Accessibility

· 13 checks — Landmarks, headings, alt text, forms, and link quality rolled into one auditable list.

SCORE

GRADE

FIX

REVIEW

PASS

INFO

Checks

7 PASS 3 REVIEW 3 FIX

Web Manifest

Action

Not found

FIX

Not found

No web manifest found

No manifest at standard paths (/manifest.json, /site.webmanifest). A manifest is optional but enables PWA features like home screen installation and standalone display.

No web manifest found.

Dark Mode Support

Action

No dark mode signals

FIX

No dark mode signals

No dark mode signals detected

Consider adding CSS with @media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) and <meta name='color-scheme' content='light dark'>.

Detection limited to meta tags and inline styles

External CSS files may contain prefers-color-scheme rules not visible to this scan.

Dark ModeNo Dark Mode Detected

color-scheme meta Not set ✗Dark theme-color Not set ✗CSS indicators Not detected ✗

Detection limited to meta tags and inline styles.

Print Stylesheet

Action

No print styles

FIX

No print styles

No print-specific styles detected

When users print this page, they get the screen layout including navigation and non-essential elements. Add @media print rules to hide navigation and optimize layout for paper.

Print Stylesheet No Print Styles

Print stylesheet Not found ✗Inline @media print Not detected ✗

Favicon & Branding

Action

13 icon(s) detected

REVIEW

13 icon(s) detected

No favicon.ico at site root

Some older browsers, bookmark tools, and RSS readers look for /favicon.ico. Add one as a fallback.

HTML icon links detected

Apple touch icon present

Multiple icon sizes detected

✗ favicon.ico Missing

✓ PNG Icons Present

✓ Apple Touch Present

✗ SVG Favicon Missing

✗ Manifest Icons Missing

✓ Multiple Sizes Present

Navigation UX

Action

2 navigation pattern(s)

REVIEW

2 navigation pattern(s)

Breadcrumb navigation detected

Got: aria-label

Skip navigation link detected

6 navigation landmark(s) detected

Hamburger menu detected (responsive design)

Breadcrumbs aria-label navigation

Skip Link Skip link detected

Labeled Navigation 6 <nav> element(s)

Hamburger Menu

Sticky Navigation Cannot reliably detect (CSS-based)

4 of 6 testable patterns navigation patterns detected. Strong navigation UX with multiple discovery paths.

Color Contrast (Screenshot)

Action

20 text elements analyzed, 20 fail WCAG AA

REVIEW

Analyzes text contrast against the actual rendered page, including background images, gradients, and overlays that CSS-based tools cannot detect.

0 pass 20 fail WCAG AA

h1 This site uses cookies to store informat…

1.38:1

#000000

#301B48

needs 3.0:1 (large text)

32px · top of page (header area)

h1 Loughborough University

1.38:1

#000000

#301B48

needs 3.0:1 (large text)

32px · bottom of viewport · over background image/gradient

h2 Necessary Cookies

1.38:1

#000000

#301B48

needs 3.0:1 (large text)

24px · above the fold

h2 Number one in the world for sports-relat…

1.38:1

#000000

#301B48

needs 3.0:1 (large text)

24px · bottom of viewport · over background image/gradient

h3 Analytical Cookies

1.38:1

#000000

#301B48

needs 3.0:1 (large text)

19px · above the fold

h3 Marketing Cookies

1.38:1

#000000

#301B48

needs 3.0:1 (large text)

19px · mid-page

h3 QS World University Rankings by Subject …

1.38:1

#000000

#301B48

needs 3.0:1 (large text)

19px · bottom of viewport · over background image/gradient

h3 Undergraduate study

1.38:1

#000000

#301B48

needs 3.0:1 (large text)

19px · bottom of viewport

h3 Postgraduate study

1.38:1

#000000

#301B48

needs 3.0:1 (large text)

19px · bottom of viewport

h3 Building digital communities

1.38:1

#000000

#301B48

needs 3.0:1 (large text)

19px · bottom of viewport

h3 Creating inclusive communities

1.38:1

#000000

#301B48

needs 3.0:1 (large text)

