Lighthouse Desktop

· 0 checks — Desktop Lighthouse audit -- Performance, Accessibility, Best Practices, and SEO category breakdown.

SCORE

GRADE

FIX

REVIEW

PASS

INFO

Detailed Report

Audit breakdown by category with detailed findings.

Performance

Insights

Remove large, duplicate JavaScript modules from bundles to reduce unnecessary bytes consumed by network activity.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Polyfills and transforms enable older browsers to use new JavaScript features. However, many aren't necessary for modern browsers. Consider modifying your JavaScript build process to not transpile Baseline features, unless you know you must support older browsers. Learn why most sites can deploy ES6+ code without transpiling

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

3rd party code can significantly impact load performance. Reduce and defer loading of 3rd party code to prioritize your page's content.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Reducing the download time of images can improve the perceived load time of the page and LCP. Learn more about optimizing image size

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

	URL	Resource Size	Est Savings
Middle East Map `ul.glide__slides > li.glide__slide > search-ui-pharos-image-card > img`	/assets/long-lived_20201006/images/thematic-carousel/Midd...	313.0 KiB	309.8 KiB
Detail of 17th-century nautical chart depicting the English Channel and decorat… `ul.glide__slides > li.glide__slide > picture > img`	/assets/long-lived_20201006/images/hero/jstor_homepageher...	292.1 KiB	209.0 KiB
TRIANGULAR DYNAMICS: US RESPONSE TO CHINA’S ASSERTIVENESS IN THE MIDDLE EAST `ul.glide__slides > li.glide__slide > search-ui-pharos-image-card > img`	/assets/long-lived_20201006/images/thematic-carousel/Mont...	235.3 KiB	149.4 KiB
US POLICY IN THE MIDDLE EAST: THIRD QUARTER 2025 REPORT CARD: A Quarterly Asses… `ul.glide__slides > li.glide__slide > search-ui-pharos-image-card > img`	/assets/long-lived_20201006/images/thematic-carousel/Katu...	132.5 KiB	128.4 KiB
Cover and inside page from alternative publication Overthrow `ul > li > search-ui-pharos-image-card > img`	/assets/long-lived_20201006/images/new-avenues/alternativ...	196.8 KiB	118.6 KiB
The U.S. Policy towards Post-Saddam Iraq: Implications for the Middle Eastern R… `ul.glide__slides > li.glide__slide > search-ui-pharos-image-card > img`	/assets/long-lived_20201006/images/thematic-carousel/Naqv...	107.0 KiB	102.2 KiB
Do Campaign Speeches Predict Foreign Policy? An Operational Code and Leadership… `ul.glide__slides > li.glide__slide > search-ui-pharos-image-card > img`	/assets/long-lived_20201006/images/thematic-carousel/ZDAM...	88.8 KiB	84.0 KiB
KUWAIT. Gulf War Aftermath. KUWAIT. 1991. The Persian Gulf. `ul.glide__slides > li.glide__slide > search-ui-pharos-image-card > img`	/assets/long-lived_20201006/images/thematic-carousel/McCu...	84.5 KiB	82.9 KiB
Strained Ties: Saudi Arabia and the War in Yemen `ul.glide__slides > li.glide__slide > search-ui-pharos-image-card > img`	/assets/long-lived_20201006/images/thematic-carousel/LANT...	87.6 KiB	82.8 KiB
Metaphor, the Middle East, and the American Imagination `ul.glide__slides > li.glide__slide > search-ui-pharos-image-card > img`	/assets/long-lived_20201006/images/thematic-carousel/Fowl...	85.5 KiB	80.8 KiB
Golden figure of a scarab with bird’s wings `ul.glide__slides > li.glide__slide > picture > img`	/assets/long-lived_20201006/images/hero/jstor_homepageher...	135.5 KiB	69.2 KiB
