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https://lse.ac.uk

Infrastructure

· 9 checks — DNS, redirects, IPv6, crawlability, URL variants, and domain intelligence rolled into one auditable list.
SCORE
85
GRADE
B
FIX
1
REVIEW
3
PASS
5
INFO
0
Probed from Amsterdam, Netherlands
301 Moved Permanently
Checks
9
5 PASS 3 REVIEW 1 FIX
D
CDN & Delivery
Action
No CDN detected
FIX
No CDN detected
Warning::
No CDN detected
A CDN can significantly improve load times for users around the world by caching content at edge nodes closer to them.
No CDN detected

Consider using a CDN to improve global delivery speed and reduce origin load.

C
IPv6 Readiness
Action
No IPv6 support
REVIEW
No IPv6 support
Info::
No IPv6 (AAAA) records found
IPv6 support is increasingly important for global accessibility. About 40% of internet users have IPv6 connectivity.
No IPv6 Support
About 40% of internet users have IPv6. Consider adding AAAA records.

IPv6 support is increasingly important for global accessibility. About 40% of internet users have IPv6 connectivity.

Why this matters

No AAAA records — same impact as 'no IPv6 (AAAA) records'; IPv6-preferring clients pay extra latency falling back to IPv4.

Source: Google IPv6 stats

B
URL Variants
www/non-www, trailing slash, HTTP→HTTPS
REVIEW
www/non-www, trailing slash, HTTP→HTTPS
Critical::
Both www and non-www versions serve content
Got: Both variants return 200 Expected: One variant 301-redirects to the other
Info::
HTTP correctly 301-redirects to HTTPS

www / non-www

200https://www.lse.ac.uk/
200https://lse.ac.uk/

Inconsistent — duplicate content risk

HTTP → HTTPS

301http://lse.ac.uk/ → https://www.lse.ac.uk/

Consistent

B
TLS Certificate Expiry & Recommendations
116 days until leaf cert expires — 3 issues to address
REVIEW

Certificate validity

116
days left
0d 30d 60d 90d+

Recommended actions

  • Enable HSTS: Strict-Transport-Security: max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains
  • Enable DNSSEC on your domain for DNS spoofing protection
  • Enable OCSP stapling on your TLS server to remove a CA roundtrip and protect user privacy
A+
DNS Records
1 A records, 12 ms lookup
PASS
1 A records, 12 ms lookup
Info::
Resolves to 1 IPv4 address(es)
Got: 185.18.139.132
Info::
Single A record — no DNS redundancy
Multiple A records provide failover if one server goes down.
Info::
No IPv6 (AAAA) records
Info::
5 nameserver(s) configured
Got: ns2.lse.ac.uk, ext-ns1.columbia.edu, ns3.lse.ac.uk, ns1.lse.ac.uk, ns3.ja.net
Info::
1 mail exchanger(s) configured
Info::
CAA records not checked
CAA record lookup requires a specialized DNS resolver. This check will be available in a future update.
Info::
SPF record present in TXT
Info::
DNS resolution time: 12 ms
Got: 12 ms
A185.18.139.132
AAAA—
CNAME—
NSns2.lse.ac.uk, ext-ns1.columbia.edu, ns3.lse.ac.uk, ns1.lse.ac.uk, ns3.ja.net
MX
10 lse-ac-uk.mail.protection.outlook.com
TXT
ca3-97b510921fc940348d4b66917f676007
MS=ms63904103
SPF v=spf1 include:spf.protection.outlook.com -all
google-site-verification=N2CEmtlSBsgUh8V3Cq-Vk3nGunvU8zSr2Jz1xev2eao
QuoVadis=e86a01ed-b945-47ea-ab43-63fac3342134
docusign=7c80f8e8-42da-4797-90da-2d343c0bc7dd
anthropic-domain-verification-m636es=ByuObq3Xg7hv2OjhtWLMUmlqL
t9Y+TOMjEGJ0CFoLka6zGLDY1ecy/U1v/fu3H9axvN7r9SjuQzNXEmxQTjA2LZe+2NHGoYS2tEfF4ibu...
AppID=000000004C022C13
QuoVadis=5610c4ca-104b-4830-8c93-2aa7d4a4450c
MS=ms77798133
lumoq88t774ejdbi0np8gqas6p
remarkable-domain-verification=35f40996-3b2b-421d-88db-b0f43f5b9b18
ZOOM_verify__qpQ9gNHRzKfJoNgPSvXnA
A627A9DE-5389-4FC9-BF8F-32D3902BE3F5
adobe-idp-site-verification=3779aa510553672f479fca89db8cad1dbbcfeaf1fe8513c74b66...
CAALookup not available with standard resolver
Resolved in 12 ms

Multiple A records provide failover if one server goes down.

Why this matters

Single A record means a single point of failure — if that IP goes down, your site is unreachable until DNS TTL expires.

Learn more ▾

Add multiple A records for round-robin failover, or use a managed DNS provider with health-checked failover (Route 53, Cloudflare, NS1). Short TTL (60-300s) lets clients recover faster on outages.

Source: SRE practice / DNS architecture

CAA record lookup requires a specialized DNS resolver. This check will be available in a future update.

Why this matters

Informational: CAA (Certification Authority Authorization) records weren't checked in this scan.

