Accessibility

· 13 checks — Landmarks, headings, alt text, forms, and link quality rolled into one auditable list.

SCORE

GRADE

FIX

REVIEW

PASS

INFO

Checks

5 PASS 5 REVIEW 3 FIX

Dark Mode Support

Action

Theme color only

FIX

Theme color only

Theme-color present but no dark variant

A theme-color is set but no dark-specific variant was found. The browser toolbar may not adapt for dark mode users.

Got: #ffffff

No dark mode signals detected

Consider adding CSS with @media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) and <meta name='color-scheme' content='light dark'>.

Detection limited to meta tags and inline styles

External CSS files may contain prefers-color-scheme rules not visible to this scan.

Dark ModePartial Dark Mode

color-scheme meta Not set ✗Dark theme-color Not set ✗CSS indicators Not detected ✗

Detection limited to meta tags and inline styles.

Print Stylesheet

Action

No print styles

FIX

No print styles

No print-specific styles detected

When users print this page, they get the screen layout including navigation and non-essential elements. Add @media print rules to hide navigation and optimize layout for paper.

Print Stylesheet No Print Styles

Print stylesheet Not found ✗Inline @media print Not detected ✗

Link & Button Quality

1 issue(s) across 143 links and 12 buttons

REVIEW

1 issue(s) across 143 links and 12 buttons

1 link(s) with no accessible text

Links without text are announced as raw URLs by screen readers.

Got: a#main-content

3 image-only link(s) without alt text

Image-only links need alt text on the image (or aria-label on the link) so screen readers can announce them.

Got: a[href="https://standup.princeton.edu/"]; a[href="https://goprincetontigers.com/"]; a[href="http://www.princeton.edu"]

139 link(s) with descriptive text

143 links

1 empty

0 generic text

0 new tab

0 empty buttons

Element	Text	Issue	Suggested Fix
	(empty)	empty	Add link text or aria-label
https://standup.princeton.edu/	StandUp . …	img no alt	Add alt attribute to the image
https://goprincetontigers.com/	Athletics . …	img no alt	Add alt attribute to the image
http://www.princeton.edu	Princeton University	img no alt	Add alt attribute to the image

151 links and buttons have descriptive text

Links without text are announced as raw URLs by screen readers.

a#main-content

Why this matters

Links with no accessible text (empty <a></a>, image-only no alt, icon-only no aria-label) are unidentifiable to screen readers.

Source: WCAG 2.1 SC 2.4.4

Image-only links need alt text on the image (or aria-label on the link) so screen readers can announce them.

a[href="https://standup.princeton.edu/"]; a[href="https://goprincetontigers.com/"]; a[href="http://www.princeton.edu"]

Why this matters

Image-only links with no alt are unidentifiable to screen-reader users — link's destination is invisible.

Source: WCAG 2.1 SC 2.4.4

404 Error Page

HTTP 404, custom page

REVIEW

HTTP 404, custom page

Correct 404 status code returned

Got: HTTP 404

Custom styled 404 page

Navigation links present on 404 page

Homepage link present on 404 page

404 Page Quality ✓ Custom 404 Page

Status Code HTTP 404 ✓Page Title Page not Found | Princeton University ✓Custom Styling ✓Navigation ✓Homepage Link ✓Search Form ✗

Favicon & Branding

8 icon(s) detected

REVIEW

8 icon(s) detected

favicon.ico present at site root

HTML icon links detected

Apple touch icon present

Multiple icon sizes detected

✓ favicon.ico Present

✓ PNG Icons Present

✓ Apple Touch Present

✗ SVG Favicon Missing

✓ Manifest Icons Present

✓ Multiple Sizes Present

Web Manifest

Action

Valid manifest

REVIEW

Valid manifest

No name or short_name

Add a name field to identify the app.

192x192 icon present

512x512 icon present

Display mode: standalone

PWA Install Criteria Not Installable

Name ✗192×192 icon ✓512×512 icon ✓Start URL ✗Display Mode standalone ✓

Display Mode standalone Theme Color #ffffff Background Color #ffffff Icons 2 icon(s)

Color Contrast (Screenshot)

Action

20 text elements analyzed, 20 fail WCAG AA

REVIEW

Analyzes text contrast against the actual rendered page, including background images, gradients, and overlays that CSS-based tools cannot detect.

