNCJ&gtm_auth=0HxnYwqN2wpANrd769hTJg&gtm_preview=env-1&gtm_cookies_win=x499ms426ms69ms3rd
https://www.frontiersin.org/382ms129ms43ms3rd
https://tag-manager.frontiersin.org/gtag/js?id=G-MF9DGCL3QL&cx=c&gtm=4e64h1&sign=f6d17a5d8ef69dfe4884c9c206e2cb583cacfdfc230ab33557108e1639b5bd92_20260421281ms212ms68ms3rd
https://cdn.cookielaw.org/scripttemplates/202501.2.0/otBannerSdk.js268ms185ms41ms3rd
https://js-agent.newrelic.com/nr-spa-1.313.1.min.js170ms134ms9ms3rd
https://tag-manager.frontiersin.org/gtm.js?id=GTM-N7NBS8L&gtm=4e64h1&sign=f6d17a5d8ef69dfe4884c9c206e2cb583cacfdfc230ab33557108e1639b5bd92_20260421145ms95ms49ms3rd

Showing top 10 of 13 scripts

F
JS Bundles
Action
21 scripts, 881 KB unused
FIX
21 scripts, 881 KB unused
Warning::
https://www.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/_nuxt/9...: 443 KB unused (67%)
Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code.
Warning::
https://tag-manager.frontiersin.org/gtm.js?id=GTM-...: 80 KB unused (47%)
Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code.
Warning::
https://tag-manager.frontiersin.org/gtag/js?id=G-M...: 68 KB unused (41%)
Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code.
Warning::
https://tag-manager.frontiersin.org/gtm.js?id=GTM-...: 65 KB unused (58%)
Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code.
Warning::
https://tag-manager.frontiersin.org/gtm.js?id=GTM-...: 65 KB unused (57%)
Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code.
Info::
Total unused JavaScript: 881 KB
881 KB unused JavaScript

Downloaded but never executed on this page.

ScriptSizeUnusedMinifiedParty
https://www.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/_nuxt/90bd734.js666 KB443 KB (67%)✓3rd
https://tag-manager.frontiersin.org/gtm.js?id=GTM-PQWSNCJ&gtm_auth=0HxnYwqN2wpANrd769hTJg&gtm_preview=env-1&gtm_cookies_win=x171 KB80 KB (47%)✓3rd
https://tag-manager.frontiersin.org/gtag/js?id=G-MF9DGCL3QL&cx=c&gtm=4e64h1&sign=f6d17a5d8ef69dfe4884c9c206e2cb583cacfdfc230ab33557108e1639b5bd92_20260421167 KB68 KB (41%)✓3rd
https://tag-manager.frontiersin.org/gtm.js?id=GTM-N7NBS8L&gtm=4e64h1&sign=f6d17a5d8ef69dfe4884c9c206e2cb583cacfdfc230ab33557108e1639b5bd92_20260421113 KB65 KB (58%)✓3rd
https://tag-manager.frontiersin.org/gtm.js?id=GTM-NB25PW2W&gtm=4e64h1&sign=f6d17a5d8ef69dfe4884c9c206e2cb583cacfdfc230ab33557108e1639b5bd92_20260421114 KB65 KB (57%)✓3rd
https://tag-manager.frontiersin.org/gtm.js?id=GTM-WKF68V4&gtm=4e64h1&sign=f6d17a5d8ef69dfe4884c9c206e2cb583cacfdfc230ab33557108e1639b5bd92_20260421137 KB62 KB (46%)✓3rd
https://cdn.cookielaw.org/scripttemplates/202501.2.0/otBannerSdk.js114 KB61 KB (53%)✓3rd
https://www.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/_nuxt/f07b8ec.js91 KB36 KB (40%)✓3rd
https://static.doubleclick.net/instream/ad_status.js0 KB—✓3rd
https://www.youtube.com/s/_/ytembeds/_/js/k=ytembeds.base.en_US.CYE28xQTWxU.2021.O/am=AAAABA/d=1/exm=base,root/ed=1/br=1/rs=AGKMywGc21Bc99sDrhbnjOkQlq7nTfp_WQ/m=r78Drb146 KB—✓3rd

Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code.

Why this matters

This bundle has high unused code — code-split or tree-shake to ship only what executes.

Source: web.dev / Lighthouse coverage

Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code.

Why this matters

This bundle has high unused code — code-split or tree-shake to ship only what executes.

Source: web.dev / Lighthouse coverage

Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code.

Why this matters

This bundle has high unused code — code-split or tree-shake to ship only what executes.

Source: web.dev / Lighthouse coverage

Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code.

Why this matters

This bundle has high unused code — code-split or tree-shake to ship only what executes.

Source: web.dev / Lighthouse coverage

Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code.

Why this matters

This bundle has high unused code — code-split or tree-shake to ship only what executes.

Source: web.dev / Lighthouse coverage

F
Page Weight Inventory
Action
89 resources · 3.8 MB · 881 KB savings available
FIX
89 resources · 3.8 MB · 881 KB savings available
Warning::
Page weight 2.8 MB over 1MB target
Got: 3.8 MB Expected: ≤ 1 MB
Info::
~881 KB of savings available
Warning::
88 third-party resources (100% of weight)
Info::
2 resources over 200KB
89 resources · 3.8 MiB · 88 third-party 2.8 MiB over 1MB target
JavaScript 64% · 2.4 MiB
Image 26% · 998.6 KiB
CSS 4% · 160.0 KiB
Document 3% · 114.0 KiB
Font 3% · 102.6 KiB
Other 1% · 40.5 KiB

~880.9 KiB of savings available

Remove unused JavaScript: 880.9 KiB
F
HTTP Caching
Action
No cache headers
FIX
No cache headers
Warning::
No Cache-Control header found
Browsers will use heuristic caching, which can be unpredictable. Set explicit cache headers.

No Cache-Control header

Adding a Cache-Control header can significantly improve repeat-visit performance.

C
Green Hosting
Action
Whether the site is served from green-energy infrastructure
REVIEW

Green Hosting

No green hosting detected

A+
Text Compression
All text resources are compressed
PASS
All text resources are compressed
Info::
All text resources are compressed
All text resources are properly compressed.
A
Image Optimization
17 images, 0 KB saveable
PASS
17 images, 0 KB saveable
Info::
All images are well-optimized
17 images 611 KB
0 oversized -0 KB
3 legacy format
0 missing dimensions CLS risk
A+
Font Loading
5 fonts (103 KB)
PASS
5 fonts (103 KB)
Info::
5 font(s) use font-display: swap (FOUT risk but functional)

Web fonts

5

103 KB total

Render-blocking

0

of 5

Dominant font-display

swap

Most common across fonts

Font loading timeline
Transfer FOIT (block) FOUT (swap)
0 ms 2.0 s 4.0 s 6.0 s 8.0 s 10.0 s 12.0 s 14.0 s 16.0 s 18.0 s 20.0 s 22.0 s 24.0 s 26.0 s 28.0 s FCP 13.2 s LCP 27.2 shttps://fonts.gstatic.com/s/roboto/v48/KFO7CnqEu92Fr1ME7kSn66aGLdTylUAMa3yUBHMdazQ.woff2KFO7CnqEu92Fr1ME7kSn66a... https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/roboto/v48/KFO7CnqEu92Fr1ME7kSn66aGLdTylUAMa3yUBHMdazQ.woff2 — 33.9 KiB — 85 ms — font-display: swaphttps://static2.frontiersin.org/static-resources/MuseoSans500.woff2MuseoSans500.woff2 https://static2.frontiersin.org/static-resources/MuseoSans500.woff2 — 17.9 KiB — 154 ms — font-display: swaphttps://static2.frontiersin.org/static-resources/FrontiersIconography.woff2FrontiersIconography.woff2 https://static2.frontiersin.org/static-resources/FrontiersIconography.woff2 — 15.0 KiB — 144 ms — font-display: swaphttps://static2.frontiersin.org/static-resources/MuseoSans700.woff2MuseoSans700.woff2 https://static2.frontiersin.org/static-resources/MuseoSans700.woff2 — 18.0 KiB — 161 ms — font-display: swaphttps://static2.frontiersin.org/static-resources/MuseoSans300.woff2MuseoSans300.woff2 https://static2.frontiersin.org/static-resources/MuseoSans300.woff2 — 17.7 KiB — 168 ms — font-display: swap
KFO7CnqEu92Fr1ME7kSn66a... woff2 swap
Size 34 KB
Load time 85 ms
Start 540 ms
Risk FOUT — text flashes from fallback to web font
MuseoSans500.woff2 woff2 swap
Size 18 KB
Load time 154 ms
Start 938 ms
Risk FOUT — text flashes from fallback to web font
FrontiersIconography.woff2 woff2 swap
Size 15 KB
Load time 144 ms
Start 939 ms
Risk FOUT — text flashes from fallback to web font
MuseoSans700.woff2 woff2 swap
Size 18 KB
Load time 161 ms
Start 940 ms
Risk FOUT — text flashes from fallback to web font
MuseoSans300.woff2 woff2 swap
Size 18 KB
Load time 168 ms
Start 940 ms
Risk FOUT — text flashes from fallback to web font
Optimization checklist
  • Preload critical fonts (priority=high)
  • Use woff2 format for all fonts
  • Set font-display to swap, optional, or fallback
  • Subset large fonts (≤100 KB each)
A+
Resource Caching
All resources properly cached
PASS
All resources properly cached
Info::
No caching issues found
All static resources have appropriate caching headers.
A+
Critical Rendering Path
No render-blocking resources
PASS
No render-blocking resources
Info::
No render-blocking resources detected
A+
Resource Hints
10 hints, 0 missing preconnects
PASS
10 hints, 0 missing preconnects
Info::
Page uses 10 resource hint(s)

