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https://ons.gov.uk

Accessibility

· 13 checks — Landmarks, headings, alt text, forms, and link quality rolled into one auditable list.
SCORE
62
GRADE
D
FIX
5
REVIEW
2
PASS
6
INFO
0
Checks
13
6 PASS 2 REVIEW 5 FIX
F
Favicon & Branding
Action
1 icon(s) detected
FIX
1 icon(s) detected
Info::
favicon.ico present at site root
Info::
No apple-touch-icon detected
iOS devices use this when users add your site to their home screen. Add <link rel='apple-touch-icon' sizes='180x180' href='/apple-touch-icon.png'>.
✓ favicon.ico Present
✗ PNG Icons Missing
✗ Apple Touch Missing
✗ SVG Favicon Missing
✗ Manifest Icons Missing
✗ Multiple Sizes Missing
D
Web Manifest
Action
Not found
FIX
Not found
Info::
No web manifest found
No manifest at standard paths (/manifest.json, /site.webmanifest). A manifest is optional but enables PWA features like home screen installation and standalone display.

No web manifest found.

D
Dark Mode Support
Action
Theme color only
FIX
Theme color only
Info::
Theme-color present but no dark variant
A theme-color is set but no dark-specific variant was found. The browser toolbar may not adapt for dark mode users.
Got: #58595b
Info::
No dark mode signals detected
Consider adding CSS with @media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) and <meta name='color-scheme' content='light dark'>.
Info::
Detection limited to meta tags and inline styles
External CSS files may contain prefers-color-scheme rules not visible to this scan.
Dark ModePartial Dark Mode
color-scheme meta Not set ✗Dark theme-color Not set ✗CSS indicators Not detected ✗

Detection limited to meta tags and inline styles.

D
Print Stylesheet
Action
No print styles
FIX
No print styles
Info::
No print-specific styles detected
When users print this page, they get the screen layout including navigation and non-essential elements. Add @media print rules to hide navigation and optimize layout for paper.
Print Stylesheet No Print Styles
Print stylesheet Not found ✗Inline @media print Not detected ✗
D
Navigation UX
Action
2 navigation pattern(s)
FIX
2 navigation pattern(s)
Info::
Search functionality detected
Got: role-search
Info::
Skip navigation link detected
Info::
2 navigation landmark(s) detected
Breadcrumbs
Search role='search' landmark
Skip Link Skip link detected
Labeled Navigation 2 <nav> element(s)
Back to Top
Hamburger Menu
Sticky Navigation Cannot reliably detect (CSS-based)
3 of 6 testable patterns navigation patterns detected. Strong navigation UX with multiple discovery paths.
B
Alt Text Quality
1 of 13 images have issues
REVIEW
1 of 13 images have issues
Critical::
1 image(s) missing alt attribute
Images without alt text are invisible to screen readers.
Critical::
1 image-in-link without alt text
An image inside a link with no alt creates an empty link.
Info::
10 decorative image(s) correctly marked
Info::
2 image(s) with good alt text
13 images 2 good alt text 10 decorative 1 missing
IssueCount
missing1 image(s)

Images without alt text are invisible to screen readers.

Why this matters

Each image without alt text is a WCAG 1.1.1 failure — invisible to screen-reader users, lost from Google Image Search.

Learn more ▾

WCAG 2.1 Level A requires text alternatives for non-decorative images. Empty alt='' is fine for decorative; meaningful images need descriptive text. Common fixes: CMS audit + bulk add, build-time linter (alt-text-required ESLint rule), CI gate on Lighthouse a11y score.

Source: WCAG 2.1 SC 1.1.1 / WebAIM Million Report

An image inside a link with no alt creates an empty link.

Why this matters

Image-only links with no alt create empty links — screen-reader users hear 'link' with no destination context.

Learn more ▾

An <a><img></a> with no img alt is the worst-case for accessibility: AT announces the link but can't describe where it goes. Either add alt to the image OR add aria-label to the link.