search-ui-pharos-layout.negate-nav-bottom-margin > section.collection-showcase--browse > div.collection-showcase__images > img `search-ui-pharos-layout.negate-nav-bottom-margin > section.collection-showcase--browse > div.collection-showcase__images > img`	/assets/long-lived_20201006/images/browse-by-collection-c...	75.9 KiB	67.2 KiB
search-ui-pharos-layout.negate-nav-bottom-margin > section.collection-showcase--browse > div.collection-showcase__images > img `search-ui-pharos-layout.negate-nav-bottom-margin > section.collection-showcase--browse > div.collection-showcase__images > img`	/assets/long-lived_20201006/images/browse-by-collection-c...	72.8 KiB	64.4 KiB
Detail of a painting depicting the landscape of New Mexico with mountains in th… `ul.glide__slides > li.glide__slide > picture > img`	/assets/long-lived_20201006/images/hero/jstor_homepageher...	118.0 KiB	60.3 KiB
search-ui-pharos-layout.negate-nav-bottom-margin > section.collection-showcase--browse > div.collection-showcase__images > img `search-ui-pharos-layout.negate-nav-bottom-margin > section.collection-showcase--browse > div.collection-showcase__images > img`	/assets/long-lived_20201006/images/browse-by-collection-c...	60.6 KiB	56.0 KiB
Floundering Stability: US Foreign Policy in Egypt `ul.glide__slides > li.glide__slide > search-ui-pharos-image-card > img`	/assets/long-lived_20201006/images/thematic-carousel/Kame...	58.3 KiB	53.6 KiB
Detail of a print depicting a woman’s face and decorative abstract patterns `ul.glide__slides > li.glide__slide > picture > img`	/assets/long-lived_20201006/images/hero/jstor_homepageher...	92.9 KiB	47.4 KiB
US Military Bases in the Gulf: Better Upset than Sorry? `ul.glide__slides > li.glide__slide > search-ui-pharos-image-card > img`	/assets/long-lived_20201006/images/thematic-carousel/Kuwa...	42.3 KiB	40.0 KiB
search-ui-pharos-layout.negate-nav-bottom-margin > section.collection-showcase--browse > div.collection-showcase__images > img `search-ui-pharos-layout.negate-nav-bottom-margin > section.collection-showcase--browse > div.collection-showcase__images > img`	/assets/long-lived_20201006/images/browse-by-collection-c...	41.2 KiB	39.4 KiB
search-ui-pharos-layout.negate-nav-bottom-margin > section.collection-showcase--browse > div.collection-showcase__images > img `search-ui-pharos-layout.negate-nav-bottom-margin > section.collection-showcase--browse > div.collection-showcase__images > img`	/assets/long-lived_20201006/images/browse-by-collection-c...	42.3 KiB	38.8 KiB
Architectural details and art from the Alhambra palace `ul > li > search-ui-pharos-image-card > img`	www.jstor.org/assets/long-lived_20201006/images/new-avenues/work-with-images.jpg	115.1 KiB	37.0 KiB
search-ui-pharos-layout.negate-nav-bottom-margin > section.collection-showcase--browse > div.collection-showcase__images > img `search-ui-pharos-layout.negate-nav-bottom-margin > section.collection-showcase--browse > div.collection-showcase__images > img`	/assets/long-lived_20201006/images/browse-by-collection-c...	38.9 KiB	35.0 KiB
Calming the Red Sea’s Turbulent Waters `ul.glide__slides > li.glide__slide > search-ui-pharos-image-card > img`	/assets/long-lived_20201006/images/thematic-carousel/Grou...	32.6 KiB	30.8 KiB
Vintage photograph of a woman looking through a picture frame `ul > li > search-ui-pharos-image-card > img`	/assets/long-lived_20201006/images/new-avenues/artstor-im...	96.1 KiB	17.9 KiB

Optimize LCP by making the LCP image discoverable from the HTML immediately, and avoiding lazy-loading