Current Resource Hints

preconnect
—
preload
10
dns-prefetch
—
prefetch
—

10 resource hints configured

A+
Render-Blocking Resources
No render-blocking resources detected
PASS
No render-blocking resources detected
Info::
No render-blocking resources detected in <head>
A+
Third-Party Resources
No third-party resources detected
PASS
No third-party resources detected
Network Waterfall
89 requests over 3968ms
INFO
0 ms 2.0 s 4.0 s 6.0 s 8.0 s 10.0 s 12.0 s 14.0 s 16.0 s 18.0 s 20.0 s 22.0 s 24.0 s 26.0 s 28.0 s FCP 13.2 s LCP 27.2 shttps://frontiersin.org// https://frontiersin.org/ — 301 — 47 B — 109 ms — h2https://www.frontiersin.org/www.frontiersin.org/ https://www.frontiersin.org/ — 200 — 57.9 KiB — 222 ms — h2https://www.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/_nuxt/manifest.e33bfb31.jsonwww.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/... https://www.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/_nuxt/manifest.e33bfb31.json — 200 — 643 B — 115 ms — h2https://www.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/_nuxt/90e9a74.jswww.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/... https://www.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/_nuxt/90e9a74.js — 200 — 2.4 KiB — 65 ms — h2https://www.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/_nuxt/f07b8ec.jswww.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/... https://www.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/_nuxt/f07b8ec.js — 200 — 90.7 KiB — 129 ms — h2https://www.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/_nuxt/css/52ad924.csswww.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/... https://www.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/_nuxt/css/52ad924.css — 200 — 40.5 KiB — 102 ms — h2https://www.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/_nuxt/90bd734.jswww.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/... https://www.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/_nuxt/90bd734.js — 200 — 666.3 KiB — 182 ms — h2https://www.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/_nuxt/css/70fec71.csswww.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/... https://www.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/_nuxt/css/70fec71.css — 200 — 9.7 KiB — 44 ms — h2https://www.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/_nuxt/0d024db.jswww.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/... https://www.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/_nuxt/0d024db.js — 200 — 37.7 KiB — 113 ms — h2https://www.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/_nuxt/css/f230d39.csswww.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/... https://www.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/_nuxt/css/f230d39.css — 200 — 1.2 KiB — 71 ms — h2https://www.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/_nuxt/7ba9e68.jswww.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/... https://www.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/_nuxt/7ba9e68.js — 200 — 2.3 KiB — 70 ms — h2https://www.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/_nuxt/css/c842d74.csswww.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/... https://www.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/_nuxt/css/c842d74.css — 200 — 781 B — 87 ms — h2https://www.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/_nuxt/fa45311.jswww.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/... https://www.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/_nuxt/fa45311.js — 200 — 1.3 KiB — 87 ms — h2https://d2csxpduxe849s.cloudfront.net/media/E32629C6-9347-4F84-81FEAEF7BFA342B3/736B937B-CCA4-4440-B731C5C595C623EA/WebsiteWebP_XL-shutterstock_1895343883.webpd2csxpduxe849s.cloudfront.net/media... https://d2csxpduxe849s.cloudfront.net/media/E32629C6-9347-4F84-81FEAEF7BFA342B3/736B937B-CCA4-4440-B731C5C595C623EA/WebsiteWebP_XL-shutterstock_1895343883.webp — 200 — 112.6 KiB — 139 ms — h2https://brand.frontiersin.org/asset/3b3a148c-bc59-4bea-b9cb-fe26ac5ef292/WebsiteWebP_M/Homepage_Find-a-journal.webpbrand.frontiersin.org/asset/3b3a148... https://brand.frontiersin.org/asset/3b3a148c-bc59-4bea-b9cb-fe26ac5ef292/WebsiteWebP_M/Homepage_Find-a-journal.webp — 200 — 44.2 KiB — 123 ms — h2https://d2csxpduxe849s.cloudfront.net/media/E32629C6-9347-4F84-81FEAEF7BFA342B3/9B31537D-70FD-4F04-A8D7DE5339935284/WebsiteWebP_M-shutterstock_1815514430.webpd2csxpduxe849s.cloudfront.net/media... https://d2csxpduxe849s.cloudfront.net/media/E32629C6-9347-4F84-81FEAEF7BFA342B3/9B31537D-70FD-4F04-A8D7DE5339935284/WebsiteWebP_M-shutterstock_1815514430.webp — 200 — 91.1 KiB — 165 ms — h2https://brand.frontiersin.org/asset/8a7a0253-89a9-429f-a314-8efe8a69e38e/WebsiteWebP_M/In-the-Research-Laboratory-Smart-African-American-Female-Scientist-Wearing-White-Coat-and-Protective-Glasses-Writes-Formula-on-Glass-Whiteboard-References-Her-Tablet-Computer.webpbrand.frontiersin.org/asset/8a7a025... https://brand.frontiersin.org/asset/8a7a0253-89a9-429f-a314-8efe8a69e38e/WebsiteWebP_M/In-the-Research-Laboratory-Smart-African-American-Female-Scientist-Wearing-White-Coat-and-Protective-Glasses-Writes-Formula-on-Glass-Whiteboard-References-Her-Tablet-Computer.webp — 200 — 25.4 KiB — 128 ms — h2https://brand.frontiersin.org/asset/7e3fed46-86be-4f97-87e7-ed62bb167ace/WebsiteWebP_M/Engineers-male-flying-drone-surveying-and-checking-wind-turbines-from-the-high-angle-view-of-the-field-during-beautiful-sunset-using-drone-technology-for-work.webpbrand.frontiersin.org/asset/7e3fed4... https://brand.frontiersin.org/asset/7e3fed46-86be-4f97-87e7-ed62bb167ace/WebsiteWebP_M/Engineers-male-flying-drone-surveying-and-checking-wind-turbines-from-the-high-angle-view-of-the-field-during-beautiful-sunset-using-drone-technology-for-work.webp — 200 — 16.6 KiB — 138 ms — h2https://www.youtube.com/embed/jLJ7ZO3wOW4?rel=0&autoplay=0&mute=0&controls=1&cc_load_policy=0www.youtube.com/embed/jLJ7ZO3wOW4?r... https://www.youtube.com/embed/jLJ7ZO3wOW4?rel=0&autoplay=0&mute=0&controls=1&cc_load_policy=0 — 200 — 56.1 KiB — 180 ms — h2https://brand.frontiersin.org/asset/fe1f84ba-fd90-4b48-9c9d-d59318fb6ff7/WebsiteWebP_M/Female-Scientist-Sits-at-His-Workplace-in-Laboratory-Uses-Personal-Computer-Screen-Shows-Analyze-of-DNA-I-the-Background-Genetics-Research-Centre-with-Innovative-Equipment.webpbrand.frontiersin.org/asset/fe1f84b... https://brand.frontiersin.org/asset/fe1f84ba-fd90-4b48-9c9d-d59318fb6ff7/WebsiteWebP_M/Female-Scientist-Sits-at-His-Workplace-in-Laboratory-Uses-Personal-Computer-Screen-Shows-Analyze-of-DNA-I-the-Background-Genetics-Research-Centre-with-Innovative-Equipment.webp — 200 — 30.2 KiB — 132 ms — h2https://brand.frontiersin.org/asset/6143602b-1e87-45dc-872c-2fba6c6780c3/WebsiteWebP_M/AR25_Thumb-website.webpbrand.frontiersin.org/asset/6143602... https://brand.frontiersin.org/asset/6143602b-1e87-45dc-872c-2fba6c6780c3/WebsiteWebP_M/AR25_Thumb-website.webp — 200 — 20.7 KiB — 140 ms — h2https://brand.frontiersin.org/asset/ad9b058e-1626-4e6e-9e45-f4069875edbf/WebsiteWebP_M/FSCI_Hub_Locke_Nature_positive_Hub-card.webpbrand.frontiersin.org/asset/ad9b058... https://brand.frontiersin.org/asset/ad9b058e-1626-4e6e-9e45-f4069875edbf/WebsiteWebP_M/FSCI_Hub_Locke_Nature_positive_Hub-card.webp — 200 — 60.8 KiB — 146 ms — h2https://brand.frontiersin.org/asset/53dc2a05-bd58-4d6c-bb45-cbd757fe7dd2/WebsiteWebP_M/Artificial-intelligence-Microchip-and-brain-shaped-connections-Electric-pulses-binary-codes-brain-activity-3D-illustration.webpbrand.frontiersin.org/asset/53dc2a0... https://brand.frontiersin.org/asset/53dc2a05-bd58-4d6c-bb45-cbd757fe7dd2/WebsiteWebP_M/Artificial-intelligence-Microchip-and-brain-shaped-connections-Electric-pulses-binary-codes-brain-activity-3D-illustration.webp — 200 — 45.3 KiB — 70 ms — h2https://brand.frontiersin.org/asset/0f35fe33-984f-48c0-b65f-44243d6e4ee9/WebsiteWebP_M/Children-playing-tug-of-war-at-the-park.webpbrand.frontiersin.org/asset/0f35fe3... https://brand.frontiersin.org/asset/0f35fe33-984f-48c0-b65f-44243d6e4ee9/WebsiteWebP_M/Children-playing-tug-of-war-at-the-park.webp — 200 — 43.0 KiB — 76 ms — h2https://brand.frontiersin.org/asset/894e81fb-8e45-40ca-9b9a-80eddb5b8c2c/WebsiteWebP_M/Sunset-on-Mars-Martian-landscape-3D-illustration.webpbrand.frontiersin.org/asset/894e81f... https://brand.frontiersin.org/asset/894e81fb-8e45-40ca-9b9a-80eddb5b8c2c/WebsiteWebP_M/Sunset-on-Mars-Martian-landscape-3D-illustration.webp — 200 — 25.6 KiB — 72 ms — h2https://brand.frontiersin.org/asset/9903653d-5f5f-49e4-af08-0586071e6436/WebsiteWebP_M/Scarisoara-Hall-Credit-Paun-V-I.webpbrand.frontiersin.org/asset/9903653... https://brand.frontiersin.org/asset/9903653d-5f5f-49e4-af08-0586071e6436/WebsiteWebP_M/Scarisoara-Hall-Credit-Paun-V-I.webp — 200 — 45.1 KiB — 79 ms — h2https://brand.frontiersin.org/asset/1abdfa85-1989-4e84-a3ab-240f5ce55c93/WebsiteWebP_M/Kamila-Markram-CNBC-video.webpbrand.frontiersin.org/asset/1abdfa8... https://brand.frontiersin.org/asset/1abdfa85-1989-4e84-a3ab-240f5ce55c93/WebsiteWebP_M/Kamila-Markram-CNBC-video.webp — 200 — 17.3 KiB — 76 ms — h2https://www.youtube.com/s/player/1bb6ee63/www-player.csswww.youtube.com/s/player/1bb6ee63/w... https://www.youtube.com/s/player/1bb6ee63/www-player.css — 200 — 58.0 KiB — 45 ms — h2https://www.youtube.com/s/_/ytembeds/_/ss/k=ytembeds.base.Z3F5ov4G3v8.L.W.O/am=AAAABA/d=0/br=1/rs=AGKMywFC1GFUvUTMfxq9C5Vyf-b95XqJUwwww.youtube.com/s/_/ytembeds/_/ss/k... https://www.youtube.com/s/_/ytembeds/_/ss/k=ytembeds.base.Z3F5ov4G3v8.L.W.O/am=AAAABA/d=0/br=1/rs=AGKMywFC1GFUvUTMfxq9C5Vyf-b95XqJUw — 200 — 45.4 KiB — 58 ms — h2https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/roboto/v48/KFO7CnqEu92Fr1ME7kSn66aGLdTylUAMa3yUBHMdazQ.woff2fonts.gstatic.com/s/roboto/v48/KFO7... https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/roboto/v48/KFO7CnqEu92Fr1ME7kSn66aGLdTylUAMa3yUBHMdazQ.woff2 — 200 — 33.9 KiB — 85 ms — h3
0 ms 2.0 s 4.0 s 6.0 s 8.0 s 10.0 s 12.0 s 14.0 s 16.0 s 18.0 s 20.0 s 22.0 s 24.0 s 26.0 s 28.0 s FCP 13.2 s LCP 27.2 shttps://frontiersin.org// https://frontiersin.org/ — 301 — 47 B — 109 ms — h2https://www.frontiersin.org/www.frontiersin.org/ https://www.frontiersin.org/ — 200 — 57.9 KiB — 222 ms — h2https://www.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/_nuxt/manifest.e33bfb31.jsonwww.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/... https://www.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/_nuxt/manifest.e33bfb31.json — 200 — 643 B — 115 ms — h2https://www.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/_nuxt/90e9a74.jswww.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/... https://www.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/_nuxt/90e9a74.js — 200 — 2.4 KiB — 65 ms — h2https://www.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/_nuxt/f07b8ec.jswww.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/... https://www.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/_nuxt/f07b8ec.js — 200 — 90.7 KiB — 129 ms — h2https://www.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/_nuxt/css/52ad924.csswww.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/... https://www.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/_nuxt/css/52ad924.css — 200 — 40.5 KiB — 102 ms — h2https://www.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/_nuxt/90bd734.jswww.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/... https://www.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/_nuxt/90bd734.js — 200 — 666.3 KiB — 182 ms — h2https://www.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/_nuxt/css/70fec71.csswww.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/... https://www.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/_nuxt/css/70fec71.css — 200 — 9.7 KiB — 44 ms — h2https://www.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/_nuxt/0d024db.jswww.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/... https://www.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/_nuxt/0d024db.js — 200 — 37.7 KiB — 113 ms — h2https://www.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/_nuxt/css/f230d39.csswww.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/... https://www.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/_nuxt/css/f230d39.css — 200 — 1.2 KiB — 71 ms — h2https://www.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/_nuxt/7ba9e68.jswww.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/... https://www.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/_nuxt/7ba9e68.js — 200 — 2.3 KiB — 70 ms — h2https://www.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/_nuxt/css/c842d74.csswww.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/... https://www.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/_nuxt/css/c842d74.css — 200 — 781 B — 87 ms — h2https://www.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/_nuxt/fa45311.jswww.