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Infrastructure

· 9 checks — DNS, redirects, IPv6, crawlability, URL variants, and domain intelligence rolled into one auditable list.
SCORE
83
GRADE
B
FIX
1
REVIEW
4
PASS
4
INFO
0
Probed from Madrid, Spain
301 Moved Permanently
Checks
9
4 PASS 4 REVIEW 1 FIX
D
CDN & Delivery
Action
No CDN detected
FIX
No CDN detected
Warning::
No CDN detected
A CDN can significantly improve load times for users around the world by caching content at edge nodes closer to them.
No CDN detected

Consider using a CDN to improve global delivery speed and reduce origin load.

B
Redirect Chain
1 redirect(s), 1121 ms total
REVIEW
1 redirect(s), 1121 ms total
Info::
Single redirect
Got: https://sagepub.com → https://www.sagepub.com/ (301)
Info::
WWW normalization redirect
Warning::
Redirect overhead: 1121 ms total
Got: 1121 ms

https://sagepub.com

465 ms · HTTP/1.1

301

https://www.sagepub.com/

656 ms · HTTP/1.1 FINAL

#URLStatusTimeProtocolServer
1https://sagepub.com301465 msHTTP/1.1Microsoft-Azure-Application-Gateway/v2
2https://www.sagepub.com/200656 msHTTP/1.1Microsoft-IIS/10.0

See the visual redirect chain in the HTTP Probe tab →

C
IPv6 Readiness
Action
No IPv6 support
REVIEW
No IPv6 support
Info::
No IPv6 (AAAA) records found
IPv6 support is increasingly important for global accessibility. About 40% of internet users have IPv6 connectivity.
No IPv6 Support
About 40% of internet users have IPv6. Consider adding AAAA records.

IPv6 support is increasingly important for global accessibility. About 40% of internet users have IPv6 connectivity.

Why this matters

No AAAA records — same impact as 'no IPv6 (AAAA) records'; IPv6-preferring clients pay extra latency falling back to IPv4.

Source: Google IPv6 stats

B
URL Variants
www/non-www, trailing slash, HTTP→HTTPS
REVIEW
www/non-www, trailing slash, HTTP→HTTPS
Critical::
Both www and non-www versions serve content
Got: Both variants return 200 Expected: One variant 301-redirects to the other
Info::
HTTP correctly 301-redirects to HTTPS

www / non-www

200https://www.sagepub.com/
200https://sagepub.com/

Inconsistent — duplicate content risk

HTTP → HTTPS

301http://sagepub.com/ https://www.sagepub.com/

Consistent

B
TLS Certificate Expiry & Recommendations
166 days until leaf cert expires — 3 issues to address
REVIEW

