Accessibility

· 13 checks — Landmarks, headings, alt text, forms, and link quality rolled into one auditable list.

SCORE

GRADE

FIX

REVIEW

PASS

INFO

Checks

3 PASS 5 REVIEW 5 FIX

Favicon & Branding

Action

2 icon(s) detected

FIX

2 icon(s) detected

favicon.ico present at site root

HTML icon links detected

No apple-touch-icon detected

iOS devices use this when users add your site to their home screen. Add <link rel='apple-touch-icon' sizes='180x180' href='/apple-touch-icon.png'>.

✓ favicon.ico Present

✓ PNG Icons Present

✗ Apple Touch Missing

✗ SVG Favicon Missing

✗ Manifest Icons Missing

✗ Multiple Sizes Missing

Web Manifest

Action

Not found

FIX

Not found

No web manifest found

No manifest at standard paths (/manifest.json, /site.webmanifest). A manifest is optional but enables PWA features like home screen installation and standalone display.

No web manifest found.

Dark Mode Support

Action

No dark mode signals

FIX

No dark mode signals

No dark mode signals detected

Consider adding CSS with @media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) and <meta name='color-scheme' content='light dark'>.

Detection limited to meta tags and inline styles

External CSS files may contain prefers-color-scheme rules not visible to this scan.

Dark ModeNo Dark Mode Detected

color-scheme meta Not set ✗Dark theme-color Not set ✗CSS indicators Not detected ✗

Detection limited to meta tags and inline styles.

Print Stylesheet

Action

No print styles

FIX

No print styles

No print-specific styles detected

When users print this page, they get the screen layout including navigation and non-essential elements. Add @media print rules to hide navigation and optimize layout for paper.

Print Stylesheet No Print Styles

Print stylesheet Not found ✗Inline @media print Not detected ✗

Landmark Structure

1 landmarks

REVIEW

1 landmarks

<main> landmark present

No <nav> landmark found

No banner (header) landmark

No contentinfo (footer) landmark

Skip navigation link present

Page Structure — as a screen reader sees it

Link & Button Quality

2 issue(s) across 236 links and 3 buttons

REVIEW

2 issue(s) across 236 links and 3 buttons

2 link(s) with no accessible text

Links without text are announced as raw URLs by screen readers.

Got: a#main-content; /

234 link(s) with descriptive text

236 links

2 empty

0 generic text

0 new tab

0 empty buttons

Element	Text	Issue	Suggested Fix
	(empty)	empty	Add link text or aria-label
/	(empty)	empty	Add link text or aria-label

237 links and buttons have descriptive text

Links without text are announced as raw URLs by screen readers.

a#main-content; /

Why this matters

Links with no accessible text (empty <a></a>, image-only no alt, icon-only no aria-label) are unidentifiable to screen readers.

Source: WCAG 2.1 SC 2.4.4

404 Error Page

Action

HTTP 404, custom page

REVIEW

HTTP 404, custom page

Correct 404 status code returned

Got: HTTP 404

Custom styled 404 page

404 Page Quality ✓ Custom 404 Page

Status Code HTTP 404 ✓Page Title Penn State ✓Custom Styling ✓Navigation ✗Homepage Link ✗Search Form ✗

Color Contrast (Screenshot)

Action

20 text elements analyzed, 3 fail WCAG AA

REVIEW

Analyzes text contrast against the actual rendered page, including background images, gradients, and overlays that CSS-based tools cannot detect.

17 pass 3 fail WCAG AA

title The Pennsylvania State University

2.04:1

#000000

#1D3F7A

needs 4.5:1 (normal text)

16px · top of page (header area)

a Skip to main content

1.64:1

#000000

#113162

needs 4.5:1 (normal text)

16px · top of page (header area) · over background image/gradient

a Give

1.25:1

#000000

#001D42

needs 4.5:1 (normal text)

16px · top of page (header area)

1 contrast failures on background images/gradients

These failures are invisible to CSS-based accessibility tools like Lighthouse. The text may be fine on a solid background, but fails when rendered over an image or gradient.

Show all checked elements (20)

Element	Ratio	Required	FG	BG	Result
h1 We Are Penn State	19.95:1	3.0:1	#000000	#F9F9F9	Pass
h2 Unlimited Opportunit…	19.95:1	3.0:1	#000000	#F9F9F9	Pass
h2 Discover Penn State	19.95:1	3.0:1	#000000	#F9F9F9	Pass
h2 Latest News	19.95:1	3.0:1	#000000	#F9F9F9	Pass
h2 Explore	19.95:1	3.0:1	#000000	#F9F9F9	Pass
h2 Student Support	19.95:1	3.0:1	#000000	#F9F9F9	Pass
h2 Quick Links	19.95:1	3.0:1	#000000	#F9F9F9	Pass
h2 Resources	19.95:1	3.0:1	#000000	#F9F9F9	Pass
h2 Stay Connected	19.95:1	3.0:1	#000000	#F9F9F9	Pass
h3 $1.44B	19.95:1	3.0:1	#000000	#F9F9F9	Pass
h3 Top 6%	19.95:1	3.0:1	#000000	#F9F9F9	Pass
h3 800K+	19.95:1	3.0:1	#000000	#F9F9F9	Pass
h3 Find Your Fit	19.95:1	3.0:1	#000000	#F9F9F9	Pass
h3 3D-printed brain sen…	19.95:1	3.0:1	#000000	#F9F9F9	Pass
h3 Prompt coaching tool…	19.95:1	3.0:1	#000000	#F9F9F9	Pass
h3 Bone cancer drug cli…	19.95:1	3.0:1	#000000	#F9F9F9	Pass
h3 Plant scientists rec…	19.95:1	3.0:1	#000000	#F9F9F9	Pass
title The Pennsylvania Sta…	2.04:1	4.5:1	#000000	#1D3F7A	Fail
a Skip to main content	1.64:1	4.5:1	#000000	#113162	Fail
a Give	1.25:1	4.5:1	#000000	#001D42	Fail