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/... https://www.frontiersin.org/home-page-2022/_nuxt/fa45311.js — 200 — 1.3 KiB — 87 ms — h2https://d2csxpduxe849s.cloudfront.net/media/E32629C6-9347-4F84-81FEAEF7BFA342B3/736B937B-CCA4-4440-B731C5C595C623EA/WebsiteWebP_XL-shutterstock_1895343883.webpd2csxpduxe849s.cloudfront.net/media... https://d2csxpduxe849s.cloudfront.net/media/E32629C6-9347-4F84-81FEAEF7BFA342B3/736B937B-CCA4-4440-B731C5C595C623EA/WebsiteWebP_XL-shutterstock_1895343883.webp — 200 — 112.6 KiB — 139 ms — h2https://brand.frontiersin.org/asset/3b3a148c-bc59-4bea-b9cb-fe26ac5ef292/WebsiteWebP_M/Homepage_Find-a-journal.webpbrand.frontiersin.org/asset/3b3a148... https://brand.frontiersin.org/asset/3b3a148c-bc59-4bea-b9cb-fe26ac5ef292/WebsiteWebP_M/Homepage_Find-a-journal.webp — 200 — 44.2 KiB — 123 ms — h2https://d2csxpduxe849s.cloudfront.net/media/E32629C6-9347-4F84-81FEAEF7BFA342B3/9B31537D-70FD-4F04-A8D7DE5339935284/WebsiteWebP_M-shutterstock_1815514430.webpd2csxpduxe849s.cloudfront.net/media... https://d2csxpduxe849s.cloudfront.net/media/E32629C6-9347-4F84-81FEAEF7BFA342B3/9B31537D-70FD-4F04-A8D7DE5339935284/WebsiteWebP_M-shutterstock_1815514430.webp — 200 — 91.1 KiB — 165 ms — h2https://brand.frontiersin.org/asset/8a7a0253-89a9-429f-a314-8efe8a69e38e/WebsiteWebP_M/In-the-Research-Laboratory-Smart-African-American-Female-Scientist-Wearing-White-Coat-and-Protective-Glasses-Writes-Formula-on-Glass-Whiteboard-References-Her-Tablet-Computer.webpbrand.frontiersin.org/asset/8a7a025... https://brand.frontiersin.org/asset/8a7a0253-89a9-429f-a314-8efe8a69e38e/WebsiteWebP_M/In-the-Research-Laboratory-Smart-African-American-Female-Scientist-Wearing-White-Coat-and-Protective-Glasses-Writes-Formula-on-Glass-Whiteboard-References-Her-Tablet-Computer.webp — 200 — 25.4 KiB — 128 ms — h2https://brand.frontiersin.org/asset/7e3fed46-86be-4f97-87e7-ed62bb167ace/WebsiteWebP_M/Engineers-male-flying-drone-surveying-and-checking-wind-turbines-from-the-high-angle-view-of-the-field-during-beautiful-sunset-using-drone-technology-for-work.webpbrand.frontiersin.org/asset/7e3fed4... https://brand.frontiersin.org/asset/7e3fed46-86be-4f97-87e7-ed62bb167ace/WebsiteWebP_M/Engineers-male-flying-drone-surveying-and-checking-wind-turbines-from-the-high-angle-view-of-the-field-during-beautiful-sunset-using-drone-technology-for-work.webp — 200 — 16.6 KiB — 138 ms — h2https://www.youtube.com/embed/jLJ7ZO3wOW4?rel=0&autoplay=0&mute=0&controls=1&cc_load_policy=0www.youtube.com/embed/jLJ7ZO3wOW4?r... https://www.youtube.com/embed/jLJ7ZO3wOW4?rel=0&autoplay=0&mute=0&controls=1&cc_load_policy=0 — 200 — 56.1 KiB — 180 ms — h2https://brand.frontiersin.org/asset/fe1f84ba-fd90-4b48-9c9d-d59318fb6ff7/WebsiteWebP_M/Female-Scientist-Sits-at-His-Workplace-in-Laboratory-Uses-Personal-Computer-Screen-Shows-Analyze-of-DNA-I-the-Background-Genetics-Research-Centre-with-Innovative-Equipment.webpbrand.frontiersin.org/asset/fe1f84b... https://brand.frontiersin.org/asset/fe1f84ba-fd90-4b48-9c9d-d59318fb6ff7/WebsiteWebP_M/Female-Scientist-Sits-at-His-Workplace-in-Laboratory-Uses-Personal-Computer-Screen-Shows-Analyze-of-DNA-I-the-Background-Genetics-Research-Centre-with-Innovative-Equipment.webp — 200 — 30.2 KiB — 132 ms — h2https://brand.frontiersin.org/asset/6143602b-1e87-45dc-872c-2fba6c6780c3/WebsiteWebP_M/AR25_Thumb-website.webpbrand.frontiersin.org/asset/6143602... https://brand.frontiersin.org/asset/6143602b-1e87-45dc-872c-2fba6c6780c3/WebsiteWebP_M/AR25_Thumb-website.webp — 200 — 20.7 KiB — 140 ms — h2https://brand.frontiersin.org/asset/ad9b058e-1626-4e6e-9e45-f4069875edbf/WebsiteWebP_M/FSCI_Hub_Locke_Nature_positive_Hub-card.webpbrand.frontiersin.org/asset/ad9b058... https://brand.frontiersin.org/asset/ad9b058e-1626-4e6e-9e45-f4069875edbf/WebsiteWebP_M/FSCI_Hub_Locke_Nature_positive_Hub-card.webp — 200 — 60.8 KiB — 146 ms — h2https://brand.frontiersin.org/asset/53dc2a05-bd58-4d6c-bb45-cbd757fe7dd2/WebsiteWebP_M/Artificial-intelligence-Microchip-and-brain-shaped-connections-Electric-pulses-binary-codes-brain-activity-3D-illustration.webpbrand.frontiersin.org/asset/53dc2a0... https://brand.frontiersin.org/asset/53dc2a05-bd58-4d6c-bb45-cbd757fe7dd2/WebsiteWebP_M/Artificial-intelligence-Microchip-and-brain-shaped-connections-Electric-pulses-binary-codes-brain-activity-3D-illustration.webp — 200 — 45.3 KiB — 70 ms — h2https://brand.frontiersin.org/asset/0f35fe33-984f-48c0-b65f-44243d6e4ee9/WebsiteWebP_M/Children-playing-tug-of-war-at-the-park.webpbrand.frontiersin.org/asset/0f35fe3... https://brand.frontiersin.org/asset/0f35fe33-984f-48c0-b65f-44243d6e4ee9/WebsiteWebP_M/Children-playing-tug-of-war-at-the-park.webp — 200 — 43.0 KiB — 76 ms — h2https://brand.frontiersin.org/asset/894e81fb-8e45-40ca-9b9a-80eddb5b8c2c/WebsiteWebP_M/Sunset-on-Mars-Martian-landscape-3D-illustration.webpbrand.frontiersin.org/asset/894e81f... https://brand.frontiersin.org/asset/894e81fb-8e45-40ca-9b9a-80eddb5b8c2c/WebsiteWebP_M/Sunset-on-Mars-Martian-landscape-3D-illustration.webp — 200 — 25.6 KiB — 72 ms — h2https://brand.frontiersin.org/asset/9903653d-5f5f-49e4-af08-0586071e6436/WebsiteWebP_M/Scarisoara-Hall-Credit-Paun-V-I.webpbrand.frontiersin.org/asset/9903653... https://brand.frontiersin.org/asset/9903653d-5f5f-49e4-af08-0586071e6436/WebsiteWebP_M/Scarisoara-Hall-Credit-Paun-V-I.webp — 200 — 45.1 KiB — 79 ms — h2https://brand.frontiersin.org/asset/1abdfa85-1989-4e84-a3ab-240f5ce55c93/WebsiteWebP_M/Kamila-Markram-CNBC-video.webpbrand.frontiersin.org/asset/1abdfa8... https://brand.frontiersin.org/asset/1abdfa85-1989-4e84-a3ab-240f5ce55c93/WebsiteWebP_M/Kamila-Markram-CNBC-video.webp — 200 — 17.3 KiB — 76 ms — h2https://www.youtube.com/s/player/1bb6ee63/www-player.csswww.youtube.com/s/player/1bb6ee63/w... https://www.youtube.com/s/player/1bb6ee63/www-player.css — 200 — 58.0 KiB — 45 ms — h2https://www.youtube.com/s/_/ytembeds/_/ss/k=ytembeds.base.Z3F5ov4G3v8.L.W.O/am=AAAABA/d=0/br=1/rs=AGKMywFC1GFUvUTMfxq9C5Vyf-b95XqJUwwww.youtube.com/s/_/ytembeds/_/ss/k... https://www.youtube.com/s/_/ytembeds/_/ss/k=ytembeds.base.Z3F5ov4G3v8.L.W.O/am=AAAABA/d=0/br=1/rs=AGKMywFC1GFUvUTMfxq9C5Vyf-b95XqJUw — 200 — 45.4 KiB — 58 ms — h2https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/roboto/v48/KFO7CnqEu92Fr1ME7kSn66aGLdTylUAMa3yUBHMdazQ.woff2fonts.gstatic.com/s/roboto/v48/KFO7... https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/roboto/v48/KFO7CnqEu92Fr1ME7kSn66aGLdTylUAMa3yUBHMdazQ.woff2 — 200 — 33.9 KiB — 85 ms — h3https://www.youtube.com/s/_/ytembeds/_/js/k=ytembeds.base.en_US.CYE28xQTWxU.2021.O/am=AAAABA/d=1/br=1/rs=AGKMywGc21Bc99sDrhbnjOkQlq7nTfp_WQ/m=root,basewww.youtube.com/s/_/ytembeds/_/js/k... https://www.youtube.com/s/_/ytembeds/_/js/k=ytembeds.base.en_US.CYE28xQTWxU.2021.O/am=AAAABA/d=1/br=1/rs=AGKMywGc21Bc99sDrhbnjOkQlq7nTfp_WQ/m=root,base — 200 — 193.0 KiB — 79 ms — h2https://www.youtube.com/s/player/1bb6ee63/player_embed_es6.vflset/en_US/base.jswww.youtube.com/s/player/1bb6ee63/p... https://www.youtube.com/s/player/1bb6ee63/player_embed_es6.vflset/en_US/base.js — 200 — 436.0 KiB — 112 ms — h2https://onboarding-ui.frontiersin.org/api/onboarding-ui/v1/session/loggedonboarding-ui.frontiersin.org/api/o... https://onboarding-ui.frontiersin.org/api/onboarding-ui/v1/session/logged — 401 — 176 B — 176 ms — h2https://googleads.g.doubleclick.net/pagead/idgoogleads.g.doubleclick.net/pagead/... https://googleads.g.doubleclick.net/pagead/id — 302 — 23 B — 101 ms — h3https://static.doubleclick.net/instream/ad_status.jsstatic.doubleclick.net/instream/ad_... https://static.doubleclick.net/instream/ad_status.js — 200 — 495 B — 98 ms — h2https://www.youtube.com/s/_/ytembeds/_/js/k=ytembeds.base.en_US.CYE28xQTWxU.2021.O/am=AAAABA/d=1/exm=base,root/ed=1/br=1/rs=AGKMywGc21Bc99sDrhbnjOkQlq7nTfp_WQ/m=r78Drbwww.youtube.com/s/_/ytembeds/_/js/k... https://www.youtube.com/s/_/ytembeds/_/js/k=ytembeds.base.en_US.CYE28xQTWxU.2021.O/am=AAAABA/d=1/exm=base,root/ed=1/br=1/rs=AGKMywGc21Bc99sDrhbnjOkQlq7nTfp_WQ/m=r78Drb — 200 — 146.3 KiB — 71 ms — h3https://static2.frontiersin.org/static-resources/MuseoSans500.woff2static2.frontiersin.org/static-reso... https://static2.frontiersin.org/static-resources/MuseoSans500.woff2 — 200 — 17.9 KiB — 154 ms — h2https://static2.frontiersin.org/static-resources/FrontiersIconography.woff2static2.frontiersin.org/static-reso... https://static2.frontiersin.org/static-resources/FrontiersIconography.woff2 — 200 — 15.0 KiB — 144 ms — h2https://static2.frontiersin.org/static-resources/MuseoSans700.woff2static2.frontiersin.org/static-reso... https://static2.frontiersin.org/static-resources/MuseoSans700.woff2 — 200 — 18.0 KiB — 161 ms — h2https://static2.frontiersin.org/static-resources/MuseoSans300.woff2static2.frontiersin.org/static-reso... https://static2.frontiersin.org/static-resources/MuseoSans300.woff2 — 200 — 17.7 KiB — 168 ms — h2https://brand.frontiersin.org/asset/3b3a148c-bc59-4bea-b9cb-fe26ac5ef292/WebsiteWebP_M/Homepage_Find-a-journal.webpbrand.frontiersin.org/asset/3b3a148... https://brand.frontiersin.org/asset/3b3a148c-bc59-4bea-b9cb-fe26ac5ef292/WebsiteWebP_M/Homepage_Find-a-journal.webp — 200 — 44.2 KiB — 30 ms — h2https://brand.frontiersin.org/asset/8a7a0253-89a9-429f-a314-8efe8a69e38e/WebsiteWebP_M/In-the-Research-Laboratory-Smart-African-American-Female-Scientist-Wearing-White-Coat-and-Protective-Glasses-Writes-Formula-on-Glass-Whiteboard-References-Her-Tablet-Computer.webpbrand.frontiersin.org/asset/8a7a025... https://brand.frontiersin.org/asset/8a7a0253-89a9-429f-a314-8efe8a69e38e/WebsiteWebP_M/In-the-Research-Laboratory-Smart-African-American-Female-Scientist-Wearing-White-Coat-and-Protective-Glasses-Writes-Formula-on-Glass-Whiteboard-References-Her-Tablet-Computer.webp — 200 — 25.4 KiB — 43 ms — h2https://brand.frontiersin.org/asset/7e3fed46-86be-4f97-87e7-ed62bb167ace/WebsiteWebP_M/Engineers-male-flying-drone-surveying-and-checking-wind-turbines-from-the-high-angle-view-of-the-field-during-beautiful-sunset-using-drone-technology-for-work.webpbrand.frontiersin.org/asset/7e3fed4... https://brand.frontiersin.org/asset/7e3fed46-86be-4f97-87e7-ed62bb167ace/WebsiteWebP_M/Engineers-male-flying-drone-surveying-and-checking-wind-turbines-from-the-high-angle-view-of-the-field-during-beautiful-sunset-using-drone-technology-for-work.webp — 200 — 16.5 KiB — 46 ms — h2https://brand.frontiersin.org/asset/fe1f84ba-fd90-4b48-9c9d-d59318fb6ff7/WebsiteWebP_M/Female-Scientist-Sits-at-His-Workplace-in-Laboratory-Uses-Personal-Computer-Screen-Shows-Analyze-of-DNA-I-the-Background-Genetics-Research-Centre-with-Innovative-Equipment.webpbrand.frontiersin.org/asset/fe1f84b... https://brand.frontiersin.org/asset/fe1f84ba-fd90-4b48-9c9d-d59318fb6ff7/WebsiteWebP_M/Female-Scientist-Sits-at-His-Workplace-in-Laboratory-Uses-Personal-Computer-Screen-Shows-Analyze-of-DNA-I-the-Background-Genetics-Research-Centre-with-Innovative-Equipment.webp — 200 — 30.2 KiB — 46 ms — h2https://brand.frontiersin.org/asset/6143602b-1e87-45dc-872c-2fba6c6780c3/WebsiteWebP_M/AR25_Thumb-website.webpbrand.frontiersin.org/asset/6143602... https://brand.frontiersin.org/asset/6143602b-1e87-45dc-872c-2fba6c6780c3/WebsiteWebP_M/AR25_Thumb-website.webp — 200 — 20.7 KiB — 47 ms — h2https://brand.frontiersin.org/asset/ad9b058e-1626-4e6e-9e45-f4069875edbf/WebsiteWebP_M/FSCI_Hub_Locke_Nature_positive_Hub-card.webpbrand.frontiersin.org/asset/ad9b058... https://brand.frontiersin.org/asset/ad9b058e-1626-4e6e-9e45-f4069875edbf/WebsiteWebP_M/FSCI_Hub_Locke_Nature_positive_Hub-card.webp — 200 — 60.8 KiB — 54 ms — h2https://brand.frontiersin.org/asset/53dc2a05-bd58-4d6c-bb45-cbd757fe7dd2/WebsiteWebP_M/Artificial-intelligence-Microchip-and-brain-shaped-connections-Electric-pulses-binary-codes-brain-activity-3D-illustration.webpbrand.frontiersin.org/asset/53dc2a0... https://brand.frontiersin.org/asset/53dc2a05-bd58-4d6c-bb45-cbd757fe7dd2/WebsiteWebP_M/Artificial-intelligence-Microchip-and-brain-shaped-connections-Electric-pulses-binary-codes-brain-activity-3D-illustration.webp — 200 — 45.3 KiB — 47 ms — h2https://brand.frontiersin.org/asset/0f35fe33-984f-48c0-b65f-44243d6e4ee9/WebsiteWebP_M/Children-playing-tug-of-war-at-the-park.webpbrand.frontiersin.org/asset/0f35fe3... https://brand.frontiersin.org/asset/0f35fe33-984f-48c0-b65f-44243d6e4ee9/WebsiteWebP_M/Children-playing-tug-of-war-at-the-park.webp — 200 — 43.0 KiB — 56 ms — h2https://brand.frontiersin.org/asset/894e81fb-8e45-40ca-9b9a-80eddb5b8c2c/WebsiteWebP_M/Sunset-on-Mars-Martian-landscape-3D-illustration.webpbrand.frontiersin.org/asset/894e81f... https://brand.frontiersin.org/asset/894e81fb-8e45-40ca-9b9a-80eddb5b8c2c/WebsiteWebP_M/Sunset-on-Mars-Martian-landscape-3D-illustration.webp — 200 — 25.6 KiB — 57 ms — h2https://brand.frontiersin.org/asset/9903653d-5f5f-49e4-af08-0586071e6436/WebsiteWebP_M/Scarisoara-Hall-Credit-Paun-V-I.webpbrand.frontiersin.org/asset/9903653... https://brand.frontiersin.org/asset/9903653d-5f5f-49e4-af08-0586071e6436/WebsiteWebP_M/Scarisoara-Hall-Credit-Paun-V-I.webp — 200 — 45.1 KiB — 57 ms — h2https://brand.frontiersin.org/asset/1abdfa85-1989-4e84-a3ab-240f5ce55c93/WebsiteWebP_M/Kamila-Markram-CNBC-video.webpbrand.frontiersin.org/asset/1abdfa8... https://brand.frontiersin.org/asset/1abdfa85-1989-4e84-a3ab-240f5ce55c93/WebsiteWebP_M/Kamila-Markram-CNBC-video.webp — 200 — 17.3 KiB — 57 ms — h2https://googleads.g.doubleclick.net/pagead/id?slf_rd=1googleads.g.doubleclick.net/pagead/... https://googleads.g.doubleclick.net/pagead/id?slf_rd=1 — 200 — 146 B — 26 ms — h3https://tag-manager.frontiersin.org/gtm.js?id=GTM-PQWSNCJ&gtm_auth=0HxnYwqN2wpANrd769hTJg&gtm_preview=env-1&gtm_cookies_win=xtag-manager.frontiersin.org/gtm.js?... https://tag-manager.frontiersin.org/gtm.js?id=GTM-PQWSNCJ&gtm_auth=0HxnYwqN2wpANrd769hTJg&gtm_preview=env-1&gtm_cookies_win=x — 200 — 170.5 KiB — 319 ms — h2https://i.ytimg.com/vi_webp/jLJ7ZO3wOW4/sddefault.webpi.ytimg.com/vi_webp/jLJ7ZO3wOW4/sdd... https://i.ytimg.com/vi_webp/jLJ7ZO3wOW4/sddefault.webp — 200 — 19.4 KiB — 81 ms — h2https://www.gstatic.com/youtube/img/icons/mweb/youtube_fill/logo/v2/67px.svgwww.gstatic.com/youtube/img/icons/m... https://www.gstatic.com/youtube/img/icons/mweb/youtube_fill/logo/v2/67px.svg — 200 — 727 B — 92 ms — h2https://www.google.com/js/th/Tsj2rE80jstpz6Q1k9XA1bynyWMKlWaB3UmUIkCsRnA.jswww.google.com/js/th/Tsj2rE80jstpz6... https://www.google.com/js/th/Tsj2rE80jstpz6Q1k9XA1bynyWMKlWaB3UmUIkCsRnA.js — 200 — 23.3 KiB — 65 ms — h3https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=GTM-PQWSNCJ&gtg_health=1www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=... https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=GTM-PQWSNCJ&gtg_health=1 — 200 — 392 B — 79 ms — h2https://tag-manager.frontiersin.org/gtag/js?id=G-MF9DGCL3QL&cx=c&gtm=4e64h1&sign=f6d17a5d8ef69dfe4884c9c206e2cb583cacfdfc230ab33557108e1639b5bd92_20260421tag-manager.frontiersin.org/gtag/js... https://tag-manager.frontiersin.org/gtag/js?id=G-MF9DGCL3QL&cx=c&gtm=4e64h1&sign=f6d17a5d8ef69dfe4884c9c206e2cb583cacfdfc230ab33557108e1639b5bd92_20260421 — 200 — 167.3 KiB — 80 ms — h2https://tag-manager.frontiersin.org/gtm.js?id=GTM-WKF68V4&gtm=4e64h1&sign=f6d17a5d8ef69dfe4884c9c206e2cb583cacfdfc230ab33557108e1639b5bd92_20260421tag-manager.frontiersin.org/gtm.js?... https://tag-manager.frontiersin.org/gtm.js?id=GTM-WKF68V4&gtm=4e64h1&sign=f6d17a5d8ef69dfe4884c9c206e2cb583cacfdfc230ab33557108e1639b5bd92_20260421 — 200 — 136.7 KiB — 84 ms — h2https://tag-manager.frontiersin.org/gtm.js?id=GTM-N7NBS8L&gtm=4e64h1&sign=f6d17a5d8ef69dfe4884c9c206e2cb583cacfdfc230ab33557108e1639b5bd92_20260421tag-manager.frontiersin.org/gtm.js?... https://tag-manager.frontiersin.org/gtm.js?id=GTM-N7NBS8L&gtm=4e64h1&sign=f6d17a5d8ef69dfe4884c9c206e2cb583cacfdfc230ab33557108e1639b5bd92_20260421 — 200 — 112.5 KiB — 83 ms — h2https://tag-manager.frontiersin.org/gtm.js?id=GTM-NB25PW2W&gtm=4e64h1&sign=f6d17a5d8ef69dfe4884c9c206e2cb583cacfdfc230ab33557108e1639b5bd92_20260421tag-manager.frontiersin.org/gtm.js?... https://tag-manager.frontiersin.org/gtm.js?id=GTM-NB25PW2W&gtm=4e64h1&sign=f6d17a5d8ef69dfe4884c9c206e2cb583cacfdfc230ab33557108e1639b5bd92_20260421 — 200 — 114.1 KiB — 102 ms — h2https://www.youtube.com/generate_204?VbNPWwwww.youtube.com/generate_204?VbNPWw https://www.youtube.com/generate_204?VbNPWw — 204 — 10 B — 23 ms — h3https://jnn-pa.googleapis.com/$rpc/google.internal.waa.v1.Waa/GenerateITjnn-pa.googleapis.com/$rpc/google.i... https://jnn-pa.googleapis.com/$rpc/google.internal.waa.v1.Waa/GenerateIT — 200 — 0 B — 97 ms — h2https://cdn.cookielaw.org/scripttemplates/otSDKStub.js?did=1e9ad659-0bd5-4a8a-9508-487c73b460bd&data-document-language=truecdn.cookielaw.org/scripttemplates/o... https://cdn.cookielaw.org/scripttemplates/otSDKStub.js?did=1e9ad659-0bd5-4a8a-9508-487c73b460bd&data-document-language=true — 200 — 9.1 KiB — 100 ms — h2https://static2.frontiersin.org/static-resources/frontiersdtsp-2.18.2.jsstatic2.frontiersin.org/static-reso... https://static2.frontiersin.org/static-resources/frontiersdtsp-2.18.2.js — 200 — 25.8 KiB — 96 ms — h2https://jnn-pa.googleapis.com/$rpc/google.internal.waa.v1.Waa/GenerateITjnn-pa.googleapis.com/$rpc/google.i... https://jnn-pa.googleapis.com/$rpc/google.internal.waa.v1.Waa/GenerateIT — 200 — 312 B — 31 ms — h2https://cdn.cookielaw.org/consent/1e9ad659-0bd5-4a8a-9508-487c73b460bd/1e9ad659-0bd5-4a8a-9508-487c73b460bd.jsoncdn.cookielaw.org/consent/1e9ad659-... https://cdn.cookielaw.org/consent/1e9ad659-0bd5-4a8a-9508-487c73b460bd/1e9ad659-0bd5-4a8a-9508-487c73b460bd.json — 200 — 2.4 KiB — 80 ms — h2https://js-agent.newrelic.com/nr-spa-1.313.1.min.jsjs-agent.newrelic.com/nr-spa-1.313.... https://js-agent.newrelic.com/nr-spa-1.313.1.min.js — 200 — 30.3 KiB — 31 ms — h2https://www.frontiersin.org/favicon.icowww.frontiersin.org/favicon.ico https://www.frontiersin.org/favicon.ico — 200 — 3.3 KiB — 56 ms — h2https://www.frontiersin.org/favicons/android-chrome-192x192.pngwww.frontiersin.org/favicons/androi... https://www.frontiersin.org/favicons/android-chrome-192x192.png — 200 — 7.4 KiB — 38 ms — h2https://bam.nr-data.net/1/598a124f17?a=549916900&v=1.313.1&to=MQcDMkECCkNSW0YMWghNIgldDQFTRxd1IGFJTQ%3D%3D&rst=1977&ck=0&s=219d626914149bb7&ref=https://www.frontiersin.org/&ptid=02704348f8dd4e8c&tt=708bb7296ec50c69&af=err,spa,xhr,stn,ins&ap=1.666041&be=311&fe=1610&dc=625&fsh=1&perf=%7B%22timing%22:%7B%22of%22:1776796650828,%22n%22:0,%22f%22:110,%22dn%22:112,%22dne%22:118,%22c%22:118,%22s%22:134,%22ce%22:172,%22rq%22:172,%22rp%22:311,%22rpe%22:334,%22di%22:464,%22ds%22:930,%22de%22:936,%22dc%22:1917,%22l%22:1917,%22le%22:1921%7D,%22navigation%22:%7B%7D%7Dbam.nr-data.net/1/598a124f17?a=5499... https://bam.nr-data.net/1/598a124f17?a=549916900&v=1.313.1&to=MQcDMkECCkNSW0YMWghNIgldDQFTRxd1IGFJTQ%3D%3D&rst=1977&ck=0&s=219d626914149bb7&ref=https://www.frontiersin.org/&ptid=02704348f8dd4e8c&tt=708bb7296ec50c69&af=err,spa,xhr,stn,ins&ap=1.666041&be=311&fe=1610&dc=625&fsh=1&perf=%7B%22timing%22:%7B%22of%22:1776796650828,%22n%22:0,%22f%22:110,%22dn%22:112,%22dne%22:118,%22c%22:118,%22s%22:134,%22ce%22:172,%22rq%22:172,%22rp%22:311,%22rpe%22:334,%22di%22:464,%22ds%22:930,%22de%22:936,%22dc%22:1917,%22l%22:1917,%22le%22:1921%7D,%22navigation%22:%7B%7D%7D — 200 — 732 B — 142 ms — http/1.1https://geolocation.onetrust.com/cookieconsentpub/v1/geo/locationgeolocation.onetrust.com/cookiecons... https://geolocation.onetrust.com/cookieconsentpub/v1/geo/location — 200 — 281 B — 101 ms — h2https://cdn.cookielaw.org/scripttemplates/202501.2.0/otBannerSdk.jscdn.cookielaw.org/scripttemplates/2... https://cdn.cookielaw.org/scripttemplates/202501.2.0/otBannerSdk.js — 200 — 114.5 KiB — 52 ms — h2https://bam.nr-data.net/events/1/598a124f17?a=549916900&v=1.313.1&to=MQcDMkECCkNSW0YMWghNIgldDQFTRxd1IGFJTQ%3D%3D&rst=2129&ck=0&s=219d626914149bb7&ref=https://www.frontiersin.org/&ptid=02704348f8dd4e8cbam.nr-data.net/events/1/598a124f17... https://bam.nr-data.net/events/1/598a124f17?a=549916900&v=1.313.1&to=MQcDMkECCkNSW0YMWghNIgldDQFTRxd1IGFJTQ%3D%3D&rst=2129&ck=0&s=219d626914149bb7&ref=https://www.frontiersin.org/&ptid=02704348f8dd4e8c — 200 — 421 B — 108 ms — http/1.1https://bam.nr-data.net/jserrors/1/598a124f17?a=549916900&v=1.313.1&to=MQcDMkECCkNSW0YMWghNIgldDQFTRxd1IGFJTQ%3D%3D&rst=2131&ck=0&s=219d626914149bb7&ref=https://www.frontiersin.org/&ptid=02704348f8dd4e8cbam.nr-data.net/jserrors/1/598a124f... https://bam.nr-data.net/jserrors/1/598a124f17?a=549916900&v=1.313.1&to=MQcDMkECCkNSW0YMWghNIgldDQFTRxd1IGFJTQ%3D%3D&rst=2131&ck=0&s=219d626914149bb7&ref=https://www.frontiersin.org/&ptid=02704348f8dd4e8c — 200 — 421 B — 107 ms — http/1.1https://bam.nr-data.net/events/1/598a124f17?a=549916900&v=1.313.1&to=MQcDMkECCkNSW0YMWghNIgldDQFTRxd1IGFJTQ%3D%3D&rst=2133&ck=0&s=219d626914149bb7&ref=https://www.frontiersin.org/&ptid=02704348f8dd4e8cbam.nr-data.net/events/1/598a124f17... https://bam.nr-data.net/events/1/598a124f17?a=549916900&v=1.313.1&to=MQcDMkECCkNSW0YMWghNIgldDQFTRxd1IGFJTQ%3D%3D&rst=2133&ck=0&s=219d626914149bb7&ref=https://www.frontiersin.org/&ptid=02704348f8dd4e8c — 200 — 421 B — 107 ms — http/1.1https://bam.nr-data.net/events/1/598a124f17?a=549916900&v=1.313.1&to=MQcDMkECCkNSW0YMWghNIgldDQFTRxd1IGFJTQ%3D%3D&rst=2134&ck=0&s=219d626914149bb7&ref=https://www.frontiersin.org/&ptid=02704348f8dd4e8cbam.nr-data.net/events/1/598a124f17... https://bam.nr-data.net/events/1/598a124f17?a=549916900&v=1.313.1&to=MQcDMkECCkNSW0YMWghNIgldDQFTRxd1IGFJTQ%3D%3D&rst=2134&ck=0&s=219d626914149bb7&ref=https://www.frontiersin.org/&ptid=02704348f8dd4e8c — 200 — 421 B — 105 ms — http/1.1https://bam.nr-data.net/browser/logs?browser_monitoring_key=598a124f17bam.nr-data.net/browser/logs?browse... https://bam.nr-data.net/browser/logs?browser_monitoring_key=598a124f17 — 200 — 421 B — 211 ms — http/1.1https://cdn.cookielaw.org/consent/1e9ad659-0bd5-4a8a-9508-487c73b460bd/0193d015-3bad-7000-833c-774f1d2664b8/en.jsoncdn.cookielaw.org/consent/1e9ad659-... https://cdn.cookielaw.org/consent/1e9ad659-0bd5-4a8a-9508-487c73b460bd/0193d015-3bad-7000-833c-774f1d2664b8/en.json — 200 — 19.4 KiB — 37 ms — h2https://tag-manager.frontiersin.org/com.snowplowanalytics.snowplow/tp2tag-manager.frontiersin.org/com.sno... https://tag-manager.frontiersin.org/com.snowplowanalytics.snowplow/tp2 — 200 — 0 B — 107 ms — h2https://cdn.cookielaw.org/scripttemplates/202501.2.0/assets/otFlat.jsoncdn.cookielaw.org/scripttemplates/2... https://cdn.cookielaw.org/scripttemplates/202501.2.0/assets/otFlat.json — 200 — 3.1 KiB — 37 ms — h2https://cdn.cookielaw.org/scripttemplates/202501.2.0/assets/v2/otPcCenter.jsoncdn.cookielaw.org/scripttemplates/2... https://cdn.cookielaw.org/scripttemplates/202501.2.0/assets/v2/otPcCenter.json — 200 — 12.9 KiB — 32 ms — h2https://cdn.cookielaw.org/scripttemplates/202501.2.0/assets/otCommonStyles.csscdn.cookielaw.org/scripttemplates/2... https://cdn.cookielaw.org/scripttemplates/202501.2.0/assets/otCommonStyles.css — 200 — 4.3 KiB — 34 ms — h2https://tag-manager.frontiersin.org/g/collect?v=2&tid=G-MF9DGCL3QL&gtm=45he64h1v882348320z89104998620za20kzb9126675610zd9126675610&_p=1776796651923&gcs=G100&gcd=13p3pPp2p5l1&npa=1&dma_cps=-&dma=1&gdid=dYWJhMj&ecid=507994052&_eu=AAAAAGA&_fplc=0&are=1&cid=1197943811.1776796653&frm=0&pscdl=denied&rcb=17&sr=412x823&uaa=&uab=64&uafvl=Chromium%3B147.0.7727.101%7CNot.A%252FBrand%3B8.0.0.0&uam=moto%20g%20power%20(2022)&uamb=1&uap=Android&uapv=11.0&uaw=0&ul=en-us&ur=&sst.rnd=1130993073.1776796653&sst.tft=1776796651923&sst.lpc=106351188&sst.navt=n&sst.ude=0&gaf=2&_s=1&tag_exp=0~115938466~115938468~117266400~118463262&uid=&sid=1776796652&sct=1&seg=0&dl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.frontiersin.org%2F&dt=Frontiers%20%7C%20Publisher%20of%20peer-reviewed%20articles%20in%20open%20access%20journals&_tu=BA&en=page_view&_fv=1&_nsi=1&_ss=1&gap.gtb=2&ep.container_id=GTM-NB25PW2W&epn.app_id=1&ep.page_hostname=www.frontiersin.org&tfd=2294&richsstssetag-manager.frontiersin.org/g/colle... https://tag-manager.frontiersin.org/g/collect?v=2&tid=G-MF9DGCL3QL&gtm=45he64h1v882348320z89104998620za20kzb9126675610zd9126675610&_p=1776796651923&gcs=G100&gcd=13p3pPp2p5l1&npa=1&dma_cps=-&dma=1&gdid=dYWJhMj&ecid=507994052&_eu=AAAAAGA&_fplc=0&are=1&cid=1197943811.1776796653&frm=0&pscdl=denied&rcb=17&sr=412x823&uaa=&uab=64&uafvl=Chromium%3B147.0.7727.101%7CNot.A%252FBrand%3B8.0.0.0&uam=moto%20g%20power%20(2022)&uamb=1&uap=Android&uapv=11.0&uaw=0&ul=en-us&ur=&sst.rnd=1130993073.1776796653&sst.tft=1776796651923&sst.lpc=106351188&sst.navt=n&sst.ude=0&gaf=2&_s=1&tag_exp=0~115938466~115938468~117266400~118463262&uid=&sid=1776796652&sct=1&seg=0&dl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.frontiersin.org%2F&dt=Frontiers%20%7C%20Publisher%20of%20peer-reviewed%20articles%20in%20open%20access%20journals&_tu=BA&en=page_view&_fv=1&_nsi=1&_ss=1&gap.gtb=2&ep.container_id=GTM-NB25PW2W&epn.app_id=1&ep.page_hostname=www.frontiersin.org&tfd=2294&richsstsse — 200 — 244 B — 42 ms — h2https://cdn.cookielaw.org/logos/static/ot_guard_logo.svgcdn.cookielaw.org/logos/static/ot_g... https://cdn.cookielaw.org/logos/static/ot_guard_logo.svg — 200 — 531 B — 29 ms — h2https://cdn.cookielaw.org/logos/e7701c5d-5192-47e9-a4ce-1ea9fe52e7f1/9ada51fd-4243-488d-95e9-4c66173cb4f2/ae9be8b2-209f-4b2c-8812-1e46187618be/logo_frontiers.pngcdn.cookielaw.org/logos/e7701c5d-51... https://cdn.cookielaw.org/logos/e7701c5d-5192-47e9-a4ce-1ea9fe52e7f1/9ada51fd-4243-488d-95e9-4c66173cb4f2/ae9be8b2-209f-4b2c-8812-1e46187618be/logo_frontiers.png — 200 — 10.7 KiB — 31 ms — h2https://cdn.cookielaw.org/logos/static/powered_by_logo.svgcdn.cookielaw.org/logos/static/powe... https://cdn.cookielaw.org/logos/static/powered_by_logo.svg — 200 — 2.6 KiB — 41 ms — h2https://tag-manager.frontiersin.org/com.snowplowanalytics.snowplow/tp2tag-manager.frontiersin.org/com.sno... https://tag-manager.frontiersin.org/com.snowplowanalytics.snowplow/tp2 — 200 — 206 B — 66 ms — h2https://www.youtube.com/youtubei/v1/log_event?alt=jsonwww.youtube.com/youtubei/v1/log_eve... https://www.youtube.com/youtubei/v1/log_event?alt=json — 200 — 50 B — 103 ms — h3
HTML JavaScript CSS Images Fonts XHR/Fetch Other
Third-Party Script Cost
Per-script blocking time, transfer cost, and cache headers
INFO
100% of JavaScript execution is third-party
First-party Third-party 5183ms · 1724KB · €56/mo
www.frontiersin.org
Other
Costly
Execution 1364ms
Transfer 38 KB
Monthly Cost €15/mo
tag-manager.frontiersin.org
Other
Costly
Execution 730ms
Transfer 137 KB
Unused 46%
Monthly Cost €8/mo
www.frontiersin.org
Other
Costly
Execution 648ms
Transfer 666 KB
Unused 67%
Monthly Cost €7/mo
Unattributable
Other
Costly
Execution 503ms
Transfer 0 KB
Monthly Cost €5/mo
tag-manager.frontiersin.org
Other
Costly
Execution 499ms
Transfer 171 KB
Unused 47%
Monthly Cost €5/mo
www.frontiersin.org
Other
Costly
Execution 382ms
Transfer 58 KB
Monthly Cost €4/mo
tag-manager.frontiersin.org
Other
Costly
Execution 281ms
Transfer 167 KB
Unused 41%
Monthly Cost €3/mo
OneTrust
Consent
Essential
Execution 268ms
Transfer 114 KB
Unused 53%
Monthly Cost €3/mo
js-agent.newrelic.com
Other
Optional
Execution 170ms
Transfer 30 KB
Monthly Cost €2/mo
tag-manager.frontiersin.org
Other
Optional
Execution 145ms
Transfer 113 KB
Unused 58%
Monthly Cost €2/mo
tag-manager.frontiersin.org
Other
Optional
Execution 86ms
Transfer 114 KB
Unused 57%
Monthly Cost €1/mo
www.frontiersin.org
Other
Optional
Execution 55ms
Transfer 91 KB
Unused 40%
Monthly Cost €1/mo
static2.frontiersin.org
Other
Optional
Execution 51ms
Transfer 26 KB
Monthly Cost €1/mo