Certificate validity

166
days left
0d 30d 60d 90d+

Recommended actions

  • Enable HSTS: Strict-Transport-Security: max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains
  • Enable DNSSEC on your domain for DNS spoofing protection
  • Enable OCSP stapling on your TLS server to remove a CA roundtrip and protect user privacy
A+
DNS Records
1 A records, 62 ms lookup
PASS
1 A records, 62 ms lookup
Info::
Resolves to 1 IPv4 address(es)
Got: 13.64.115.186
Info::
Single A record — no DNS redundancy
Multiple A records provide failover if one server goes down.
Info::
No IPv6 (AAAA) records
Info::
4 nameserver(s) configured
Got: ns4-08.azure-dns.info, ns3-08.azure-dns.org, ns2-08.azure-dns.net, ns1-08.azure-dns.com
Info::
1 mail exchanger(s) configured
Info::
CAA records not checked
CAA record lookup requires a specialized DNS resolver. This check will be available in a future update.
Info::
SPF record present in TXT
Info::
DNS resolution time: 62 ms
Got: 62 ms
A13.64.115.186
AAAA
CNAME
NSns4-08.azure-dns.info, ns3-08.azure-dns.org, ns2-08.azure-dns.net, ns1-08.azure-dns.com
MX
10 sagepub-com.mail.protection.outlook.com
TXT
pinterest-site-verification=f4441b3e9e74e101e2918ecbf76f9d52
google-site-verification=rh_BruBYHChczaA83r0CSK1GvqakaJweN_5X_J5ZaQw
zoho-verification=zb21711213.zmverify.zoho.in
atlassian-domain-verification=6sElNFKvMPUJcTgu0Z1hdkN56mKCgMiQ0fLCMn8aXas3lmzmjP...
mentimeter-a1d96b23-99e3-4cdc-a292-f33f0f4236b6
cloudflare_dashboard_sso=8a7f3a84969939a6dd65e764bc77d5ed
google-site-verification=cGAVbBB9ZcmWkIHGDPgsljSR6R7PLg0ZE-EYJ9L3gEM
_globalsign-domain-verification=LOWe8o5b8M5jF91_NdqFCcp55JzNqaG9vaYxpU1A2p
d365mktkey=MA8x79nM5G7aJusXTBCbJW7dvWS8xVjRHzVQgbDnL9ox
atlassian-domain-verification=5DlbeQgyIv8ZRAizNkneGnLUxwlXSWGI86PxJiRELSAM2mcIFV...
_0vvh0jjkryvwvwk20pmn5ha6dsf2np9
SPF v=spf1 include:spf.protection.outlook.com include:sendgrid.net include:_spf.sage...
facebook-domain-verification=7df65pnngad8yfu9h3cd2r0z2t22ar
onetrust-domain-verification=ad16d4347a824233ba988af1caebb98c
duo_sso_verification=RPvX6c3chfE1sJUQtRyfnTKavWm3JookCR1H21zxeiFugO7XOzKcp5lmVwJ...
MS=1CF4FB1A606AEC5EC512A1C4A9B53571E7637E78
uPtBzJYoOG56oRBiYO2ZDc3OLe4PoI2p/3mWJlww9vikWe8nq36nn/W598fbAYmcCKvnA2DKO0VKEeMl...
d365mktkey=sOAhdwVZSJtTbte2w1RF60rSkPox49sFe8wxxoV4hZYx
anthropic-domain-verification-cbb5xv=bLD3J3dI6qfF9H3F53JGaZBM9
atlassian-sending-domain-verification=1cb5eb58-e37c-422c-b214-fa96592956f6
_k6hc5o1z7m99ep9c0upa935fm2cfay0
apple-domain-verification=wXXY2b3jDpAyZxC4
ca3-86594d46640c41929c2246a5cbdda926
CAALookup not available with standard resolver
Resolved in 62 ms

Multiple A records provide failover if one server goes down.

Why this matters

Single A record means a single point of failure — if that IP goes down, your site is unreachable until DNS TTL expires.

Learn more

Add multiple A records for round-robin failover, or use a managed DNS provider with health-checked failover (Route 53, Cloudflare, NS1). Short TTL (60-300s) lets clients recover faster on outages.

Source: SRE practice / DNS architecture

CAA record lookup requires a specialized DNS resolver. This check will be available in a future update.

Why this matters

Informational: CAA (Certification Authority Authorization) records weren't checked in this scan.

A+
Crawlability
robots.txt present, sitemap with 3 URLs
PASS
robots.txt present, sitemap with 3 URLs
Info::
robots.txt is present
Got: 2581 bytes
Info::
sitemap.xml is present
Info::
sitemap.xml is valid XML
Info::
sitemap.xml contains 3 entries
Info::
Sitemap index with 3 child sitemaps
Info::
robots.txt references sitemap
robots.txt 200 OK
Size 2581 B Sitemaps referenced 1 User-agents Omgilibot, anthropic-ai, meta-externalagent, yeti, Applebot, baiduspider, AdsBot-Google, bingbot, msnbot, ia_archiver, Omgili, naverbot, Mediapartners-Google, yandex, Bytespider, Googlebot-Mobile, Googlebot-Video, Robozilla, Storebot-Google, ImagesiftBot, CCBot, Gigabot, GPTBot, Google-Extended, Nutch, Teoma, Googlebot-Image, Slurp, Amazonbot, ClaudeBot, msnbot-media, adidxbot, ChatGPT-User, cohere-ai, Googlebot, Diffbot, *, Googlebot-News, yahoo-mmcrawler, Applebot-Extended Blocking No — crawling allowed
############################################
## GENERAL DISALLOW RULES 
#############################################