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

lhId: page-13-IMG

nodeLabel: Detail of a painting depicting the landscape of New Mexico with mountains in th…

path: 1,HTML,1,BODY,10,MAIN,1,DIV,0,SEARCH-UI-PHAROS-LAYOUT,3,SECTION,0,DIV,0,UL,0,LI,0,PICTURE,2,IMG

selector: ul.glide__slides > li.glide__slide > picture > img

snippet: <img src="https://www.jstor.org/assets/long-lived_20201006/images/hero/jstor_homepag…" alt="Detail of a painting depicting the landscape of New Mexico with mountains …">

Avoid chaining critical requests by reducing the length of chains, reducing the download size of resources, or deferring the download of unnecessary resources to improve page load.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

description: [preconnect](https://developer.chrome.com/docs/lighthouse/performance/uses-rel-preconnect/) hints help the browser establish a connection earlier in the page load, saving time when the first request for that origin is made. The following are the origins that the page preconnected to.

title: Preconnected origins

description: Add [preconnect](https://developer.chrome.com/docs/lighthouse/performance/uses-rel-preconnect/) hints to your most important origins, but try to use no more than 4.

title: Preconnect candidates

Requests are blocking the page's initial render, which may delay LCP. Deferring or inlining can move these network requests out of the critical path.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

URL	Transfer Size	Duration
cdn.cookielaw.org/scripttemplates/otSDKStub.js	9.1 KiB	264 ms

A long cache lifetime can speed up repeat visits to your page. Learn more about caching.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Request	Cache TTL	Transfer Size
cdn.cookielaw.org/scripttemplates/202505.1.0/otBannerSdk.js	86400.0 s	118.8 KiB
cdn.cookielaw.org/scripttemplates/otSDKStub.js	86400.0 s	9.1 KiB
/logos/99ea8c60-69eb-47d7-a6da-8d0d59407ae8/a89a225e-7120...	86400.0 s	7.1 KiB
cdn.cookielaw.org/logos/static/powered_by_logo.svg	86400.0 s	2.7 KiB

Your first network request is the most important. Reduce its latency by avoiding redirects, ensuring a fast server response, and enabling text compression.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

These insights are also available in the Chrome DevTools Performance Panel - record a trace to view more detailed information.

Redirects introduce additional delays before the page can be loaded. Learn how to avoid page redirects.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Estimated savings: 246 ms

URL	Time Spent
jstor.org/	246 ms
www.jstor.org/	0.0 ms

Time to Interactive is the amount of time it takes for the page to become fully interactive. Learn more about the Time to Interactive metric.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

TTI

The maximum potential First Input Delay that your users could experience is the duration of the longest task. Learn more about the Maximum Potential First Input Delay metric.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Diagnostics

Reduce unused JavaScript and defer loading scripts until they are required to decrease bytes consumed by network activity. Learn how to reduce unused JavaScript.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Estimated savings: 40 ms 676.1 KiB

URL	Transfer Size	Est Savings
www.jstor.org/assets/global_20251201T215504/build/global/js/global.min.js	136.6 KiB	106.0 KiB
/mfe-copper-roof/header/0becc8f3/ithaka-sentry-monitoring...	112.9 KiB	96.8 KiB
/mfe-copper-roof/query-builder/0b448bab/ithaka-sentry-mon...	108.6 KiB	95.5 KiB
cdn.cookielaw.org/scripttemplates/202505.1.0/otBannerSdk.js	118.6 KiB	62.4 KiB
www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=GTM-N6GDC22	179.5 KiB	50.7 KiB
/mfe-copper-roof/access-workflow/8e13cdaf/vueuse-core_14_...	45.3 KiB	42.0 KiB
/mfe-copper-roof/header/0becc8f3/graphql_16_12_0.ad3ea3a5...	42.0 KiB	32.7 KiB
/mfe-copper-roof/header/0becc8f3/css-loader_7_1_4.8628ef7...	55.8 KiB	28.7 KiB
/mfe-copper-roof/provider-designation-statement/f3b07e9a/...	45.2 KiB	24.3 KiB
www.jstor.org/mfe-copper-roof/footer/68fef919/vue_3_5_26.dabfd7ee9635f42e057b.js	43.7 KiB	23.8 KiB
/mfe-copper-roof/query-builder/0b448bab/vue_3_5_13.f4a518...	42.7 KiB	23.6 KiB
/mfe-copper-roof/access-workflow/8e13cdaf/css-loader_7_1_...	44.9 KiB	23.6 KiB
/mfe-copper-roof/header/0becc8f3/react-dom_19_2_4.57e05c9...	55.1 KiB	23.4 KiB
/mfe-copper-roof/prompt/6b866a17/css-loader_7_1_2.9a74589...	38.8 KiB	21.5 KiB
www.jstor.org/assets/search-ui_20250818T182451/build/2443.js	53.6 KiB	20.9 KiB

