Lighthouse Desktop

· 0 checks — Desktop Lighthouse audit -- Performance, Accessibility, Best Practices, and SEO category breakdown.

SCORE

GRADE

FIX

REVIEW

PASS

INFO

Detailed Report

Audit breakdown by category with detailed findings.

Performance

Insights

Remove large, duplicate JavaScript modules from bundles to reduce unnecessary bytes consumed by network activity.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Polyfills and transforms enable older browsers to use new JavaScript features. However, many aren't necessary for modern browsers. Consider modifying your JavaScript build process to not transpile Baseline features, unless you know you must support older browsers. Learn why most sites can deploy ES6+ code without transpiling

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

3rd party code can significantly impact load performance. Reduce and defer loading of 3rd party code to prioritize your page's content.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Your first network request is the most important. Reduce its latency by avoiding redirects, ensuring a fast server response, and enabling text compression.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Consider setting font-display to swap or optional to ensure text is consistently visible. swap can be further optimized to mitigate layout shifts with font metric overrides.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

URL	Est Savings
/themes/custom/drupal_endeavour/src/fonts/font-icon/fonts...	35 ms

A forced reflow occurs when JavaScript queries geometric properties (such as offsetWidth) after styles have been invalidated by a change to the DOM state. This can result in poor performance. Learn more about forced reflows and possible mitigations.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

headings: [map[key:source label:Top function call valueType:source-location] map[granularity:1 key:reflowTime label:Total reflow time valueType:ms]]

items: [map[reflowTime:19.557 source:map[column:156 line:38 type:source-location url:https://www.southampton.ac.uk/sites/default/files/js/js_shU6vvHqi9wSh7DMC2ghuuzHgu9KyxdqFZsq7SIHAig.js?scope=footer&delta=0&language=en&theme=drupal_endeavour&include=eJyFUW1uwyAMvRCEIyFDTMJKcGRD2u70IylRu3bS_ljvy0biwRfcbCIYkQ088VBmJueQlUvwfTfH7NgnEElRSuf7RocrpXuIKZ2UaYmCnTGEjq7oVuWYroJ8XDNTIgdJv2pq5LpCsphHhI0qmxBvdkUWylYQ2M82kK9_BPs1KfcU8_TpL8Som3X5tDJetcSCOsN2utREdBbGJeb2JC9ifMsK6hDbIutdO8NSvUeRUJMNtVRGMU9Jd0nhrezvm8fS0KmaiKaEtsBkpjbe-bA39Ftc1KODvZ52eKUscUO7YK7mjQ9nO_JvUmr75xBltjNtyDEXzEW10v3FHHPYS_8BNN_iRw urlProvider:network]]]

headings: [map[key:source label:Source valueType:source-location] map[granularity:1 key:reflowTime label:Total reflow time valueType:ms]]

