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Performance

· 17 checks — Lighthouse + waterfall + sustainability rolled into one auditable list.
SCORE
76
GRADE
C
FIX
5
REVIEW
3
PASS
7
INFO
2

Performance-focused optimization plan with CWV assessment, top offenders, and time estimates

53
Performance Overall performance score (0–100) based on Core Web Vitals and other metrics. 90+ is good.
93
Accessibility Measures how accessible the page is for users with disabilities. Checks color contrast, ARIA labels, and semantic HTML.
96
Best Practices Checks for modern web development best practices including HTTPS, no console errors, and secure JavaScript.
75
SEO Measures basic SEO optimizations: meta tags, crawlability, link text, and mobile friendliness.

First Contentful Paint First Contentful Paint — how long until the browser renders the first piece of content. Under 1.8s is good.

2.98 s

Largest Contentful Paint Largest Contentful Paint — how long until the largest visible element loads. Under 2.5s is good.

50.03 s

Total Blocking Time Total Blocking Time — total time the main thread was blocked, preventing user input. Under 200ms is good.

296 ms

Cumulative Layout Shift Cumulative Layout Shift — measures visual stability. How much the page layout shifts during loading. Under 0.1 is good.

0.076

Speed Index Speed Index — how quickly content is visually displayed during load. Under 3.4s is good.

14.04 s

Time to Interactive Time to Interactive — how long until the page is fully interactive and responds to user input. Under 3.8s is good.

50.49 s

Page Load Progression

375 ms
750 ms
1.1 s
1.5 s
1.9 s
2.2 s
2.6 s
3.0 s
Checks
17
7 PASS 3 REVIEW 5 FIX
F
Page Weight Budget
Action
14.5 MB transferred, 112 requests
FIX
14.5 MB transferred, 112 requests
Critical::
Page weighs 16.5 MB (14.5 MB transferred)
Warning::
Images are 13.8 MB — compress or use modern formats
Convert images to WebP/AVIF and resize to display dimensions to reduce transfer size.
Got: 13.8 MB
Warning::
112 HTTP requests — consider bundling or reducing
Each request adds latency. Bundle small files, use sprites, or eliminate unnecessary requests.
Info::
Estimated 3.0 g CO2 per page load
14.5 MB / 2.4 MB budget
14.5 MB transferred
112 requests
3.0 g CO2 per page load
Images 13.8 MiB 95%
JavaScript 330.4 KiB 2%
Other 244.8 KiB 2%
Fonts 107.3 KiB 1%
CSS 91.5 KiB 1%
HTML 9.2 KiB 0%
Other 4.2 KiB 0%
Other 149 B 0%
0 2.4 MB 4.9 MB
Over budget

Convert images to WebP/AVIF and resize to display dimensions to reduce transfer size.

Why this matters

Image bandwidth is high — modern formats (WebP/AVIF) and resizing typically cut it 50%+.

Source: web.dev

Each request adds latency. Bundle small files, use sprites, or eliminate unnecessary requests.

Why this matters

High HTTP request count — bundling, sprite-ing, and HTTP/2 server push can reduce per-request overhead.

Source: web.dev

D
Third-Party Impact
Action
100% third-party, 0 ms blocking
FIX
100% third-party, 0 ms blocking
Warning::
Third-party code accounts for 100% of page weight (14.5 MiB of 14.5 MiB)
Info::
Third-party blocking time is low (0 ms)
100%
First-party Third-party
D
JS Execution Cost
Action
3070ms total JS execution
FIX
3070ms total JS execution
Warning::
https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/chunks/117-17835...: 1191ms CPU time
Warning::
https://www.ssrn.com/ssrn/: 780ms CPU time
Warning::
Unattributable: 630ms CPU time
Info::
https://cdn.ssrn.com/ssrn-header-widget/static/js/...: 189ms CPU time
Info::
https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/chunks/fd9d1056-...: 160ms CPU time
Warning::
Third-party scripts: 3070ms (100% of total)

