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Lighthouse Desktop

· 0 checks — Desktop Lighthouse audit -- Performance, Accessibility, Best Practices, and SEO category breakdown.
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Detailed Report

Audit breakdown by category with detailed findings.

65

Performance

Insights

Remove large, duplicate JavaScript modules from bundles to reduce unnecessary bytes consumed by network activity.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Polyfills and transforms enable older browsers to use new JavaScript features. However, many aren't necessary for modern browsers. Consider modifying your JavaScript build process to not transpile Baseline features, unless you know you must support older browsers. Learn why most sites can deploy ES6+ code without transpiling

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

3rd party code can significantly impact load performance. Reduce and defer loading of 3rd party code to prioritize your page's content.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

A long cache lifetime can speed up repeat visits to your page. Learn more about caching.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

RequestCache TTLTransfer Size
eu-assets.i.posthog.com/static/array.js300.0 s67.1 KiB
cdn-ukwest.onetrust.com/scripttemplates/202511.1.0/otBannerSdk.js86400.0 s124.5 KiB
/sfrenderer/scripts/HawkSearch/vendor.bundle.js?assembly_...604800.0 s426.4 KiB
eu-assets.i.posthog.com/static/surveys.js?v=1.369.0300.0 s32.0 KiB
www.google.com/books/javascript/api_dfa8a77636c91e16af18e0056cae178b__en.js2419200.0 s128.1 KiB
www.google.com/books/javascript/jsapi_dfa8a77636c91e16af18e0056cae178b__en.js2419200.0 s120.9 KiB
cdn-ukwest.onetrust.com/scripttemplates/otSDKStub.js86400.0 s9.1 KiB
/sfrenderer/scripts/bootstrap.bundle.min.js?package_name=...604800.0 s26.6 KiB
/sfrenderer/scripts/HawkSearch/main.js?assembly_name=Core...604800.0 s18.4 KiB
/array/phc_lRjLLAqY28nfIBUvd29OG31zhVGnTB70hKWzE6uAtDS/co...300.0 s1.8 KiB
cdn.insight.sitefinity.com/sdk/sitefinity-insight-client.min.3.1.44.js604800.0 s11.3 KiB
/sfrenderer/scripts/CartStatus/global.min.js?assembly_nam...604800.0 s6.0 KiB
/sfrenderer/scripts/LoginForm/login-shared-tools.min.js?a...604800.0 s3.5 KiB
/sfrenderer/scripts/LocationSelector/location.min.js?asse...604800.0 s1.6 KiB
/sfrenderer/scripts/Shared/dataLayers.min.js?assembly_nam...604800.0 s1.5 KiB
/sfrenderer/scripts/LoginStatus/global.min.js?assembly_na...604800.0 s1.3 KiB
/sfrenderer/scripts/Shared/hawksearchEvents.min.js?assemb...604800.0 s1.2 KiB
www.sagepub.com/sfrenderer/scripts/lazy-components.min.js604800.0 s1.1 KiB
/sfrenderer/scripts/LinkToAnchor/link-to-anchor.min.js?as...604800.0 s1020 B
/sfrenderer/scripts/DarkModeToggle/default.min.js?assembl...604800.0 s888 B
/sfrenderer/scripts/ContentBlock/anchor-link.min.js?assem...604800.0 s766 B
/sfrenderer/scripts/MegaMenu/mega-menu-horizontal.min.js?...604800.0 s736 B
/sfrenderer/scripts/Shared/cartProductCache.min.js?assemb...604800.0 s676 B
/sfrenderer/scripts/HawkSearch/hawksearch-redirect.min.js...604800.0 s619 B

Your first network request is the most important. Reduce its latency by avoiding redirects, ensuring a fast server response, and enabling text compression.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Consider setting font-display to swap or optional to ensure text is consistently visible. swap can be further optimized to mitigate layout shifts with font metric overrides.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

URLEst Savings
/global/styles/fonts/bootstrap-icons.woff2?24e3eb84d0bcaf...275 ms

Reducing the download time of images can improve the perceived load time of the page and LCP. Learn more about optimizing image size