items: [map[reflowTime:77.89 source:map[type:text value:[unattributed]]] map[reflowTime:2.313 source:map[column:85575 line:5 type:source-location url:https://www.southampton.ac.uk/sites/default/files/js/js_shU6vvHqi9wSh7DMC2ghuuzHgu9KyxdqFZsq7SIHAig.js?scope=footer&delta=0&language=en&theme=drupal_endeavour&include=eJyFUW1uwyAMvRCEIyFDTMJKcGRD2u70IylRu3bS_ljvy0biwRfcbCIYkQ088VBmJueQlUvwfTfH7NgnEElRSuf7RocrpXuIKZ2UaYmCnTGEjq7oVuWYroJ8XDNTIgdJv2pq5LpCsphHhI0qmxBvdkUWylYQ2M82kK9_BPs1KfcU8_TpL8Som3X5tDJetcSCOsN2utREdBbGJeb2JC9ifMsK6hDbIutdO8NSvUeRUJMNtVRGMU9Jd0nhrezvm8fS0KmaiKaEtsBkpjbe-bA39Ftc1KODvZ52eKUscUO7YK7mjQ9nO_JvUmr75xBltjNtyDEXzEW10v3FHHPYS_8BNN_iRw urlProvider:network]] map[reflowTime:13.753 source:map[column:58206 line:106 type:source-location url:https://www.southampton.ac.uk/sites/default/files/js/js_shU6vvHqi9wSh7DMC2ghuuzHgu9KyxdqFZsq7SIHAig.js?scope=footer&delta=0&language=en&theme=drupal_endeavour&include=eJyFUW1uwyAMvRCEIyFDTMJKcGRD2u70IylRu3bS_ljvy0biwRfcbCIYkQ088VBmJueQlUvwfTfH7NgnEElRSuf7RocrpXuIKZ2UaYmCnTGEjq7oVuWYroJ8XDNTIgdJv2pq5LpCsphHhI0qmxBvdkUWylYQ2M82kK9_BPs1KfcU8_TpL8Som3X5tDJetcSCOsN2utREdBbGJeb2JC9ifMsK6hDbIutdO8NSvUeRUJMNtVRGMU9Jd0nhrezvm8fS0KmaiKaEtsBkpjbe-bA39Ftc1KODvZ52eKUscUO7YK7mjQ9nO_JvUmr75xBltjNtyDEXzEW10v3FHHPYS_8BNN_iRw urlProvider:network]] map[reflowTime:0.724 source:map[column:50335 line:5 type:source-location url:https://www.southampton.ac.uk/sites/default/files/js/js_shU6vvHqi9wSh7DMC2ghuuzHgu9KyxdqFZsq7SIHAig.js?scope=footer&delta=0&language=en&theme=drupal_endeavour&include=eJyFUW1uwyAMvRCEIyFDTMJKcGRD2u70IylRu3bS_ljvy0biwRfcbCIYkQ088VBmJueQlUvwfTfH7NgnEElRSuf7RocrpXuIKZ2UaYmCnTGEjq7oVuWYroJ8XDNTIgdJv2pq5LpCsphHhI0qmxBvdkUWylYQ2M82kK9_BPs1KfcU8_TpL8Som3X5tDJetcSCOsN2utREdBbGJeb2JC9ifMsK6hDbIutdO8NSvUeRUJMNtVRGMU9Jd0nhrezvm8fS0KmaiKaEtsBkpjbe-bA39Ftc1KODvZ52eKUscUO7YK7mjQ9nO_JvUmr75xBltjNtyDEXzEW10v3FHHPYS_8BNN_iRw urlProvider:network]] map[reflowTime:0.18 source:map[column:50393 line:5 type:source-location url:https://www.southampton.ac.uk/sites/default/files/js/js_shU6vvHqi9wSh7DMC2ghuuzHgu9KyxdqFZsq7SIHAig.js?scope=footer&delta=0&language=en&theme=drupal_endeavour&include=eJyFUW1uwyAMvRCEIyFDTMJKcGRD2u70IylRu3bS_ljvy0biwRfcbCIYkQ088VBmJueQlUvwfTfH7NgnEElRSuf7RocrpXuIKZ2UaYmCnTGEjq7oVuWYroJ8XDNTIgdJv2pq5LpCsphHhI0qmxBvdkUWylYQ2M82kK9_BPs1KfcU8_TpL8Som3X5tDJetcSCOsN2utREdBbGJeb2JC9ifMsK6hDbIutdO8NSvUeRUJMNtVRGMU9Jd0nhrezvm8fS0KmaiKaEtsBkpjbe-bA39Ftc1KODvZ52eKUscUO7YK7mjQ9nO_JvUmr75xBltjNtyDEXzEW10v3FHHPYS_8BNN_iRw urlProvider:network]] map[reflowTime:0.165 source:map[column:50457 line:5 type:source-location