Main Thread Breakdown

Script Evaluation 34% Other 26% Style & Layout 18% Parse HTML & CSS 13% Rendering 5% Script Parsing & Compilation 4%
ScriptTotalScriptingParse/CompileParty
https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/chunks/117-178354e50e9d31d2.js1191ms579ms28ms3rd
https://www.ssrn.com/ssrn/780ms5ms3ms3rd
Unattributable630ms106ms0ms3rd
https://cdn.ssrn.com/ssrn-header-widget/static/js/main.js189ms124ms46ms3rd
https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/chunks/fd9d1056-4917a1c645b02215.js160ms115ms13ms3rd
https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/chunks/webpack-e40af80718fbe323.js119ms118ms1ms3rd
D
Page Weight Inventory
Action
112 resources · 14.5 MB · 57 KB savings available
FIX
112 resources · 14.5 MB · 57 KB savings available
Warning::
Page weight 13.5 MB over 1MB target
Got: 14.5 MB Expected: ≤ 1 MB
Info::
~57 KB of savings available
Warning::
111 third-party resources (100% of weight)
Info::
7 resources over 200KB
112 resources · 14.5 MiB · 111 third-party 13.5 MiB over 1MB target
Image 95% · 13.8 MiB
JavaScript 2% · 330.4 KiB
Other 2% · 229.1 KiB
Font 1% · 107.3 KiB
CSS 1% · 91.5 KiB
Document 0% · 9.3 KiB

~57.3 KiB of savings available

Remove unused JavaScript: 57.3 KiB
F
HTTP Caching
Action
No cache headers
FIX
No cache headers
Warning::
No Cache-Control header found
Browsers will use heuristic caching, which can be unpredictable. Set explicit cache headers.

No Cache-Control header

Adding a Cache-Control header can significantly improve repeat-visit performance.

B
Image Optimization
22 images, 0 KB saveable
REVIEW
22 images, 0 KB saveable
Warning::
https://i0.wp.com/blog.ssrn.com/wp-content/uploads... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift
Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.
Warning::
https://i0.wp.com/blog.ssrn.com/wp-content/uploads... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift
Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.
Warning::
https://i0.wp.com/blog.ssrn.com/wp-content/uploads... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift
Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.
Warning::
https://i0.wp.com/blog.ssrn.com/wp-content/uploads... is missing width/height — may cause layout shift
Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.
22 images 13.8 MB
0 oversized -0 KB
2 legacy format
4 missing dimensions CLS risk

Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.

Why this matters

Image without explicit width/height — browser can't reserve space; CLS jumps when image loads.

Source: web.dev / Core Web Vitals

Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.

Why this matters

Image without explicit width/height — browser can't reserve space; CLS jumps when image loads.

Source: web.dev / Core Web Vitals

Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.

Why this matters

Image without explicit width/height — browser can't reserve space; CLS jumps when image loads.

Source: web.dev / Core Web Vitals

Set explicit width and height to prevent CLS.

Why this matters

Image without explicit width/height — browser can't reserve space; CLS jumps when image loads.

Source: web.dev / Core Web Vitals

B
JS Bundles
13 scripts, 57 KB unused
REVIEW
13 scripts, 57 KB unused
Warning::
https://cdn.ssrn.com/ssrn-header-widget/static/js/...: 57 KB unused (40%)
Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code.
Info::
Total unused JavaScript: 57 KB
57 KB unused JavaScript

Downloaded but never executed on this page.

ScriptSizeUnusedMinifiedParty
https://cdn.ssrn.com/ssrn-header-widget/static/js/main.js143 KB57 KB (40%)3rd
https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/chunks/142-59b58a8ccf274b9a.js45 KB3rd
https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/chunks/webpack-e40af80718fbe323.js2 KB3rd
https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/chunks/fd9d1056-4917a1c645b02215.js53 KB3rd
https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/chunks/117-178354e50e9d31d2.js31 KB3rd
https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/chunks/main-app-74e1b89d688e8afd.js0 KB3rd
https://cdn.cookielaw.org/scripttemplates/otSDKStub.js0 KB3rd
https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/chunks/667-6e8a9aee61851cfd.js3 KB3rd
https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/chunks/app/layout-c4655cd09d65bda4.js9 KB3rd
https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/chunks/270-4917c068f98cd316.js25 KB3rd

Consider code splitting or tree shaking to reduce unused code.

Why this matters

This bundle has high unused code — code-split or tree-shake to ship only what executes.

