Accessibility

F

Heading Hierarchy

Action

16 headings, 4 skip(s)

FIX

16 headings, 4 skip(s)

Multiple H1 headings (8 found)

A page should have only one H1. Multiple H1s dilute the document outline.

Heading level skipped: H2 → H4 (missing H3)

Skipping heading levels breaks the document outline. Screen readers may interpret missing levels as structural errors.

Heading level skipped: H1 → H4 (missing H2)

Skipping heading levels breaks the document outline. Screen readers may interpret missing levels as structural errors.

Heading level skipped: H1 → H4 (missing H2)

Skipping heading levels breaks the document outline. Screen readers may interpret missing levels as structural errors.

Heading level skipped: H2 → H4 (missing H3)

Skipping heading levels breaks the document outline. Screen readers may interpret missing levels as structural errors.

H1 University of Saskatchewan
H1 Study duplicate H1
H1 Work duplicate H1
H1 Give duplicate H1
H1 Play duplicate H1
H2 International Students
H4 Living in Saskatchewan, Canada skipped
H1 Find a Program duplicate H1
H2 Stories from USask News
H1 Discovery the World Needs duplicate H1
H4 Research that improves lives in our community and beyond. skipped
H1 The world needs...DISCOVERERS duplicate H1
H4 USask leads the way in tackling relevant, global issues such as vaccine development, sustainability and water and food security. skipped
H2 With the Pack
H2 Located on Treaty 6 Territory and the Homeland of the Métis
H4 We pay our respect to the First Nations and Métis ancestors of this place and reaffirm our relationship with one another. skipped

A page should have only one H1. Multiple H1s dilute the document outline.

Why this matters

Multiple H1s blur the page's primary topic — screen-reader users and Google both prefer one H1.

Learn more ▾

HTML5's outline algorithm technically allows multiple H1s within sectioning content, but no browser implements it. In practice: one H1 per page. Use H2-H6 for subsections.

Source: WCAG 2.4.6 / Google Search Central

Skipping heading levels breaks the document outline. Screen readers may interpret missing levels as structural errors.

Why this matters

Skipping heading levels breaks the document outline — screen-reader users lose track of section nesting.

Learn more ▾

Screen reader users navigate by jumping between headings (H1 → H2 → H3). Skipping (H1 → H3) breaks the sense of hierarchy. Use sequential levels even if you don't like the default styling — restyle with CSS instead. WCAG 1.3.1 (Info and Relationships) treats this as an A failure.

Source: WCAG 2.1 SC 1.3.1 / W3C WAI

Skipping heading levels breaks the document outline. Screen readers may interpret missing levels as structural errors.

Why this matters

Skipping heading levels breaks the document outline — screen-reader users lose track of section nesting.

Learn more ▾

Screen reader users navigate by jumping between headings (H1 → H2 → H3). Skipping (H1 → H3) breaks the sense of hierarchy. Use sequential levels even if you don't like the default styling — restyle with CSS instead. WCAG 1.3.1 (Info and Relationships) treats this as an A failure.

Source: WCAG 2.1 SC 1.3.1 / W3C WAI

Skipping heading levels breaks the document outline. Screen readers may interpret missing levels as structural errors.

Why this matters

Skipping heading levels breaks the document outline — screen-reader users lose track of section nesting.

Learn more ▾

Screen reader users navigate by jumping between headings (H1 → H2 → H3). Skipping (H1 → H3) breaks the sense of hierarchy. Use sequential levels even if you don't like the default styling — restyle with CSS instead. WCAG 1.3.1 (Info and Relationships) treats this as an A failure.

Source: WCAG 2.1 SC 1.3.1 / W3C WAI

Skipping heading levels breaks the document outline. Screen readers may interpret missing levels as structural errors.

Why this matters

Skipping heading levels breaks the document outline — screen-reader users lose track of section nesting.

Learn more ▾

Screen reader users navigate by jumping between headings (H1 → H2 → H3). Skipping (H1 → H3) breaks the sense of hierarchy. Use sequential levels even if you don't like the default styling — restyle with CSS instead. WCAG 1.3.1 (Info and Relationships) treats this as an A failure.

Source: WCAG 2.1 SC 1.3.1 / W3C WAI

D

Web Manifest

Action

Not found

FIX

Not found

No web manifest found

No manifest at standard paths (/manifest.json, /site.webmanifest). A manifest is optional but enables PWA features like home screen installation and standalone display.

No web manifest found.

D

Dark Mode Support

Action

No dark mode signals

FIX

No dark mode signals

No dark mode signals detected

Consider adding CSS with @media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) and <meta name='color-scheme' content='light dark'>.

Detection limited to meta tags and inline styles

External CSS files may contain prefers-color-scheme rules not visible to this scan.

Dark ModeNo Dark Mode Detected

color-scheme meta Not set ✗Dark theme-color Not set ✗CSS indicators Not detected ✗

Detection limited to meta tags and inline styles.