url:https://www.southampton.ac.uk/sites/default/files/js/js_shU6vvHqi9wSh7DMC2ghuuzHgu9KyxdqFZsq7SIHAig.js?scope=footer&delta=0&language=en&theme=drupal_endeavour&include=eJyFUW1uwyAMvRCEIyFDTMJKcGRD2u70IylRu3bS_ljvy0biwRfcbCIYkQ088VBmJueQlUvwfTfH7NgnEElRSuf7RocrpXuIKZ2UaYmCnTGEjq7oVuWYroJ8XDNTIgdJv2pq5LpCsphHhI0qmxBvdkUWylYQ2M82kK9_BPs1KfcU8_TpL8Som3X5tDJetcSCOsN2utREdBbGJeb2JC9ifMsK6hDbIutdO8NSvUeRUJMNtVRGMU9Jd0nhrezvm8fS0KmaiKaEtsBkpjbe-bA39Ftc1KODvZ52eKUscUO7YK7mjQ9nO_JvUmr75xBltjNtyDEXzEW10v3FHHPYS_8BNN_iRw urlProvider:network]] map[reflowTime:0.087 source:map[column:49637 line:5 type:source-location url:https://www.southampton.ac.uk/sites/default/files/js/js_shU6vvHqi9wSh7DMC2ghuuzHgu9KyxdqFZsq7SIHAig.js?scope=footer&delta=0&language=en&theme=drupal_endeavour&include=eJyFUW1uwyAMvRCEIyFDTMJKcGRD2u70IylRu3bS_ljvy0biwRfcbCIYkQ088VBmJueQlUvwfTfH7NgnEElRSuf7RocrpXuIKZ2UaYmCnTGEjq7oVuWYroJ8XDNTIgdJv2pq5LpCsphHhI0qmxBvdkUWylYQ2M82kK9_BPs1KfcU8_TpL8Som3X5tDJetcSCOsN2utREdBbGJeb2JC9ifMsK6hDbIutdO8NSvUeRUJMNtVRGMU9Jd0nhrezvm8fS0KmaiKaEtsBkpjbe-bA39Ftc1KODvZ52eKUscUO7YK7mjQ9nO_JvUmr75xBltjNtyDEXzEW10v3FHHPYS_8BNN_iRw urlProvider:network]] map[reflowTime:3.113 source:map[column:49615 line:5 type:source-location url:https://www.southampton.ac.uk/sites/default/files/js/js_shU6vvHqi9wSh7DMC2ghuuzHgu9KyxdqFZsq7SIHAig.js?scope=footer&delta=0&language=en&theme=drupal_endeavour&include=eJyFUW1uwyAMvRCEIyFDTMJKcGRD2u70IylRu3bS_ljvy0biwRfcbCIYkQ088VBmJueQlUvwfTfH7NgnEElRSuf7RocrpXuIKZ2UaYmCnTGEjq7oVuWYroJ8XDNTIgdJv2pq5LpCsphHhI0qmxBvdkUWylYQ2M82kK9_BPs1KfcU8_TpL8Som3X5tDJetcSCOsN2utREdBbGJeb2JC9ifMsK6hDbIutdO8NSvUeRUJMNtVRGMU9Jd0nhrezvm8fS0KmaiKaEtsBkpjbe-bA39Ftc1KODvZ52eKUscUO7YK7mjQ9nO_JvUmr75xBltjNtyDEXzEW10v3FHHPYS_8BNN_iRw urlProvider:network]] map[reflowTime:0.292 source:map[column:51395 line:5 type:source-location url:https://www.southampton.ac.uk/sites/default/files/js/js_shU6vvHqi9wSh7DMC2ghuuzHgu9KyxdqFZsq7SIHAig.js?scope=footer&delta=0&language=en&theme=drupal_endeavour&include=eJyFUW1uwyAMvRCEIyFDTMJKcGRD2u70IylRu3bS_ljvy0biwRfcbCIYkQ088VBmJueQlUvwfTfH7NgnEElRSuf7RocrpXuIKZ2UaYmCnTGEjq7oVuWYroJ8XDNTIgdJv2pq5LpCsphHhI0qmxBvdkUWylYQ2M82kK9_BPs1KfcU8_TpL8Som3X5tDJetcSCOsN2utREdBbGJeb2JC9ifMsK6hDbIutdO8NSvUeRUJMNtVRGMU9Jd0nhrezvm8fS0KmaiKaEtsBkpjbe-bA39Ftc1KODvZ52eKUscUO7YK7mjQ9nO_JvUmr75xBltjNtyDEXzEW10v3FHHPYS_8BNN_iRw urlProvider:network]] map[reflowTime:0.869 source:map[column:192999 line:95 type:source-location url:https://www.southampton.ac.uk/sites/default/files/js/js_shU6vvHqi9wSh7DMC2ghuuzHgu9KyxdqFZsq7SIHAig.js?scope=footer&delta=0&language=en&theme=drupal_endeavour&include=eJyFUW1uwyAMvRCEIyFDTMJKcGRD2u70IylRu3bS_ljvy0biwRfcbCIYkQ088VBmJueQlUvwfTfH7NgnEElRSuf7RocrpXuIKZ2UaYmCnTGEjq7oVuWYroJ8XDNTIgdJv2pq5LpCsphHhI0qmxBvdkUWylYQ2M82kK9_BPs1KfcU8_TpL8Som3X5tDJetcSCOsN2utREdBbGJeb2JC9ifMsK6hDbIutdO8NSvUeRUJMNtVRGMU9Jd0nhrezvm8fS0KmaiKaEtsBkpjbe-bA39Ftc1KODvZ52eKUscUO7YK7mjQ9nO_JvUmr75xBltjNtyDEXzEW10v3FHHPYS_8BNN_iRw urlProvider:network]]]