Source: web.dev / Lighthouse coverage

C
Green Hosting
Action
Whether the site is served from green-energy infrastructure
REVIEW

Green Hosting

No green hosting detected

A+
Text Compression
All text resources are compressed
PASS
All text resources are compressed
Info::
All text resources are compressed
All text resources are properly compressed.
A+
Font Loading
3 fonts (107 KB)
PASS
3 fonts (107 KB)
Info::
3 font(s) use font-display: swap (FOUT risk but functional)

Web fonts

3

107 KB total

Render-blocking

0

of 3

Dominant font-display

swap

Most common across fonts

Font loading timeline
Transfer FOIT (block) FOUT (swap)
0 ms 2.0 s 4.0 s 6.0 s 8.0 s 10.0 s 12.0 s 14.0 s 16.0 s 18.0 s 20.0 s 22.0 s 24.0 s 26.0 s 28.0 s 30.0 s 32.0 s 34.0 s 36.0 s 38.0 s 40.0 s 42.0 s 44.0 s 46.0 s 48.0 s 50.0 s 52.0 s FCP 3.0 s LCP 50.0 shttps://cdn.ssrn.com/ssrn-header-widget/static/media/national-2-regular.7b2a84863eeb3d17010b.woff2national-2-regular.7b2a... https://cdn.ssrn.com/ssrn-header-widget/static/media/national-2-regular.7b2a84863eeb3d17010b.woff2 — 34.9 KiB — 80 ms — font-display: swaphttps://cdn.ssrn.com/ssrn-header-widget/static/media/national-2-bold.4c57d7ca8313348d56b3.woff2national-2-bold.4c57d7c... https://cdn.ssrn.com/ssrn-header-widget/static/media/national-2-bold.4c57d7ca8313348d56b3.woff2 — 37.0 KiB — 33 ms — font-display: swaphttps://cdn.ssrn.com/ssrn-header-widget/static/media/national-2-regular-italic.de4e41971390deaecfd7.woff2national-2-regular-ital... https://cdn.ssrn.com/ssrn-header-widget/static/media/national-2-regular-italic.de4e41971390deaecfd7.woff2 — 35.4 KiB — 36 ms — font-display: swap
national-2-regular.7b2a... woff2 swap
Size 35 KB
Load time 80 ms
Start 598 ms
Risk FOUT — text flashes from fallback to web font
national-2-bold.4c57d7c... woff2 swap
Size 37 KB
Load time 33 ms
Start 2.4 s
Risk FOUT — text flashes from fallback to web font
national-2-regular-ital... woff2 swap
Size 35 KB
Load time 36 ms
Start 2.4 s
Risk FOUT — text flashes from fallback to web font
Optimization checklist
  • Preload critical fonts (priority=high)
  • Use woff2 format for all fonts
  • Set font-display to swap, optional, or fallback
  • Subset large fonts (≤100 KB each)
A+
Resource Caching
All resources properly cached
PASS
All resources properly cached
Info::
No caching issues found
All static resources have appropriate caching headers.
A+
Critical Rendering Path
No render-blocking resources
PASS
No render-blocking resources
Info::
No render-blocking resources detected
A+
Resource Hints
No optimization needed
PASS
No optimization needed
Info::
No resource hint issues
A+
Render-Blocking Resources
No render-blocking resources detected
PASS
No render-blocking resources detected
Info::
No render-blocking resources detected in <head>
A+
Third-Party Resources
No third-party resources detected
PASS
No third-party resources detected
Network Waterfall
112 requests over 2728ms
INFO
0 ms 2.0 s 4.0 s 6.0 s 8.0 s 10.0 s 12.0 s 14.0 s 16.0 s 18.0 s 20.0 s 22.0 s 24.0 s 26.0 s 28.0 s 30.0 s 32.0 s 34.0 s 36.0 s 38.0 s 40.0 s 42.0 s 44.0 s 46.0 s 48.0 s 50.0 s 52.0 s FCP 3.0 s LCP 50.0 shttps://ssrn.com// https://ssrn.com/ — 301 — 265 B — 232 ms — h2https://www.ssrn.com/www.ssrn.com/ https://www.ssrn.com/ — 302 — 423 B — 71 ms — h2https://www.ssrn.com/index.cfm/en/www.ssrn.com/index.cfm/en/ https://www.ssrn.com/index.cfm/en/ — 302 — 173 B — 29 ms — h2https://www.ssrn.com/ssrn/www.ssrn.com/ssrn/ https://www.ssrn.com/ssrn/ — 200 — 9.2 KiB — 30 ms — h2https://cdn.cookielaw.org/scripttemplates/otSDKStub.jscdn.cookielaw.org/scripttemplates/o... https://cdn.cookielaw.org/scripttemplates/otSDKStub.js — -1 — 0 B — 107 ms — https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/3bd617dbee037194.csswww.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/3bd61... https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/3bd617dbee037194.css — 200 — 10.6 KiB — 46 ms — h2https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/7ad68ffecec8a42e.csswww.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/7ad68... https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/7ad68ffecec8a42e.css — 200 — 355 B — 45 ms — h2https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/d2ec8dd862440ac0.csswww.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/d2ec8... https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/d2ec8dd862440ac0.css — 200 — 3.5 KiB — 47 ms — h2https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/7df2c4717663ef59.csswww.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/7df2c... https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/7df2c4717663ef59.css — 200 — 180 B — 41 ms — h2https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/f8086cc7e67da4df.csswww.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/f8086... https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/f8086cc7e67da4df.css — 200 — 11.9 KiB — 57 ms — h2https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/dd62c054409f946b.csswww.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/dd62c... https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/dd62c054409f946b.css — 200 — 12.1 KiB — 45 ms — h2https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/e5daa796f8e97af5.csswww.