Methodology: The top 20 text elements by font size were checked. Background color was sampled from the desktop screenshot using a 5-point pattern. WCAG 2.1 AA requires 4.5:1 for normal text and 3:1 for large text.

Lighthouse Accessibility Audits

Score 87/100 — 3 failing, 25 passed

REVIEW

Accessibility

These checks highlight opportunities to improve the accessibility of your web app. Automatic detection can only detect a subset of issues and does not guarantee the accessibility of your web app, so manual testing is also encouraged.

ARIA

Some ARIA child roles must be contained by specific parent roles to properly perform their intended accessibility functions. Learn more about ARIA roles and required parent element.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Failing Elements
Phone: 1-814-865-4700 `div.theme-cache-6wb2vd > div.theme-cache-197wvqq > ul.theme-cache-17sw09l > li#react-aria2520642587-:r3:-option-Phone`
IconButton-to:https://www.instagram.com/pennstate/ `div.theme-cache-6wb2vd > div.theme-cache-197wvqq > ul.theme-cache-igrr55 > li#react-aria2520642587-:rb:-option-instagram`
IconButton-to:https://www.facebook.com/pennstate/ `div.theme-cache-6wb2vd > div.theme-cache-197wvqq > ul.theme-cache-igrr55 > li#react-aria2520642587-:rb:-option-facebook`
IconButton-to:https://www.linkedin.com/school/penn-state-university/ `div.theme-cache-6wb2vd > div.theme-cache-197wvqq > ul.theme-cache-igrr55 > li#react-aria2520642587-:rb:-option-linkedIn`
IconButton-to:https://www.youtube.com/@pennstate `div.theme-cache-6wb2vd > div.theme-cache-197wvqq > ul.theme-cache-igrr55 > li#react-aria2520642587-:rb:-option-youtube`
IconButton-to:https://www.tiktok.com/@pennstate `div.theme-cache-6wb2vd > div.theme-cache-197wvqq > ul.theme-cache-igrr55 > li#react-aria2520642587-:rb:-option-tiktok`
The Pennsylvania State University `div.theme-cache-1z0mioj > div.theme-cache-k9wxnk > ul.theme-cache-1x6v9v1 > li#react-aria-:RjauikqH1:-option-ThePennsylvaniaStateUniversity`
Privacy Statements `div.theme-cache-1z0mioj > div.theme-cache-k9wxnk > ul.theme-cache-1x6v9v1 > li#react-aria-:RjauikqH1:-option-PrivacyStatements`
Non Discrimination `div.theme-cache-1z0mioj > div.theme-cache-k9wxnk > ul.theme-cache-1x6v9v1 > li#react-aria-:RjauikqH1:-option-NonDiscrimination`
Accessibility `div.theme-cache-1z0mioj > div.theme-cache-k9wxnk > ul.theme-cache-1x6v9v1 > li#react-aria-:RjauikqH1:-option-Accessibility`
Legal Statements `div.theme-cache-1z0mioj > div.theme-cache-k9wxnk > ul.theme-cache-1x6v9v1 > li#react-aria-:RjauikqH1:-option-LegalStatements`

These are opportunities to improve the usage of ARIA in your application which may enhance the experience for users of assistive technology, like a screen reader.

Names and labels

Link text (and alternate text for images, when used as links) that is discernible, unique, and focusable improves the navigation experience for screen reader users. Learn how to make links accessible.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Failing Elements
div.theme-cache-6wb2vd > div.theme-cache-ke0jlw > div.theme-cache-197wvqq > a.hover-underline `div.theme-cache-6wb2vd > div.theme-cache-ke0jlw > div.theme-cache-197wvqq > a.hover-underline`

These are opportunities to improve the semantics of the controls in your application. This may enhance the experience for users of assistive technology, like a screen reader.

Tables and lists

Screen readers have a specific way of announcing lists. Ensuring proper list structure aids screen reader output. Learn more about proper list structure.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Failing Elements
Phone: 1-814-865-4700 `div.theme-cache-1ykt47k > div.theme-cache-6wb2vd > div.theme-cache-197wvqq > ul.theme-cache-17sw09l`
IconButton-to:https://www.instagram.com/pennstate/ `div.theme-cache-1ykt47k > div.theme-cache-6wb2vd > div.theme-cache-197wvqq > ul.theme-cache-igrr55`
The Pennsylvania State University Privacy Statements Non Discrimination Accessi… `div.theme-cache-f3cvlx > div.theme-cache-1z0mioj > div.theme-cache-k9wxnk > ul.theme-cache-1x6v9v1`

These are opportunities to improve the experience of reading tabular or list data using assistive technology, like a screen reader.