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

URLResource SizeEst Savings
div.col-md-6 > div.card-image > picture > img.d-inline-block div.col-md-6 > div.card-image > picture > img.d-inline-block
/images/default-source/corporate-comms/us-juneteenth-1.pn...1.6 MiB1.6 MiB
Diversity Equity and Inclusion image div.card > div.card-image > picture > img.d-inline-block
/images/default-source/homepage-images/diversity_homepage...195.0 KiB180.0 KiB
Sara Miller McCune in 1965 div.col-md-6 > div.card-image > picture > img.d-inline-block
/images/default-source/homepage-images/sara-miller-mccune...169.2 KiB148.2 KiB
A printed brochure of the Independence with impact report 2025 div.col-md-6 > div.card-image > picture > img.d-inline-block
/images/default-source/corporate-comms/c26_6194-_the-sour...106.1 KiB85.0 KiB
Book icons div.card > div.card-image > picture > img.d-inline-block
www.sagepub.com/images/default-source/homepage-images/bg-1.jpg?sfvrsn=f33686f4_230.5 KiB22.2 KiB
Speech bubble icons div.card > div.card-image > picture > img.d-inline-block
www.sagepub.com/images/default-source/homepage-images/bg-2.jpg?sfvrsn=7d2964a_229.3 KiB21.6 KiB

Each subpart has specific improvement strategies. Ideally, most of the LCP time should be spent on loading the resources, not within delays.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

headings: [map[key:label label:Subpart valueType:text] map[key:duration label:Duration valueType:ms]]
items: [map[duration:630.233 label:Time to first byte subpart:timeToFirstByte] map[duration:682.017 label:Resource load delay subpart:resourceLoadDelay] map[duration:163.81 label:Resource load duration subpart:resourceLoadDuration] map[duration:1198.747 label:Element render delay subpart:elementRenderDelay]]
lhId: page-6-DIV
nodeLabel: 60 years of independence Sage is a global academic publisher that champions ne…
path: 1,HTML,1,BODY,5,MAIN,0,DIV,0,DIV,0,DIV
selector: main#main > div.banner > div.w-100 > div.container
snippet: <div class="container bg-primary">

Optimize LCP by making the LCP image discoverable from the HTML immediately, and avoiding lazy-loading

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

lhId: page-6-DIV
nodeLabel: 60 years of independence Sage is a global academic publisher that champions ne…
path: 1,HTML,1,BODY,5,MAIN,0,DIV,0,DIV,0,DIV
selector: main#main > div.banner > div.w-100 > div.container
snippet: <div class="container bg-primary">

Avoid chaining critical requests by reducing the length of chains, reducing the download size of resources, or deferring the download of unnecessary resources to improve page load.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

description: [preconnect](https://developer.chrome.com/docs/lighthouse/performance/uses-rel-preconnect/) hints help the browser establish a connection earlier in the page load, saving time when the first request for that origin is made. The following are the origins that the page preconnected to.
title: Preconnected origins
value: no origins were preconnected
description: Add [preconnect](https://developer.chrome.com/docs/lighthouse/performance/uses-rel-preconnect/) hints to your most important origins, but try to use no more than 4.
title: Preconnect candidates

Requests are blocking the page's initial render, which may delay LCP. Deferring or inlining can move these network requests out of the critical path.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

URLTransfer SizeDuration
/global/styles/main.min.css?v=8yb5ornqfvaBydN8fMG4iATbZzA...243.1 KiB640 ms
/sfrenderer/scripts/bootstrap.bundle.min.js?package_name=...26.6 KiB
/global/js/main.min.js?v=0AkU1zgv41Z2H9zyt4tEvFVdgpAYIT8H...6.9 KiB
/sfrenderer/scripts/LocationSelector/location.min.js?asse...1.6 KiB
/sfrenderer/scripts/ContentBlock/anchor-link.min.js?assem...766 B
/sfrenderer/scripts/LinkToAnchor/link-to-anchor.min.js?as...1020 B
/sfrenderer/scripts/HawkSearch/hawksearch-redirect.min.js...619 B
/WebResource.axd?d=HtQyXelCu6mzSPcVcvK_Bl3WywIB65351hXFDB...7.5 KiB
/global/js/coreweb-design.js?v=u2-_bVlh3glW7GR3BaIQ_HlSlU...12.1 KiB
www.sagepub.com/sfrenderer/scripts/lazy-components.min.js1.1 KiB
/WebResource.axd?d=NjxTqR2bqTw1rewxxlkHPj11z54WYQDTslIsMC...6.9 KiB
www.google.com/books/javascript/jsapi_dfa8a77636c91e16af18e0056cae178b__en.js120.9 KiB226 ms
/sfrenderer/scripts/DarkModeToggle/default.min.js?assembl...888 B
cdn-ukwest.onetrust.com/scripttemplates/otSDKStub.js9.1 KiB272 ms
cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/lottie-web/5.12.2/lottie.min.js62.9 KiB441 ms