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/e5daa... https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/e5daa796f8e97af5.css — 200 — 1.6 KiB — 39 ms — h2https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/1a5de88181f9d327.csswww.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/1a5de... https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/1a5de88181f9d327.css — 200 — 1.0 KiB — 49 ms — h2https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/a9f3c954f22a1070.csswww.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/a9f3c... https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/a9f3c954f22a1070.css — 200 — 4.6 KiB — 47 ms — h2https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/aea866b4c8bb6429.csswww.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/aea86... https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/aea866b4c8bb6429.css — 200 — 758 B — 51 ms — h2https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/637684e7f43e5282.csswww.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/63768... https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/637684e7f43e5282.css — 200 — 329 B — 49 ms — h2https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/8afa4d9fd3fde393.csswww.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/8afa4... https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/8afa4d9fd3fde393.css — 200 — 2.4 KiB — 52 ms — h2https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/b60c48eeaf897321.csswww.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/b60c4... https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/b60c48eeaf897321.css — 200 — 8.9 KiB — 70 ms — h2https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/9d4c10028fa61a55.csswww.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/9d4c1... https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/9d4c10028fa61a55.css — 200 — 13.2 KiB — 59 ms — h2https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/06284b296305f322.csswww.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/06284... https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/06284b296305f322.css — 200 — 1.7 KiB — 50 ms — h2https://cdn.ssrn.com/ssrn-header-widget/static/js/main.jscdn.ssrn.com/ssrn-header-widget/sta... https://cdn.ssrn.com/ssrn-header-widget/static/js/main.js — 200 — 143.1 KiB — 187 ms — h2https://cdn.ssrn.com/ssrn-header-widget/static/css/main.csscdn.ssrn.com/ssrn-header-widget/sta... https://cdn.ssrn.com/ssrn-header-widget/static/css/main.css — 200 — 18.5 KiB — 150 ms — h2https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/chunks/webpack-e40af80718fbe323.jswww.ssrn.com/_next/static/chunks/we... https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/chunks/webpack-e40af80718fbe323.js — 200 — 1.8 KiB — 46 ms — h2https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/chunks/fd9d1056-4917a1c645b02215.jswww.ssrn.com/_next/static/chunks/fd... https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/chunks/fd9d1056-4917a1c645b02215.js — 200 — 52.7 KiB — 66 ms — h2https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/chunks/117-178354e50e9d31d2.jswww.ssrn.com/_next/static/chunks/11... https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/chunks/117-178354e50e9d31d2.js — 200 — 31.1 KiB — 55 ms — h2https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/chunks/main-app-74e1b89d688e8afd.jswww.ssrn.com/_next/static/chunks/ma... https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/chunks/main-app-74e1b89d688e8afd.js — 200 — 293 B — 53 ms — h2https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/chunks/142-59b58a8ccf274b9a.jswww.ssrn.com/_next/static/chunks/14... https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/chunks/142-59b58a8ccf274b9a.js — 200 — 44.9 KiB — 71 ms — h2https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/chunks/667-6e8a9aee61851cfd.jswww.ssrn.com/_next/static/chunks/66... https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/chunks/667-6e8a9aee61851cfd.js — 200 — 2.6 KiB — 67 ms — h2https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/chunks/app/layout-c4655cd09d65bda4.jswww.ssrn.com/_next/static/chunks/ap... https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/chunks/app/layout-c4655cd09d65bda4.js — 200 — 8.6 KiB — 71 ms — h2https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/chunks/270-4917c068f98cd316.jswww.ssrn.com/_next/static/chunks/27... https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/chunks/270-4917c068f98cd316.js — 200 — 24.9 KiB — 72 ms — h2
0 ms 2.0 s 4.0 s 6.0 s 8.0 s 10.0 s 12.0 s 14.0 s 16.0 s 18.0 s 20.0 s 22.0 s 24.0 s 26.0 s 28.0 s 30.0 s 32.0 s 34.0 s 36.0 s 38.0 s 40.0 s 42.0 s 44.0 s 46.0 s 48.0 s 50.0 s 52.0 s FCP 3.0 s LCP 50.0 shttps://ssrn.com// https://ssrn.com/ — 301 — 265 B — 232 ms — h2https://www.ssrn.com/www.ssrn.com/ https://www.ssrn.com/ — 302 — 423 B — 71 ms — h2https://www.ssrn.com/index.cfm/en/www.ssrn.com/index.cfm/en/ https://www.ssrn.com/index.cfm/en/ — 302 — 173 B — 29 ms — h2https://www.ssrn.com/ssrn/www.ssrn.com/ssrn/ https://www.ssrn.com/ssrn/ — 200 — 9.2 KiB — 30 ms — h2https://cdn.cookielaw.org/scripttemplates/otSDKStub.jscdn.cookielaw.org/scripttemplates/o... https://cdn.cookielaw.org/scripttemplates/otSDKStub.js — -1 — 0 B — 107 ms — https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/3bd617dbee037194.csswww.