D

Print Stylesheet

Action

No print styles

FIX

No print styles

No print-specific styles detected

When users print this page, they get the screen layout including navigation and non-essential elements. Add @media print rules to hide navigation and optimize layout for paper.

Print Stylesheet No Print Styles

Print stylesheet Not found ✗Inline @media print Not detected ✗

F

Navigation UX

Action

1 navigation pattern(s)

FIX

1 navigation pattern(s)

Skip navigation link detected

1 navigation landmark(s) detected

Breadcrumbs

Search

Skip Link Skip link detected

Labeled Navigation 1 <nav> element(s)

Back to Top

Hamburger Menu

Sticky Navigation Cannot reliably detect (CSS-based)

2 of 6 testable patterns navigation patterns detected. Limited navigation support. Consider adding breadcrumbs, search, and skip link.

B

404 Error Page

HTTP 404, custom page

REVIEW

HTTP 404, custom page

Correct 404 status code returned

Got: HTTP 404

Custom styled 404 page

Navigation links present on 404 page

404 Page Quality ✓ Custom 404 Page

Status Code HTTP 404 ✓Page Title 404 Document Not Found | University of Saskatchewan ✓Custom Styling ✓Navigation ✓Homepage Link ✗Search Form ✗

C

Favicon & Branding

Action

4 icon(s) detected

REVIEW

4 icon(s) detected

favicon.ico present at site root

HTML icon links detected

Apple touch icon present

SVG favicon detected — scales perfectly to any size

✓ favicon.ico Present

✓ PNG Icons Present

✓ Apple Touch Present

✓ SVG Favicon Present

✗ Manifest Icons Missing

✗ Multiple Sizes Missing

C

Color Contrast (Screenshot)

Action

20 text elements analyzed, 1 fail WCAG AA

REVIEW

Analyzes text contrast against the actual rendered page, including background images, gradients, and overlays that CSS-based tools cannot detect.

19 pass 1 fail WCAG AA 4 pass AA only

button Menu

3.67:1

#000000

on

#786344

needs 4.5:1 (normal text)

16px · top of page (header area)

Show all checked elements (20)

Element	Ratio	Required	FG	BG	Result
h1 University of Saskat…	21.00:1	3.0:1	#000000	#FFFFFF	Pass
h1 Study	21.00:1	3.0:1	#000000	#FFFFFF	Pass
h1 Work	21.00:1	3.0:1	#000000	#FFFFFF	Pass
h1 Give	21.00:1	3.0:1	#000000	#FFFFFF	Pass
h1 Play	21.00:1	3.0:1	#000000	#FFFFFF	Pass
h1 Find a Program	21.00:1	3.0:1	#000000	#FFFFFF	Pass
h1 The world needs...	21.00:1	3.0:1	#000000	#FFFFFF	Pass
h2 Stories from	21.00:1	3.0:1	#000000	#FFFFFF	Pass
h2 With the Pack	21.00:1	3.0:1	#000000	#FFFFFF	Pass
h2 Located on Treaty 6 …	21.00:1	3.0:1	#000000	#FFFFFF	Pass
title University of Saskat…	21.00:1	4.5:1	#000000	#FFFFFF	Pass
a Skip to main content	21.00:1	4.5:1	#000000	#FFFFFF	Pass
button Menu	3.67:1	4.5:1	#000000	#786344	Fail
label Search the USask	10.13:1	4.5:1	#000000	#B8B4A8	Pass
button Search	5.42:1	4.5:1	#000000	#977D60	Pass
a Academics	6.38:1	4.5:1	#000000	#7D90A1	Pass
a Admissions and Progr…	14.29:1	4.5:1	#000000	#C5D8E2	Pass
a Colleges and Schools	10.95:1	4.5:1	#000000	#A8BFC8	Pass
a Library	5.22:1	4.5:1	#000000	#6E8289	Pass
a Class Search	5.27:1	4.5:1	#000000	#6B8390	Pass

Methodology: The top 20 text elements by font size were checked. Background color was sampled from the desktop screenshot using a 5-point pattern. WCAG 2.1 AA requires 4.5:1 for normal text and 3:1 for large text.

A+

Landmark Structure

5 landmarks

PASS

5 landmarks

<main> landmark present

1 <nav> landmark(s) found

Skip navigation link present

Page Structure — as a screen reader sees it

A+

Alt Text Quality

All 8 images OK

PASS

All 8 images OK

8 image(s) with good alt text

8 images 8 good alt text

All images have appropriate alt text.

A+

Form Accessibility

All 3 controls labeled

PASS

All 3 controls labeled

3 control(s) properly labeled

3 controls

3 labeled

0 placeholder only

0 unlabeled

Control	Type	Label	Method
#q	search	Search the USask	for/id
#inputSearch	text	What program are you looking for?	aria-label
#feedback_text	textarea	What could make this page better?	aria-label

A+

Link & Button Quality

341 links, 8 buttons — all OK

PASS

341 links, 8 buttons — all OK

341 link(s) with descriptive text

341 links

0 empty

0 generic text

0 new tab

0 empty buttons

All links and buttons have descriptive accessible text.