These insights are also available in the Chrome DevTools Performance Panel - record a trace to view more detailed information.

Redirects introduce additional delays before the page can be loaded. Learn how to avoid page redirects.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Estimated savings: 689 ms
URLTime Spent
sagepub.com/689 ms
www.sagepub.com/0.0 ms

Time to Interactive is the amount of time it takes for the page to become fully interactive. Learn more about the Time to Interactive metric.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

TTI

The maximum potential First Input Delay that your users could experience is the duration of the longest task. Learn more about the Maximum Potential First Input Delay metric.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Diagnostics

Reduce unused rules from stylesheets and defer CSS not used for above-the-fold content to decrease bytes consumed by network activity. Learn how to reduce unused CSS.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Estimated savings: 180 ms 230.0 KiB
URLTransfer SizeEst Savings
/global/styles/main.min.css?v=8yb5ornqfvaBydN8fMG4iATbZzA...242.8 KiB230.0 KiB

Reduce unused JavaScript and defer loading scripts until they are required to decrease bytes consumed by network activity. Learn how to reduce unused JavaScript.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Estimated savings: 350 ms 838.2 KiB
URLTransfer SizeEst Savings
/sfrenderer/scripts/HawkSearch/vendor.bundle.js?assembly_...426.1 KiB294.7 KiB
www.google.com/books/api.js128.1 KiB111.6 KiB
www.google.com/books/jsapi.js120.8 KiB105.6 KiB
cdn-ukwest.onetrust.com/scripttemplates/202511.1.0/otBannerSdk.js124.3 KiB75.1 KiB
/gtag/js?id=G-60R758KFDG&cx=c&gtm=4e64f0&sign=b0002113e2e...171.6 KiB64.5 KiB
cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/lottie-web/5.12.2/lottie.min.js62.2 KiB54.3 KiB
analytics.sagepub.com/gtm.js?id=GTM-5R9QN8175.6 KiB49.7 KiB
eu-assets.i.posthog.com/static/array.js66.8 KiB36.3 KiB
eu-assets.i.posthog.com/static/surveys.js?v=1.369.031.9 KiB25.0 KiB
/sfrenderer/scripts/bootstrap.bundle.min.js?package_name=...26.4 KiB21.4 KiB

Minifying JavaScript files can reduce payload sizes and script parse time. Learn how to minify JavaScript.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Estimated savings: 0.0 ms 11.1 KiB
URLTransfer SizeEst Savings
/sfrenderer/scripts/HawkSearch/main.js?assembly_name=Core...18.2 KiB8.2 KiB
/global/js/coreweb-design.js?v=u2-_bVlh3glW7GR3BaIQ_HlSlU...11.9 KiB2.9 KiB

Large network payloads cost users real money and are highly correlated with long load times. Learn how to reduce payload sizes.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

URLTransfer Size
/images/default-source/corporate-comms/us-juneteenth-1.pn...1.6 MiB
/sfrenderer/scripts/HawkSearch/vendor.bundle.js?assembly_...426.4 KiB
/global/styles/main.min.css?v=8yb5ornqfvaBydN8fMG4iATbZzA...243.1 KiB
/images/default-source/homepage-images/diversity_homepage...200.3 KiB
analytics.sagepub.com/gtm.js?id=GTM-5R9QN8175.8 KiB
/images/default-source/homepage-images/sara-miller-mccune...174.6 KiB
/gtag/js?id=G-60R758KFDG&cx=c&gtm=4e64f0&sign=b0002113e2e...171.8 KiB
www.google.com/books/javascript/api_dfa8a77636c91e16af18e0056cae178b__en.js128.1 KiB
/global/styles/fonts/bootstrap-icons.woff2?24e3eb84d0bcaf...127.8 KiB
cdn-ukwest.onetrust.com/scripttemplates/202511.1.0/otBannerSdk.js124.5 KiB

More information about the performance of your application. These numbers don't directly affect the Performance score.