## Directories
User-agent: *
Disallow: /sitefinity/
Disallow: /Sitefinity/
Disallow: /misc/
Disallow: /modules/
Disallow: /profiles/
Disallow: /scripts/
Disallow: /themes/

## Specific Course paths from old Drupal US
User-agent: *
Disallow: /en-us/cab/product/Course*
Disallow: /en-us/nam/product/Course*


#############################################
# GENERAL CRAWLER DISALLOW RULES
# We don't know about their intentions, so block 'em
#############################################
User-agent: Robozilla
Disallow: / 
User-agent: Gigabot
Disallow: /
User-agent: Nutch
Disallow: /
User-agent: naverbot
Disallow: /
User-agent: yeti
Disallow: /

#############################################
## SPECIFIC CRAWLER RULES
#############################################

# Apple
User-agent: Applebot
Disallow:

# Ask
User-agent: Teoma
Disallow: 

# Baidu
User-agent: baiduspider
Disallow: 
Crawl-delay: 10

# Google
User-agent: Googlebot
Disallow: 
User-agent: Googlebot-Image
Disallow: 
User-agent: Googlebot-Mobile
Disallow: 
User-agent: Googlebot-News
Disallow:
User-agent: Googlebot-Video
Disallow:
User-agent: Storebot-Google
Disallow: /
User-agent: Mediapartners-Google
Disallow:
User-agent: AdsBot-Google
Disallow:

# Microsoft
User-agent: bingbot
Disallow: 
Crawl-delay: 10
User-agent: msnbot
Disallow: 
Crawl-delay: 10
User-agent: msnbot-media
Disallow: 
Crawl-delay: 10
User-agent: adidxbot
Disallow: 
Crawl-delay: 10

# Yahoo
User-agent: Slurp
Disallow:
Crawl-delay: 10
User-agent: yahoo-mmcrawler
Disallow: 
Crawl-delay: 10
User-agent: yandex
Disallow: 
Crawl-delay: 10

# Wayback 
User-agent: ia_archiver
Disallow: 
Crawl-delay: 10
 
#############################################
## KNOWN AI CRAWLER RULES
#############################################
## ALLOWED
User-agent: Applebot-Extended
User-agent: Google-Extended
User-agent: GPTBot
User-Agent: ChatGPT-User
Disallow: 

## DISALLOWED
# General 
User-Agent: Omgilibot
User-Agent: Omgili
User-Agent: Diffbot
User-Agent: ImagesiftBot
User-Agent: cohere-ai
Disallow: /

# Amazon
User-agent: Amazonbot
Disallow: /
# TikTok
User-agent: Bytespider
Disallow: /
# Common Crawl
User-agent: CCBot
Disallow: /
# Claude Anthropic
User-Agent: anthropic-ai
User-agent: ClaudeBot
Disallow: /
# Meta Facebook
User-agent: meta-externalagent
Disallow: /