A
Redirect Chain
1 redirect(s), 205 ms total
PASS
1 redirect(s), 205 ms total
Info::
Single redirect
Got: https://lse.ac.uk → https://www.lse.ac.uk/ (301)
Info::
WWW normalization redirect

https://lse.ac.uk

78 ms · HTTP/1.1

301

https://www.lse.ac.uk/

126 ms · HTTP/1.1 FINAL

#URLStatusTimeProtocolServer
1https://lse.ac.uk30178 msHTTP/1.1
2https://www.lse.ac.uk/200126 msHTTP/1.1

See the visual redirect chain in the HTTP Probe tab →

A+
Crawlability
robots.txt present, sitemap with 1 URLs
PASS
robots.txt present, sitemap with 1 URLs
Info::
robots.txt is present
Got: 839 bytes
Info::
sitemap.xml is present
Info::
sitemap.xml is valid XML
Info::
sitemap.xml contains 1 entries
Info::
robots.txt does not reference a sitemap
Add a 'Sitemap:' directive to robots.txt so search engines can discover your sitemap.

Add a 'Sitemap:' directive to robots.txt so search engines can discover your sitemap.

Why this matters

robots.txt omits Sitemap: directive — crawlers must fetch /sitemap.xml by convention; reliable but missing the explicit hint.

Source: sitemaps.org

robots.txt 200 OK
Size 839 B Sitemaps referenced 0 User-agents *, Atomic_Email_Hunter, emailsiphon, VERSION_TABLE Blocking No — crawling allowed
User-agent: Atomic_Email_Hunter
Disallow: /

User-agent: emailsiphon
Disallow: /

User-agent: VERSION_TABLE
Disallow: /

User-agent: *
Disallow: /incident/
Disallow: /feedback/
Disallow: /economicHistory/Alumni/2010AlumniNewsletter.pdf
Disallow: /aboutLSE/LSEDigest/pdf/LSEDigest2004-05.pdf
Disallow: /aboutLSE/LSEDigest/pdf/LSEDigest2011to2012.pdf
Disallow: /aboutLSE/LSEDigest/pdf/LSE-Digest-2011-to-2012amendedByRequestFeb2013.pdf
Disallow: /aboutLSE/LSEDigest/pdf/LSEDigest2010-11.pdf
Disallow: /aboutLSE/LSEDigest/pdf/LSEDigest2011-2012_VersionApril2013.pdf
Disallow: /aboutLSE/LSEDigest/pdf/LSEDigest2009-10.pdf
Disallow: /Events/Search-Events
Disallow: /News/Search-News
Disallow: /People/Search-People
Disallow: /Programmes/Search-Courses
Disallow: /Research/Search-Research
Disallow: /Search-Results
Disallow: /resources/calendar/
sitemap.xml 200 OK
Type URL Set URLs 1 entries Valid XML Yes
Sample URLs:
A+
Domain Intelligence
lse.ac.uk — via No registrar listed. This domain is directly registered with Nominet., hosted on ZENGENTI, GB
PASS
lse.ac.uk — via No registrar listed. This domain is directly registered with Nominet., hosted on ZENGENTI, GB
Info::
Registrar: No registrar listed. This domain is directly registered with Nominet.
Warning::
Registrar lock is NOT enabled
The domain can be transferred without an unlock step. Enable registrar lock (clientTransferProhibited) in your registrar's control panel to protect against unauthorized or accidental transfers.
Info::
Hosting: ZENGENTI, GB
Got: AS60885
Domain expiry

Unknown

SSL certificate

116 days

Issued by Sectigo Limited

Domain age

Unknown

DNSSEC

Status unknown

Protects against DNS spoofing

Hosting

ZENGENTI, GB

ASN AS60885

185.18.139.132

Registrar

No registrar listed. This domain is directly registered with Nominet.

Unlocked 7 NS records
Expiry timeline
Today
+1 year
SSL expiry Danger zone (≤30 days)
Recommended actions
  • Enable registrar lock (clientTransferProhibited) to block unauthorized domain transfers
Registrar No registrar listed. This domain is directly registered with Nominet.
Name Servers ns0.ja.net, ns2.ja.net, ns3.ja.net, ns4.ja.net, auth03.ns.uu.net, ns1.surfnet.nl, dns-3.dfn.de
Registrant The JNT Association
Hosting
IP Address 185.18.139.132
ASN AS60885 (ZENGENTI, GB)
Provider ZENGENTI, GB
Data source: whois (0.7s)

The domain can be transferred without an unlock step. Enable registrar lock (clientTransferProhibited) in your registrar's control panel to protect against unauthorized or accidental transfers.

Why this matters

Without registrar lock, an attacker who phishes your registrar credentials can transfer the domain in minutes — total brand hijack.

Learn more ▾

Registrar lock (clientTransferProhibited, clientUpdateProhibited, clientDeleteProhibited) requires extra verification before any transfer/update/delete. Every major registrar offers it free. Combined with 2FA on your registrar account, it's the strongest defense against domain hijacking.

Source: ICANN / domain-security best practice

A+
HTTP Probe Timing
Total 72 ms — DNS, TCP, TLS, TTFB, content transfer breakdown
PASS
DNS Lookup DNS Lookup — time to resolve the domain name to an IP address.
11 ms
TCP Connect TCP Connect — time to establish a TCP connection to the server.
18 ms
TLS Handshake TLS Handshake — time to complete the HTTPS encryption handshake.
23 ms
Time to First Byte Time to First Byte — how long the server takes to respond with the first byte of data.
72 ms
Total Time Total request time from DNS lookup through full response.
73 ms

Connection waterfall

DNS Lookup 11 ms TCP Connect 18 ms TLS Handshake 23 ms Server Processing 20 ms Content Transfer 0 ms
All checks on this page are automated. Results are estimates - run targeted manual reviews when the score affects a release decision.

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