0 pass 20 fail WCAG AA

h2 Main navigation

1.15:1

#000000

#151515

needs 3.0:1 (large text)

24px · bottom of viewport

h2 Utility menu

1.15:1

#000000

#151515

needs 3.0:1 (large text)

24px · bottom of viewport

h2 Contact links

1.15:1

#000000

#151515

needs 3.0:1 (large text)

24px · bottom of viewport

h2 Visiting links

1.15:1

#000000

#151515

needs 3.0:1 (large text)

24px · bottom of viewport

h2 Academic links

1.15:1

#000000

#151515

needs 3.0:1 (large text)

24px · bottom of viewport

h2 Footer social media

1.15:1

#000000

#151515

needs 3.0:1 (large text)

24px · bottom of viewport

h2 Subfooter links

1.15:1

#000000

#151515

needs 3.0:1 (large text)

24px · bottom of viewport

title Home | Princeton University

2.70:1

#000000

#59514A

needs 4.5:1 (normal text)

16px · top of page (header area)

a Skip to main content

1.95:1

#000000

#483B31

needs 4.5:1 (normal text)

16px · top of page (header area)

span Princeton University

1.11:1

#000000

#190F08

needs 4.5:1 (normal text)

16px · top of page (header area)

span Menu

1.19:1

#000000

#25150D

needs 4.5:1 (normal text)

16px · top of page (header area)

span Search

1.00:1

#000000

#010001

needs 4.5:1 (normal text)

16px · above the fold

label Search Sites & People

1.01:1

#000000

#020202

needs 4.5:1 (normal text)

16px · above the fold

div “Revolution in the Archives”

1.01:1

#000000

#020204

needs 4.5:1 (normal text)

16px · above the fold

div Undergraduates contributed original rese…

1.49:1

#000000

#392721

needs 4.5:1 (normal text)

16px · above the fold · over background image/gradient

span Major gift promises to accelerate Prince…

1.02:1

#000000

#030303

needs 4.5:1 (normal text)

16px · above the fold

p The gift from Andy Florance ’86 and He…

1.01:1

#000000

#010201

needs 4.5:1 (normal text)

16px · above the fold

span ‘Fearless’ graduate students are for…

1.56:1

#000000

#292F38

needs 4.5:1 (normal text)

16px · above the fold

p The Princeton Quantum Initiative’s Ph.…

1.56:1

#000000

#2B2F35

needs 4.5:1 (normal text)

16px · above the fold

div Impact and Awe

2.98:1

#000000

#5C5855

needs 4.5:1 (normal text)

16px · above the fold

1 contrast failures on background images/gradients

These failures are invisible to CSS-based accessibility tools like Lighthouse. The text may be fine on a solid background, but fails when rendered over an image or gradient.

Show all checked elements (20)

Element	Ratio	Required	FG	BG	Result
h2 Main navigation	1.15:1	3.0:1	#000000	#151515	Fail
h2 Utility menu	1.15:1	3.0:1	#000000	#151515	Fail
h2 Contact links	1.15:1	3.0:1	#000000	#151515	Fail
h2 Visiting links	1.15:1	3.0:1	#000000	#151515	Fail
h2 Academic links	1.15:1	3.0:1	#000000	#151515	Fail
h2 Footer social media	1.15:1	3.0:1	#000000	#151515	Fail
h2 Subfooter links	1.15:1	3.0:1	#000000	#151515	Fail
title Home \| Princeton Uni…	2.70:1	4.5:1	#000000	#59514A	Fail
a Skip to main content	1.95:1	4.5:1	#000000	#483B31	Fail
span Princeton University	1.11:1	4.5:1	#000000	#190F08	Fail
span Menu	1.19:1	4.5:1	#000000	#25150D	Fail
span Search	1.00:1	4.5:1	#000000	#010001	Fail
label Search Sites & Peopl…	1.01:1	4.5:1	#000000	#020202	Fail
div “Revolution in the…	1.01:1	4.5:1	#000000	#020204	Fail
div Undergraduates contr…	1.49:1	4.5:1	#000000	#392721	Fail
span Major gift promises …	1.02:1	4.5:1	#000000	#030303	Fail
p The gift from Andy F…	1.01:1	4.5:1	#000000	#010201	Fail
span ‘Fearless’ gradu…	1.56:1	4.5:1	#000000	#292F38	Fail
p The Princeton Quantu…	1.56:1	4.5:1	#000000	#2B2F35	Fail
div Impact and Awe	2.98:1	4.5:1	#000000	#5C5855	Fail