●Layout shift culprits
●Optimize DOM size
●Forced reflow
●Modern HTTP
●Optimize viewport for mobile
●Minify CSS
●User Timing marks and measures 5 user timings
●JavaScript execution time 0.5 s
●Minimizes main-thread work 1.0 s
●Avoid long main-thread tasks 3 long tasks found
●Image elements have explicit `width` and `height`
●Page didn't prevent back/forward cache restoration
●Network Requests
●Network Round Trip Times 160 ms
●Server Backend Latencies 250 ms
●Tasks
●Diagnostics
●Metrics
●Screenshot Thumbnails
●Final Screenshot
●Script Treemap Data
●Resources Summary
●Initial server response time was short Root document took 160 ms
●Avoid large layout shifts 5 layout shifts found
○INP breakdown
○Avoid non-composited animations
96

Accessibility

These checks highlight opportunities to improve the accessibility of your web app. Automatic detection can only detect a subset of issues and does not guarantee the accessibility of your web app, so manual testing is also encouraged.

ARIA

Each ARIA `role` supports a specific subset of `aria-*` attributes. Mismatching these invalidates the `aria-*` attributes. Learn how to match ARIA attributes to their roles.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Failing Elements
Global search div.hawk__searchBox > form > div.input-group > input.form-control

These are opportunities to improve the usage of ARIA in your application which may enhance the experience for users of assistive technology, like a screen reader.

Visible text labels that do not match the accessible name can result in a confusing experience for screen reader users. Learn more about accessible names.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

Failing Elements
Privacy Policy div#onetrust-group-container > div#onetrust-policy > div#onetrust-policy-text > a.ot-cookie-policy-link
○Interactive controls are keyboard focusable
○Interactive elements indicate their purpose and state
○The page has a logical tab order
○Visual order on the page follows DOM order
○User focus is not accidentally trapped in a region
○The user's focus is directed to new content added to the page
○HTML5 landmark elements are used to improve navigation
○Offscreen content is hidden from assistive technology
○Custom controls have associated labels
○Custom controls have ARIA roles
●`[aria-hidden="true"]` is not present on the document `<body>`
●`[role]`s have all required `[aria-*]` attributes
●Elements with an ARIA `[role]` that require children to contain a specific `[role]` have all required children.
●`[role]`s are contained by their required parent element
●`[role]` values are valid
●`[aria-*]` attributes have valid values
●`[aria-*]` attributes are valid and not misspelled
●Buttons have an accessible name
●Image elements have `[alt]` attributes
●Form elements have associated labels
●`[user-scalable="no"]` is not used in the `<meta name="viewport">` element and the `[maximum-scale]` attribute is not less than 5.
●ARIA attributes are used as specified for the element's role
●Elements with `role="dialog"` or `role="alertdialog"` have accessible names.
●`[aria-hidden="true"]` elements do not contain focusable descendents
●ARIA input fields have accessible names
●Elements use only permitted ARIA attributes
●Background and foreground colors have a sufficient contrast ratio
●Document has a `<title>` element
●`<html>` element has a `[lang]` attribute
●`<html>` element has a valid value for its `[lang]` attribute
●Links are distinguishable without relying on color.
●Links have a discernible name
●Lists contain only `<li>` elements and script supporting elements (`<script>` and `<template>`).
●List items (`<li>`) are contained within `<ul>`, `<ol>` or `<menu>` parent elements
●No element has a `[tabindex]` value greater than 0
●Touch targets have sufficient size and spacing.
●Heading elements appear in a sequentially-descending order
●Document has a main landmark.
●Deprecated ARIA roles were not used
●ARIA IDs are unique
●Identical links have the same purpose.
○`[accesskey]` values are unique
○`button`, `link`, and `menuitem` elements have accessible names
○ARIA `meter` elements have accessible names
○ARIA `progressbar` elements have accessible names
○Elements with the `role=text` attribute do not have focusable descendents.
○ARIA toggle fields have accessible names
○ARIA `tooltip` elements have accessible names
○ARIA `treeitem` elements have accessible names
○The page contains a heading, skip link, or landmark region
○`<dl>`'s contain only properly-ordered `<dt>` and `<dd>` groups, `<script>`, `<template>` or `<div>` elements.
○Definition list items are wrapped in `<dl>` elements
○No form fields have multiple labels
○`<frame>` or `<iframe>` elements have a title
○`<html>` element has an `[xml:lang]` attribute with the same base language as the `[lang]` attribute.
○Input buttons have discernible text.
○`<input type="image">` elements have `[alt]` text
○The document does not use `<meta http-equiv="refresh">`
○`<object>` elements have alternate text
○Select elements have associated label elements.
○Skip links are focusable.
○Cells in a `<table>` element that use the `[headers]` attribute refer to table cells within the same table.
○`<th>` elements and elements with `[role="columnheader"/"rowheader"]` have data cells they describe.
○`[lang]` attributes have a valid value
○`<video>` elements contain a `<track>` element with `[kind="captions"]`
○Tables have different content in the summary attribute and `<caption>`.
○All heading elements contain content.
○Uses ARIA roles only on compatible elements
○Image elements do not have `[alt]` attributes that are redundant text.
○Tables use `<caption>` instead of cells with the `[colspan]` attribute to indicate a caption.
○`<td>` elements in a large `<table>` have one or more table headers.
100