These scripts may cost more than they're worth

  • www.frontiersin.org adds 1364ms and costs ~€15/month
  • tag-manager.frontiersin.org adds 730ms and costs ~€8/month
  • www.frontiersin.org adds 648ms and costs ~€7/month
  • Unattributable adds 503ms and costs ~€5/month
  • tag-manager.frontiersin.org adds 499ms and costs ~€5/month
  • www.frontiersin.org adds 382ms and costs ~€4/month
  • tag-manager.frontiersin.org adds 281ms and costs ~€3/month

100% of JavaScript execution time is spent on third-party scripts. Consider auditing which scripts are essential.

Why this matters

When third-party JS execution time exceeds your own, performance gains from frontend work are capped by code you don't own.

Learn more ▾

Every millisecond of third-party JS competes with your own for main-thread time. If their share is bigger than yours, optimization on your code base barely moves the needle. Audit, defer, or remove third-parties before further frontend optimization. Use Lighthouse's third-party audit to identify the worst offenders.

Source: web.dev

www.frontiersin.org takes 1364ms of CPU time. Consider loading it asynchronously or replacing it with a lighter alternative.

Why this matters

This script has high main-thread execution time — optimize hot paths or defer.

Source: web.dev

tag-manager.frontiersin.org takes 730ms of CPU time. Consider loading it asynchronously or replacing it with a lighter alternative.

Why this matters

This script has high main-thread execution time — optimize hot paths or defer.

Source: web.dev

www.frontiersin.org takes 648ms of CPU time. Consider loading it asynchronously or replacing it with a lighter alternative.

Why this matters

This script has high main-thread execution time — optimize hot paths or defer.

Source: web.dev

67% of www.frontiersin.org's code is unused. The script may be loading features you don't use.

Why this matters

Bundle has high unused-code ratio — tree-shaking and route-splitting recover the wasted bytes.

Source: web.dev

Unattributable takes 503ms of CPU time. Consider loading it asynchronously or replacing it with a lighter alternative.

Why this matters

This script has high main-thread execution time — optimize hot paths or defer.

Source: web.dev

tag-manager.frontiersin.org takes 499ms of CPU time. Consider loading it asynchronously or replacing it with a lighter alternative.

Why this matters

This script has high main-thread execution time — optimize hot paths or defer.

Source: web.dev

www.frontiersin.org takes 382ms of CPU time. Consider loading it asynchronously or replacing it with a lighter alternative.

Why this matters

This script has high main-thread execution time — optimize hot paths or defer.

Source: web.dev

tag-manager.frontiersin.org takes 281ms of CPU time. Consider loading it asynchronously or replacing it with a lighter alternative.

Why this matters

This script has high main-thread execution time — optimize hot paths or defer.

Source: web.dev

53% of OneTrust's code is unused. The script may be loading features you don't use.

Why this matters

Bundle has high unused-code ratio — tree-shaking and route-splitting recover the wasted bytes.

Source: web.dev

58% of tag-manager.frontiersin.org's code is unused. The script may be loading features you don't use.

Why this matters

Bundle has high unused-code ratio — tree-shaking and route-splitting recover the wasted bytes.

Source: web.dev

57% of tag-manager.frontiersin.org's code is unused. The script may be loading features you don't use.

Why this matters

Bundle has high unused-code ratio — tree-shaking and route-splitting recover the wasted bytes.

Source: web.dev

How third-party costs are calculated

All checks on this page are automated. Results are estimates - run targeted manual reviews when the score affects a release decision.

Send Feedback