Minifying CSS files can reduce network payload sizes. Learn how to minify CSS.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Estimated savings: 0.0 ms 29.1 KiB

URL	Transfer Size	Est Savings
:root{--pharos-asset-icon-academic-content: assets/icons/academic-content.svg;--pharos-asset-icon-a…	25.0 KiB	17.9 KiB
.query-builder[data-v-6538993e]{position:relative} …	6.5 KiB	6.0 KiB
mfe-footer-pharos-footer[data-v-45c0556b]{background-color:var(--pharos-color-marble-gray-10)} …	5.4 KiB	5.3 KiB

Reduce unused rules from stylesheets and defer CSS not used for above-the-fold content to decrease bytes consumed by network activity. Learn how to reduce unused CSS.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Estimated savings: 0.0 ms 37.6 KiB

URL	Transfer Size	Est Savings
	22.0 KiB	19.3 KiB
:root{--pharos-asset-icon-academic-content: assets/icons/academic-content.svg;--pharos-asset-icon-a…	25.0 KiB	18.3 KiB

Large network payloads cost users real money and are highly correlated with long load times. Learn how to reduce payload sizes.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

URL	Transfer Size
/assets/long-lived_20201006/images/thematic-carousel/Midd...	313.5 KiB
/assets/long-lived_20201006/images/hero/jstor_homepageher...	292.5 KiB
/assets/long-lived_20201006/images/thematic-carousel/Mont...	235.7 KiB
/assets/long-lived_20201006/images/new-avenues/alternativ...	197.2 KiB
www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=GTM-N6GDC22	179.8 KiB
/assets/long-lived_20201006/images/hero/jstor_homepageher...	144.5 KiB
www.jstor.org/assets/global_20251201T215504/build/global/js/global.min.js	136.7 KiB
/assets/long-lived_20201006/images/hero/jstor_homepageher...	136.0 KiB
/assets/long-lived_20201006/images/thematic-carousel/Katu...	133.0 KiB
cdn.cookielaw.org/scripttemplates/202505.1.0/otBannerSdk.js	118.8 KiB

Set an explicit width and height on image elements to reduce layout shifts and improve CLS. Learn how to set image dimensions