19px · bottom of viewport

h3 Building better humans

1.38:1

#000000

#301B48

needs 3.0:1 (large text)

19px · bottom of viewport

h3 50 years of litter on Skye

1.38:1

#000000

#301B48

needs 3.0:1 (large text)

19px · bottom of viewport

h3 Empowering people to achieve extraordina…

1.38:1

#000000

#301B48

needs 3.0:1 (large text)

19px · bottom of viewport

h3 Shaping global policy on sustainable AI …

1.38:1

#000000

#301B48

needs 3.0:1 (large text)

19px · bottom of viewport

h3 Why green hydrogen gives me hope

1.38:1

#000000

#301B48

needs 3.0:1 (large text)

19px · bottom of viewport

h3 Empowering the planet

1.38:1

#000000

#301B48

needs 3.0:1 (large text)

19px · bottom of viewport

h3 Building digital communities

1.38:1

#000000

#301B48

needs 3.0:1 (large text)

19px · bottom of viewport

h3 Creating inclusive communities

1.38:1

#000000

#301B48

needs 3.0:1 (large text)

19px · bottom of viewport

h3 Building better humans

1.38:1

#000000

#301B48

needs 3.0:1 (large text)

19px · bottom of viewport

3 contrast failures on background images/gradients

These failures are invisible to CSS-based accessibility tools like Lighthouse. The text may be fine on a solid background, but fails when rendered over an image or gradient.

Show all checked elements (20)

Element	Ratio	Required	FG	BG	Result
h1 This site uses cooki…	1.38:1	3.0:1	#000000	#301B48	Fail
h1 Loughborough Univers…	1.38:1	3.0:1	#000000	#301B48	Fail
h2 Necessary Cookies	1.38:1	3.0:1	#000000	#301B48	Fail
h2 Number one in the wo…	1.38:1	3.0:1	#000000	#301B48	Fail
h3 Analytical Cookies	1.38:1	3.0:1	#000000	#301B48	Fail
h3 Marketing Cookies	1.38:1	3.0:1	#000000	#301B48	Fail
h3 QS World University …	1.38:1	3.0:1	#000000	#301B48	Fail
h3 Undergraduate study	1.38:1	3.0:1	#000000	#301B48	Fail
h3 Postgraduate study	1.38:1	3.0:1	#000000	#301B48	Fail
h3 Building digital com…	1.38:1	3.0:1	#000000	#301B48	Fail
h3 Creating inclusive c…	1.38:1	3.0:1	#000000	#301B48	Fail
h3 Building better huma…	1.38:1	3.0:1	#000000	#301B48	Fail
h3 50 years of litter o…	1.38:1	3.0:1	#000000	#301B48	Fail
h3 Empowering people to…	1.38:1	3.0:1	#000000	#301B48	Fail
h3 Shaping global polic…	1.38:1	3.0:1	#000000	#301B48	Fail
h3 Why green hydrogen g…	1.38:1	3.0:1	#000000	#301B48	Fail
h3 Empowering the plane…	1.38:1	3.0:1	#000000	#301B48	Fail
h3 Building digital com…	1.38:1	3.0:1	#000000	#301B48	Fail
h3 Creating inclusive c…	1.38:1	3.0:1	#000000	#301B48	Fail
h3 Building better huma…	1.38:1	3.0:1	#000000	#301B48	Fail

Methodology: The top 20 text elements by font size were checked. Background color was sampled from the desktop screenshot using a 5-point pattern. WCAG 2.1 AA requires 4.5:1 for normal text and 3:1 for large text.

A+

Landmark Structure

11 landmarks

PASS

11 landmarks

<main> landmark present

6 <nav> landmark(s) found

All <nav> elements are properly labeled

Skip navigation link present

Page Structure — as a screen reader sees it

Heading Hierarchy

49 headings

PASS

49 headings

Multiple H1 headings (2 found)

A page should have only one H1. Multiple H1s dilute the document outline.