Reducing the download time of images can improve the perceived load time of the page and LCP. Learn more about optimizing image size

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

	URL	Resource Size	Est Savings
Rows of illuminated server racks with a blue glow, in a data centre, representi… `figure.banner__image > div > picture > img`	/sites/default/files/styles/banner_extra_large/public/202...	108.5 KiB	85.0 KiB
Illustration of white T-cells attacking a cancer cell with pink and purple colo… `figure.banner__image > div > picture > img`	/sites/default/files/styles/banner_extra_large/public/202...	60.8 KiB	45.4 KiB
Students collaborate in small groups supervised by a tutor in a bright, modern … `figure.banner__image > div > picture > img`	/sites/default/files/styles/banner_extra_large/public/202...	45.4 KiB	29.9 KiB
Guide taking students on a tour of the campus `figure.card__media > div > picture > img`	/sites/default/files/styles/card_500xstandard_16_9/public...	37.0 KiB	21.1 KiB
Two students seated together in the Bloomberg suite. One student gestures towar… `figure.banner__image > div > picture > img`	/sites/default/files/styles/banner_extra_large/public/202...	35.6 KiB	18.0 KiB
University of Southampton students playing kayak polo on a river, wearing red h… `figure.card__media > div > picture > img`	/sites/default/files/styles/card_500xstandard_16_9/public...	33.8 KiB	17.8 KiB
A white stone building against a bright blue sky with white clouds, part of Sou… `figure.card__media > div > picture > img`	/sites/default/files/styles/card_500xstandard_16_9/public...	27.9 KiB	12.0 KiB
An engineering researcher works on an experiment inside a giant metallic struct… `figure.card__media > div > picture > img`	/sites/default/files/styles/card_500xstandard_16_9/public...	27.4 KiB	11.4 KiB
University of Southampton students chatting and socialising together at an outd… `figure.card__media > div > picture > img`	/sites/default/files/styles/card_500xstandard_16_9/public...	22.5 KiB	6.5 KiB

Optimize LCP by making the LCP image discoverable from the HTML immediately, and avoiding lazy-loading

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

lhId: page-4-IMG

nodeLabel: Two students seated together in the Bloomberg suite. One student gestures towar…

path: 1,HTML,1,BODY,3,DIV,0,DIV,1,MAIN,6,ARTICLE,0,DIV,0,FIGURE,0,DIV,0,PICTURE,3,IMG

selector: figure.banner__image > div > picture > img

snippet: <img loading="eager" width="390" height="219" src="https://www.southampton.ac.uk/sites/default/files/styles/banner_extra_larg…" alt="Two students seated together in the Bloomberg suite. One student gestures …">

Avoid chaining critical requests by reducing the length of chains, reducing the download size of resources, or deferring the download of unnecessary resources to improve page load.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

description: [preconnect](https://developer.chrome.com/docs/lighthouse/performance/uses-rel-preconnect/) hints help the browser establish a connection earlier in the page load, saving time when the first request for that origin is made. The following are the origins that the page preconnected to.