#############################################
## SITEMAP 
#############################################

Sitemap: https://www.sagepub.com/sitemap/sitemap-index.xml
A+
Domain Intelligence
sagepub.com — via Network Solutions, LLC, 37 years, 5 months old, hosted on Microsoft Azure
PASS
sagepub.com — via Network Solutions, LLC, 37 years, 5 months old, hosted on Microsoft Azure
Info::
Domain registered until May 17, 2027 (1 years, 1 months remaining)
Info::
DNSSEC is not enabled
DNSSEC protects against DNS spoofing attacks. While not required, enabling DNSSEC adds an additional layer of security. Contact your DNS provider to enable it.
Info::
Registrar: Network Solutions, LLC
Warning::
Registrar lock is NOT enabled
The domain can be transferred without an unlock step. Enable registrar lock (clientTransferProhibited) in your registrar's control panel to protect against unauthorized or accidental transfers.
Info::
Hosting: Microsoft Azure
Got: AS8075
Domain expiry

337 days

May 17, 2027

SSL certificate

166 days

Issued by DigiCert Inc

Domain age

37 years, 5 months

Registered May 16, 1989

DNSSEC

Not enabled

Protects against DNS spoofing

Hosting

Microsoft Azure

ASN AS8075

13.64.115.186

Registrar

Network Solutions, LLC

Unlocked 4 NS records
Expiry timeline
Today
+1 year
Domain expiry SSL expiry Danger zone (≤30 days)
Recommended actions
  • Enable DNSSEC to protect visitors from DNS spoofing
  • Enable registrar lock (clientTransferProhibited) to block unauthorized domain transfers
Registrar Network Solutions, LLC
Created May 16, 1989 (37 years, 5 months ago)
Expires May 17, 2027 (1 years, 1 months)
Last Updated December 18, 2025
Name Servers ns1-08.azure-dns.com, ns2-08.azure-dns.net, ns3-08.azure-dns.org, ns4-08.azure-dns.info
DNSSEC Not enabled
Hosting
IP Address 13.64.115.186
ASN AS8075 (MICROSOFT-CORP-MSN-AS-BLOCK - Microsoft Corporation, US)
Provider Microsoft Azure
Data source: rdap (0.2s)

DNSSEC protects against DNS spoofing attacks. While not required, enabling DNSSEC adds an additional layer of security. Contact your DNS provider to enable it.

Why this matters

Without DNSSEC, an attacker who can poison your DNS can hijack your domain — and SSL certs alone don't stop them.

Learn more

DNSSEC adds cryptographic signatures to DNS records, preventing forged responses from poisoning resolver caches. Without it, an attacker who controls the network path can redirect your domain to a malicious server before any HTTPS handshake happens. Most modern registrars (Cloudflare, Google Domains, Route 53) enable it with one toggle.

Source: ICANN / RFC 4033

The domain can be transferred without an unlock step. Enable registrar lock (clientTransferProhibited) in your registrar's control panel to protect against unauthorized or accidental transfers.

Why this matters

Without registrar lock, an attacker who phishes your registrar credentials can transfer the domain in minutes — total brand hijack.

Learn more

Registrar lock (clientTransferProhibited, clientUpdateProhibited, clientDeleteProhibited) requires extra verification before any transfer/update/delete. Every major registrar offers it free. Combined with 2FA on your registrar account, it's the strongest defense against domain hijacking.

Source: ICANN / domain-security best practice

A
HTTP Probe Timing
Total 542 ms — DNS, TCP, TLS, TTFB, content transfer breakdown
PASS
DNS Lookup DNS Lookup — time to resolve the domain name to an IP address.
40 ms
TCP Connect TCP Connect — time to establish a TCP connection to the server.
167 ms
TLS Handshake TLS Handshake — time to complete the HTTPS encryption handshake.
168 ms
Time to First Byte Time to First Byte — how long the server takes to respond with the first byte of data.
542 ms
Total Time Total request time from DNS lookup through full response.
542 ms

Connection waterfall

DNS Lookup 40 ms TCP Connect 167 ms TLS Handshake 168 ms Server Processing 167 ms Content Transfer 0 ms
All checks on this page are automated. Results are estimates - run targeted manual reviews when the score affects a release decision.

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