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/3bd61... https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/3bd617dbee037194.css — 200 — 10.6 KiB — 46 ms — h2https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/7ad68ffecec8a42e.csswww.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/7ad68... https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/7ad68ffecec8a42e.css — 200 — 355 B — 45 ms — h2https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/d2ec8dd862440ac0.csswww.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/d2ec8... https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/d2ec8dd862440ac0.css — 200 — 3.5 KiB — 47 ms — h2https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/7df2c4717663ef59.csswww.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/7df2c... https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/7df2c4717663ef59.css — 200 — 180 B — 41 ms — h2https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/f8086cc7e67da4df.csswww.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/f8086... https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/f8086cc7e67da4df.css — 200 — 11.9 KiB — 57 ms — h2https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/dd62c054409f946b.csswww.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/dd62c... https://www.ssrn.com/_next/static/css/dd62c054409f946b.css — 200 — 12.1 KiB — 45 ms — 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h2https://i0.wp.com/blog.ssrn.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/lisa-larrimore-ouellette-4-400x400-1.jpg?fit=400%2C400&ssl=1i0.wp.com/blog.ssrn.com/wp-content/... https://i0.wp.com/blog.ssrn.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/lisa-larrimore-ouellette-4-400x400-1.jpg?fit=400%2C400&ssl=1 — 200 — 158.4 KiB — 38 ms — h2https://i0.wp.com/blog.ssrn.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/Picture1-e1767621841315.jpg?fit=466%2C471&ssl=1i0.wp.com/blog.ssrn.com/wp-content/... https://i0.wp.com/blog.ssrn.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/Picture1-e1767621841315.jpg?fit=466%2C471&ssl=1 — 200 — 25.7 KiB — 6 ms — h2https://i0.wp.com/blog.ssrn.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/Jill-Hasday-600-e1740579282504.png?fit=511%2C511&ssl=1i0.wp.com/blog.ssrn.com/wp-content/... https://i0.wp.com/blog.ssrn.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/Jill-Hasday-600-e1740579282504.png?fit=511%2C511&ssl=1 — 200 — 240.1 KiB — 38 ms — h2https://i0.wp.com/blog.ssrn.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Litman_Leah.png?fit=320%2C320&ssl=1i0.wp.com/blog.ssrn.com/wp-content/... https://i0.wp.com/blog.ssrn.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Litman_Leah.png?fit=320%2C320&ssl=1 — 200 — 28.8 KiB — 16 ms — h3https://i0.wp.com/blog.ssrn.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/JCS-2023-e1761241653990.jpg?fit=2248%2C2248&ssl=1i0.wp.com/blog.ssrn.com/wp-content/... https://i0.wp.com/blog.ssrn.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/JCS-2023-e1761241653990.jpg?fit=2248%2C2248&ssl=1 — 200 — 669.6 KiB — 42 ms — h3https://i0.wp.com/blog.ssrn.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/OIP-1.jpg?fit=267%2C267&ssl=1i0.wp.com/blog.ssrn.com/wp-content/... https://i0.wp.com/blog.ssrn.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/OIP-1.jpg?fit=267%2C267&ssl=1 — 200 — 10.8 KiB — 17 ms — h3https://cdn.ssrn.com/ssrn-header-widget/static/media/national-2-bold.4c57d7ca8313348d56b3.woff2cdn.ssrn.com/ssrn-header-widget/sta... 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449.5 KiB — 17 ms — h3https://i0.wp.com/blog.ssrn.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/Greer-1.jpg?fit=680%2C600&ssl=1i0.wp.com/blog.ssrn.com/wp-content/... https://i0.wp.com/blog.ssrn.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/Greer-1.jpg?fit=680%2C600&ssl=1 — 200 — 27.7 KiB — 14 ms — h3https://i0.wp.com/blog.ssrn.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/lubin-asaf.jpg?fit=800%2C800&ssl=1i0.wp.com/blog.ssrn.com/wp-content/... https://i0.wp.com/blog.ssrn.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/lubin-asaf.jpg?fit=800%2C800&ssl=1 — 200 — 66.1 KiB — 18 ms — h3https://i0.wp.com/blog.ssrn.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/headshot-e1750357500186.jpg?fit=440%2C440&ssl=1i0.wp.com/blog.ssrn.com/wp-content/... https://i0.wp.com/blog.ssrn.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/headshot-e1750357500186.jpg?fit=440%2C440&ssl=1 — 200 — 20.9 KiB — 14 ms — h3https://i0.wp.com/blog.ssrn.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/Untitled-design.jpg?fit=1080%2C1080&ssl=1i0.wp.com/blog.ssrn.com/wp-content/... 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HTML JavaScript CSS Images Fonts XHR/Fetch Other
Third-Party Script Cost
Per-script blocking time, transfer cost, and cache headers
INFO
100% of JavaScript execution is third-party
First-party Third-party 3070ms · 299KB · $41/mo
www.ssrn.com
Other
Costly
Execution 1191ms
Transfer 31 KB
Monthly Cost $16/mo
www.ssrn.com
Other
Costly
Execution 780ms
Transfer 70 KB
Monthly Cost $10/mo
Unattributable
Other
Costly
Execution 630ms
Transfer 0 KB
Monthly Cost $8/mo
cdn.ssrn.com
Other
Optional
Execution 189ms
Transfer 143 KB
Unused 40%
Monthly Cost $3/mo
www.ssrn.com
Other
Optional
Execution 160ms
Transfer 53 KB
Monthly Cost $2/mo
www.ssrn.com
Other
Optional
Execution 119ms
Transfer 2 KB
Monthly Cost $2/mo