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

	URL
Detail of a painting depicting the landscape of New Mexico with mountains in th… `ul.glide__slides > li.glide__slide > picture > img`	/assets/long-lived_20201006/images/hero/jstor_homepageher...
Detail of a print depicting a woman’s face and decorative abstract patterns `ul.glide__slides > li.glide__slide > picture > img`	/assets/long-lived_20201006/images/hero/jstor_homepageher...
Golden figure of a scarab with bird’s wings `ul.glide__slides > li.glide__slide > picture > img`	/assets/long-lived_20201006/images/hero/jstor_homepageher...
Detail of 17th-century nautical chart depicting the English Channel and decorat… `ul.glide__slides > li.glide__slide > picture > img`	/assets/long-lived_20201006/images/hero/jstor_homepageher...
Detail of a black and white photograph of Maya children lined up by a blackboard `ul.glide__slides > li.glide__slide > picture > img`	/assets/long-lived_20201006/images/hero/jstor_homepageher...
search-ui-pharos-layout.negate-nav-bottom-margin > section.collection-showcase--browse > div.collection-showcase__images > img `search-ui-pharos-layout.negate-nav-bottom-margin > section.collection-showcase--browse > div.collection-showcase__images > img`	/assets/long-lived_20201006/images/browse-by-collection-c...
Google icon `div.alternate-access-buttons > mfe-access-workflow-pharos-button > span.oauth-button-content > img`	www.jstor.org/mfe-copper-roof/access-workflow/8e13cdaf/c85adc4a978057a34e43.svg
Microsoft icon `div.alternate-access-buttons > mfe-access-workflow-pharos-button > span.oauth-button-content > img`	www.jstor.org/mfe-copper-roof/access-workflow/8e13cdaf/b03ab40117b01c4a477c.svg
Search icon `div.alternate-access-buttons > mfe-access-workflow-pharos-button > span.authentication-button-content > img`	www.jstor.org/mfe-copper-roof/access-workflow/8e13cdaf/9e30a1c3e93948d22d3c.svg
Linked Institutions Icon `div.mfe-provider-designation-statement > div.mfe-provider-designation-statement__provider-designation-statement > span.mfe-provider-designation-statement__has-uuid > img.mfe-provider-designation-statement-icon`	/mfe-copper-roof/provider-designation-statement/f3b07e9a/...

More information about the performance of your application. These numbers don't directly affect the Performance score.

●Layout shift culprits

●Optimize DOM size

●Font display

●Forced reflow

●LCP breakdown

●Modern HTTP

●Optimize viewport for mobile

●Minify JavaScript

●JavaScript execution time 0.6 s

●Minimizes main-thread work 1.7 s

●Avoid long main-thread tasks 4 long tasks found

●Avoid non-composited animations 51 animated elements found

●Page didn't prevent back/forward cache restoration

●Network Requests

●Network Round Trip Times 20 ms

●Server Backend Latencies 20 ms

●Tasks

●Diagnostics

●Metrics

●Screenshot Thumbnails

●Final Screenshot

●Script Treemap Data

●Resources Summary

●Initial server response time was short Root document took 230 ms

●Avoid large layout shifts 11 layout shifts found

○INP breakdown

○User Timing marks and measures

100

Accessibility

These checks highlight opportunities to improve the accessibility of your web app. Automatic detection can only detect a subset of issues and does not guarantee the accessibility of your web app, so manual testing is also encouraged.

○Interactive controls are keyboard focusable

○Interactive elements indicate their purpose and state

○The page has a logical tab order

○Visual order on the page follows DOM order

○User focus is not accidentally trapped in a region

○The user's focus is directed to new content added to the page

○HTML5 landmark elements are used to improve navigation

○Offscreen content is hidden from assistive technology

○Custom controls have associated labels

○Custom controls have ARIA roles

●`[aria-*]` attributes match their roles

●`[aria-hidden="true"]` is not present on the document `<body>`

●`[role]`s have all required `[aria-*]` attributes

●`[role]` values are valid

●`[aria-*]` attributes have valid values

●`[aria-*]` attributes are valid and not misspelled

●Buttons have an accessible name

●Image elements have `[alt]` attributes

●Form elements have associated labels

●`[user-scalable="no"]` is not used in the `<meta name="viewport">` element and the `[maximum-scale]` attribute is not less than 5.

●ARIA attributes are used as specified for the element's role

●Elements with `role="dialog"` or `role="alertdialog"` have accessible names.

●`[aria-hidden="true"]` elements do not contain focusable descendents

●Elements use only permitted ARIA attributes

●Background and foreground colors have a sufficient contrast ratio

●Document has a `<title>` element

●`<html>` element has a `[lang]` attribute

●`<html>` element has a valid value for its `[lang]` attribute

●Links are distinguishable without relying on color.

●Links have a discernible name

●Lists contain only `<li>` elements and script supporting elements (`<script>` and `<template>`).