title: Preconnected origins

value: no origins were preconnected

description: Add [preconnect](https://developer.chrome.com/docs/lighthouse/performance/uses-rel-preconnect/) hints to your most important origins, but try to use no more than 4.

title: Preconnect candidates

A long cache lifetime can speed up repeat visits to your page. Learn more about caching.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Request	Cache TTL	Transfer Size
cookie-cdn.cookiepro.com/scripttemplates/202411.1.0/otBannerSdk.js	86400.0 s	112.2 KiB
/logos/205e2739-01ea-492a-a7fd-6ee0c56dfbb9/36260f1b-6154...	86400.0 s	10.9 KiB
cookie-cdn.cookiepro.com/scripttemplates/otSDKStub.js	86400.0 s	9.3 KiB
cookie-cdn.cookiepro.com/logos/static/poweredBy_cp_logo.svg	86400.0 s	2.8 KiB

Requests are blocking the page's initial render, which may delay LCP. Deferring or inlining can move these network requests out of the critical path.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

URL	Transfer Size
www.southampton.ac.uk/modules/contrib/google_tag/js/gtm.js?tdtuep	2.1 KiB
www.southampton.ac.uk/modules/contrib/google_tag/js/gtag.js?tdtuep	2.1 KiB
/sites/default/files/js/js_Bc5eL1qbz-kOb7b6T9YXvIZ_RQrSMJ...	1.9 KiB
/sites/default/files/css/css_MAi4DIjzj6xmFG61W_xi1k2T5ihm...	42.5 KiB
/sites/default/files/css/css_ns8Wi_6K26M-aP7wbWWXvaG6Sf9h...	12.8 KiB

These insights are also available in the Chrome DevTools Performance Panel - record a trace to view more detailed information.

Diagnostics

Reduce unused rules from stylesheets and defer CSS not used for above-the-fold content to decrease bytes consumed by network activity. Learn how to reduce unused CSS.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Estimated savings: 40 ms 66.0 KiB

URL	Transfer Size	Est Savings
/sites/default/files/css/css_MAi4DIjzj6xmFG61W_xi1k2T5ihm...	40.8 KiB	37.2 KiB
	21.0 KiB	18.2 KiB
/sites/default/files/css/css_ns8Wi_6K26M-aP7wbWWXvaG6Sf9h...	11.1 KiB	10.6 KiB

Reduce unused JavaScript and defer loading scripts until they are required to decrease bytes consumed by network activity. Learn how to reduce unused JavaScript.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Estimated savings: 120 ms 287.7 KiB

URL	Transfer Size	Est Savings
/sites/default/files/js/js_shU6vvHqi9wSh7DMC2ghuuzHgu9Kyx...	164.5 KiB	96.4 KiB
www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=AW-879238842&cx=c&gtm=4e64h1	145.3 KiB	65.1 KiB
www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=GTM-PMMZ8Q	211.4 KiB	63.9 KiB
cookie-cdn.cookiepro.com/scripttemplates/202411.1.0/otBannerSdk.js	111.9 KiB	62.3 KiB

More information about the performance of your application. These numbers don't directly affect the Performance score.

Redirects introduce additional delays before the page can be loaded. Learn how to avoid page redirects.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Estimated savings: 231 ms

URL	Time Spent
southampton.ac.uk/	231 ms
www.southampton.ac.uk/	0.0 ms

●Time to Interactive 1.9 s

●Layout shift culprits

●Optimize DOM size

●LCP breakdown

●Modern HTTP

●Optimize viewport for mobile

●Max Potential First Input Delay 50 ms

●Minify CSS

●Minify JavaScript

●Avoids enormous network payloads Total size was 1,907 KiB

●JavaScript execution time 0.3 s

●Minimizes main-thread work 0.6 s

●Image elements have explicit `width` and `height`

●Page didn't prevent back/forward cache restoration

●Network Requests

●Network Round Trip Times 50 ms

●Server Backend Latencies 20 ms

●Tasks

●Diagnostics

●Metrics

●Screenshot Thumbnails

●Final Screenshot

●Script Treemap Data

●Resources Summary

●Initial server response time was short Root document took 80 ms

●Avoid large layout shifts 1 layout shift found

○INP breakdown

○User Timing marks and measures

○Avoid long main-thread tasks

○Avoid non-composited animations

Accessibility

These checks highlight opportunities to improve the accessibility of your web app. Automatic detection can only detect a subset of issues and does not guarantee the accessibility of your web app, so manual testing is also encouraged.