349 links and buttons have descriptive text

A+

Lighthouse Accessibility Audits

Score 95/100 — 2 failing, 23 passed

PASS

95

These checks highlight opportunities to improve the accessibility of your web app. Automatic detection can only detect a subset of issues and does not guarantee the accessibility of your web app, so manual testing is also encouraged.

Navigation

Properly ordered headings that do not skip levels convey the semantic structure of the page, making it easier to navigate and understand when using assistive technologies. Learn more about heading order.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Failing Elements
Living in Saskatchewan, Canada `div.col-12 > div#section-1-subsection-0 > div.small > h4`
Research that improves lives in our community and beyond. `div.row > div.col-12 > div#section-4-subsection-0 > h4.h4`
USask leads the way in tackling relevant, global issues such as vaccine develop… `section#section-5 > div.container-fluid > div#section-5-subsection-0 > h4.text-muted`
We pay our respect to the First Nations and Métis ancestors of this place and r… `div.col-12 > div#section-7-subsection-0 > div.small > h4`

These are opportunities to improve keyboard navigation in your application.

Contrast

Low-contrast text is difficult or impossible for many users to read. Link text that is discernible improves the experience for users with low vision. Learn how to make links distinguishable.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Failing Elements
USask News `div.container-fluid > div#section-3-subsection-0 > h2.h3 > a`

These are opportunities to improve the legibility of your content.

○Interactive controls are keyboard focusable

○Interactive elements indicate their purpose and state

○The page has a logical tab order

○Visual order on the page follows DOM order

○User focus is not accidentally trapped in a region

○The user's focus is directed to new content added to the page

○HTML5 landmark elements are used to improve navigation

○Offscreen content is hidden from assistive technology

○Custom controls have associated labels

○Custom controls have ARIA roles

●`[aria-*]` attributes match their roles

●`[aria-hidden="true"]` is not present on the document `<body>`

●`[role]`s have all required `[aria-*]` attributes

●`[role]` values are valid

●`[aria-*]` attributes have valid values

●`[aria-*]` attributes are valid and not misspelled

●Buttons have an accessible name

●Image elements have `[alt]` attributes

●Form elements have associated labels

●`[user-scalable="no"]` is not used in the `<meta name="viewport">` element and the `[maximum-scale]` attribute is not less than 5.

●ARIA attributes are used as specified for the element's role

●`[aria-hidden="true"]` elements do not contain focusable descendents

●Elements use only permitted ARIA attributes

●Background and foreground colors have a sufficient contrast ratio

●Document has a `<title>` element

●`<html>` element has a `[lang]` attribute

●`<html>` element has a valid value for its `[lang]` attribute

●Links have a discernible name

●Lists contain only `<li>` elements and script supporting elements (`<script>` and `<template>`).

●List items (`<li>`) are contained within `<ul>`, `<ol>` or `<menu>` parent elements

●Touch targets have sufficient size and spacing.

●Document has a main landmark.

●Deprecated ARIA roles were not used

○`[accesskey]` values are unique

○`button`, `link`, and `menuitem` elements have accessible names

○Elements with `role="dialog"` or `role="alertdialog"` have accessible names.

○ARIA input fields have accessible names

○ARIA `meter` elements have accessible names

○ARIA `progressbar` elements have accessible names

○Elements with an ARIA `[role]` that require children to contain a specific `[role]` have all required children.

○`[role]`s are contained by their required parent element

○Elements with the `role=text` attribute do not have focusable descendents.

○ARIA toggle fields have accessible names

○ARIA `tooltip` elements have accessible names

○ARIA `treeitem` elements have accessible names

○The page contains a heading, skip link, or landmark region

○`<dl>`'s contain only properly-ordered `<dt>` and `<dd>` groups, `<script>`, `<template>` or `<div>` elements.

○Definition list items are wrapped in `<dl>` elements

○ARIA IDs are unique

○No form fields have multiple labels

○`<frame>` or `<iframe>` elements have a title

○`<html>` element has an `[xml:lang]` attribute with the same base language as the `[lang]` attribute.

○Input buttons have discernible text.

○`<input type="image">` elements have `[alt]` text

○The document does not use `<meta http-equiv="refresh">`

○`<object>` elements have alternate text

○Select elements have associated label elements.

○Skip links are focusable.

○No element has a `[tabindex]` value greater than 0

○Cells in a `<table>` element that use the `[headers]` attribute refer to table cells within the same table.

○`<th>` elements and elements with `[role="columnheader"/"rowheader"]` have data cells they describe.

○`[lang]` attributes have a valid value

○`<video>` elements contain a `<track>` element with `[kind="captions"]`

○Tables have different content in the summary attribute and `<caption>`.

○All heading elements contain content.

○Uses ARIA roles only on compatible elements

○Image elements do not have `[alt]` attributes that are redundant text.

○Identical links have the same purpose.

○Elements with visible text labels have matching accessible names.

○Tables use `<caption>` instead of cells with the `[colspan]` attribute to indicate a caption.

○`<td>` elements in a large `<table>` have one or more table headers.