●List items (`<li>`) are contained within `<ul>`, `<ol>` or `<menu>` parent elements

●No element has a `[tabindex]` value greater than 0

●Touch targets have sufficient size and spacing.

●Heading elements appear in a sequentially-descending order

●Document has a main landmark.

●Deprecated ARIA roles were not used

○`[accesskey]` values are unique

○`button`, `link`, and `menuitem` elements have accessible names

○ARIA input fields have accessible names

○ARIA `meter` elements have accessible names

○ARIA `progressbar` elements have accessible names

○Elements with an ARIA `[role]` that require children to contain a specific `[role]` have all required children.

○`[role]`s are contained by their required parent element

○Elements with the `role=text` attribute do not have focusable descendents.

○ARIA toggle fields have accessible names

○ARIA `tooltip` elements have accessible names

○ARIA `treeitem` elements have accessible names

○The page contains a heading, skip link, or landmark region

○`<dl>`'s contain only properly-ordered `<dt>` and `<dd>` groups, `<script>`, `<template>` or `<div>` elements.

○Definition list items are wrapped in `<dl>` elements

○ARIA IDs are unique

○No form fields have multiple labels

○`<frame>` or `<iframe>` elements have a title

○`<html>` element has an `[xml:lang]` attribute with the same base language as the `[lang]` attribute.

○Input buttons have discernible text.

○`<input type="image">` elements have `[alt]` text

○The document does not use `<meta http-equiv="refresh">`

○`<object>` elements have alternate text

○Select elements have associated label elements.

○Skip links are focusable.

○Cells in a `<table>` element that use the `[headers]` attribute refer to table cells within the same table.

○`<th>` elements and elements with `[role="columnheader"/"rowheader"]` have data cells they describe.

○`[lang]` attributes have a valid value

○`<video>` elements contain a `<track>` element with `[kind="captions"]`

○Tables have different content in the summary attribute and `<caption>`.

○All heading elements contain content.

○Uses ARIA roles only on compatible elements

○Image elements do not have `[alt]` attributes that are redundant text.

○Identical links have the same purpose.

○Elements with visible text labels have matching accessible names.

○Tables use `<caption>` instead of cells with the `[colspan]` attribute to indicate a caption.

○`<td>` elements in a large `<table>` have one or more table headers.

100

Best Practices

●Uses HTTPS

●Avoids deprecated APIs

●Avoids third-party cookies

●Allows users to paste into input fields

●Avoids requesting the geolocation permission on page load

●Avoids requesting the notification permission on page load

●Displays images with correct aspect ratio

●Serves images with appropriate resolution

●Page has the HTML doctype

●Properly defines charset

●No browser errors logged to the console

●No issues in the `Issues` panel in Chrome Devtools

●Ensure CSP is effective against XSS attacks

●Use a strong HSTS policy

●Ensure proper origin isolation with COOP

●Mitigate DOM-based XSS with Trusted Types

●Detected JavaScript libraries

●Page has valid source maps

○Redirects HTTP traffic to HTTPS

○Mitigate clickjacking with XFO or CSP

SEO

These checks ensure that your page is following basic search engine optimization advice. There are many additional factors Lighthouse does not score here that may affect your search ranking, including performance on Core Web Vitals. Learn more about Google Search Essentials.

Crawling and Indexing

Search engines may use `href` attributes on links to crawl websites. Ensure that the `href` attribute of anchor elements links to an appropriate destination, so more pages of the site can be discovered. Learn how to make links crawlable

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Uncrawlable Link
a#link-element `a#link-element`

To appear in search results, crawlers need access to your app.

○Structured data is valid

●Page isn’t blocked from indexing

●Document has a `<title>` element

●Document has a meta description

●Page has successful HTTP status code

●Links have descriptive text

●robots.txt is valid

●Image elements have `[alt]` attributes

●Document has a valid `hreflang`

●Document has a valid `rel=canonical`