H1 This site uses cookies to store information on your computer.
H2 Necessary Cookies
H3 Analytical Cookies
H3 Marketing Cookies
H1 Loughborough University duplicate H1
H2 Number one in the world for sports-related subjects 10 years running
H3 QS World University Rankings by Subject 2017-2026
H3 Undergraduate study
H3 Postgraduate study
H3 Building digital communities
H3 Creating inclusive communities
H3 Building better humans
H3 50 years of litter on Skye
H3 Empowering people to achieve extraordinary things
H3 Shaping global policy on sustainable AI at Davos
H3 Why green hydrogen gives me hope
H3 Empowering the planet
H3 Building digital communities
H3 Creating inclusive communities
H3 Building better humans
H3 50 years of litter on Skye
H3 Empowering people to achieve extraordinary things
H3 Shaping global policy on sustainable AI at Davos
H3 Why green hydrogen gives me hope
H3 Empowering the planet
H3 Building digital communities
H3 Creating inclusive communities
H3 Building better humans
H3 50 years of litter on Skye
H3 News and events
H3 Professor Daniel Parsons elected Fellow of the Learned Society of Wales
H3 New research identifies previously unreported pressure wave energy transfer to the brain from football headers
H3 EXPERT COMMENT: Social media content is increasingly shaping how people understand their health
H3 ‘I’m not a politician’: why the clash with Pope Leo could prove dangerous for Donald Trump
H3 Pilkington Library's BookFlix Display
H3 Tainted Love: AIDS and Gay Broadcasting in 1980s Britain
H3 Display of Deep Recovery Student Responses
H3 The longest climb of Mt Everest in history with Mitch Hutchcraft
H4 Loughborough University
H3 London
H4 Business and enterprise
H3 Collaborations
H4 World-class
H3 Sport
H3 Study
H3 Using our site / legal
H3 Explore
H3 Students and staff
H3 Locations

A page should have only one H1. Multiple H1s dilute the document outline.

Why this matters

Multiple H1s blur the page's primary topic — screen-reader users and Google both prefer one H1.

Learn more ▾

HTML5's outline algorithm technically allows multiple H1s within sectioning content, but no browser implements it. In practice: one H1 per page. Use H2-H6 for subsections.

Source: WCAG 2.4.6 / Google Search Central

A+

Alt Text Quality

No images

PASS

No images

No images on this page

No images on this page.

A+

Form Accessibility

All 3 controls labeled

PASS

All 3 controls labeled

3 control(s) properly labeled

3 controls

3 labeled

0 placeholder only

0 unlabeled

Control	Type	Label	Method
input	checkbox		none
input	checkbox		none
#course-search	search	Search courses	for/id

A+

Link & Button Quality

98 links, 12 buttons — all OK

PASS

98 links, 12 buttons — all OK

1 link(s) open in new tab without warning

Add '(opens in new tab)' to link text or aria-label.

Got: https://www.lboro.ac.uk/privacy/

97 link(s) with descriptive text

98 links

0 empty

0 generic text

1 new tab

0 empty buttons

Element	Text	Issue	Suggested Fix
https://www.lboro.ac.uk/privacy/	privacy statement(Opens in a n…	new tab	Add '(opens in new tab)' to text

109 links and buttons have descriptive text

Add '(opens in new tab)' to link text or aria-label.

https://www.lboro.ac.uk/privacy/

Why this matters

Links with target="_blank" without rel="noopener" leak the originating page's window context — security and UX issue.

Learn more ▾

Without rel="noopener", the new tab can navigate the original tab via window.opener (tab-nabbing attack). Modern browsers default to noopener for target=_blank but only since recent versions. Always set rel="noopener noreferrer" explicitly.

Source: MDN target / OWASP

404 Error Page

HTTP 404, custom page

PASS

HTTP 404, custom page

Correct 404 status code returned

Got: HTTP 404

Custom styled 404 page

Navigation links present on 404 page

Homepage link present on 404 page

Search form present on 404 page

404 Page Quality ✓ Custom 404 Page

Status Code HTTP 404 ✓Page Title 404 – Page not found | Home | Loughborough University ✓Custom Styling ✓Navigation ✓Homepage Link ✓Search Form ✓

A+

Lighthouse Accessibility Audits

Score 100/100 — 0 failing, 25 passed

PASS

100

Accessibility

These checks highlight opportunities to improve the accessibility of your web app. Automatic detection can only detect a subset of issues and does not guarantee the accessibility of your web app, so manual testing is also encouraged.