Source: WCAG 2.1 SC 2.4.4

A+
Landmark Structure
24 landmarks
PASS
24 landmarks
Info::
<main> landmark present
Info::
2 <nav> landmark(s) found
Info::
All <nav> elements are properly labeled
Info::
Skip navigation link present
Info::
Search landmark present
Page Structure — as a screen reader sees it
BANNER header NAV "Site navigation" SEARCH MAIN CONTENTINFO footer
A
Heading Hierarchy
34 headings
PASS
34 headings
Warning::
Multiple H1 headings (3 found)
A page should have only one H1. Multiple H1s dilute the document outline.
  • H2 Cookies on ons.gov.uk
  • H1 Main figures
  • H2 Employment
  • H2 Inflation
  • H2 GDP
  • H2 UK population
  • H2 Employment
  • H2 Inflation
  • H2 GDP
  • H2 UK population
  • H2 GDP
  • H2 Inflation
  • H2 UK population
  • H2 Employment
  • H2 Try our new preview site
  • H2 Latest releases
  • H2 Taking part in a survey?
  • H2 Taking part in a survey?
  • H2 Latest releases
  • H1 In focus duplicate H1
  • H2 A guide to data, statistics and the ONS
  • H2 Statistics from across the UK
  • H2 Census 2031
  • H2 Economic statistics and surveys improvement plan
  • H1 Around the ONS duplicate H1
  • H2 Explore local statistics
  • H2 Other government statistics
  • H2 Navigating Numbers - the ONS data education programme
  • H2 Secure Research Service
  • H2 Is this page useful?
  • H2 Footer links
  • H2 Help
  • H2 About ONS
  • H2 Connect with us

A page should have only one H1. Multiple H1s dilute the document outline.

Why this matters

Multiple H1s blur the page's primary topic — screen-reader users and Google both prefer one H1.

Learn more ▾

HTML5's outline algorithm technically allows multiple H1s within sectioning content, but no browser implements it. In practice: one H1 per page. Use H2-H6 for subsections.

Source: WCAG 2.4.6 / Google Search Central

A
Form Accessibility
1 of 5 controls have issues
PASS
1 of 5 controls have issues
Critical::
1 control(s) without accessible label
Form controls need a <label>, aria-label, or aria-labelledby for screen readers.
Got: <input type="submit" id="feedback-form-submit">
Info::
4 control(s) properly labeled
5 controls
4 labeled
0 placeholder only
1 unlabeled
ControlTypeLabelMethod
#nav-searchsearchSearch for a keyword(s) or time series IDfor/id
#description-fieldtextareaHow should we improve this page?for/id
#name-fieldtextName (optional)for/id
#email-fieldtextEmail (optional)for/id
#feedback-form-submitsubmit(none)none

Form controls need a <label>, aria-label, or aria-labelledby for screen readers.

<input type="submit" id="feedback-form-submit">

Why this matters

Form controls without labels — assistive tech announces 'edit text' with no context; users can't complete forms.

Source: WCAG 2.1 SC 3.3.2

A
404 Error Page
HTTP 404, custom page
PASS
HTTP 404, custom page
Info::
Correct 404 status code returned
Got: HTTP 404
Info::
Custom styled 404 page
Info::
Navigation links present on 404 page
Info::
Homepage link present on 404 page
Info::
Search form present on 404 page
404 Page Quality ✓ Custom 404 Page
Status Code HTTP 404 ✓Page Title Page not found - Office for National Statistics ✓Custom Styling ✓Navigation ✓Homepage Link ✓Search Form ✓
A+
Color Contrast (Screenshot)
20 text elements analyzed, 0 fail WCAG AA
PASS

Analyzes text contrast against the actual rendered page, including background images, gradients, and overlays that CSS-based tools cannot detect.

20 pass
Show all checked elements (20)
ElementRatioRequiredFGBGResult
h1 Main figures21.00:13.0:1
#000000
#FFFFFF
Pass
h1 In focus21.00:13.0:1
#000000
#FFFFFF
Pass
h1 Around the ONS21.00:13.0:1
#000000
#FFFFFF
Pass
h2 Cookies on ons.gov.u…16.67:13.0:1
#000000
#E5E5E5
Pass
h2 Try our new preview …21.00:13.0:1
#000000
#FFFFFF
Pass
h2 Taking part in a sur…21.00:13.0:1
#000000
#FFFFFF
Pass
h2 Taking part in a sur…21.00:13.0:1
#000000
#FFFFFF
Pass
h2 Is this page useful?21.00:13.0:1
#000000
#FFFFFF
Pass
h2 Footer links21.00:13.0:1
#000000
#FFFFFF
Pass
h2 Help21.00:13.0:1
#000000
#FFFFFF
Pass
h2 About ONS21.00:13.0:1
#000000
#FFFFFF
Pass
h2 Connect with us21.00:13.0:1
#000000
#FFFFFF
Pass
title Home - Office …16.67:14.5:1
#000000
#E5E5E5
Pass
p Cookies are small fi…16.67:14.5:1
#000000
#E5E5E5
Pass
p We would like to set16.67:14.5:1
#000000
#E5E5E5
Pass
a additional cookies16.67:14.5:1
#000000
#E5E5E5
Pass
p to remember your set…16.67:14.5:1
#000000
#E5E5E5
Pass
button Accept additional co…16.67:14.5:1
#000000
#E5E5E5
Pass
button Reject additional co…16.67:14.5:1
#000000
#E5E5E5
Pass
a Manage settings16.67:14.5:1
#000000
#E5E5E5
Pass

Methodology: The top 20 text elements by font size were checked. Background color was sampled from the desktop screenshot using a 5-point pattern. WCAG 2.1 AA requires 4.5:1 for normal text and 3:1 for large text.