Methodology: The top 20 text elements by font size were checked. Background color was sampled from the desktop screenshot using a 5-point pattern. WCAG 2.1 AA requires 4.5:1 for normal text and 3:1 for large text.

A+

Landmark Structure

17 landmarks

PASS

17 landmarks

<main> landmark present

8 <nav> landmark(s) found

All <nav> elements are properly labeled

Skip navigation link present

Page Structure — as a screen reader sees it

A+

Heading Hierarchy

49 headings

PASS

49 headings

Single H1 present

6 hidden heading(s) (aria-hidden)

H1 Princeton University
H2 “Revolution in the Archives”
H3 Major gift promises to accelerate Princeton University’s leadership in quantum science
H3 ‘Fearless’ graduate students are forging a new quantum frontier
H2 Impact and Awe
H2 University News
H3 Biomedical research is surging at Princeton University
H3 Three Minute Thesis competition showcases Princeton graduate student research
H3 Service Recognition ceremony honors Princeton staff for exceptional achievements
H2 Stand Up for Princeton and Higher Education
H2 Research Roundup
H3 Machine learning predicts abrupt online shifts
H3 Fat promotes tumor growth in aggressive breast cancer
H3 Ganymede’s atmosphere stripped away as jets of charged hydrogen
H2 Exceptional Faculty
H3 Tom Griffiths Link is external
H3 Tina Campt Link is external
H3 Arvind Narayanan Link is external
H3 Anu Ramaswami Link is external
H3 Elizabeth Ellis Link is external
H3 Frances Lee Link is external
H3 Agustín Fuentes Link is external
H3 Anne Cheng Link is external
H3 Chika Okeke-Agulu Link is external
H3 Leonard Wantchekon Link is external
H3 Howard Stone Link is external
H3 Bonnie Bassler
H3 Sigrid Adriaenssens Link is external
H3 Marina Rustow
H2 Princeton In the News
H3 Frameworks of the Mind
H3 A small but growing movement wants you to put down your phone. But first read this
H3 How much water do we have? Scientists map the water beneath our feet
H2 Student Life at Princeton
H2 Upcoming Events
H3 Princeton AI for Climate Network Launch Reception
H3 Kargah Artist Workshop Series
H3 Thomas Gainsborough: The Fashion of Portraiture in 18th-Century Britain | A&A Lecture Series
H2 Study at Princeton
H2 Work at Princeton
H2 Main navigation hidden
H3 StandUp .
H3 Athletics .
H2 Utility menu
H2 Contact links hidden
H2 Visiting links hidden
H2 Academic links hidden
H2 Footer social media hidden
H2 Subfooter links hidden

A+

Alt Text Quality

All 29 images OK

PASS

All 29 images OK

3 decorative image(s) correctly marked

26 image(s) with good alt text

29 images 26 good alt text 3 decorative

All images have appropriate alt text.

Form Accessibility

1 of 2 controls have issues

PASS

1 of 2 controls have issues

1 control(s) without accessible label

Form controls need a <label>, aria-label, or aria-labelledby for screen readers.

Got: <input type="submit" id="header-edit-submit">

1 control(s) properly labeled

2 controls

1 labeled

0 placeholder only

1 unlabeled

Control	Type	Label	Method
#header-search	text	Search Sites & People	for/id
#header-edit-submit	submit	(none)	none

Form controls need a <label>, aria-label, or aria-labelledby for screen readers.

Why this matters

Form controls without labels — assistive tech announces 'edit text' with no context; users can't complete forms.