Best Practices

General

Source maps translate minified code to the original source code. This helps developers debug in production. In addition, Lighthouse is able to provide further insights. Consider deploying source maps to take advantage of these benefits. Learn more about source maps.

Why this matters

Performance issues directly impact user engagement and conversion rates.

URLMap URL
/sfrenderer/scripts/HawkSearch/vendor.bundle.js?assembly_...www.sagepub.com/sfrenderer/scripts/HawkSearch/vendor.bundle.js.map
analytics.sagepub.com/gtm.js?id=GTM-5R9QN8
/gtag/js?id=G-60R758KFDG&cx=c&gtm=4e64f0&sign=b0002113e2e...
/sfrenderer/scripts/HawkSearch/main.js?assembly_name=Core...www.sagepub.com/sfrenderer/scripts/HawkSearch/main.js.map
/sfrenderer/scripts/bootstrap.bundle.min.js?package_name=...www.sagepub.com/sfrenderer/scripts/bootstrap.bundle.min.js.map
/global/js/coreweb-design.js?v=u2-_bVlh3glW7GR3BaIQ_HlSlU...www.sagepub.com/global/js/coreweb-design.js.map
eu-assets.i.posthog.com/static/surveys.js?v=1.369.0eu-assets.i.posthog.com/static/surveys.js.map
eu-assets.i.posthog.com/static/array.jseu-assets.i.posthog.com/static/array.js.map
assistant.woorank.com/hydra/assistantLoader.latest.jsassistant.woorank.com/hydra/assistantLoader.latest.js.map
●Uses HTTPS
●Avoids deprecated APIs
●Avoids third-party cookies
●Allows users to paste into input fields
●Avoids requesting the geolocation permission on page load
●Avoids requesting the notification permission on page load
●Displays images with correct aspect ratio
●Serves images with appropriate resolution
●Page has the HTML doctype
●Properly defines charset
●No browser errors logged to the console
●No issues in the `Issues` panel in Chrome Devtools
●Ensure CSP is effective against XSS attacks
●Use a strong HSTS policy
●Ensure proper origin isolation with COOP
●Mitigate clickjacking with XFO or CSP
●Mitigate DOM-based XSS with Trusted Types
●Detected JavaScript libraries
○Redirects HTTP traffic to HTTPS
100

SEO

These checks ensure that your page is following basic search engine optimization advice. There are many additional factors Lighthouse does not score here that may affect your search ranking, including performance on Core Web Vitals. Learn more about Google Search Essentials.

○Structured data is valid
●Page isn’t blocked from indexing
●Document has a `<title>` element
●Document has a meta description
●Page has successful HTTP status code
●Links have descriptive text
●Links are crawlable
●robots.txt is valid
●Image elements have `[alt]` attributes
●Document has a valid `hreflang`
●Document has a valid `rel=canonical`

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