These scripts may cost more than they're worth

  • www.ssrn.com adds 1191ms and costs ~$16/month
  • www.ssrn.com adds 780ms and costs ~$10/month
  • Unattributable adds 630ms and costs ~$8/month

100% of JavaScript execution time is spent on third-party scripts. Consider auditing which scripts are essential.

Why this matters

When third-party JS execution time exceeds your own, performance gains from frontend work are capped by code you don't own.

Learn more

Every millisecond of third-party JS competes with your own for main-thread time. If their share is bigger than yours, optimization on your code base barely moves the needle. Audit, defer, or remove third-parties before further frontend optimization. Use Lighthouse's third-party audit to identify the worst offenders.

Source: web.dev

www.ssrn.com takes 1191ms of CPU time. Consider loading it asynchronously or replacing it with a lighter alternative.

Why this matters

This script has high main-thread execution time — optimize hot paths or defer.

Source: web.dev

www.ssrn.com takes 780ms of CPU time. Consider loading it asynchronously or replacing it with a lighter alternative.

Why this matters

This script has high main-thread execution time — optimize hot paths or defer.

Source: web.dev

Unattributable takes 630ms of CPU time. Consider loading it asynchronously or replacing it with a lighter alternative.

Why this matters

This script has high main-thread execution time — optimize hot paths or defer.

Source: web.dev

How third-party costs are calculated

All checks on this page are automated. Results are estimates - run targeted manual reviews when the score affects a release decision.

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