○Interactive controls are keyboard focusable

○Interactive elements indicate their purpose and state

○The page has a logical tab order

○Visual order on the page follows DOM order

○User focus is not accidentally trapped in a region

○The user's focus is directed to new content added to the page

○HTML5 landmark elements are used to improve navigation

○Offscreen content is hidden from assistive technology

○Custom controls have associated labels

○Custom controls have ARIA roles

●`[aria-*]` attributes match their roles

●`[aria-hidden="true"]` is not present on the document `<body>`

●`[role]`s have all required `[aria-*]` attributes

●`[role]` values are valid

●`[aria-*]` attributes have valid values

●`[aria-*]` attributes are valid and not misspelled

●Buttons have an accessible name

●Form elements have associated labels

●`[user-scalable="no"]` is not used in the `<meta name="viewport">` element and the `[maximum-scale]` attribute is not less than 5.

●ARIA attributes are used as specified for the element's role

●Elements with `role="dialog"` or `role="alertdialog"` have accessible names.

●`[aria-hidden="true"]` elements do not contain focusable descendents

●Elements use only permitted ARIA attributes

●Background and foreground colors have a sufficient contrast ratio

●Document has a `<title>` element

●`<html>` element has a `[lang]` attribute

●`<html>` element has a valid value for its `[lang]` attribute

●Links are distinguishable without relying on color.

●Links have a discernible name

●Lists contain only `<li>` elements and script supporting elements (`<script>` and `<template>`).

●List items (`<li>`) are contained within `<ul>`, `<ol>` or `<menu>` parent elements

●Touch targets have sufficient size and spacing.

●Heading elements appear in a sequentially-descending order

●Document has a main landmark.

●Deprecated ARIA roles were not used

○`[accesskey]` values are unique

○`button`, `link`, and `menuitem` elements have accessible names

○ARIA input fields have accessible names

○ARIA `meter` elements have accessible names

○ARIA `progressbar` elements have accessible names

○Elements with an ARIA `[role]` that require children to contain a specific `[role]` have all required children.

○`[role]`s are contained by their required parent element

○Elements with the `role=text` attribute do not have focusable descendents.

○ARIA toggle fields have accessible names

○ARIA `tooltip` elements have accessible names

○ARIA `treeitem` elements have accessible names

○The page contains a heading, skip link, or landmark region

○`<dl>`'s contain only properly-ordered `<dt>` and `<dd>` groups, `<script>`, `<template>` or `<div>` elements.

○Definition list items are wrapped in `<dl>` elements

○ARIA IDs are unique

○No form fields have multiple labels

○`<frame>` or `<iframe>` elements have a title

○`<html>` element has an `[xml:lang]` attribute with the same base language as the `[lang]` attribute.

○Image elements have `[alt]` attributes

○Input buttons have discernible text.

○`<input type="image">` elements have `[alt]` text

○The document does not use `<meta http-equiv="refresh">`

○`<object>` elements have alternate text

○Select elements have associated label elements.

○Skip links are focusable.

○No element has a `[tabindex]` value greater than 0

○Cells in a `<table>` element that use the `[headers]` attribute refer to table cells within the same table.

○`<th>` elements and elements with `[role="columnheader"/"rowheader"]` have data cells they describe.

○`[lang]` attributes have a valid value

○`<video>` elements contain a `<track>` element with `[kind="captions"]`

○Tables have different content in the summary attribute and `<caption>`.

○All heading elements contain content.

○Uses ARIA roles only on compatible elements

○Image elements do not have `[alt]` attributes that are redundant text.

○Identical links have the same purpose.

○Elements with visible text labels have matching accessible names.

○Tables use `<caption>` instead of cells with the `[colspan]` attribute to indicate a caption.

○`<td>` elements in a large `<table>` have one or more table headers.

All checks on this page are automated. Results are estimates - run targeted manual reviews when the score affects a release decision.