Source: WCAG 2.1 SC 3.3.2

A+

Lighthouse Accessibility Audits

Score 100/100 — 0 failing, 26 passed

PASS

100

Accessibility

These checks highlight opportunities to improve the accessibility of your web app. Automatic detection can only detect a subset of issues and does not guarantee the accessibility of your web app, so manual testing is also encouraged.

○Interactive controls are keyboard focusable

○Interactive elements indicate their purpose and state

○The page has a logical tab order

○Visual order on the page follows DOM order

○User focus is not accidentally trapped in a region

○The user's focus is directed to new content added to the page

○HTML5 landmark elements are used to improve navigation

○Offscreen content is hidden from assistive technology

○Custom controls have associated labels

○Custom controls have ARIA roles

●`[aria-*]` attributes match their roles

●`[aria-hidden="true"]` is not present on the document `<body>`

●`[role]`s have all required `[aria-*]` attributes

●`[role]` values are valid

●`[aria-*]` attributes have valid values

●`[aria-*]` attributes are valid and not misspelled

●Buttons have an accessible name

●Image elements have `[alt]` attributes

●`[user-scalable="no"]` is not used in the `<meta name="viewport">` element and the `[maximum-scale]` attribute is not less than 5.

●ARIA attributes are used as specified for the element's role

●`[aria-hidden="true"]` elements do not contain focusable descendents

●Elements use only permitted ARIA attributes

●Background and foreground colors have a sufficient contrast ratio

●Document has a `<title>` element

●`<html>` element has a `[lang]` attribute

●`<html>` element has a valid value for its `[lang]` attribute

●Links are distinguishable without relying on color.

●Links have a discernible name

●Lists contain only `<li>` elements and script supporting elements (`<script>` and `<template>`).

●List items (`<li>`) are contained within `<ul>`, `<ol>` or `<menu>` parent elements

●No element has a `[tabindex]` value greater than 0

●Touch targets have sufficient size and spacing.

●Heading elements appear in a sequentially-descending order

●Document has a main landmark.

●Deprecated ARIA roles were not used

●Elements with visible text labels have matching accessible names.

○`[accesskey]` values are unique

○`button`, `link`, and `menuitem` elements have accessible names

○Elements with `role="dialog"` or `role="alertdialog"` have accessible names.

○ARIA input fields have accessible names

○ARIA `meter` elements have accessible names

○ARIA `progressbar` elements have accessible names

○Elements with an ARIA `[role]` that require children to contain a specific `[role]` have all required children.

○`[role]`s are contained by their required parent element

○Elements with the `role=text` attribute do not have focusable descendents.

○ARIA toggle fields have accessible names

○ARIA `tooltip` elements have accessible names

○ARIA `treeitem` elements have accessible names

○The page contains a heading, skip link, or landmark region

○`<dl>`'s contain only properly-ordered `<dt>` and `<dd>` groups, `<script>`, `<template>` or `<div>` elements.

○Definition list items are wrapped in `<dl>` elements

○ARIA IDs are unique

○No form fields have multiple labels

○`<frame>` or `<iframe>` elements have a title

○`<html>` element has an `[xml:lang]` attribute with the same base language as the `[lang]` attribute.

○Input buttons have discernible text.

○`<input type="image">` elements have `[alt]` text

○Form elements have associated labels

○The document does not use `<meta http-equiv="refresh">`

○`<object>` elements have alternate text

○Select elements have associated label elements.

○Skip links are focusable.

○Cells in a `<table>` element that use the `[headers]` attribute refer to table cells within the same table.

○`<th>` elements and elements with `[role="columnheader"/"rowheader"]` have data cells they describe.

○`[lang]` attributes have a valid value

○`<video>` elements contain a `<track>` element with `[kind="captions"]`

○Tables have different content in the summary attribute and `<caption>`.

○All heading elements contain content.

○Uses ARIA roles only on compatible elements

○Image elements do not have `[alt]` attributes that are redundant text.

○Identical links have the same purpose.

○Tables use `<caption>` instead of cells with the `[colspan]` attribute to indicate a caption.

○`<td>` elements in a large `<table>` have one or more table headers.

All checks on this page are automated. Results are estimates - run targeted manual reviews when the score affects a release decision.

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Accessibility