Names and labels

When a button doesn't have an accessible name, screen readers announce it as "button", making it unusable for users who rely on screen readers. Learn how to make buttons more accessible.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Failing Elements
body.page-node-homepage > div#mm-0 > div.dialog-off-canvas-main-canvas > button.button__scroll-up `body.page-node-homepage > div#mm-0 > div.dialog-off-canvas-main-canvas > button.button__scroll-up`

These are opportunities to improve the semantics of the controls in your application. This may enhance the experience for users of assistive technology, like a screen reader.

○Interactive controls are keyboard focusable

○Interactive elements indicate their purpose and state

○The page has a logical tab order

○Visual order on the page follows DOM order

○User focus is not accidentally trapped in a region

○The user's focus is directed to new content added to the page

○HTML5 landmark elements are used to improve navigation

○Offscreen content is hidden from assistive technology

○Custom controls have associated labels

○Custom controls have ARIA roles

●`[aria-*]` attributes match their roles

●`[aria-hidden="true"]` is not present on the document `<body>`

●`[role]`s have all required `[aria-*]` attributes

●`[role]` values are valid

●`[aria-*]` attributes have valid values

●`[aria-*]` attributes are valid and not misspelled

●Image elements have `[alt]` attributes

●Form elements have associated labels

●`[user-scalable="no"]` is not used in the `<meta name="viewport">` element and the `[maximum-scale]` attribute is not less than 5.

●Select elements have associated label elements.

●`button`, `link`, and `menuitem` elements have accessible names

●ARIA attributes are used as specified for the element's role

●Elements with `role="dialog"` or `role="alertdialog"` have accessible names.

●`[aria-hidden="true"]` elements do not contain focusable descendents

●Elements use only permitted ARIA attributes

●Background and foreground colors have a sufficient contrast ratio

●Document has a `<title>` element

●`<html>` element has a `[lang]` attribute

●`<html>` element has a valid value for its `[lang]` attribute

●Links have a discernible name

●Lists contain only `<li>` elements and script supporting elements (`<script>` and `<template>`).

●List items (`<li>`) are contained within `<ul>`, `<ol>` or `<menu>` parent elements

●No element has a `[tabindex]` value greater than 0

●Touch targets have sufficient size and spacing.

●Heading elements appear in a sequentially-descending order

●Document has a main landmark.

●Deprecated ARIA roles were not used

●Uses ARIA roles only on compatible elements

●Identical links have the same purpose.

○`[accesskey]` values are unique

○ARIA input fields have accessible names

○ARIA `meter` elements have accessible names

○ARIA `progressbar` elements have accessible names

○Elements with an ARIA `[role]` that require children to contain a specific `[role]` have all required children.

○`[role]`s are contained by their required parent element

○Elements with the `role=text` attribute do not have focusable descendents.

○ARIA toggle fields have accessible names

○ARIA `tooltip` elements have accessible names

○ARIA `treeitem` elements have accessible names

○The page contains a heading, skip link, or landmark region

○`<dl>`'s contain only properly-ordered `<dt>` and `<dd>` groups, `<script>`, `<template>` or `<div>` elements.

○Definition list items are wrapped in `<dl>` elements

○ARIA IDs are unique

○No form fields have multiple labels

○`<frame>` or `<iframe>` elements have a title

○`<html>` element has an `[xml:lang]` attribute with the same base language as the `[lang]` attribute.

○Input buttons have discernible text.

○`<input type="image">` elements have `[alt]` text

○Links are distinguishable without relying on color.

○The document does not use `<meta http-equiv="refresh">`

○`<object>` elements have alternate text

○Skip links are focusable.

○Cells in a `<table>` element that use the `[headers]` attribute refer to table cells within the same table.

○`<th>` elements and elements with `[role="columnheader"/"rowheader"]` have data cells they describe.