○Interactive controls are keyboard focusable

○Interactive elements indicate their purpose and state

○The page has a logical tab order

○Visual order on the page follows DOM order

○User focus is not accidentally trapped in a region

○The user's focus is directed to new content added to the page

○HTML5 landmark elements are used to improve navigation

○Offscreen content is hidden from assistive technology

○Custom controls have associated labels

○Custom controls have ARIA roles

●`[aria-*]` attributes match their roles

●`[aria-hidden="true"]` is not present on the document `<body>`

●`[role]`s have all required `[aria-*]` attributes

●`[role]` values are valid

●`[aria-*]` attributes have valid values

●`[aria-*]` attributes are valid and not misspelled

●Buttons have an accessible name

●Image elements have `[alt]` attributes

●`[user-scalable="no"]` is not used in the `<meta name="viewport">` element and the `[maximum-scale]` attribute is not less than 5.

●ARIA attributes are used as specified for the element's role

●`[aria-hidden="true"]` elements do not contain focusable descendents

●Elements use only permitted ARIA attributes

●ARIA toggle fields have accessible names

●Background and foreground colors have a sufficient contrast ratio

●Document has a `<title>` element

●`<html>` element has a `[lang]` attribute

●`<html>` element has a valid value for its `[lang]` attribute

●No element has a `[tabindex]` value greater than 0

●Touch targets have sufficient size and spacing.

●Heading elements appear in a sequentially-descending order

●Document has a main landmark.

●Deprecated ARIA roles were not used

●ARIA IDs are unique

●`<video>` elements contain a `<track>` element with `[kind="captions"]`

●Image elements do not have `[alt]` attributes that are redundant text.

○`[accesskey]` values are unique

○`button`, `link`, and `menuitem` elements have accessible names

○Elements with `role="dialog"` or `role="alertdialog"` have accessible names.

○ARIA input fields have accessible names

○ARIA `meter` elements have accessible names

○ARIA `progressbar` elements have accessible names

○Elements with an ARIA `[role]` that require children to contain a specific `[role]` have all required children.

○Elements with the `role=text` attribute do not have focusable descendents.

○ARIA `tooltip` elements have accessible names

○ARIA `treeitem` elements have accessible names

○The page contains a heading, skip link, or landmark region

○`<dl>`'s contain only properly-ordered `<dt>` and `<dd>` groups, `<script>`, `<template>` or `<div>` elements.

○Definition list items are wrapped in `<dl>` elements

○No form fields have multiple labels

○`<frame>` or `<iframe>` elements have a title

○`<html>` element has an `[xml:lang]` attribute with the same base language as the `[lang]` attribute.

○Input buttons have discernible text.

○`<input type="image">` elements have `[alt]` text

○Form elements have associated labels

○Links are distinguishable without relying on color.

○List items (`<li>`) are contained within `<ul>`, `<ol>` or `<menu>` parent elements

○The document does not use `<meta http-equiv="refresh">`

○`<object>` elements have alternate text

○Select elements have associated label elements.

○Skip links are focusable.

○Cells in a `<table>` element that use the `[headers]` attribute refer to table cells within the same table.

○`<th>` elements and elements with `[role="columnheader"/"rowheader"]` have data cells they describe.

○`[lang]` attributes have a valid value

○Tables have different content in the summary attribute and `<caption>`.

○All heading elements contain content.

○Uses ARIA roles only on compatible elements

○Identical links have the same purpose.

○Elements with visible text labels have matching accessible names.

○Tables use `<caption>` instead of cells with the `[colspan]` attribute to indicate a caption.

○`<td>` elements in a large `<table>` have one or more table headers.

A+

Heading Hierarchy

20 headings

PASS

20 headings

Single H1 present

H1 We Are Penn State
H2 World-Class Education
H2 Interdisciplinary Research
H2 Global Service and Impact
H2 Unlimited Opportunities
H3 $1.44B
H3 Top 6%
H3 800K+
H2 Discover Penn State
H3 Find Your Fit
H2 Latest News
H3 3D-printed brain sensors may unlock personalized neural monitoring
H3 Prompt coaching tool raises user awareness of bias in generative AI systems
H3 Bone cancer drug clinical trial for children, young adults launches
H3 Plant scientists receive $1.96M NIH grant to study plant-bacteria partnerships
H2 Explore
H2 Student Support
H2 Quick Links
H2 Resources
H2 Stay Connected

A+

Alt Text Quality

All 9 images OK

PASS

All 9 images OK

9 image(s) with good alt text

9 images 9 good alt text

All images have appropriate alt text.

A+

Form Accessibility

No form controls

PASS

No form controls

No form controls on this page

No form controls found.

All checks on this page are automated. Results are estimates - run targeted manual reviews when the score affects a release decision.