A+
Lighthouse Accessibility Audits
Score 100/100 — 0 failing, 27 passed
PASS
100

Accessibility

These checks highlight opportunities to improve the accessibility of your web app. Automatic detection can only detect a subset of issues and does not guarantee the accessibility of your web app, so manual testing is also encouraged.

○Interactive controls are keyboard focusable
○Interactive elements indicate their purpose and state
○The page has a logical tab order
○Visual order on the page follows DOM order
○User focus is not accidentally trapped in a region
○The user's focus is directed to new content added to the page
○HTML5 landmark elements are used to improve navigation
○Offscreen content is hidden from assistive technology
○Custom controls have associated labels
○Custom controls have ARIA roles
●`[aria-*]` attributes match their roles
●`[aria-hidden="true"]` is not present on the document `<body>`
●`[role]`s have all required `[aria-*]` attributes
●`[role]` values are valid
●`[aria-*]` attributes have valid values
●`[aria-*]` attributes are valid and not misspelled
●Buttons have an accessible name
●Image elements have `[alt]` attributes
●`[user-scalable="no"]` is not used in the `<meta name="viewport">` element and the `[maximum-scale]` attribute is not less than 5.
●ARIA attributes are used as specified for the element's role
●`[aria-hidden="true"]` elements do not contain focusable descendents
●Elements use only permitted ARIA attributes
●Background and foreground colors have a sufficient contrast ratio
●Document has a `<title>` element
●`<html>` element has a `[lang]` attribute
●`<html>` element has a valid value for its `[lang]` attribute
●Links are distinguishable without relying on color.
●Links have a discernible name
●Lists contain only `<li>` elements and script supporting elements (`<script>` and `<template>`).
●List items (`<li>`) are contained within `<ul>`, `<ol>` or `<menu>` parent elements
●No element has a `[tabindex]` value greater than 0
●Touch targets have sufficient size and spacing.
●Heading elements appear in a sequentially-descending order
●`<html>` element has an `[xml:lang]` attribute with the same base language as the `[lang]` attribute.
●Document has a main landmark.
●Deprecated ARIA roles were not used
●Elements with visible text labels have matching accessible names.
○`[accesskey]` values are unique
○`button`, `link`, and `menuitem` elements have accessible names
○Elements with `role="dialog"` or `role="alertdialog"` have accessible names.
○ARIA input fields have accessible names
○ARIA `meter` elements have accessible names
○ARIA `progressbar` elements have accessible names
○Elements with an ARIA `[role]` that require children to contain a specific `[role]` have all required children.
○`[role]`s are contained by their required parent element
○Elements with the `role=text` attribute do not have focusable descendents.
○ARIA toggle fields have accessible names
○ARIA `tooltip` elements have accessible names
○ARIA `treeitem` elements have accessible names
○The page contains a heading, skip link, or landmark region
○`<dl>`'s contain only properly-ordered `<dt>` and `<dd>` groups, `<script>`, `<template>` or `<div>` elements.
○Definition list items are wrapped in `<dl>` elements
○ARIA IDs are unique
○No form fields have multiple labels
○`<frame>` or `<iframe>` elements have a title
○Input buttons have discernible text.
○`<input type="image">` elements have `[alt]` text
○Form elements have associated labels
○The document does not use `<meta http-equiv="refresh">`
○`<object>` elements have alternate text
○Select elements have associated label elements.
○Skip links are focusable.
○Cells in a `<table>` element that use the `[headers]` attribute refer to table cells within the same table.
○`<th>` elements and elements with `[role="columnheader"/"rowheader"]` have data cells they describe.
○`[lang]` attributes have a valid value
○`<video>` elements contain a `<track>` element with `[kind="captions"]`
○Tables have different content in the summary attribute and `<caption>`.
○All heading elements contain content.
○Uses ARIA roles only on compatible elements
○Image elements do not have `[alt]` attributes that are redundant text.
○Identical links have the same purpose.
○Tables use `<caption>` instead of cells with the `[colspan]` attribute to indicate a caption.
○`<td>` elements in a large `<table>` have one or more table headers.
All checks on this page are automated. Results are estimates - run targeted manual reviews when the score affects a release decision.

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