○`[lang]` attributes have a valid value

○`<video>` elements contain a `<track>` element with `[kind="captions"]`

○Tables have different content in the summary attribute and `<caption>`.

○All heading elements contain content.

○Image elements do not have `[alt]` attributes that are redundant text.

○Elements with visible text labels have matching accessible names.

○Tables use `<caption>` instead of cells with the `[colspan]` attribute to indicate a caption.

○`<td>` elements in a large `<table>` have one or more table headers.

100

Best Practices

General

Source maps translate minified code to the original source code. This helps developers debug in production. In addition, Lighthouse is able to provide further insights. Consider deploying source maps to take advantage of these benefits. Learn more about source maps.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

URL
/sites/default/files/js/js_shU6vvHqi9wSh7DMC2ghuuzHgu9Kyx...

●Uses HTTPS

●Avoids deprecated APIs

●Avoids third-party cookies

●Allows users to paste into input fields

●Avoids requesting the geolocation permission on page load

●Avoids requesting the notification permission on page load

●Displays images with correct aspect ratio

●Serves images with appropriate resolution

●Page has the HTML doctype

●Properly defines charset

●No browser errors logged to the console

●No issues in the `Issues` panel in Chrome Devtools

●Ensure CSP is effective against XSS attacks

●Ensure proper origin isolation with COOP

●Mitigate DOM-based XSS with Trusted Types

●Detected JavaScript libraries

○Redirects HTTP traffic to HTTPS

○Use a strong HSTS policy

○Mitigate clickjacking with XFO or CSP

SEO

These checks ensure that your page is following basic search engine optimization advice. There are many additional factors Lighthouse does not score here that may affect your search ranking, including performance on Core Web Vitals. Learn more about Google Search Essentials.

Content Best Practices

Meta descriptions may be included in search results to concisely summarize page content. Learn more about the meta description.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Descriptive link text helps search engines understand your content. Learn how to make links more accessible.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Link destination	Link Text
www.southampton.ac.uk/research/highlights/promoting-sustainable-aquaculture	Read more
www.southampton.ac.uk/research/highlights/finding-cancer-treatments-using-ai	Read more
/research/highlights/insights-from-mars-transforming-heal...	Read more
cookiepedia.co.uk/giving-consent-to-cookies	More information

Format your HTML in a way that enables crawlers to better understand your app’s content.

Crawling and Indexing

If your robots.txt file is malformed, crawlers may not be able to understand how you want your website to be crawled or indexed. Learn more about robots.txt.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Line #	Content	Error
65	`Disallow: https://www.southampton.ac.uk/research/areas/`	`Pattern should either be empty, start with "/" or "*"`
66	`Disallow: https://www.southampton.ac.uk/study/postgraduate-research/projects/`	`Pattern should either be empty, start with "/" or "*"`
67	`Disallow: https://www.southampton.ac.uk/research/search/all`	`Pattern should either be empty, start with "/" or "*"`
68	`Disallow: https://www.southampton.ac.uk/research/search/projects`	`Pattern should either be empty, start with "/" or "*"`
69	`Disallow: https://www.southampton.ac.uk/research/search/institutes-groups`	`Pattern should either be empty, start with "/" or "*"`
70	`Disallow: https://www.southampton.ac.uk/research/search/staff`	`Pattern should either be empty, start with "/" or "*"`
71	`Disallow: https://www.southampton.ac.uk/research/search/research-areas`	`Pattern should either be empty, start with "/" or "*"`
72	`Disallow: https://www.southampton.ac.uk/research/search/facilities`	`Pattern should either be empty, start with "/" or "*"`
73	`Disallow: https://www.southampton.ac.uk/research/search/highlights`	`Pattern should either be empty, start with "/" or "*"`
74	`Disallow: https://www.southampton.ac.uk/research/search/`	`Pattern should either be empty, start with "/" or "*"`

To appear in search results, crawlers need access to your app.

○Structured data is valid

●Page isn’t blocked from indexing

●Document has a `<title>` element

●Page has successful HTTP status code

●Links are crawlable

●Image elements have `[alt]` attributes

●Document has a valid `hreflang`

●Document has a valid `rel=canonical`